A bespoke health risk assessment methodology for the radiation protection of astronauts

Abstract An alternative approach that is particularly suitable for the radiation health risk assessment (HRA) of astronauts is presented. The quantity, Radiation Attributed Decrease of Survival (RADS), representing the cumulative decrease in the unknown survival curve at a certain attained age, due...
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Autor*in:	Walsh, Linda [verfasserIn] Hafner, Luana Straube, Ulrich Ulanowski, Alexander Fogtman, Anna Durante, Marco Weerts, Guillaume Schneider, Uwe

Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2021

Schlagwörter:	Space radiation protection Space flight Radiation-related cancer Radiation attributed decrease of survival Radiation risk model

Anmerkung:	© The Author(s) 2021

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Radiation and environmental biophysics - Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1974, 60(2021), 2 vom: 30. Apr., Seite 213-231
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:60 ; year:2021 ; number:2 ; day:30 ; month:04 ; pages:213-231

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1007/s00411-021-00910-0

Katalog-ID:	OLC212542942X

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allfields	10.1007/s00411-021-00910-0 doi (DE-627)OLC212542942X (DE-He213)s00411-021-00910-0-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 530 VZ 12 ssgn BIODIV DE-30 fid Walsh, Linda verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-7399-9191 aut A bespoke health risk assessment methodology for the radiation protection of astronauts 2021 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2021 Abstract An alternative approach that is particularly suitable for the radiation health risk assessment (HRA) of astronauts is presented. The quantity, Radiation Attributed Decrease of Survival (RADS), representing the cumulative decrease in the unknown survival curve at a certain attained age, due to the radiation exposure at an earlier age, forms the basis for this alternative approach. Results are provided for all solid cancer plus leukemia incidence RADS from estimated doses from theoretical radiation exposures accumulated during long-term missions to the Moon or Mars. For example, it is shown that a 1000-day Mars exploration mission with a hypothetical mission effective dose of 1.07 Sv at typical astronaut ages around 40 years old, will result in the probability of surviving free of all types of solid cancer and leukemia until retirement age (65 years) being reduced by 4.2% (95% CI 3.2; 5.3) for males and 5.8% (95% CI 4.8; 7.0) for females. RADS dose–responses are given, for the outcomes for incidence of all solid cancer, leukemia, lung and female breast cancer. Results showing how RADS varies with age at exposure, attained age and other factors are also presented. The advantages of this alternative approach, over currently applied methodologies for the long-term radiation protection of astronauts after mission exposures, are presented with example calculations applicable to European astronaut occupational HRA. Some tentative suggestions for new types of occupational risk limits for space missions are given while acknowledging that the setting of astronaut radiation-related risk limits will ultimately be decided by the Space Agencies. Suggestions are provided for further work which builds on and extends this new HRA approach, e.g., by eventually including non-cancer effects and detailed space dosimetry. Space radiation protection Space flight Radiation-related cancer Radiation attributed decrease of survival Radiation risk model Hafner, Luana (orcid)0000-0002-5218-9293 aut Straube, Ulrich aut Ulanowski, Alexander (orcid)0000-0003-4863-4128 aut Fogtman, Anna aut Durante, Marco aut Weerts, Guillaume aut Schneider, Uwe aut Enthalten in Radiation and environmental biophysics Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1974 60(2021), 2 vom: 30. Apr., Seite 213-231 (DE-627)129308528 (DE-600)124987-3 (DE-576)014507870 0301-634X nnns volume:60 year:2021 number:2 day:30 month:04 pages:213-231 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-021-00910-0 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-PHY SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_4277 AR 60 2021 2 30 04 213-231
spelling	10.1007/s00411-021-00910-0 doi (DE-627)OLC212542942X (DE-He213)s00411-021-00910-0-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 530 VZ 12 ssgn BIODIV DE-30 fid Walsh, Linda verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-7399-9191 aut A bespoke health risk assessment methodology for the radiation protection of astronauts 2021 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2021 Abstract An alternative approach that is particularly suitable for the radiation health risk assessment (HRA) of astronauts is presented. The quantity, Radiation Attributed Decrease of Survival (RADS), representing the cumulative decrease in the unknown survival curve at a certain attained age, due to the radiation exposure at an earlier age, forms the basis for this alternative approach. Results are provided for all solid cancer plus leukemia incidence RADS from estimated doses from theoretical radiation exposures accumulated during long-term missions to the Moon or Mars. For example, it is shown that a 1000-day Mars exploration mission with a hypothetical mission effective dose of 1.07 Sv at typical astronaut ages around 40 years old, will result in the probability of surviving free of all types of solid cancer and leukemia until retirement age (65 years) being reduced by 4.2% (95% CI 3.2; 5.3) for males and 5.8% (95% CI 4.8; 7.0) for females. RADS dose–responses are given, for the outcomes for incidence of all solid cancer, leukemia, lung and female breast cancer. Results showing how RADS varies with age at exposure, attained age and other factors are also presented. The advantages of this alternative approach, over currently applied methodologies for the long-term radiation protection of astronauts after mission exposures, are presented with example calculations applicable to European astronaut occupational HRA. Some tentative suggestions for new types of occupational risk limits for space missions are given while acknowledging that the setting of astronaut radiation-related risk limits will ultimately be decided by the Space Agencies. Suggestions are provided for further work which builds on and extends this new HRA approach, e.g., by eventually including non-cancer effects and detailed space dosimetry. Space radiation protection Space flight Radiation-related cancer Radiation attributed decrease of survival Radiation risk model Hafner, Luana (orcid)0000-0002-5218-9293 aut Straube, Ulrich aut Ulanowski, Alexander (orcid)0000-0003-4863-4128 aut Fogtman, Anna aut Durante, Marco aut Weerts, Guillaume aut Schneider, Uwe aut Enthalten in Radiation and environmental biophysics Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1974 60(2021), 2 vom: 30. Apr., Seite 213-231 (DE-627)129308528 (DE-600)124987-3 (DE-576)014507870 0301-634X nnns volume:60 year:2021 number:2 day:30 month:04 pages:213-231 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-021-00910-0 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-PHY SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_4277 AR 60 2021 2 30 04 213-231
allfields_unstemmed	10.1007/s00411-021-00910-0 doi (DE-627)OLC212542942X (DE-He213)s00411-021-00910-0-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 530 VZ 12 ssgn BIODIV DE-30 fid Walsh, Linda verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-7399-9191 aut A bespoke health risk assessment methodology for the radiation protection of astronauts 2021 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2021 Abstract An alternative approach that is particularly suitable for the radiation health risk assessment (HRA) of astronauts is presented. The quantity, Radiation Attributed Decrease of Survival (RADS), representing the cumulative decrease in the unknown survival curve at a certain attained age, due to the radiation exposure at an earlier age, forms the basis for this alternative approach. Results are provided for all solid cancer plus leukemia incidence RADS from estimated doses from theoretical radiation exposures accumulated during long-term missions to the Moon or Mars. For example, it is shown that a 1000-day Mars exploration mission with a hypothetical mission effective dose of 1.07 Sv at typical astronaut ages around 40 years old, will result in the probability of surviving free of all types of solid cancer and leukemia until retirement age (65 years) being reduced by 4.2% (95% CI 3.2; 5.3) for males and 5.8% (95% CI 4.8; 7.0) for females. RADS dose–responses are given, for the outcomes for incidence of all solid cancer, leukemia, lung and female breast cancer. Results showing how RADS varies with age at exposure, attained age and other factors are also presented. The advantages of this alternative approach, over currently applied methodologies for the long-term radiation protection of astronauts after mission exposures, are presented with example calculations applicable to European astronaut occupational HRA. Some tentative suggestions for new types of occupational risk limits for space missions are given while acknowledging that the setting of astronaut radiation-related risk limits will ultimately be decided by the Space Agencies. Suggestions are provided for further work which builds on and extends this new HRA approach, e.g., by eventually including non-cancer effects and detailed space dosimetry. Space radiation protection Space flight Radiation-related cancer Radiation attributed decrease of survival Radiation risk model Hafner, Luana (orcid)0000-0002-5218-9293 aut Straube, Ulrich aut Ulanowski, Alexander (orcid)0000-0003-4863-4128 aut Fogtman, Anna aut Durante, Marco aut Weerts, Guillaume aut Schneider, Uwe aut Enthalten in Radiation and environmental biophysics Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1974 60(2021), 2 vom: 30. Apr., Seite 213-231 (DE-627)129308528 (DE-600)124987-3 (DE-576)014507870 0301-634X nnns volume:60 year:2021 number:2 day:30 month:04 pages:213-231 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-021-00910-0 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-PHY SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_4277 AR 60 2021 2 30 04 213-231
allfieldsGer	10.1007/s00411-021-00910-0 doi (DE-627)OLC212542942X (DE-He213)s00411-021-00910-0-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 530 VZ 12 ssgn BIODIV DE-30 fid Walsh, Linda verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-7399-9191 aut A bespoke health risk assessment methodology for the radiation protection of astronauts 2021 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2021 Abstract An alternative approach that is particularly suitable for the radiation health risk assessment (HRA) of astronauts is presented. The quantity, Radiation Attributed Decrease of Survival (RADS), representing the cumulative decrease in the unknown survival curve at a certain attained age, due to the radiation exposure at an earlier age, forms the basis for this alternative approach. Results are provided for all solid cancer plus leukemia incidence RADS from estimated doses from theoretical radiation exposures accumulated during long-term missions to the Moon or Mars. For example, it is shown that a 1000-day Mars exploration mission with a hypothetical mission effective dose of 1.07 Sv at typical astronaut ages around 40 years old, will result in the probability of surviving free of all types of solid cancer and leukemia until retirement age (65 years) being reduced by 4.2% (95% CI 3.2; 5.3) for males and 5.8% (95% CI 4.8; 7.0) for females. RADS dose–responses are given, for the outcomes for incidence of all solid cancer, leukemia, lung and female breast cancer. Results showing how RADS varies with age at exposure, attained age and other factors are also presented. The advantages of this alternative approach, over currently applied methodologies for the long-term radiation protection of astronauts after mission exposures, are presented with example calculations applicable to European astronaut occupational HRA. Some tentative suggestions for new types of occupational risk limits for space missions are given while acknowledging that the setting of astronaut radiation-related risk limits will ultimately be decided by the Space Agencies. Suggestions are provided for further work which builds on and extends this new HRA approach, e.g., by eventually including non-cancer effects and detailed space dosimetry. Space radiation protection Space flight Radiation-related cancer Radiation attributed decrease of survival Radiation risk model Hafner, Luana (orcid)0000-0002-5218-9293 aut Straube, Ulrich aut Ulanowski, Alexander (orcid)0000-0003-4863-4128 aut Fogtman, Anna aut Durante, Marco aut Weerts, Guillaume aut Schneider, Uwe aut Enthalten in Radiation and environmental biophysics Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1974 60(2021), 2 vom: 30. Apr., Seite 213-231 (DE-627)129308528 (DE-600)124987-3 (DE-576)014507870 0301-634X nnns volume:60 year:2021 number:2 day:30 month:04 pages:213-231 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-021-00910-0 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-PHY SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_4277 AR 60 2021 2 30 04 213-231
allfieldsSound	10.1007/s00411-021-00910-0 doi (DE-627)OLC212542942X (DE-He213)s00411-021-00910-0-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 530 VZ 12 ssgn BIODIV DE-30 fid Walsh, Linda verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-7399-9191 aut A bespoke health risk assessment methodology for the radiation protection of astronauts 2021 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2021 Abstract An alternative approach that is particularly suitable for the radiation health risk assessment (HRA) of astronauts is presented. The quantity, Radiation Attributed Decrease of Survival (RADS), representing the cumulative decrease in the unknown survival curve at a certain attained age, due to the radiation exposure at an earlier age, forms the basis for this alternative approach. Results are provided for all solid cancer plus leukemia incidence RADS from estimated doses from theoretical radiation exposures accumulated during long-term missions to the Moon or Mars. For example, it is shown that a 1000-day Mars exploration mission with a hypothetical mission effective dose of 1.07 Sv at typical astronaut ages around 40 years old, will result in the probability of surviving free of all types of solid cancer and leukemia until retirement age (65 years) being reduced by 4.2% (95% CI 3.2; 5.3) for males and 5.8% (95% CI 4.8; 7.0) for females. RADS dose–responses are given, for the outcomes for incidence of all solid cancer, leukemia, lung and female breast cancer. Results showing how RADS varies with age at exposure, attained age and other factors are also presented. The advantages of this alternative approach, over currently applied methodologies for the long-term radiation protection of astronauts after mission exposures, are presented with example calculations applicable to European astronaut occupational HRA. Some tentative suggestions for new types of occupational risk limits for space missions are given while acknowledging that the setting of astronaut radiation-related risk limits will ultimately be decided by the Space Agencies. Suggestions are provided for further work which builds on and extends this new HRA approach, e.g., by eventually including non-cancer effects and detailed space dosimetry. Space radiation protection Space flight Radiation-related cancer Radiation attributed decrease of survival Radiation risk model Hafner, Luana (orcid)0000-0002-5218-9293 aut Straube, Ulrich aut Ulanowski, Alexander (orcid)0000-0003-4863-4128 aut Fogtman, Anna aut Durante, Marco aut Weerts, Guillaume aut Schneider, Uwe aut Enthalten in Radiation and environmental biophysics Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1974 60(2021), 2 vom: 30. Apr., Seite 213-231 (DE-627)129308528 (DE-600)124987-3 (DE-576)014507870 0301-634X nnns volume:60 year:2021 number:2 day:30 month:04 pages:213-231 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-021-00910-0 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-PHY SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_4277 AR 60 2021 2 30 04 213-231
language	English
source	Enthalten in Radiation and environmental biophysics 60(2021), 2 vom: 30. Apr., Seite 213-231 volume:60 year:2021 number:2 day:30 month:04 pages:213-231
sourceStr	Enthalten in Radiation and environmental biophysics 60(2021), 2 vom: 30. Apr., Seite 213-231 volume:60 year:2021 number:2 day:30 month:04 pages:213-231
format_phy_str_mv	Article
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topic_facet	Space radiation protection Space flight Radiation-related cancer Radiation attributed decrease of survival Radiation risk model
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container_title	Radiation and environmental biophysics
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Walsh, Linda @@aut@@ Hafner, Luana @@aut@@ Straube, Ulrich @@aut@@ Ulanowski, Alexander @@aut@@ Fogtman, Anna @@aut@@ Durante, Marco @@aut@@ Weerts, Guillaume @@aut@@ Schneider, Uwe @@aut@@
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author	Walsh, Linda
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topic_title	570 530 VZ 12 ssgn BIODIV DE-30 fid A bespoke health risk assessment methodology for the radiation protection of astronauts Space radiation protection Space flight Radiation-related cancer Radiation attributed decrease of survival Radiation risk model
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title	A bespoke health risk assessment methodology for the radiation protection of astronauts
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title_full	A bespoke health risk assessment methodology for the radiation protection of astronauts
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title_sort	a bespoke health risk assessment methodology for the radiation protection of astronauts
title_auth	A bespoke health risk assessment methodology for the radiation protection of astronauts
abstract	Abstract An alternative approach that is particularly suitable for the radiation health risk assessment (HRA) of astronauts is presented. The quantity, Radiation Attributed Decrease of Survival (RADS), representing the cumulative decrease in the unknown survival curve at a certain attained age, due to the radiation exposure at an earlier age, forms the basis for this alternative approach. Results are provided for all solid cancer plus leukemia incidence RADS from estimated doses from theoretical radiation exposures accumulated during long-term missions to the Moon or Mars. For example, it is shown that a 1000-day Mars exploration mission with a hypothetical mission effective dose of 1.07 Sv at typical astronaut ages around 40 years old, will result in the probability of surviving free of all types of solid cancer and leukemia until retirement age (65 years) being reduced by 4.2% (95% CI 3.2; 5.3) for males and 5.8% (95% CI 4.8; 7.0) for females. RADS dose–responses are given, for the outcomes for incidence of all solid cancer, leukemia, lung and female breast cancer. Results showing how RADS varies with age at exposure, attained age and other factors are also presented. The advantages of this alternative approach, over currently applied methodologies for the long-term radiation protection of astronauts after mission exposures, are presented with example calculations applicable to European astronaut occupational HRA. Some tentative suggestions for new types of occupational risk limits for space missions are given while acknowledging that the setting of astronaut radiation-related risk limits will ultimately be decided by the Space Agencies. Suggestions are provided for further work which builds on and extends this new HRA approach, e.g., by eventually including non-cancer effects and detailed space dosimetry. © The Author(s) 2021
abstractGer	Abstract An alternative approach that is particularly suitable for the radiation health risk assessment (HRA) of astronauts is presented. The quantity, Radiation Attributed Decrease of Survival (RADS), representing the cumulative decrease in the unknown survival curve at a certain attained age, due to the radiation exposure at an earlier age, forms the basis for this alternative approach. Results are provided for all solid cancer plus leukemia incidence RADS from estimated doses from theoretical radiation exposures accumulated during long-term missions to the Moon or Mars. For example, it is shown that a 1000-day Mars exploration mission with a hypothetical mission effective dose of 1.07 Sv at typical astronaut ages around 40 years old, will result in the probability of surviving free of all types of solid cancer and leukemia until retirement age (65 years) being reduced by 4.2% (95% CI 3.2; 5.3) for males and 5.8% (95% CI 4.8; 7.0) for females. RADS dose–responses are given, for the outcomes for incidence of all solid cancer, leukemia, lung and female breast cancer. Results showing how RADS varies with age at exposure, attained age and other factors are also presented. The advantages of this alternative approach, over currently applied methodologies for the long-term radiation protection of astronauts after mission exposures, are presented with example calculations applicable to European astronaut occupational HRA. Some tentative suggestions for new types of occupational risk limits for space missions are given while acknowledging that the setting of astronaut radiation-related risk limits will ultimately be decided by the Space Agencies. Suggestions are provided for further work which builds on and extends this new HRA approach, e.g., by eventually including non-cancer effects and detailed space dosimetry. © The Author(s) 2021
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract An alternative approach that is particularly suitable for the radiation health risk assessment (HRA) of astronauts is presented. The quantity, Radiation Attributed Decrease of Survival (RADS), representing the cumulative decrease in the unknown survival curve at a certain attained age, due to the radiation exposure at an earlier age, forms the basis for this alternative approach. Results are provided for all solid cancer plus leukemia incidence RADS from estimated doses from theoretical radiation exposures accumulated during long-term missions to the Moon or Mars. For example, it is shown that a 1000-day Mars exploration mission with a hypothetical mission effective dose of 1.07 Sv at typical astronaut ages around 40 years old, will result in the probability of surviving free of all types of solid cancer and leukemia until retirement age (65 years) being reduced by 4.2% (95% CI 3.2; 5.3) for males and 5.8% (95% CI 4.8; 7.0) for females. RADS dose–responses are given, for the outcomes for incidence of all solid cancer, leukemia, lung and female breast cancer. Results showing how RADS varies with age at exposure, attained age and other factors are also presented. The advantages of this alternative approach, over currently applied methodologies for the long-term radiation protection of astronauts after mission exposures, are presented with example calculations applicable to European astronaut occupational HRA. Some tentative suggestions for new types of occupational risk limits for space missions are given while acknowledging that the setting of astronaut radiation-related risk limits will ultimately be decided by the Space Agencies. Suggestions are provided for further work which builds on and extends this new HRA approach, e.g., by eventually including non-cancer effects and detailed space dosimetry. © The Author(s) 2021
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title_short	A bespoke health risk assessment methodology for the radiation protection of astronauts
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