Quantification of magnetization transfer rate and native T1 relaxation time of the brain: correlation with magnetization transfer ratio measurements in patients with multiple sclerosis

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to perform quantitative measurements of the magnetization transfer rate (Kfor) and native T1 relaxation time (T1free) in the brain tissue of normal individuals and patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) by means of multiple gradient echo acquisitions, and to correlate these measurements with the magnetization transfer ratio (MTR). Quantitative magnetization transfer imaging was performed in five normal volunteers and 12 patients with relapsing–remitting MS on a 1.5 T magnetic resonance (MR) scanner. The T1 relaxation time under magnetization transfer irradiation (T1sat) was calculated by means of fitting the signal intensity over the flip angle in several 3D spoiled gradient echo acquisitions (3°, 15°, 30°, and 60°), while a single acquisition without MT irradiation (flip angle of 3°) was utilized to calculate the MTR. The Kfor and T1free constants were quantified on a pixel-by-pixel basis and parametric maps were reconstructed. We performed 226 measurements of Kfor, T1free, and the MTR on normal white matter (NWM) of healthy volunteers (n=50), and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and pathological brain areas of MS patients (n=120 and 56, respectively). Correlation coefficients between Kfor–MTR, T1free–MTR, and T1free–Kfor were calculated. Lesions were classified, according to their characteristics on T1-weighted images, into isointense (compared to white matter), mildly hypointense (showing signal intensity lower than white matter and higher than gray matter), and severely hypointense (revealing signal intensity lower than gray matter). “Dirty” white matter (DWM) corresponded to areas with diffused high signal, as identified on T2-weighted images. Strong correlation coefficients were obtained between MTR and Kfor for all lesions studied (r2=0.9, p<0.0001), for mildly hypointense plaques (r2=0.82, p<0.0001), and for DWM (r2=0.78, p=0.0007). In contrast, comparison between MTR and T1free values yielded rather low correlation coefficients for all groups assessed. In severely hypointense lesions, an excellent correlation was found between Kfor and T1free measurements (r2=0.98, p<0.0001). Strong correlations between Kfor and T1free were found for the rest of the subgroups, except for the NAWM, in which a moderate correlation was obtained (r2=0.5, p<0.0001). We conclude that Kfor and T1free measurements are feasible and may improve our understanding of the pathological brain changes that occur in MS patients. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Karampekios, Spyros [verfasserIn] Papanikolaou, Nickolas Papadaki, Eufrosini Maris, Thomas Uffman, Kai Spilioti, Martha Plaitakis, Andreas Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2005

Schlagwörter:	Multiple Sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis Patient Flip Angle Expand Disability Status Scale Magnetization Transfer

Anmerkung:	© Springer-Verlag 2005

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Neuroradiology - Berlin : Springer, 1970, 47(2005), 3 vom: 17. Feb., Seite 189-196
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:47 ; year:2005 ; number:3 ; day:17 ; month:02 ; pages:189-196

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1007/s00234-005-1344-1

Katalog-ID:	SPR003090884

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245	1	0	\|a Quantification of magnetization transfer rate and native T1 relaxation time of the brain: correlation with magnetization transfer ratio measurements in patients with multiple sclerosis
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520			\|a Abstract The purpose of this paper is to perform quantitative measurements of the magnetization transfer rate (Kfor) and native T1 relaxation time (T1free) in the brain tissue of normal individuals and patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) by means of multiple gradient echo acquisitions, and to correlate these measurements with the magnetization transfer ratio (MTR). Quantitative magnetization transfer imaging was performed in five normal volunteers and 12 patients with relapsing–remitting MS on a 1.5 T magnetic resonance (MR) scanner. The T1 relaxation time under magnetization transfer irradiation (T1sat) was calculated by means of fitting the signal intensity over the flip angle in several 3D spoiled gradient echo acquisitions (3°, 15°, 30°, and 60°), while a single acquisition without MT irradiation (flip angle of 3°) was utilized to calculate the MTR. The Kfor and T1free constants were quantified on a pixel-by-pixel basis and parametric maps were reconstructed. We performed 226 measurements of Kfor, T1free, and the MTR on normal white matter (NWM) of healthy volunteers (n=50), and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and pathological brain areas of MS patients (n=120 and 56, respectively). Correlation coefficients between Kfor–MTR, T1free–MTR, and T1free–Kfor were calculated. Lesions were classified, according to their characteristics on T1-weighted images, into isointense (compared to white matter), mildly hypointense (showing signal intensity lower than white matter and higher than gray matter), and severely hypointense (revealing signal intensity lower than gray matter). “Dirty” white matter (DWM) corresponded to areas with diffused high signal, as identified on T2-weighted images. Strong correlation coefficients were obtained between MTR and Kfor for all lesions studied (r2=0.9, p<0.0001), for mildly hypointense plaques (r2=0.82, p<0.0001), and for DWM (r2=0.78, p=0.0007). In contrast, comparison between MTR and T1free values yielded rather low correlation coefficients for all groups assessed. In severely hypointense lesions, an excellent correlation was found between Kfor and T1free measurements (r2=0.98, p<0.0001). Strong correlations between Kfor and T1free were found for the rest of the subgroups, except for the NAWM, in which a moderate correlation was obtained (r2=0.5, p<0.0001). We conclude that Kfor and T1free measurements are feasible and may improve our understanding of the pathological brain changes that occur in MS patients.
650		4	\|a Multiple Sclerosis \|7 (dpeaa)DE-He213
650		4	\|a Multiple Sclerosis Patient \|7 (dpeaa)DE-He213
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650		4	\|a Expand Disability Status Scale \|7 (dpeaa)DE-He213
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700	1		\|a Maris, Thomas \|4 aut
700	1		\|a Uffman, Kai \|4 aut
700	1		\|a Spilioti, Martha \|4 aut
700	1		\|a Plaitakis, Andreas \|4 aut
700	1		\|a Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas \|4 aut
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publishDate	2005
allfields	10.1007/s00234-005-1344-1 doi (DE-627)SPR003090884 (SPR)s00234-005-1344-1-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Karampekios, Spyros verfasserin aut Quantification of magnetization transfer rate and native T1 relaxation time of the brain: correlation with magnetization transfer ratio measurements in patients with multiple sclerosis 2005 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Springer-Verlag 2005 Abstract The purpose of this paper is to perform quantitative measurements of the magnetization transfer rate (Kfor) and native T1 relaxation time (T1free) in the brain tissue of normal individuals and patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) by means of multiple gradient echo acquisitions, and to correlate these measurements with the magnetization transfer ratio (MTR). Quantitative magnetization transfer imaging was performed in five normal volunteers and 12 patients with relapsing–remitting MS on a 1.5 T magnetic resonance (MR) scanner. The T1 relaxation time under magnetization transfer irradiation (T1sat) was calculated by means of fitting the signal intensity over the flip angle in several 3D spoiled gradient echo acquisitions (3°, 15°, 30°, and 60°), while a single acquisition without MT irradiation (flip angle of 3°) was utilized to calculate the MTR. The Kfor and T1free constants were quantified on a pixel-by-pixel basis and parametric maps were reconstructed. We performed 226 measurements of Kfor, T1free, and the MTR on normal white matter (NWM) of healthy volunteers (n=50), and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and pathological brain areas of MS patients (n=120 and 56, respectively). Correlation coefficients between Kfor–MTR, T1free–MTR, and T1free–Kfor were calculated. Lesions were classified, according to their characteristics on T1-weighted images, into isointense (compared to white matter), mildly hypointense (showing signal intensity lower than white matter and higher than gray matter), and severely hypointense (revealing signal intensity lower than gray matter). “Dirty” white matter (DWM) corresponded to areas with diffused high signal, as identified on T2-weighted images. Strong correlation coefficients were obtained between MTR and Kfor for all lesions studied (r2=0.9, p<0.0001), for mildly hypointense plaques (r2=0.82, p<0.0001), and for DWM (r2=0.78, p=0.0007). In contrast, comparison between MTR and T1free values yielded rather low correlation coefficients for all groups assessed. In severely hypointense lesions, an excellent correlation was found between Kfor and T1free measurements (r2=0.98, p<0.0001). Strong correlations between Kfor and T1free were found for the rest of the subgroups, except for the NAWM, in which a moderate correlation was obtained (r2=0.5, p<0.0001). We conclude that Kfor and T1free measurements are feasible and may improve our understanding of the pathological brain changes that occur in MS patients. Multiple Sclerosis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Multiple Sclerosis Patient (dpeaa)DE-He213 Flip Angle (dpeaa)DE-He213 Expand Disability Status Scale (dpeaa)DE-He213 Magnetization Transfer (dpeaa)DE-He213 Papanikolaou, Nickolas aut Papadaki, Eufrosini aut Maris, Thomas aut Uffman, Kai aut Spilioti, Martha aut Plaitakis, Andreas aut Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas aut Enthalten in Neuroradiology Berlin : Springer, 1970 47(2005), 3 vom: 17. Feb., Seite 189-196 (DE-627)254638430 (DE-600)1462953-7 1432-1920 nnns volume:47 year:2005 number:3 day:17 month:02 pages:189-196 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00234-005-1344-1 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_711 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 47 2005 3 17 02 189-196
spelling	10.1007/s00234-005-1344-1 doi (DE-627)SPR003090884 (SPR)s00234-005-1344-1-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Karampekios, Spyros verfasserin aut Quantification of magnetization transfer rate and native T1 relaxation time of the brain: correlation with magnetization transfer ratio measurements in patients with multiple sclerosis 2005 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Springer-Verlag 2005 Abstract The purpose of this paper is to perform quantitative measurements of the magnetization transfer rate (Kfor) and native T1 relaxation time (T1free) in the brain tissue of normal individuals and patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) by means of multiple gradient echo acquisitions, and to correlate these measurements with the magnetization transfer ratio (MTR). Quantitative magnetization transfer imaging was performed in five normal volunteers and 12 patients with relapsing–remitting MS on a 1.5 T magnetic resonance (MR) scanner. The T1 relaxation time under magnetization transfer irradiation (T1sat) was calculated by means of fitting the signal intensity over the flip angle in several 3D spoiled gradient echo acquisitions (3°, 15°, 30°, and 60°), while a single acquisition without MT irradiation (flip angle of 3°) was utilized to calculate the MTR. The Kfor and T1free constants were quantified on a pixel-by-pixel basis and parametric maps were reconstructed. We performed 226 measurements of Kfor, T1free, and the MTR on normal white matter (NWM) of healthy volunteers (n=50), and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and pathological brain areas of MS patients (n=120 and 56, respectively). Correlation coefficients between Kfor–MTR, T1free–MTR, and T1free–Kfor were calculated. Lesions were classified, according to their characteristics on T1-weighted images, into isointense (compared to white matter), mildly hypointense (showing signal intensity lower than white matter and higher than gray matter), and severely hypointense (revealing signal intensity lower than gray matter). “Dirty” white matter (DWM) corresponded to areas with diffused high signal, as identified on T2-weighted images. Strong correlation coefficients were obtained between MTR and Kfor for all lesions studied (r2=0.9, p<0.0001), for mildly hypointense plaques (r2=0.82, p<0.0001), and for DWM (r2=0.78, p=0.0007). In contrast, comparison between MTR and T1free values yielded rather low correlation coefficients for all groups assessed. In severely hypointense lesions, an excellent correlation was found between Kfor and T1free measurements (r2=0.98, p<0.0001). Strong correlations between Kfor and T1free were found for the rest of the subgroups, except for the NAWM, in which a moderate correlation was obtained (r2=0.5, p<0.0001). We conclude that Kfor and T1free measurements are feasible and may improve our understanding of the pathological brain changes that occur in MS patients. Multiple Sclerosis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Multiple Sclerosis Patient (dpeaa)DE-He213 Flip Angle (dpeaa)DE-He213 Expand Disability Status Scale (dpeaa)DE-He213 Magnetization Transfer (dpeaa)DE-He213 Papanikolaou, Nickolas aut Papadaki, Eufrosini aut Maris, Thomas aut Uffman, Kai aut Spilioti, Martha aut Plaitakis, Andreas aut Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas aut Enthalten in Neuroradiology Berlin : Springer, 1970 47(2005), 3 vom: 17. Feb., Seite 189-196 (DE-627)254638430 (DE-600)1462953-7 1432-1920 nnns volume:47 year:2005 number:3 day:17 month:02 pages:189-196 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00234-005-1344-1 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_711 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 47 2005 3 17 02 189-196
allfields_unstemmed	10.1007/s00234-005-1344-1 doi (DE-627)SPR003090884 (SPR)s00234-005-1344-1-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Karampekios, Spyros verfasserin aut Quantification of magnetization transfer rate and native T1 relaxation time of the brain: correlation with magnetization transfer ratio measurements in patients with multiple sclerosis 2005 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Springer-Verlag 2005 Abstract The purpose of this paper is to perform quantitative measurements of the magnetization transfer rate (Kfor) and native T1 relaxation time (T1free) in the brain tissue of normal individuals and patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) by means of multiple gradient echo acquisitions, and to correlate these measurements with the magnetization transfer ratio (MTR). Quantitative magnetization transfer imaging was performed in five normal volunteers and 12 patients with relapsing–remitting MS on a 1.5 T magnetic resonance (MR) scanner. The T1 relaxation time under magnetization transfer irradiation (T1sat) was calculated by means of fitting the signal intensity over the flip angle in several 3D spoiled gradient echo acquisitions (3°, 15°, 30°, and 60°), while a single acquisition without MT irradiation (flip angle of 3°) was utilized to calculate the MTR. The Kfor and T1free constants were quantified on a pixel-by-pixel basis and parametric maps were reconstructed. We performed 226 measurements of Kfor, T1free, and the MTR on normal white matter (NWM) of healthy volunteers (n=50), and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and pathological brain areas of MS patients (n=120 and 56, respectively). Correlation coefficients between Kfor–MTR, T1free–MTR, and T1free–Kfor were calculated. Lesions were classified, according to their characteristics on T1-weighted images, into isointense (compared to white matter), mildly hypointense (showing signal intensity lower than white matter and higher than gray matter), and severely hypointense (revealing signal intensity lower than gray matter). “Dirty” white matter (DWM) corresponded to areas with diffused high signal, as identified on T2-weighted images. Strong correlation coefficients were obtained between MTR and Kfor for all lesions studied (r2=0.9, p<0.0001), for mildly hypointense plaques (r2=0.82, p<0.0001), and for DWM (r2=0.78, p=0.0007). In contrast, comparison between MTR and T1free values yielded rather low correlation coefficients for all groups assessed. In severely hypointense lesions, an excellent correlation was found between Kfor and T1free measurements (r2=0.98, p<0.0001). Strong correlations between Kfor and T1free were found for the rest of the subgroups, except for the NAWM, in which a moderate correlation was obtained (r2=0.5, p<0.0001). We conclude that Kfor and T1free measurements are feasible and may improve our understanding of the pathological brain changes that occur in MS patients. Multiple Sclerosis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Multiple Sclerosis Patient (dpeaa)DE-He213 Flip Angle (dpeaa)DE-He213 Expand Disability Status Scale (dpeaa)DE-He213 Magnetization Transfer (dpeaa)DE-He213 Papanikolaou, Nickolas aut Papadaki, Eufrosini aut Maris, Thomas aut Uffman, Kai aut Spilioti, Martha aut Plaitakis, Andreas aut Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas aut Enthalten in Neuroradiology Berlin : Springer, 1970 47(2005), 3 vom: 17. Feb., Seite 189-196 (DE-627)254638430 (DE-600)1462953-7 1432-1920 nnns volume:47 year:2005 number:3 day:17 month:02 pages:189-196 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00234-005-1344-1 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_711 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 47 2005 3 17 02 189-196
allfieldsGer	10.1007/s00234-005-1344-1 doi (DE-627)SPR003090884 (SPR)s00234-005-1344-1-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Karampekios, Spyros verfasserin aut Quantification of magnetization transfer rate and native T1 relaxation time of the brain: correlation with magnetization transfer ratio measurements in patients with multiple sclerosis 2005 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Springer-Verlag 2005 Abstract The purpose of this paper is to perform quantitative measurements of the magnetization transfer rate (Kfor) and native T1 relaxation time (T1free) in the brain tissue of normal individuals and patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) by means of multiple gradient echo acquisitions, and to correlate these measurements with the magnetization transfer ratio (MTR). Quantitative magnetization transfer imaging was performed in five normal volunteers and 12 patients with relapsing–remitting MS on a 1.5 T magnetic resonance (MR) scanner. The T1 relaxation time under magnetization transfer irradiation (T1sat) was calculated by means of fitting the signal intensity over the flip angle in several 3D spoiled gradient echo acquisitions (3°, 15°, 30°, and 60°), while a single acquisition without MT irradiation (flip angle of 3°) was utilized to calculate the MTR. The Kfor and T1free constants were quantified on a pixel-by-pixel basis and parametric maps were reconstructed. We performed 226 measurements of Kfor, T1free, and the MTR on normal white matter (NWM) of healthy volunteers (n=50), and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and pathological brain areas of MS patients (n=120 and 56, respectively). Correlation coefficients between Kfor–MTR, T1free–MTR, and T1free–Kfor were calculated. Lesions were classified, according to their characteristics on T1-weighted images, into isointense (compared to white matter), mildly hypointense (showing signal intensity lower than white matter and higher than gray matter), and severely hypointense (revealing signal intensity lower than gray matter). “Dirty” white matter (DWM) corresponded to areas with diffused high signal, as identified on T2-weighted images. Strong correlation coefficients were obtained between MTR and Kfor for all lesions studied (r2=0.9, p<0.0001), for mildly hypointense plaques (r2=0.82, p<0.0001), and for DWM (r2=0.78, p=0.0007). In contrast, comparison between MTR and T1free values yielded rather low correlation coefficients for all groups assessed. In severely hypointense lesions, an excellent correlation was found between Kfor and T1free measurements (r2=0.98, p<0.0001). Strong correlations between Kfor and T1free were found for the rest of the subgroups, except for the NAWM, in which a moderate correlation was obtained (r2=0.5, p<0.0001). We conclude that Kfor and T1free measurements are feasible and may improve our understanding of the pathological brain changes that occur in MS patients. Multiple Sclerosis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Multiple Sclerosis Patient (dpeaa)DE-He213 Flip Angle (dpeaa)DE-He213 Expand Disability Status Scale (dpeaa)DE-He213 Magnetization Transfer (dpeaa)DE-He213 Papanikolaou, Nickolas aut Papadaki, Eufrosini aut Maris, Thomas aut Uffman, Kai aut Spilioti, Martha aut Plaitakis, Andreas aut Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas aut Enthalten in Neuroradiology Berlin : Springer, 1970 47(2005), 3 vom: 17. Feb., Seite 189-196 (DE-627)254638430 (DE-600)1462953-7 1432-1920 nnns volume:47 year:2005 number:3 day:17 month:02 pages:189-196 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00234-005-1344-1 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_711 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 47 2005 3 17 02 189-196
allfieldsSound	10.1007/s00234-005-1344-1 doi (DE-627)SPR003090884 (SPR)s00234-005-1344-1-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Karampekios, Spyros verfasserin aut Quantification of magnetization transfer rate and native T1 relaxation time of the brain: correlation with magnetization transfer ratio measurements in patients with multiple sclerosis 2005 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Springer-Verlag 2005 Abstract The purpose of this paper is to perform quantitative measurements of the magnetization transfer rate (Kfor) and native T1 relaxation time (T1free) in the brain tissue of normal individuals and patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) by means of multiple gradient echo acquisitions, and to correlate these measurements with the magnetization transfer ratio (MTR). Quantitative magnetization transfer imaging was performed in five normal volunteers and 12 patients with relapsing–remitting MS on a 1.5 T magnetic resonance (MR) scanner. The T1 relaxation time under magnetization transfer irradiation (T1sat) was calculated by means of fitting the signal intensity over the flip angle in several 3D spoiled gradient echo acquisitions (3°, 15°, 30°, and 60°), while a single acquisition without MT irradiation (flip angle of 3°) was utilized to calculate the MTR. The Kfor and T1free constants were quantified on a pixel-by-pixel basis and parametric maps were reconstructed. We performed 226 measurements of Kfor, T1free, and the MTR on normal white matter (NWM) of healthy volunteers (n=50), and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and pathological brain areas of MS patients (n=120 and 56, respectively). Correlation coefficients between Kfor–MTR, T1free–MTR, and T1free–Kfor were calculated. Lesions were classified, according to their characteristics on T1-weighted images, into isointense (compared to white matter), mildly hypointense (showing signal intensity lower than white matter and higher than gray matter), and severely hypointense (revealing signal intensity lower than gray matter). “Dirty” white matter (DWM) corresponded to areas with diffused high signal, as identified on T2-weighted images. Strong correlation coefficients were obtained between MTR and Kfor for all lesions studied (r2=0.9, p<0.0001), for mildly hypointense plaques (r2=0.82, p<0.0001), and for DWM (r2=0.78, p=0.0007). In contrast, comparison between MTR and T1free values yielded rather low correlation coefficients for all groups assessed. In severely hypointense lesions, an excellent correlation was found between Kfor and T1free measurements (r2=0.98, p<0.0001). Strong correlations between Kfor and T1free were found for the rest of the subgroups, except for the NAWM, in which a moderate correlation was obtained (r2=0.5, p<0.0001). We conclude that Kfor and T1free measurements are feasible and may improve our understanding of the pathological brain changes that occur in MS patients. Multiple Sclerosis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Multiple Sclerosis Patient (dpeaa)DE-He213 Flip Angle (dpeaa)DE-He213 Expand Disability Status Scale (dpeaa)DE-He213 Magnetization Transfer (dpeaa)DE-He213 Papanikolaou, Nickolas aut Papadaki, Eufrosini aut Maris, Thomas aut Uffman, Kai aut Spilioti, Martha aut Plaitakis, Andreas aut Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas aut Enthalten in Neuroradiology Berlin : Springer, 1970 47(2005), 3 vom: 17. Feb., Seite 189-196 (DE-627)254638430 (DE-600)1462953-7 1432-1920 nnns volume:47 year:2005 number:3 day:17 month:02 pages:189-196 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00234-005-1344-1 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_711 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 47 2005 3 17 02 189-196
language	English
source	Enthalten in Neuroradiology 47(2005), 3 vom: 17. Feb., Seite 189-196 volume:47 year:2005 number:3 day:17 month:02 pages:189-196
sourceStr	Enthalten in Neuroradiology 47(2005), 3 vom: 17. Feb., Seite 189-196 volume:47 year:2005 number:3 day:17 month:02 pages:189-196
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	Multiple Sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis Patient Flip Angle Expand Disability Status Scale Magnetization Transfer
isfreeaccess_bool	false
container_title	Neuroradiology
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Karampekios, Spyros @@aut@@ Papanikolaou, Nickolas @@aut@@ Papadaki, Eufrosini @@aut@@ Maris, Thomas @@aut@@ Uffman, Kai @@aut@@ Spilioti, Martha @@aut@@ Plaitakis, Andreas @@aut@@ Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2005-02-17T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	254638430
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Quantitative magnetization transfer imaging was performed in five normal volunteers and 12 patients with relapsing–remitting MS on a 1.5 T magnetic resonance (MR) scanner. The T1 relaxation time under magnetization transfer irradiation (T1sat) was calculated by means of fitting the signal intensity over the flip angle in several 3D spoiled gradient echo acquisitions (3°, 15°, 30°, and 60°), while a single acquisition without MT irradiation (flip angle of 3°) was utilized to calculate the MTR. The Kfor and T1free constants were quantified on a pixel-by-pixel basis and parametric maps were reconstructed. We performed 226 measurements of Kfor, T1free, and the MTR on normal white matter (NWM) of healthy volunteers (n=50), and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and pathological brain areas of MS patients (n=120 and 56, respectively). Correlation coefficients between Kfor–MTR, T1free–MTR, and T1free–Kfor were calculated. Lesions were classified, according to their characteristics on T1-weighted images, into isointense (compared to white matter), mildly hypointense (showing signal intensity lower than white matter and higher than gray matter), and severely hypointense (revealing signal intensity lower than gray matter). “Dirty” white matter (DWM) corresponded to areas with diffused high signal, as identified on T2-weighted images. Strong correlation coefficients were obtained between MTR and Kfor for all lesions studied (r2=0.9, p<0.0001), for mildly hypointense plaques (r2=0.82, p<0.0001), and for DWM (r2=0.78, p=0.0007). In contrast, comparison between MTR and T1free values yielded rather low correlation coefficients for all groups assessed. In severely hypointense lesions, an excellent correlation was found between Kfor and T1free measurements (r2=0.98, p<0.0001). Strong correlations between Kfor and T1free were found for the rest of the subgroups, except for the NAWM, in which a moderate correlation was obtained (r2=0.5, p<0.0001). We conclude that Kfor and T1free measurements are feasible and may improve our understanding of the pathological brain changes that occur in MS patients.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Multiple Sclerosis</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Multiple Sclerosis Patient</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Flip Angle</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Expand Disability Status Scale</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Magnetization Transfer</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Papanikolaou, Nickolas</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Papadaki, Eufrosini</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Maris, Thomas</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Uffman, Kai</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Spilioti, Martha</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Plaitakis, Andreas</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Enthalten in</subfield><subfield code="t">Neuroradiology</subfield><subfield code="d">Berlin : Springer, 1970</subfield><subfield code="g">47(2005), 3 vom: 17. 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author	Karampekios, Spyros
spellingShingle	Karampekios, Spyros misc Multiple Sclerosis misc Multiple Sclerosis Patient misc Flip Angle misc Expand Disability Status Scale misc Magnetization Transfer Quantification of magnetization transfer rate and native T1 relaxation time of the brain: correlation with magnetization transfer ratio measurements in patients with multiple sclerosis
authorStr	Karampekios, Spyros
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topic_title	Quantification of magnetization transfer rate and native T1 relaxation time of the brain: correlation with magnetization transfer ratio measurements in patients with multiple sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Multiple Sclerosis Patient (dpeaa)DE-He213 Flip Angle (dpeaa)DE-He213 Expand Disability Status Scale (dpeaa)DE-He213 Magnetization Transfer (dpeaa)DE-He213
topic	misc Multiple Sclerosis misc Multiple Sclerosis Patient misc Flip Angle misc Expand Disability Status Scale misc Magnetization Transfer
topic_unstemmed	misc Multiple Sclerosis misc Multiple Sclerosis Patient misc Flip Angle misc Expand Disability Status Scale misc Magnetization Transfer
topic_browse	misc Multiple Sclerosis misc Multiple Sclerosis Patient misc Flip Angle misc Expand Disability Status Scale misc Magnetization Transfer
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title	Quantification of magnetization transfer rate and native T1 relaxation time of the brain: correlation with magnetization transfer ratio measurements in patients with multiple sclerosis
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title_full	Quantification of magnetization transfer rate and native T1 relaxation time of the brain: correlation with magnetization transfer ratio measurements in patients with multiple sclerosis
author_sort	Karampekios, Spyros
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author_browse	Karampekios, Spyros Papanikolaou, Nickolas Papadaki, Eufrosini Maris, Thomas Uffman, Kai Spilioti, Martha Plaitakis, Andreas Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas
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author-letter	Karampekios, Spyros
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title_sort	quantification of magnetization transfer rate and native t1 relaxation time of the brain: correlation with magnetization transfer ratio measurements in patients with multiple sclerosis
title_auth	Quantification of magnetization transfer rate and native T1 relaxation time of the brain: correlation with magnetization transfer ratio measurements in patients with multiple sclerosis
abstract	Abstract The purpose of this paper is to perform quantitative measurements of the magnetization transfer rate (Kfor) and native T1 relaxation time (T1free) in the brain tissue of normal individuals and patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) by means of multiple gradient echo acquisitions, and to correlate these measurements with the magnetization transfer ratio (MTR). Quantitative magnetization transfer imaging was performed in five normal volunteers and 12 patients with relapsing–remitting MS on a 1.5 T magnetic resonance (MR) scanner. The T1 relaxation time under magnetization transfer irradiation (T1sat) was calculated by means of fitting the signal intensity over the flip angle in several 3D spoiled gradient echo acquisitions (3°, 15°, 30°, and 60°), while a single acquisition without MT irradiation (flip angle of 3°) was utilized to calculate the MTR. The Kfor and T1free constants were quantified on a pixel-by-pixel basis and parametric maps were reconstructed. We performed 226 measurements of Kfor, T1free, and the MTR on normal white matter (NWM) of healthy volunteers (n=50), and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and pathological brain areas of MS patients (n=120 and 56, respectively). Correlation coefficients between Kfor–MTR, T1free–MTR, and T1free–Kfor were calculated. Lesions were classified, according to their characteristics on T1-weighted images, into isointense (compared to white matter), mildly hypointense (showing signal intensity lower than white matter and higher than gray matter), and severely hypointense (revealing signal intensity lower than gray matter). “Dirty” white matter (DWM) corresponded to areas with diffused high signal, as identified on T2-weighted images. Strong correlation coefficients were obtained between MTR and Kfor for all lesions studied (r2=0.9, p<0.0001), for mildly hypointense plaques (r2=0.82, p<0.0001), and for DWM (r2=0.78, p=0.0007). In contrast, comparison between MTR and T1free values yielded rather low correlation coefficients for all groups assessed. In severely hypointense lesions, an excellent correlation was found between Kfor and T1free measurements (r2=0.98, p<0.0001). Strong correlations between Kfor and T1free were found for the rest of the subgroups, except for the NAWM, in which a moderate correlation was obtained (r2=0.5, p<0.0001). We conclude that Kfor and T1free measurements are feasible and may improve our understanding of the pathological brain changes that occur in MS patients. © Springer-Verlag 2005
abstractGer	Abstract The purpose of this paper is to perform quantitative measurements of the magnetization transfer rate (Kfor) and native T1 relaxation time (T1free) in the brain tissue of normal individuals and patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) by means of multiple gradient echo acquisitions, and to correlate these measurements with the magnetization transfer ratio (MTR). Quantitative magnetization transfer imaging was performed in five normal volunteers and 12 patients with relapsing–remitting MS on a 1.5 T magnetic resonance (MR) scanner. The T1 relaxation time under magnetization transfer irradiation (T1sat) was calculated by means of fitting the signal intensity over the flip angle in several 3D spoiled gradient echo acquisitions (3°, 15°, 30°, and 60°), while a single acquisition without MT irradiation (flip angle of 3°) was utilized to calculate the MTR. The Kfor and T1free constants were quantified on a pixel-by-pixel basis and parametric maps were reconstructed. We performed 226 measurements of Kfor, T1free, and the MTR on normal white matter (NWM) of healthy volunteers (n=50), and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and pathological brain areas of MS patients (n=120 and 56, respectively). Correlation coefficients between Kfor–MTR, T1free–MTR, and T1free–Kfor were calculated. Lesions were classified, according to their characteristics on T1-weighted images, into isointense (compared to white matter), mildly hypointense (showing signal intensity lower than white matter and higher than gray matter), and severely hypointense (revealing signal intensity lower than gray matter). “Dirty” white matter (DWM) corresponded to areas with diffused high signal, as identified on T2-weighted images. Strong correlation coefficients were obtained between MTR and Kfor for all lesions studied (r2=0.9, p<0.0001), for mildly hypointense plaques (r2=0.82, p<0.0001), and for DWM (r2=0.78, p=0.0007). In contrast, comparison between MTR and T1free values yielded rather low correlation coefficients for all groups assessed. In severely hypointense lesions, an excellent correlation was found between Kfor and T1free measurements (r2=0.98, p<0.0001). Strong correlations between Kfor and T1free were found for the rest of the subgroups, except for the NAWM, in which a moderate correlation was obtained (r2=0.5, p<0.0001). We conclude that Kfor and T1free measurements are feasible and may improve our understanding of the pathological brain changes that occur in MS patients. © Springer-Verlag 2005
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract The purpose of this paper is to perform quantitative measurements of the magnetization transfer rate (Kfor) and native T1 relaxation time (T1free) in the brain tissue of normal individuals and patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) by means of multiple gradient echo acquisitions, and to correlate these measurements with the magnetization transfer ratio (MTR). Quantitative magnetization transfer imaging was performed in five normal volunteers and 12 patients with relapsing–remitting MS on a 1.5 T magnetic resonance (MR) scanner. The T1 relaxation time under magnetization transfer irradiation (T1sat) was calculated by means of fitting the signal intensity over the flip angle in several 3D spoiled gradient echo acquisitions (3°, 15°, 30°, and 60°), while a single acquisition without MT irradiation (flip angle of 3°) was utilized to calculate the MTR. The Kfor and T1free constants were quantified on a pixel-by-pixel basis and parametric maps were reconstructed. We performed 226 measurements of Kfor, T1free, and the MTR on normal white matter (NWM) of healthy volunteers (n=50), and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and pathological brain areas of MS patients (n=120 and 56, respectively). Correlation coefficients between Kfor–MTR, T1free–MTR, and T1free–Kfor were calculated. Lesions were classified, according to their characteristics on T1-weighted images, into isointense (compared to white matter), mildly hypointense (showing signal intensity lower than white matter and higher than gray matter), and severely hypointense (revealing signal intensity lower than gray matter). “Dirty” white matter (DWM) corresponded to areas with diffused high signal, as identified on T2-weighted images. Strong correlation coefficients were obtained between MTR and Kfor for all lesions studied (r2=0.9, p<0.0001), for mildly hypointense plaques (r2=0.82, p<0.0001), and for DWM (r2=0.78, p=0.0007). In contrast, comparison between MTR and T1free values yielded rather low correlation coefficients for all groups assessed. In severely hypointense lesions, an excellent correlation was found between Kfor and T1free measurements (r2=0.98, p<0.0001). Strong correlations between Kfor and T1free were found for the rest of the subgroups, except for the NAWM, in which a moderate correlation was obtained (r2=0.5, p<0.0001). We conclude that Kfor and T1free measurements are feasible and may improve our understanding of the pathological brain changes that occur in MS patients. © Springer-Verlag 2005
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title_short	Quantification of magnetization transfer rate and native T1 relaxation time of the brain: correlation with magnetization transfer ratio measurements in patients with multiple sclerosis
url	https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00234-005-1344-1
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author2	Papanikolaou, Nickolas Papadaki, Eufrosini Maris, Thomas Uffman, Kai Spilioti, Martha Plaitakis, Andreas Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas
author2Str	Papanikolaou, Nickolas Papadaki, Eufrosini Maris, Thomas Uffman, Kai Spilioti, Martha Plaitakis, Andreas Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas
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doi_str	10.1007/s00234-005-1344-1
up_date	2024-07-03T17:13:56.316Z
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Quantification of magnetization transfer rate and native T1 relaxation time of the brain: correlation with magnetization transfer ratio measurements in patients with multiple sclerosis

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