Methanolysis of Castor Oil Catalysed by Solid Potassium and Cesium Salts of 12-Tungstophosphoric Acid

Abstract Methanolysis of castor oil to methyl esters, a key step in Biodiesel production, was studied with the use of KOH, $ H_{2} %$ SO_{4} $ and 12-tungstophosphoric acid ($ H_{3} %$ PW_{12} %$ O_{40} $, HPW) as the homogeneous catalysts. Reaction was also performed in the presence of solid salts...
Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Zieba, A. [verfasserIn] Matachowski, L. [verfasserIn] Lalik, E. [verfasserIn] Drelinkiewicz, A. [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2008

Schlagwörter:	Biodiesel Transesterification Castor oil Heteropolyacid

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Catalysis letters - Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1988, 127(2008), 1-2 vom: 07. Okt.
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:127 ; year:2008 ; number:1-2 ; day:07 ; month:10

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1007/s10562-008-9669-0

Katalog-ID:	SPR011325054

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520			\|a Abstract Methanolysis of castor oil to methyl esters, a key step in Biodiesel production, was studied with the use of KOH, $ H_{2} %$ SO_{4} $ and 12-tungstophosphoric acid ($ H_{3} %$ PW_{12} %$ O_{40} $, HPW) as the homogeneous catalysts. Reaction was also performed in the presence of solid salts of HPW, namely $ M_{x} %$ H_{3−x} %$ PW_{12} %$ O_{40,} $ where M = K or Cs and x = 2, 2.5 and 3 (abbreviated as K2, K2.5, K3 and Cs2, Cs2.5, Cs3, respectively). The HPW salts were precipitated by $ K_{2} %$ CO_{3} $ and $ Cs_{2} %$ CO_{3} $ or CsCl. Their properties were characterized by BET, electron microscopy (SEM, EDS) and colloidal particles size distribution (laser diffraction technique). The potassium doped HPW samples, K2 and K2.5, prove to be much more active catalysts (ca. 3 times) than their Cs-containing analogues. Among the K, Cs salts, K2 salt was the most active catalyst. The activity of catalysts was found to depend on preparation stages such as the temperature of drying or annealing and aging of the samples. Microscopic studies evidenced colloidal form of Cs and K salts particles under the catalytic reaction. The size of colloidal particles was found to depend upon the type of cation, $ Cs^{+} $ or $ K^{+} $, as well as the “history” of catalysts preparation (temperature of drying). Based on the results obtained in this work, we concluded that activity was determined by the accessibility of the reactants to acid sites which is facilitated by the high surface area and open structure of the colloidal form. This may lead to better utilization of acid sites and higher activity of samples with lower content of $ K^{+} $ or $ Cs^{+} $ cations in the HPW.
650		4	\|a Biodiesel \|7 (dpeaa)DE-He213
650		4	\|a Transesterification \|7 (dpeaa)DE-He213
650		4	\|a Castor oil \|7 (dpeaa)DE-He213
650		4	\|a Heteropolyacid \|7 (dpeaa)DE-He213
700	1		\|a Matachowski, L. \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	1		\|a Lalik, E. \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	1		\|a Drelinkiewicz, A. \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
773	0	8	\|i Enthalten in \|t Catalysis letters \|d Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1988 \|g 127(2008), 1-2 vom: 07. Okt. \|w (DE-627)306717638 \|w (DE-600)1501518-X \|x 1572-879X \|7 nnns
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856	4	0	\|u https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10562-008-9669-0 \|z lizenzpflichtig \|3 Volltext
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912			\|a GBV_ILN_70
912			\|a GBV_ILN_73
912			\|a GBV_ILN_74
912			\|a GBV_ILN_90
912			\|a GBV_ILN_95
912			\|a GBV_ILN_100
912			\|a GBV_ILN_101
912			\|a GBV_ILN_105
912			\|a GBV_ILN_110
912			\|a GBV_ILN_120
912			\|a GBV_ILN_138
912			\|a GBV_ILN_150
912			\|a GBV_ILN_151
912			\|a GBV_ILN_152
912			\|a GBV_ILN_161
912			\|a GBV_ILN_170
912			\|a GBV_ILN_171
912			\|a GBV_ILN_187
912			\|a GBV_ILN_213
912			\|a GBV_ILN_224
912			\|a GBV_ILN_230
912			\|a GBV_ILN_250
912			\|a GBV_ILN_281
912			\|a GBV_ILN_285
912			\|a GBV_ILN_293
912			\|a GBV_ILN_370
912			\|a GBV_ILN_602
912			\|a GBV_ILN_636
912			\|a GBV_ILN_702
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2001
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2003
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2004
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2005
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2006
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2007
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2008
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2009
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2010
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2011
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2014
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2015
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2020
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2021
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2025
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2026
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2027
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2031
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2034
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2037
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2038
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2039
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2044
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2048
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2049
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2050
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2055
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2057
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2059
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2061
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2064
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2065
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2068
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2070
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2086
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2088
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2093
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2106
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912			\|a GBV_ILN_4333
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4334
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4335
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936	b	k	\|a 35.17 \|q ASE
951			\|a AR
952			\|d 127 \|j 2008 \|e 1-2 \|b 07 \|c 10

Indexfelder

author_variant	a z az l m lm e l el a d ad
matchkey_str	article:1572879X:2008----::ehnlssfatrictlsdyoiptsimncsusls
hierarchy_sort_str	2008
bklnumber	35.17
publishDate	2008
allfields	10.1007/s10562-008-9669-0 doi (DE-627)SPR011325054 (SPR)s10562-008-9669-0-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 660 ASE 35.17 bkl Zieba, A. verfasserin aut Methanolysis of Castor Oil Catalysed by Solid Potassium and Cesium Salts of 12-Tungstophosphoric Acid 2008 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Methanolysis of castor oil to methyl esters, a key step in Biodiesel production, was studied with the use of KOH, $ H_{2} %$ SO_{4} $ and 12-tungstophosphoric acid ($ H_{3} %$ PW_{12} %$ O_{40} $, HPW) as the homogeneous catalysts. Reaction was also performed in the presence of solid salts of HPW, namely $ M_{x} %$ H_{3−x} %$ PW_{12} %$ O_{40,} $ where M = K or Cs and x = 2, 2.5 and 3 (abbreviated as K2, K2.5, K3 and Cs2, Cs2.5, Cs3, respectively). The HPW salts were precipitated by $ K_{2} %$ CO_{3} $ and $ Cs_{2} %$ CO_{3} $ or CsCl. Their properties were characterized by BET, electron microscopy (SEM, EDS) and colloidal particles size distribution (laser diffraction technique). The potassium doped HPW samples, K2 and K2.5, prove to be much more active catalysts (ca. 3 times) than their Cs-containing analogues. Among the K, Cs salts, K2 salt was the most active catalyst. The activity of catalysts was found to depend on preparation stages such as the temperature of drying or annealing and aging of the samples. Microscopic studies evidenced colloidal form of Cs and K salts particles under the catalytic reaction. The size of colloidal particles was found to depend upon the type of cation, $ Cs^{+} $ or $ K^{+} $, as well as the “history” of catalysts preparation (temperature of drying). Based on the results obtained in this work, we concluded that activity was determined by the accessibility of the reactants to acid sites which is facilitated by the high surface area and open structure of the colloidal form. This may lead to better utilization of acid sites and higher activity of samples with lower content of $ K^{+} $ or $ Cs^{+} $ cations in the HPW. Biodiesel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Transesterification (dpeaa)DE-He213 Castor oil (dpeaa)DE-He213 Heteropolyacid (dpeaa)DE-He213 Matachowski, L. verfasserin aut Lalik, E. verfasserin aut Drelinkiewicz, A. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Catalysis letters Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1988 127(2008), 1-2 vom: 07. Okt. (DE-627)306717638 (DE-600)1501518-X 1572-879X nnns volume:127 year:2008 number:1-2 day:07 month:10 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10562-008-9669-0 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 35.17 ASE AR 127 2008 1-2 07 10
spelling	10.1007/s10562-008-9669-0 doi (DE-627)SPR011325054 (SPR)s10562-008-9669-0-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 660 ASE 35.17 bkl Zieba, A. verfasserin aut Methanolysis of Castor Oil Catalysed by Solid Potassium and Cesium Salts of 12-Tungstophosphoric Acid 2008 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Methanolysis of castor oil to methyl esters, a key step in Biodiesel production, was studied with the use of KOH, $ H_{2} %$ SO_{4} $ and 12-tungstophosphoric acid ($ H_{3} %$ PW_{12} %$ O_{40} $, HPW) as the homogeneous catalysts. Reaction was also performed in the presence of solid salts of HPW, namely $ M_{x} %$ H_{3−x} %$ PW_{12} %$ O_{40,} $ where M = K or Cs and x = 2, 2.5 and 3 (abbreviated as K2, K2.5, K3 and Cs2, Cs2.5, Cs3, respectively). The HPW salts were precipitated by $ K_{2} %$ CO_{3} $ and $ Cs_{2} %$ CO_{3} $ or CsCl. Their properties were characterized by BET, electron microscopy (SEM, EDS) and colloidal particles size distribution (laser diffraction technique). The potassium doped HPW samples, K2 and K2.5, prove to be much more active catalysts (ca. 3 times) than their Cs-containing analogues. Among the K, Cs salts, K2 salt was the most active catalyst. The activity of catalysts was found to depend on preparation stages such as the temperature of drying or annealing and aging of the samples. Microscopic studies evidenced colloidal form of Cs and K salts particles under the catalytic reaction. The size of colloidal particles was found to depend upon the type of cation, $ Cs^{+} $ or $ K^{+} $, as well as the “history” of catalysts preparation (temperature of drying). Based on the results obtained in this work, we concluded that activity was determined by the accessibility of the reactants to acid sites which is facilitated by the high surface area and open structure of the colloidal form. This may lead to better utilization of acid sites and higher activity of samples with lower content of $ K^{+} $ or $ Cs^{+} $ cations in the HPW. Biodiesel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Transesterification (dpeaa)DE-He213 Castor oil (dpeaa)DE-He213 Heteropolyacid (dpeaa)DE-He213 Matachowski, L. verfasserin aut Lalik, E. verfasserin aut Drelinkiewicz, A. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Catalysis letters Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1988 127(2008), 1-2 vom: 07. Okt. (DE-627)306717638 (DE-600)1501518-X 1572-879X nnns volume:127 year:2008 number:1-2 day:07 month:10 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10562-008-9669-0 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 35.17 ASE AR 127 2008 1-2 07 10
allfields_unstemmed	10.1007/s10562-008-9669-0 doi (DE-627)SPR011325054 (SPR)s10562-008-9669-0-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 660 ASE 35.17 bkl Zieba, A. verfasserin aut Methanolysis of Castor Oil Catalysed by Solid Potassium and Cesium Salts of 12-Tungstophosphoric Acid 2008 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Methanolysis of castor oil to methyl esters, a key step in Biodiesel production, was studied with the use of KOH, $ H_{2} %$ SO_{4} $ and 12-tungstophosphoric acid ($ H_{3} %$ PW_{12} %$ O_{40} $, HPW) as the homogeneous catalysts. Reaction was also performed in the presence of solid salts of HPW, namely $ M_{x} %$ H_{3−x} %$ PW_{12} %$ O_{40,} $ where M = K or Cs and x = 2, 2.5 and 3 (abbreviated as K2, K2.5, K3 and Cs2, Cs2.5, Cs3, respectively). The HPW salts were precipitated by $ K_{2} %$ CO_{3} $ and $ Cs_{2} %$ CO_{3} $ or CsCl. Their properties were characterized by BET, electron microscopy (SEM, EDS) and colloidal particles size distribution (laser diffraction technique). The potassium doped HPW samples, K2 and K2.5, prove to be much more active catalysts (ca. 3 times) than their Cs-containing analogues. Among the K, Cs salts, K2 salt was the most active catalyst. The activity of catalysts was found to depend on preparation stages such as the temperature of drying or annealing and aging of the samples. Microscopic studies evidenced colloidal form of Cs and K salts particles under the catalytic reaction. The size of colloidal particles was found to depend upon the type of cation, $ Cs^{+} $ or $ K^{+} $, as well as the “history” of catalysts preparation (temperature of drying). Based on the results obtained in this work, we concluded that activity was determined by the accessibility of the reactants to acid sites which is facilitated by the high surface area and open structure of the colloidal form. This may lead to better utilization of acid sites and higher activity of samples with lower content of $ K^{+} $ or $ Cs^{+} $ cations in the HPW. Biodiesel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Transesterification (dpeaa)DE-He213 Castor oil (dpeaa)DE-He213 Heteropolyacid (dpeaa)DE-He213 Matachowski, L. verfasserin aut Lalik, E. verfasserin aut Drelinkiewicz, A. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Catalysis letters Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1988 127(2008), 1-2 vom: 07. Okt. (DE-627)306717638 (DE-600)1501518-X 1572-879X nnns volume:127 year:2008 number:1-2 day:07 month:10 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10562-008-9669-0 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 35.17 ASE AR 127 2008 1-2 07 10
allfieldsGer	10.1007/s10562-008-9669-0 doi (DE-627)SPR011325054 (SPR)s10562-008-9669-0-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 660 ASE 35.17 bkl Zieba, A. verfasserin aut Methanolysis of Castor Oil Catalysed by Solid Potassium and Cesium Salts of 12-Tungstophosphoric Acid 2008 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Methanolysis of castor oil to methyl esters, a key step in Biodiesel production, was studied with the use of KOH, $ H_{2} %$ SO_{4} $ and 12-tungstophosphoric acid ($ H_{3} %$ PW_{12} %$ O_{40} $, HPW) as the homogeneous catalysts. Reaction was also performed in the presence of solid salts of HPW, namely $ M_{x} %$ H_{3−x} %$ PW_{12} %$ O_{40,} $ where M = K or Cs and x = 2, 2.5 and 3 (abbreviated as K2, K2.5, K3 and Cs2, Cs2.5, Cs3, respectively). The HPW salts were precipitated by $ K_{2} %$ CO_{3} $ and $ Cs_{2} %$ CO_{3} $ or CsCl. Their properties were characterized by BET, electron microscopy (SEM, EDS) and colloidal particles size distribution (laser diffraction technique). The potassium doped HPW samples, K2 and K2.5, prove to be much more active catalysts (ca. 3 times) than their Cs-containing analogues. Among the K, Cs salts, K2 salt was the most active catalyst. The activity of catalysts was found to depend on preparation stages such as the temperature of drying or annealing and aging of the samples. Microscopic studies evidenced colloidal form of Cs and K salts particles under the catalytic reaction. The size of colloidal particles was found to depend upon the type of cation, $ Cs^{+} $ or $ K^{+} $, as well as the “history” of catalysts preparation (temperature of drying). Based on the results obtained in this work, we concluded that activity was determined by the accessibility of the reactants to acid sites which is facilitated by the high surface area and open structure of the colloidal form. This may lead to better utilization of acid sites and higher activity of samples with lower content of $ K^{+} $ or $ Cs^{+} $ cations in the HPW. Biodiesel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Transesterification (dpeaa)DE-He213 Castor oil (dpeaa)DE-He213 Heteropolyacid (dpeaa)DE-He213 Matachowski, L. verfasserin aut Lalik, E. verfasserin aut Drelinkiewicz, A. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Catalysis letters Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1988 127(2008), 1-2 vom: 07. Okt. (DE-627)306717638 (DE-600)1501518-X 1572-879X nnns volume:127 year:2008 number:1-2 day:07 month:10 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10562-008-9669-0 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 35.17 ASE AR 127 2008 1-2 07 10
allfieldsSound	10.1007/s10562-008-9669-0 doi (DE-627)SPR011325054 (SPR)s10562-008-9669-0-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 660 ASE 35.17 bkl Zieba, A. verfasserin aut Methanolysis of Castor Oil Catalysed by Solid Potassium and Cesium Salts of 12-Tungstophosphoric Acid 2008 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Methanolysis of castor oil to methyl esters, a key step in Biodiesel production, was studied with the use of KOH, $ H_{2} %$ SO_{4} $ and 12-tungstophosphoric acid ($ H_{3} %$ PW_{12} %$ O_{40} $, HPW) as the homogeneous catalysts. Reaction was also performed in the presence of solid salts of HPW, namely $ M_{x} %$ H_{3−x} %$ PW_{12} %$ O_{40,} $ where M = K or Cs and x = 2, 2.5 and 3 (abbreviated as K2, K2.5, K3 and Cs2, Cs2.5, Cs3, respectively). The HPW salts were precipitated by $ K_{2} %$ CO_{3} $ and $ Cs_{2} %$ CO_{3} $ or CsCl. Their properties were characterized by BET, electron microscopy (SEM, EDS) and colloidal particles size distribution (laser diffraction technique). The potassium doped HPW samples, K2 and K2.5, prove to be much more active catalysts (ca. 3 times) than their Cs-containing analogues. Among the K, Cs salts, K2 salt was the most active catalyst. The activity of catalysts was found to depend on preparation stages such as the temperature of drying or annealing and aging of the samples. Microscopic studies evidenced colloidal form of Cs and K salts particles under the catalytic reaction. The size of colloidal particles was found to depend upon the type of cation, $ Cs^{+} $ or $ K^{+} $, as well as the “history” of catalysts preparation (temperature of drying). Based on the results obtained in this work, we concluded that activity was determined by the accessibility of the reactants to acid sites which is facilitated by the high surface area and open structure of the colloidal form. This may lead to better utilization of acid sites and higher activity of samples with lower content of $ K^{+} $ or $ Cs^{+} $ cations in the HPW. Biodiesel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Transesterification (dpeaa)DE-He213 Castor oil (dpeaa)DE-He213 Heteropolyacid (dpeaa)DE-He213 Matachowski, L. verfasserin aut Lalik, E. verfasserin aut Drelinkiewicz, A. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Catalysis letters Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1988 127(2008), 1-2 vom: 07. Okt. (DE-627)306717638 (DE-600)1501518-X 1572-879X nnns volume:127 year:2008 number:1-2 day:07 month:10 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10562-008-9669-0 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 35.17 ASE AR 127 2008 1-2 07 10
language	English
source	Enthalten in Catalysis letters 127(2008), 1-2 vom: 07. Okt. volume:127 year:2008 number:1-2 day:07 month:10
sourceStr	Enthalten in Catalysis letters 127(2008), 1-2 vom: 07. Okt. volume:127 year:2008 number:1-2 day:07 month:10
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	Biodiesel Transesterification Castor oil Heteropolyacid
dewey-raw	540
isfreeaccess_bool	false
container_title	Catalysis letters
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Zieba, A. @@aut@@ Matachowski, L. @@aut@@ Lalik, E. @@aut@@ Drelinkiewicz, A. @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2008-10-07T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	306717638
dewey-sort	3540
id	SPR011325054
language_de	englisch
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Reaction was also performed in the presence of solid salts of HPW, namely $ M_{x} %$ H_{3−x} %$ PW_{12} %$ O_{40,} $ where M = K or Cs and x = 2, 2.5 and 3 (abbreviated as K2, K2.5, K3 and Cs2, Cs2.5, Cs3, respectively). The HPW salts were precipitated by $ K_{2} %$ CO_{3} $ and $ Cs_{2} %$ CO_{3} $ or CsCl. Their properties were characterized by BET, electron microscopy (SEM, EDS) and colloidal particles size distribution (laser diffraction technique). The potassium doped HPW samples, K2 and K2.5, prove to be much more active catalysts (ca. 3 times) than their Cs-containing analogues. Among the K, Cs salts, K2 salt was the most active catalyst. The activity of catalysts was found to depend on preparation stages such as the temperature of drying or annealing and aging of the samples. Microscopic studies evidenced colloidal form of Cs and K salts particles under the catalytic reaction. The size of colloidal particles was found to depend upon the type of cation, $ Cs^{+} $ or $ K^{+} $, as well as the “history” of catalysts preparation (temperature of drying). Based on the results obtained in this work, we concluded that activity was determined by the accessibility of the reactants to acid sites which is facilitated by the high surface area and open structure of the colloidal form. 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author	Zieba, A.
spellingShingle	Zieba, A. ddc 540 bkl 35.17 misc Biodiesel misc Transesterification misc Castor oil misc Heteropolyacid Methanolysis of Castor Oil Catalysed by Solid Potassium and Cesium Salts of 12-Tungstophosphoric Acid
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topic_title	540 660 ASE 35.17 bkl Methanolysis of Castor Oil Catalysed by Solid Potassium and Cesium Salts of 12-Tungstophosphoric Acid Biodiesel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Transesterification (dpeaa)DE-He213 Castor oil (dpeaa)DE-He213 Heteropolyacid (dpeaa)DE-He213
topic	ddc 540 bkl 35.17 misc Biodiesel misc Transesterification misc Castor oil misc Heteropolyacid
topic_unstemmed	ddc 540 bkl 35.17 misc Biodiesel misc Transesterification misc Castor oil misc Heteropolyacid
topic_browse	ddc 540 bkl 35.17 misc Biodiesel misc Transesterification misc Castor oil misc Heteropolyacid
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title	Methanolysis of Castor Oil Catalysed by Solid Potassium and Cesium Salts of 12-Tungstophosphoric Acid
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title_full	Methanolysis of Castor Oil Catalysed by Solid Potassium and Cesium Salts of 12-Tungstophosphoric Acid
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title_sort	methanolysis of castor oil catalysed by solid potassium and cesium salts of 12-tungstophosphoric acid
title_auth	Methanolysis of Castor Oil Catalysed by Solid Potassium and Cesium Salts of 12-Tungstophosphoric Acid
abstract	Abstract Methanolysis of castor oil to methyl esters, a key step in Biodiesel production, was studied with the use of KOH, $ H_{2} %$ SO_{4} $ and 12-tungstophosphoric acid ($ H_{3} %$ PW_{12} %$ O_{40} $, HPW) as the homogeneous catalysts. Reaction was also performed in the presence of solid salts of HPW, namely $ M_{x} %$ H_{3−x} %$ PW_{12} %$ O_{40,} $ where M = K or Cs and x = 2, 2.5 and 3 (abbreviated as K2, K2.5, K3 and Cs2, Cs2.5, Cs3, respectively). The HPW salts were precipitated by $ K_{2} %$ CO_{3} $ and $ Cs_{2} %$ CO_{3} $ or CsCl. Their properties were characterized by BET, electron microscopy (SEM, EDS) and colloidal particles size distribution (laser diffraction technique). The potassium doped HPW samples, K2 and K2.5, prove to be much more active catalysts (ca. 3 times) than their Cs-containing analogues. Among the K, Cs salts, K2 salt was the most active catalyst. The activity of catalysts was found to depend on preparation stages such as the temperature of drying or annealing and aging of the samples. Microscopic studies evidenced colloidal form of Cs and K salts particles under the catalytic reaction. The size of colloidal particles was found to depend upon the type of cation, $ Cs^{+} $ or $ K^{+} $, as well as the “history” of catalysts preparation (temperature of drying). Based on the results obtained in this work, we concluded that activity was determined by the accessibility of the reactants to acid sites which is facilitated by the high surface area and open structure of the colloidal form. This may lead to better utilization of acid sites and higher activity of samples with lower content of $ K^{+} $ or $ Cs^{+} $ cations in the HPW.
abstractGer	Abstract Methanolysis of castor oil to methyl esters, a key step in Biodiesel production, was studied with the use of KOH, $ H_{2} %$ SO_{4} $ and 12-tungstophosphoric acid ($ H_{3} %$ PW_{12} %$ O_{40} $, HPW) as the homogeneous catalysts. Reaction was also performed in the presence of solid salts of HPW, namely $ M_{x} %$ H_{3−x} %$ PW_{12} %$ O_{40,} $ where M = K or Cs and x = 2, 2.5 and 3 (abbreviated as K2, K2.5, K3 and Cs2, Cs2.5, Cs3, respectively). The HPW salts were precipitated by $ K_{2} %$ CO_{3} $ and $ Cs_{2} %$ CO_{3} $ or CsCl. Their properties were characterized by BET, electron microscopy (SEM, EDS) and colloidal particles size distribution (laser diffraction technique). The potassium doped HPW samples, K2 and K2.5, prove to be much more active catalysts (ca. 3 times) than their Cs-containing analogues. Among the K, Cs salts, K2 salt was the most active catalyst. The activity of catalysts was found to depend on preparation stages such as the temperature of drying or annealing and aging of the samples. Microscopic studies evidenced colloidal form of Cs and K salts particles under the catalytic reaction. The size of colloidal particles was found to depend upon the type of cation, $ Cs^{+} $ or $ K^{+} $, as well as the “history” of catalysts preparation (temperature of drying). Based on the results obtained in this work, we concluded that activity was determined by the accessibility of the reactants to acid sites which is facilitated by the high surface area and open structure of the colloidal form. This may lead to better utilization of acid sites and higher activity of samples with lower content of $ K^{+} $ or $ Cs^{+} $ cations in the HPW.
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract Methanolysis of castor oil to methyl esters, a key step in Biodiesel production, was studied with the use of KOH, $ H_{2} %$ SO_{4} $ and 12-tungstophosphoric acid ($ H_{3} %$ PW_{12} %$ O_{40} $, HPW) as the homogeneous catalysts. Reaction was also performed in the presence of solid salts of HPW, namely $ M_{x} %$ H_{3−x} %$ PW_{12} %$ O_{40,} $ where M = K or Cs and x = 2, 2.5 and 3 (abbreviated as K2, K2.5, K3 and Cs2, Cs2.5, Cs3, respectively). The HPW salts were precipitated by $ K_{2} %$ CO_{3} $ and $ Cs_{2} %$ CO_{3} $ or CsCl. Their properties were characterized by BET, electron microscopy (SEM, EDS) and colloidal particles size distribution (laser diffraction technique). The potassium doped HPW samples, K2 and K2.5, prove to be much more active catalysts (ca. 3 times) than their Cs-containing analogues. Among the K, Cs salts, K2 salt was the most active catalyst. The activity of catalysts was found to depend on preparation stages such as the temperature of drying or annealing and aging of the samples. Microscopic studies evidenced colloidal form of Cs and K salts particles under the catalytic reaction. The size of colloidal particles was found to depend upon the type of cation, $ Cs^{+} $ or $ K^{+} $, as well as the “history” of catalysts preparation (temperature of drying). Based on the results obtained in this work, we concluded that activity was determined by the accessibility of the reactants to acid sites which is facilitated by the high surface area and open structure of the colloidal form. This may lead to better utilization of acid sites and higher activity of samples with lower content of $ K^{+} $ or $ Cs^{+} $ cations in the HPW.
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container_issue	1-2
title_short	Methanolysis of Castor Oil Catalysed by Solid Potassium and Cesium Salts of 12-Tungstophosphoric Acid
url	https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10562-008-9669-0
remote_bool	true
author2	Matachowski, L. Lalik, E. Drelinkiewicz, A.
author2Str	Matachowski, L. Lalik, E. Drelinkiewicz, A.
ppnlink	306717638
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doi_str	10.1007/s10562-008-9669-0
up_date	2024-07-03T21:56:55.606Z
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Methanolysis of Castor Oil Catalysed by Solid Potassium and Cesium Salts of 12-Tungstophosphoric Acid

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