The influence of arsenic speciation ($ As^{III} $ & $ As^{V} $) and concentration on the growth, uptake and translocation of arsenic in vegetable crops (silverbeet and amaranth): greenhouse study
Abstract We examined arsenic (As) uptake by vegetable crops (amaranth, Amaranthusgangeticus, and silverbeet, Betavulgaris) as affected by As speciation ($ As^{III} $ and $ As^{V} $) and their concentrations in nutrient solution. Amaranth and silverbeet were grown in a nutrient solution containing fo...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Rahman, Farzana [verfasserIn] Naidu, Ravi [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2009 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Environmental geochemistry and health - Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1979, 31(2009), Suppl 1 vom: 19. Feb., Seite 115-124 |
|---|---|
| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:31 ; year:2009 ; number:Suppl 1 ; day:19 ; month:02 ; pages:115-124 |
| Links: |
|---|
| DOI / URN: |
10.1007/s10653-008-9241-2 |
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| Katalog-ID: |
SPR012355968 |
|---|
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| 100 | 1 | |a Rahman, Farzana |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 4 | |a The influence of arsenic speciation ($ As^{III} $ & $ As^{V} $) and concentration on the growth, uptake and translocation of arsenic in vegetable crops (silverbeet and amaranth): greenhouse study |
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| 520 | |a Abstract We examined arsenic (As) uptake by vegetable crops (amaranth, Amaranthusgangeticus, and silverbeet, Betavulgaris) as affected by As speciation ($ As^{III} $ and $ As^{V} $) and their concentrations in nutrient solution. Amaranth and silverbeet were grown in a nutrient solution containing four levels of arsenate ($ As^{V} $): 0, 1, 5, and 25 mg As/l and three levels of arsenite ($ As^{III} $): 0, 5, 10 mg As/l. Both $ As^{V} $ and $ As^{III} $ are phytotoxic to these crops with the latter being five times more toxic. Amaranth treated with $ As^{III} $ exhibited As toxicity symptoms within 48 h of exposure and was close to death within 1 week. However, $ As^{V} $ treatment did not show clear toxicity symptoms other than wilting and yield reduction at the highest dose rate of 25 mg $ As^{V} $/l. The main mechanism used by vegetable crops to tolerate $ As^{V} $ is probably avoidance—limiting As transport to shoots and increasing As accumulation in the root system. When $ As^{V} $ was added to the nutrient solution, the uptake of As in shoots increased and, at the highest dose (25 mg $ As^{V} $/l), 60 μg As/g DW (3.6 mg/kg FW) accumulated in the edible portion, which exceeds the WHO recommended limit for food stuffs (2 mg/kg FW) as the water contents of the crops were 94%. It is therefore important to determine the nature of the As species and their bio-accessibility. Iron treatment with 0.5 mg NaFe(III)EDTA/l dose decreased silverbeet As uptake by 45% given its affinity to bind As at the root surface or root rhizosphere and so restrict As translocation to the shoots. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Arsenic speciation |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Greenhouse study |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Vegetable crops—amaranth and silverbeet |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Yield arsenic uptake and translocation |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Naidu, Ravi |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |t Environmental geochemistry and health |d Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1979 |g 31(2009), Suppl 1 vom: 19. Feb., Seite 115-124 |w (DE-627)303390611 |w (DE-600)1494595-2 |x 1573-2983 |7 nnns |
| 773 | 1 | 8 | |g volume:31 |g year:2009 |g number:Suppl 1 |g day:19 |g month:02 |g pages:115-124 |
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10.1007/s10653-008-9241-2 doi (DE-627)SPR012355968 (SPR)s10653-008-9241-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 ASE 38.95 bkl 43.13 bkl 43.30 bkl 44.10 bkl Rahman, Farzana verfasserin aut The influence of arsenic speciation ($ As^{III} $ & $ As^{V} $) and concentration on the growth, uptake and translocation of arsenic in vegetable crops (silverbeet and amaranth): greenhouse study 2009 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract We examined arsenic (As) uptake by vegetable crops (amaranth, Amaranthusgangeticus, and silverbeet, Betavulgaris) as affected by As speciation ($ As^{III} $ and $ As^{V} $) and their concentrations in nutrient solution. Amaranth and silverbeet were grown in a nutrient solution containing four levels of arsenate ($ As^{V} $): 0, 1, 5, and 25 mg As/l and three levels of arsenite ($ As^{III} $): 0, 5, 10 mg As/l. Both $ As^{V} $ and $ As^{III} $ are phytotoxic to these crops with the latter being five times more toxic. Amaranth treated with $ As^{III} $ exhibited As toxicity symptoms within 48 h of exposure and was close to death within 1 week. However, $ As^{V} $ treatment did not show clear toxicity symptoms other than wilting and yield reduction at the highest dose rate of 25 mg $ As^{V} $/l. The main mechanism used by vegetable crops to tolerate $ As^{V} $ is probably avoidance—limiting As transport to shoots and increasing As accumulation in the root system. When $ As^{V} $ was added to the nutrient solution, the uptake of As in shoots increased and, at the highest dose (25 mg $ As^{V} $/l), 60 μg As/g DW (3.6 mg/kg FW) accumulated in the edible portion, which exceeds the WHO recommended limit for food stuffs (2 mg/kg FW) as the water contents of the crops were 94%. It is therefore important to determine the nature of the As species and their bio-accessibility. Iron treatment with 0.5 mg NaFe(III)EDTA/l dose decreased silverbeet As uptake by 45% given its affinity to bind As at the root surface or root rhizosphere and so restrict As translocation to the shoots. Arsenic speciation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Greenhouse study (dpeaa)DE-He213 Vegetable crops—amaranth and silverbeet (dpeaa)DE-He213 Yield arsenic uptake and translocation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Naidu, Ravi verfasserin aut Enthalten in Environmental geochemistry and health Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1979 31(2009), Suppl 1 vom: 19. Feb., Seite 115-124 (DE-627)303390611 (DE-600)1494595-2 1573-2983 nnns volume:31 year:2009 number:Suppl 1 day:19 month:02 pages:115-124 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10653-008-9241-2 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 38.95 ASE 43.13 ASE 43.30 ASE 44.10 ASE AR 31 2009 Suppl 1 19 02 115-124 |
| spelling |
10.1007/s10653-008-9241-2 doi (DE-627)SPR012355968 (SPR)s10653-008-9241-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 ASE 38.95 bkl 43.13 bkl 43.30 bkl 44.10 bkl Rahman, Farzana verfasserin aut The influence of arsenic speciation ($ As^{III} $ & $ As^{V} $) and concentration on the growth, uptake and translocation of arsenic in vegetable crops (silverbeet and amaranth): greenhouse study 2009 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract We examined arsenic (As) uptake by vegetable crops (amaranth, Amaranthusgangeticus, and silverbeet, Betavulgaris) as affected by As speciation ($ As^{III} $ and $ As^{V} $) and their concentrations in nutrient solution. Amaranth and silverbeet were grown in a nutrient solution containing four levels of arsenate ($ As^{V} $): 0, 1, 5, and 25 mg As/l and three levels of arsenite ($ As^{III} $): 0, 5, 10 mg As/l. Both $ As^{V} $ and $ As^{III} $ are phytotoxic to these crops with the latter being five times more toxic. Amaranth treated with $ As^{III} $ exhibited As toxicity symptoms within 48 h of exposure and was close to death within 1 week. However, $ As^{V} $ treatment did not show clear toxicity symptoms other than wilting and yield reduction at the highest dose rate of 25 mg $ As^{V} $/l. The main mechanism used by vegetable crops to tolerate $ As^{V} $ is probably avoidance—limiting As transport to shoots and increasing As accumulation in the root system. When $ As^{V} $ was added to the nutrient solution, the uptake of As in shoots increased and, at the highest dose (25 mg $ As^{V} $/l), 60 μg As/g DW (3.6 mg/kg FW) accumulated in the edible portion, which exceeds the WHO recommended limit for food stuffs (2 mg/kg FW) as the water contents of the crops were 94%. It is therefore important to determine the nature of the As species and their bio-accessibility. Iron treatment with 0.5 mg NaFe(III)EDTA/l dose decreased silverbeet As uptake by 45% given its affinity to bind As at the root surface or root rhizosphere and so restrict As translocation to the shoots. Arsenic speciation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Greenhouse study (dpeaa)DE-He213 Vegetable crops—amaranth and silverbeet (dpeaa)DE-He213 Yield arsenic uptake and translocation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Naidu, Ravi verfasserin aut Enthalten in Environmental geochemistry and health Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1979 31(2009), Suppl 1 vom: 19. Feb., Seite 115-124 (DE-627)303390611 (DE-600)1494595-2 1573-2983 nnns volume:31 year:2009 number:Suppl 1 day:19 month:02 pages:115-124 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10653-008-9241-2 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 38.95 ASE 43.13 ASE 43.30 ASE 44.10 ASE AR 31 2009 Suppl 1 19 02 115-124 |
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10.1007/s10653-008-9241-2 doi (DE-627)SPR012355968 (SPR)s10653-008-9241-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 ASE 38.95 bkl 43.13 bkl 43.30 bkl 44.10 bkl Rahman, Farzana verfasserin aut The influence of arsenic speciation ($ As^{III} $ & $ As^{V} $) and concentration on the growth, uptake and translocation of arsenic in vegetable crops (silverbeet and amaranth): greenhouse study 2009 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract We examined arsenic (As) uptake by vegetable crops (amaranth, Amaranthusgangeticus, and silverbeet, Betavulgaris) as affected by As speciation ($ As^{III} $ and $ As^{V} $) and their concentrations in nutrient solution. Amaranth and silverbeet were grown in a nutrient solution containing four levels of arsenate ($ As^{V} $): 0, 1, 5, and 25 mg As/l and three levels of arsenite ($ As^{III} $): 0, 5, 10 mg As/l. Both $ As^{V} $ and $ As^{III} $ are phytotoxic to these crops with the latter being five times more toxic. Amaranth treated with $ As^{III} $ exhibited As toxicity symptoms within 48 h of exposure and was close to death within 1 week. However, $ As^{V} $ treatment did not show clear toxicity symptoms other than wilting and yield reduction at the highest dose rate of 25 mg $ As^{V} $/l. The main mechanism used by vegetable crops to tolerate $ As^{V} $ is probably avoidance—limiting As transport to shoots and increasing As accumulation in the root system. When $ As^{V} $ was added to the nutrient solution, the uptake of As in shoots increased and, at the highest dose (25 mg $ As^{V} $/l), 60 μg As/g DW (3.6 mg/kg FW) accumulated in the edible portion, which exceeds the WHO recommended limit for food stuffs (2 mg/kg FW) as the water contents of the crops were 94%. It is therefore important to determine the nature of the As species and their bio-accessibility. Iron treatment with 0.5 mg NaFe(III)EDTA/l dose decreased silverbeet As uptake by 45% given its affinity to bind As at the root surface or root rhizosphere and so restrict As translocation to the shoots. Arsenic speciation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Greenhouse study (dpeaa)DE-He213 Vegetable crops—amaranth and silverbeet (dpeaa)DE-He213 Yield arsenic uptake and translocation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Naidu, Ravi verfasserin aut Enthalten in Environmental geochemistry and health Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1979 31(2009), Suppl 1 vom: 19. Feb., Seite 115-124 (DE-627)303390611 (DE-600)1494595-2 1573-2983 nnns volume:31 year:2009 number:Suppl 1 day:19 month:02 pages:115-124 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10653-008-9241-2 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 38.95 ASE 43.13 ASE 43.30 ASE 44.10 ASE AR 31 2009 Suppl 1 19 02 115-124 |
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10.1007/s10653-008-9241-2 doi (DE-627)SPR012355968 (SPR)s10653-008-9241-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 ASE 38.95 bkl 43.13 bkl 43.30 bkl 44.10 bkl Rahman, Farzana verfasserin aut The influence of arsenic speciation ($ As^{III} $ & $ As^{V} $) and concentration on the growth, uptake and translocation of arsenic in vegetable crops (silverbeet and amaranth): greenhouse study 2009 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract We examined arsenic (As) uptake by vegetable crops (amaranth, Amaranthusgangeticus, and silverbeet, Betavulgaris) as affected by As speciation ($ As^{III} $ and $ As^{V} $) and their concentrations in nutrient solution. Amaranth and silverbeet were grown in a nutrient solution containing four levels of arsenate ($ As^{V} $): 0, 1, 5, and 25 mg As/l and three levels of arsenite ($ As^{III} $): 0, 5, 10 mg As/l. Both $ As^{V} $ and $ As^{III} $ are phytotoxic to these crops with the latter being five times more toxic. Amaranth treated with $ As^{III} $ exhibited As toxicity symptoms within 48 h of exposure and was close to death within 1 week. However, $ As^{V} $ treatment did not show clear toxicity symptoms other than wilting and yield reduction at the highest dose rate of 25 mg $ As^{V} $/l. The main mechanism used by vegetable crops to tolerate $ As^{V} $ is probably avoidance—limiting As transport to shoots and increasing As accumulation in the root system. When $ As^{V} $ was added to the nutrient solution, the uptake of As in shoots increased and, at the highest dose (25 mg $ As^{V} $/l), 60 μg As/g DW (3.6 mg/kg FW) accumulated in the edible portion, which exceeds the WHO recommended limit for food stuffs (2 mg/kg FW) as the water contents of the crops were 94%. It is therefore important to determine the nature of the As species and their bio-accessibility. Iron treatment with 0.5 mg NaFe(III)EDTA/l dose decreased silverbeet As uptake by 45% given its affinity to bind As at the root surface or root rhizosphere and so restrict As translocation to the shoots. Arsenic speciation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Greenhouse study (dpeaa)DE-He213 Vegetable crops—amaranth and silverbeet (dpeaa)DE-He213 Yield arsenic uptake and translocation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Naidu, Ravi verfasserin aut Enthalten in Environmental geochemistry and health Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1979 31(2009), Suppl 1 vom: 19. Feb., Seite 115-124 (DE-627)303390611 (DE-600)1494595-2 1573-2983 nnns volume:31 year:2009 number:Suppl 1 day:19 month:02 pages:115-124 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10653-008-9241-2 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 38.95 ASE 43.13 ASE 43.30 ASE 44.10 ASE AR 31 2009 Suppl 1 19 02 115-124 |
| allfieldsSound |
10.1007/s10653-008-9241-2 doi (DE-627)SPR012355968 (SPR)s10653-008-9241-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 ASE 38.95 bkl 43.13 bkl 43.30 bkl 44.10 bkl Rahman, Farzana verfasserin aut The influence of arsenic speciation ($ As^{III} $ & $ As^{V} $) and concentration on the growth, uptake and translocation of arsenic in vegetable crops (silverbeet and amaranth): greenhouse study 2009 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract We examined arsenic (As) uptake by vegetable crops (amaranth, Amaranthusgangeticus, and silverbeet, Betavulgaris) as affected by As speciation ($ As^{III} $ and $ As^{V} $) and their concentrations in nutrient solution. Amaranth and silverbeet were grown in a nutrient solution containing four levels of arsenate ($ As^{V} $): 0, 1, 5, and 25 mg As/l and three levels of arsenite ($ As^{III} $): 0, 5, 10 mg As/l. Both $ As^{V} $ and $ As^{III} $ are phytotoxic to these crops with the latter being five times more toxic. Amaranth treated with $ As^{III} $ exhibited As toxicity symptoms within 48 h of exposure and was close to death within 1 week. However, $ As^{V} $ treatment did not show clear toxicity symptoms other than wilting and yield reduction at the highest dose rate of 25 mg $ As^{V} $/l. The main mechanism used by vegetable crops to tolerate $ As^{V} $ is probably avoidance—limiting As transport to shoots and increasing As accumulation in the root system. When $ As^{V} $ was added to the nutrient solution, the uptake of As in shoots increased and, at the highest dose (25 mg $ As^{V} $/l), 60 μg As/g DW (3.6 mg/kg FW) accumulated in the edible portion, which exceeds the WHO recommended limit for food stuffs (2 mg/kg FW) as the water contents of the crops were 94%. It is therefore important to determine the nature of the As species and their bio-accessibility. Iron treatment with 0.5 mg NaFe(III)EDTA/l dose decreased silverbeet As uptake by 45% given its affinity to bind As at the root surface or root rhizosphere and so restrict As translocation to the shoots. Arsenic speciation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Greenhouse study (dpeaa)DE-He213 Vegetable crops—amaranth and silverbeet (dpeaa)DE-He213 Yield arsenic uptake and translocation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Naidu, Ravi verfasserin aut Enthalten in Environmental geochemistry and health Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1979 31(2009), Suppl 1 vom: 19. Feb., Seite 115-124 (DE-627)303390611 (DE-600)1494595-2 1573-2983 nnns volume:31 year:2009 number:Suppl 1 day:19 month:02 pages:115-124 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10653-008-9241-2 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 38.95 ASE 43.13 ASE 43.30 ASE 44.10 ASE AR 31 2009 Suppl 1 19 02 115-124 |
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Enthalten in Environmental geochemistry and health 31(2009), Suppl 1 vom: 19. Feb., Seite 115-124 volume:31 year:2009 number:Suppl 1 day:19 month:02 pages:115-124 |
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Enthalten in Environmental geochemistry and health 31(2009), Suppl 1 vom: 19. Feb., Seite 115-124 volume:31 year:2009 number:Suppl 1 day:19 month:02 pages:115-124 |
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Arsenic speciation Greenhouse study Vegetable crops—amaranth and silverbeet Yield arsenic uptake and translocation |
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Environmental geochemistry and health |
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Rahman, Farzana @@aut@@ Naidu, Ravi @@aut@@ |
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2009-02-19T00:00:00Z |
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">SPR012355968</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20220110233124.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">201005s2009 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1007/s10653-008-9241-2</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)SPR012355968</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(SPR)s10653-008-9241-2-e</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">550</subfield><subfield code="q">ASE</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">38.95</subfield><subfield code="2">bkl</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">43.13</subfield><subfield code="2">bkl</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">43.30</subfield><subfield code="2">bkl</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">44.10</subfield><subfield code="2">bkl</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Rahman, Farzana</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">The influence of arsenic speciation ($ As^{III} $ & $ As^{V} $) and concentration on the growth, uptake and translocation of arsenic in vegetable crops (silverbeet and amaranth): greenhouse study</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2009</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Abstract We examined arsenic (As) uptake by vegetable crops (amaranth, Amaranthusgangeticus, and silverbeet, Betavulgaris) as affected by As speciation ($ As^{III} $ and $ As^{V} $) and their concentrations in nutrient solution. Amaranth and silverbeet were grown in a nutrient solution containing four levels of arsenate ($ As^{V} $): 0, 1, 5, and 25 mg As/l and three levels of arsenite ($ As^{III} $): 0, 5, 10 mg As/l. Both $ As^{V} $ and $ As^{III} $ are phytotoxic to these crops with the latter being five times more toxic. Amaranth treated with $ As^{III} $ exhibited As toxicity symptoms within 48 h of exposure and was close to death within 1 week. However, $ As^{V} $ treatment did not show clear toxicity symptoms other than wilting and yield reduction at the highest dose rate of 25 mg $ As^{V} $/l. The main mechanism used by vegetable crops to tolerate $ As^{V} $ is probably avoidance—limiting As transport to shoots and increasing As accumulation in the root system. When $ As^{V} $ was added to the nutrient solution, the uptake of As in shoots increased and, at the highest dose (25 mg $ As^{V} $/l), 60 μg As/g DW (3.6 mg/kg FW) accumulated in the edible portion, which exceeds the WHO recommended limit for food stuffs (2 mg/kg FW) as the water contents of the crops were 94%. It is therefore important to determine the nature of the As species and their bio-accessibility. Iron treatment with 0.5 mg NaFe(III)EDTA/l dose decreased silverbeet As uptake by 45% given its affinity to bind As at the root surface or root rhizosphere and so restrict As translocation to the shoots.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Arsenic speciation</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Greenhouse study</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Vegetable crops—amaranth and silverbeet</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Yield arsenic uptake and translocation</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Naidu, Ravi</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Enthalten in</subfield><subfield code="t">Environmental geochemistry and health</subfield><subfield code="d">Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1979</subfield><subfield code="g">31(2009), Suppl 1 vom: 19. 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Rahman, Farzana |
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The influence of arsenic speciation ($ As^{III} $ & $ As^{V} $) and concentration on the growth, uptake and translocation of arsenic in vegetable crops (silverbeet and amaranth): greenhouse study |
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The influence of arsenic speciation ($ As^{III} $ & $ As^{V} $) and concentration on the growth, uptake and translocation of arsenic in vegetable crops (silverbeet and amaranth): greenhouse study |
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Rahman, Farzana |
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Environmental geochemistry and health |
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2009 |
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Rahman, Farzana Naidu, Ravi |
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Elektronische Aufsätze |
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Rahman, Farzana |
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10.1007/s10653-008-9241-2 |
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influence of arsenic speciation ($ as^{iii} $ & $ as^{v} $) and concentration on the growth, uptake and translocation of arsenic in vegetable crops (silverbeet and amaranth): greenhouse study |
| title_auth |
The influence of arsenic speciation ($ As^{III} $ & $ As^{V} $) and concentration on the growth, uptake and translocation of arsenic in vegetable crops (silverbeet and amaranth): greenhouse study |
| abstract |
Abstract We examined arsenic (As) uptake by vegetable crops (amaranth, Amaranthusgangeticus, and silverbeet, Betavulgaris) as affected by As speciation ($ As^{III} $ and $ As^{V} $) and their concentrations in nutrient solution. Amaranth and silverbeet were grown in a nutrient solution containing four levels of arsenate ($ As^{V} $): 0, 1, 5, and 25 mg As/l and three levels of arsenite ($ As^{III} $): 0, 5, 10 mg As/l. Both $ As^{V} $ and $ As^{III} $ are phytotoxic to these crops with the latter being five times more toxic. Amaranth treated with $ As^{III} $ exhibited As toxicity symptoms within 48 h of exposure and was close to death within 1 week. However, $ As^{V} $ treatment did not show clear toxicity symptoms other than wilting and yield reduction at the highest dose rate of 25 mg $ As^{V} $/l. The main mechanism used by vegetable crops to tolerate $ As^{V} $ is probably avoidance—limiting As transport to shoots and increasing As accumulation in the root system. When $ As^{V} $ was added to the nutrient solution, the uptake of As in shoots increased and, at the highest dose (25 mg $ As^{V} $/l), 60 μg As/g DW (3.6 mg/kg FW) accumulated in the edible portion, which exceeds the WHO recommended limit for food stuffs (2 mg/kg FW) as the water contents of the crops were 94%. It is therefore important to determine the nature of the As species and their bio-accessibility. Iron treatment with 0.5 mg NaFe(III)EDTA/l dose decreased silverbeet As uptake by 45% given its affinity to bind As at the root surface or root rhizosphere and so restrict As translocation to the shoots. |
| abstractGer |
Abstract We examined arsenic (As) uptake by vegetable crops (amaranth, Amaranthusgangeticus, and silverbeet, Betavulgaris) as affected by As speciation ($ As^{III} $ and $ As^{V} $) and their concentrations in nutrient solution. Amaranth and silverbeet were grown in a nutrient solution containing four levels of arsenate ($ As^{V} $): 0, 1, 5, and 25 mg As/l and three levels of arsenite ($ As^{III} $): 0, 5, 10 mg As/l. Both $ As^{V} $ and $ As^{III} $ are phytotoxic to these crops with the latter being five times more toxic. Amaranth treated with $ As^{III} $ exhibited As toxicity symptoms within 48 h of exposure and was close to death within 1 week. However, $ As^{V} $ treatment did not show clear toxicity symptoms other than wilting and yield reduction at the highest dose rate of 25 mg $ As^{V} $/l. The main mechanism used by vegetable crops to tolerate $ As^{V} $ is probably avoidance—limiting As transport to shoots and increasing As accumulation in the root system. When $ As^{V} $ was added to the nutrient solution, the uptake of As in shoots increased and, at the highest dose (25 mg $ As^{V} $/l), 60 μg As/g DW (3.6 mg/kg FW) accumulated in the edible portion, which exceeds the WHO recommended limit for food stuffs (2 mg/kg FW) as the water contents of the crops were 94%. It is therefore important to determine the nature of the As species and their bio-accessibility. Iron treatment with 0.5 mg NaFe(III)EDTA/l dose decreased silverbeet As uptake by 45% given its affinity to bind As at the root surface or root rhizosphere and so restrict As translocation to the shoots. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Abstract We examined arsenic (As) uptake by vegetable crops (amaranth, Amaranthusgangeticus, and silverbeet, Betavulgaris) as affected by As speciation ($ As^{III} $ and $ As^{V} $) and their concentrations in nutrient solution. Amaranth and silverbeet were grown in a nutrient solution containing four levels of arsenate ($ As^{V} $): 0, 1, 5, and 25 mg As/l and three levels of arsenite ($ As^{III} $): 0, 5, 10 mg As/l. Both $ As^{V} $ and $ As^{III} $ are phytotoxic to these crops with the latter being five times more toxic. Amaranth treated with $ As^{III} $ exhibited As toxicity symptoms within 48 h of exposure and was close to death within 1 week. However, $ As^{V} $ treatment did not show clear toxicity symptoms other than wilting and yield reduction at the highest dose rate of 25 mg $ As^{V} $/l. The main mechanism used by vegetable crops to tolerate $ As^{V} $ is probably avoidance—limiting As transport to shoots and increasing As accumulation in the root system. When $ As^{V} $ was added to the nutrient solution, the uptake of As in shoots increased and, at the highest dose (25 mg $ As^{V} $/l), 60 μg As/g DW (3.6 mg/kg FW) accumulated in the edible portion, which exceeds the WHO recommended limit for food stuffs (2 mg/kg FW) as the water contents of the crops were 94%. It is therefore important to determine the nature of the As species and their bio-accessibility. Iron treatment with 0.5 mg NaFe(III)EDTA/l dose decreased silverbeet As uptake by 45% given its affinity to bind As at the root surface or root rhizosphere and so restrict As translocation to the shoots. |
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Suppl 1 |
| title_short |
The influence of arsenic speciation ($ As^{III} $ & $ As^{V} $) and concentration on the growth, uptake and translocation of arsenic in vegetable crops (silverbeet and amaranth): greenhouse study |
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| score |
7.3985777 |