Degradation of the cyanotoxin microcystin-LR using iron-based photocatalysts under visible light illumination
Abstract In this study, a simple and low-cost method to synthesize iron(III) oxide nanopowders in large quantity was successfully developed for the photocatalytic degradation of microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Two visible light-active iron(III) oxide samples (MG-9 calcined at 200 °C for 5 h and MG-11 calcin...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Han, Changseok [verfasserIn] Machala, Libor [verfasserIn] Medrik, Ivo [verfasserIn] Prucek, Robert [verfasserIn] Kralchevska, Radina P. [verfasserIn] Dionysiou, Dionysios D. [verfasserIn] |
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Format: |
E-Artikel |
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Sprache: |
Englisch |
Erschienen: |
2017 |
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Schlagwörter: |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Environmental science and pollution research - Berlin : Springer, 1994, 24(2017), 23 vom: 04. Juli, Seite 19435-19443 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:24 ; year:2017 ; number:23 ; day:04 ; month:07 ; pages:19435-19443 |
Links: |
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DOI / URN: |
10.1007/s11356-017-9566-4 |
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Katalog-ID: |
SPR019401833 |
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245 | 1 | 0 | |a Degradation of the cyanotoxin microcystin-LR using iron-based photocatalysts under visible light illumination |
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520 | |a Abstract In this study, a simple and low-cost method to synthesize iron(III) oxide nanopowders in large quantity was successfully developed for the photocatalytic degradation of microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Two visible light-active iron(III) oxide samples (MG-9 calcined at 200 °C for 5 h and MG-11 calcined at 180 °C for 16 h) with a particle size of 5–20 nm were prepared via thermal decomposition of ferrous oxalate dihydrate in air without any other modifications such as doping. The synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area analysis, and UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The samples exhibited similar phase composition (a mixture of α-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and γ-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $), particle size distribution (5–20 nm), particle morphology, and degree of agglomeration, but different specific surface areas (234 $ m^{2} $ $ g^{−1} $ for MG-9 and 207 $ m^{2} $ $ g^{−1} $ for MG-11). The results confirmed higher photocatalytic activity of the catalyst with higher specific surface area. The highest photocatalytic activity of the sample to decompose MC-LR was observed at solution pH of 3.0 and catalyst loading of 0.5 g $ L^{−1} $ due to large amount of MC-LR adsorption, but a little iron dissolution of 0.0065 wt% was observed. However, no iron leaching was observed at pH 5.8 even though the overall MC-LR removal was slightly lower than at pH 3.0. Thus, the pH 5.8 could be an appropriate operating condition for the catalyst to avoid problems of iron contamination by the catalyst. Moreover, magnetic behavior of γ-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $ gives a possibility for an easy separation of the catalyst particles after their use. | ||
650 | 4 | |a Microcystin |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
650 | 4 | |a Mössbauer spectroscopy |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
650 | 4 | |a Photocatalysis |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
650 | 4 | |a Iron oxide |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
650 | 4 | |a Water treatment |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
700 | 1 | |a Machala, Libor |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Medrik, Ivo |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Prucek, Robert |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Kralchevska, Radina P. |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Dionysiou, Dionysios D. |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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10.1007/s11356-017-9566-4 doi (DE-627)SPR019401833 (SPR)s11356-017-9566-4-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 333.7 690 ASE 43.00 bkl 43.50 bkl 58.50 bkl Han, Changseok verfasserin aut Degradation of the cyanotoxin microcystin-LR using iron-based photocatalysts under visible light illumination 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract In this study, a simple and low-cost method to synthesize iron(III) oxide nanopowders in large quantity was successfully developed for the photocatalytic degradation of microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Two visible light-active iron(III) oxide samples (MG-9 calcined at 200 °C for 5 h and MG-11 calcined at 180 °C for 16 h) with a particle size of 5–20 nm were prepared via thermal decomposition of ferrous oxalate dihydrate in air without any other modifications such as doping. The synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area analysis, and UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The samples exhibited similar phase composition (a mixture of α-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and γ-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $), particle size distribution (5–20 nm), particle morphology, and degree of agglomeration, but different specific surface areas (234 $ m^{2} $ $ g^{−1} $ for MG-9 and 207 $ m^{2} $ $ g^{−1} $ for MG-11). The results confirmed higher photocatalytic activity of the catalyst with higher specific surface area. The highest photocatalytic activity of the sample to decompose MC-LR was observed at solution pH of 3.0 and catalyst loading of 0.5 g $ L^{−1} $ due to large amount of MC-LR adsorption, but a little iron dissolution of 0.0065 wt% was observed. However, no iron leaching was observed at pH 5.8 even though the overall MC-LR removal was slightly lower than at pH 3.0. Thus, the pH 5.8 could be an appropriate operating condition for the catalyst to avoid problems of iron contamination by the catalyst. Moreover, magnetic behavior of γ-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $ gives a possibility for an easy separation of the catalyst particles after their use. Microcystin (dpeaa)DE-He213 Mössbauer spectroscopy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Photocatalysis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Iron oxide (dpeaa)DE-He213 Water treatment (dpeaa)DE-He213 Machala, Libor verfasserin aut Medrik, Ivo verfasserin aut Prucek, Robert verfasserin aut Kralchevska, Radina P. verfasserin aut Dionysiou, Dionysios D. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Environmental science and pollution research Berlin : Springer, 1994 24(2017), 23 vom: 04. Juli, Seite 19435-19443 (DE-627)320517926 (DE-600)2014192-0 1614-7499 nnns volume:24 year:2017 number:23 day:04 month:07 pages:19435-19443 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9566-4 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2360 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 43.00 ASE 43.50 ASE 58.50 ASE AR 24 2017 23 04 07 19435-19443 |
spelling |
10.1007/s11356-017-9566-4 doi (DE-627)SPR019401833 (SPR)s11356-017-9566-4-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 333.7 690 ASE 43.00 bkl 43.50 bkl 58.50 bkl Han, Changseok verfasserin aut Degradation of the cyanotoxin microcystin-LR using iron-based photocatalysts under visible light illumination 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract In this study, a simple and low-cost method to synthesize iron(III) oxide nanopowders in large quantity was successfully developed for the photocatalytic degradation of microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Two visible light-active iron(III) oxide samples (MG-9 calcined at 200 °C for 5 h and MG-11 calcined at 180 °C for 16 h) with a particle size of 5–20 nm were prepared via thermal decomposition of ferrous oxalate dihydrate in air without any other modifications such as doping. The synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area analysis, and UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The samples exhibited similar phase composition (a mixture of α-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and γ-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $), particle size distribution (5–20 nm), particle morphology, and degree of agglomeration, but different specific surface areas (234 $ m^{2} $ $ g^{−1} $ for MG-9 and 207 $ m^{2} $ $ g^{−1} $ for MG-11). The results confirmed higher photocatalytic activity of the catalyst with higher specific surface area. The highest photocatalytic activity of the sample to decompose MC-LR was observed at solution pH of 3.0 and catalyst loading of 0.5 g $ L^{−1} $ due to large amount of MC-LR adsorption, but a little iron dissolution of 0.0065 wt% was observed. However, no iron leaching was observed at pH 5.8 even though the overall MC-LR removal was slightly lower than at pH 3.0. Thus, the pH 5.8 could be an appropriate operating condition for the catalyst to avoid problems of iron contamination by the catalyst. Moreover, magnetic behavior of γ-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $ gives a possibility for an easy separation of the catalyst particles after their use. Microcystin (dpeaa)DE-He213 Mössbauer spectroscopy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Photocatalysis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Iron oxide (dpeaa)DE-He213 Water treatment (dpeaa)DE-He213 Machala, Libor verfasserin aut Medrik, Ivo verfasserin aut Prucek, Robert verfasserin aut Kralchevska, Radina P. verfasserin aut Dionysiou, Dionysios D. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Environmental science and pollution research Berlin : Springer, 1994 24(2017), 23 vom: 04. Juli, Seite 19435-19443 (DE-627)320517926 (DE-600)2014192-0 1614-7499 nnns volume:24 year:2017 number:23 day:04 month:07 pages:19435-19443 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9566-4 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2360 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 43.00 ASE 43.50 ASE 58.50 ASE AR 24 2017 23 04 07 19435-19443 |
allfields_unstemmed |
10.1007/s11356-017-9566-4 doi (DE-627)SPR019401833 (SPR)s11356-017-9566-4-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 333.7 690 ASE 43.00 bkl 43.50 bkl 58.50 bkl Han, Changseok verfasserin aut Degradation of the cyanotoxin microcystin-LR using iron-based photocatalysts under visible light illumination 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract In this study, a simple and low-cost method to synthesize iron(III) oxide nanopowders in large quantity was successfully developed for the photocatalytic degradation of microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Two visible light-active iron(III) oxide samples (MG-9 calcined at 200 °C for 5 h and MG-11 calcined at 180 °C for 16 h) with a particle size of 5–20 nm were prepared via thermal decomposition of ferrous oxalate dihydrate in air without any other modifications such as doping. The synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area analysis, and UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The samples exhibited similar phase composition (a mixture of α-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and γ-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $), particle size distribution (5–20 nm), particle morphology, and degree of agglomeration, but different specific surface areas (234 $ m^{2} $ $ g^{−1} $ for MG-9 and 207 $ m^{2} $ $ g^{−1} $ for MG-11). The results confirmed higher photocatalytic activity of the catalyst with higher specific surface area. The highest photocatalytic activity of the sample to decompose MC-LR was observed at solution pH of 3.0 and catalyst loading of 0.5 g $ L^{−1} $ due to large amount of MC-LR adsorption, but a little iron dissolution of 0.0065 wt% was observed. However, no iron leaching was observed at pH 5.8 even though the overall MC-LR removal was slightly lower than at pH 3.0. Thus, the pH 5.8 could be an appropriate operating condition for the catalyst to avoid problems of iron contamination by the catalyst. Moreover, magnetic behavior of γ-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $ gives a possibility for an easy separation of the catalyst particles after their use. Microcystin (dpeaa)DE-He213 Mössbauer spectroscopy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Photocatalysis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Iron oxide (dpeaa)DE-He213 Water treatment (dpeaa)DE-He213 Machala, Libor verfasserin aut Medrik, Ivo verfasserin aut Prucek, Robert verfasserin aut Kralchevska, Radina P. verfasserin aut Dionysiou, Dionysios D. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Environmental science and pollution research Berlin : Springer, 1994 24(2017), 23 vom: 04. Juli, Seite 19435-19443 (DE-627)320517926 (DE-600)2014192-0 1614-7499 nnns volume:24 year:2017 number:23 day:04 month:07 pages:19435-19443 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9566-4 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2360 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 43.00 ASE 43.50 ASE 58.50 ASE AR 24 2017 23 04 07 19435-19443 |
allfieldsGer |
10.1007/s11356-017-9566-4 doi (DE-627)SPR019401833 (SPR)s11356-017-9566-4-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 333.7 690 ASE 43.00 bkl 43.50 bkl 58.50 bkl Han, Changseok verfasserin aut Degradation of the cyanotoxin microcystin-LR using iron-based photocatalysts under visible light illumination 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract In this study, a simple and low-cost method to synthesize iron(III) oxide nanopowders in large quantity was successfully developed for the photocatalytic degradation of microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Two visible light-active iron(III) oxide samples (MG-9 calcined at 200 °C for 5 h and MG-11 calcined at 180 °C for 16 h) with a particle size of 5–20 nm were prepared via thermal decomposition of ferrous oxalate dihydrate in air without any other modifications such as doping. The synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area analysis, and UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The samples exhibited similar phase composition (a mixture of α-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and γ-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $), particle size distribution (5–20 nm), particle morphology, and degree of agglomeration, but different specific surface areas (234 $ m^{2} $ $ g^{−1} $ for MG-9 and 207 $ m^{2} $ $ g^{−1} $ for MG-11). The results confirmed higher photocatalytic activity of the catalyst with higher specific surface area. The highest photocatalytic activity of the sample to decompose MC-LR was observed at solution pH of 3.0 and catalyst loading of 0.5 g $ L^{−1} $ due to large amount of MC-LR adsorption, but a little iron dissolution of 0.0065 wt% was observed. However, no iron leaching was observed at pH 5.8 even though the overall MC-LR removal was slightly lower than at pH 3.0. Thus, the pH 5.8 could be an appropriate operating condition for the catalyst to avoid problems of iron contamination by the catalyst. Moreover, magnetic behavior of γ-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $ gives a possibility for an easy separation of the catalyst particles after their use. Microcystin (dpeaa)DE-He213 Mössbauer spectroscopy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Photocatalysis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Iron oxide (dpeaa)DE-He213 Water treatment (dpeaa)DE-He213 Machala, Libor verfasserin aut Medrik, Ivo verfasserin aut Prucek, Robert verfasserin aut Kralchevska, Radina P. verfasserin aut Dionysiou, Dionysios D. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Environmental science and pollution research Berlin : Springer, 1994 24(2017), 23 vom: 04. Juli, Seite 19435-19443 (DE-627)320517926 (DE-600)2014192-0 1614-7499 nnns volume:24 year:2017 number:23 day:04 month:07 pages:19435-19443 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9566-4 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2360 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 43.00 ASE 43.50 ASE 58.50 ASE AR 24 2017 23 04 07 19435-19443 |
allfieldsSound |
10.1007/s11356-017-9566-4 doi (DE-627)SPR019401833 (SPR)s11356-017-9566-4-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 333.7 690 ASE 43.00 bkl 43.50 bkl 58.50 bkl Han, Changseok verfasserin aut Degradation of the cyanotoxin microcystin-LR using iron-based photocatalysts under visible light illumination 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract In this study, a simple and low-cost method to synthesize iron(III) oxide nanopowders in large quantity was successfully developed for the photocatalytic degradation of microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Two visible light-active iron(III) oxide samples (MG-9 calcined at 200 °C for 5 h and MG-11 calcined at 180 °C for 16 h) with a particle size of 5–20 nm were prepared via thermal decomposition of ferrous oxalate dihydrate in air without any other modifications such as doping. The synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area analysis, and UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The samples exhibited similar phase composition (a mixture of α-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and γ-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $), particle size distribution (5–20 nm), particle morphology, and degree of agglomeration, but different specific surface areas (234 $ m^{2} $ $ g^{−1} $ for MG-9 and 207 $ m^{2} $ $ g^{−1} $ for MG-11). The results confirmed higher photocatalytic activity of the catalyst with higher specific surface area. The highest photocatalytic activity of the sample to decompose MC-LR was observed at solution pH of 3.0 and catalyst loading of 0.5 g $ L^{−1} $ due to large amount of MC-LR adsorption, but a little iron dissolution of 0.0065 wt% was observed. However, no iron leaching was observed at pH 5.8 even though the overall MC-LR removal was slightly lower than at pH 3.0. Thus, the pH 5.8 could be an appropriate operating condition for the catalyst to avoid problems of iron contamination by the catalyst. Moreover, magnetic behavior of γ-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $ gives a possibility for an easy separation of the catalyst particles after their use. Microcystin (dpeaa)DE-He213 Mössbauer spectroscopy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Photocatalysis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Iron oxide (dpeaa)DE-He213 Water treatment (dpeaa)DE-He213 Machala, Libor verfasserin aut Medrik, Ivo verfasserin aut Prucek, Robert verfasserin aut Kralchevska, Radina P. verfasserin aut Dionysiou, Dionysios D. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Environmental science and pollution research Berlin : Springer, 1994 24(2017), 23 vom: 04. Juli, Seite 19435-19443 (DE-627)320517926 (DE-600)2014192-0 1614-7499 nnns volume:24 year:2017 number:23 day:04 month:07 pages:19435-19443 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9566-4 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2360 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 43.00 ASE 43.50 ASE 58.50 ASE AR 24 2017 23 04 07 19435-19443 |
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English |
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Enthalten in Environmental science and pollution research 24(2017), 23 vom: 04. Juli, Seite 19435-19443 volume:24 year:2017 number:23 day:04 month:07 pages:19435-19443 |
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Microcystin Mössbauer spectroscopy Photocatalysis Iron oxide Water treatment |
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Han, Changseok @@aut@@ Machala, Libor @@aut@@ Medrik, Ivo @@aut@@ Prucek, Robert @@aut@@ Kralchevska, Radina P. @@aut@@ Dionysiou, Dionysios D. @@aut@@ |
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">SPR019401833</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20220111063137.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">201006s2017 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1007/s11356-017-9566-4</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)SPR019401833</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(SPR)s11356-017-9566-4-e</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">333.7</subfield><subfield code="a">690</subfield><subfield code="q">ASE</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">43.00</subfield><subfield code="2">bkl</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">43.50</subfield><subfield code="2">bkl</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">58.50</subfield><subfield code="2">bkl</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Han, Changseok</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Degradation of the cyanotoxin microcystin-LR using iron-based photocatalysts under visible light illumination</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2017</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Abstract In this study, a simple and low-cost method to synthesize iron(III) oxide nanopowders in large quantity was successfully developed for the photocatalytic degradation of microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Two visible light-active iron(III) oxide samples (MG-9 calcined at 200 °C for 5 h and MG-11 calcined at 180 °C for 16 h) with a particle size of 5–20 nm were prepared via thermal decomposition of ferrous oxalate dihydrate in air without any other modifications such as doping. The synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area analysis, and UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The samples exhibited similar phase composition (a mixture of α-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and γ-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $), particle size distribution (5–20 nm), particle morphology, and degree of agglomeration, but different specific surface areas (234 $ m^{2} $ $ g^{−1} $ for MG-9 and 207 $ m^{2} $ $ g^{−1} $ for MG-11). The results confirmed higher photocatalytic activity of the catalyst with higher specific surface area. The highest photocatalytic activity of the sample to decompose MC-LR was observed at solution pH of 3.0 and catalyst loading of 0.5 g $ L^{−1} $ due to large amount of MC-LR adsorption, but a little iron dissolution of 0.0065 wt% was observed. However, no iron leaching was observed at pH 5.8 even though the overall MC-LR removal was slightly lower than at pH 3.0. Thus, the pH 5.8 could be an appropriate operating condition for the catalyst to avoid problems of iron contamination by the catalyst. 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|
author |
Han, Changseok |
spellingShingle |
Han, Changseok ddc 333.7 bkl 43.00 bkl 43.50 bkl 58.50 misc Microcystin misc Mössbauer spectroscopy misc Photocatalysis misc Iron oxide misc Water treatment Degradation of the cyanotoxin microcystin-LR using iron-based photocatalysts under visible light illumination |
authorStr |
Han, Changseok |
ppnlink_with_tag_str_mv |
@@773@@(DE-627)320517926 |
format |
electronic Article |
dewey-ones |
333 - Economics of land & energy 690 - Buildings |
delete_txt_mv |
keep |
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aut aut aut aut aut aut |
collection |
springer |
remote_str |
true |
illustrated |
Not Illustrated |
issn |
1614-7499 |
topic_title |
333.7 690 ASE 43.00 bkl 43.50 bkl 58.50 bkl Degradation of the cyanotoxin microcystin-LR using iron-based photocatalysts under visible light illumination Microcystin (dpeaa)DE-He213 Mössbauer spectroscopy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Photocatalysis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Iron oxide (dpeaa)DE-He213 Water treatment (dpeaa)DE-He213 |
topic |
ddc 333.7 bkl 43.00 bkl 43.50 bkl 58.50 misc Microcystin misc Mössbauer spectroscopy misc Photocatalysis misc Iron oxide misc Water treatment |
topic_unstemmed |
ddc 333.7 bkl 43.00 bkl 43.50 bkl 58.50 misc Microcystin misc Mössbauer spectroscopy misc Photocatalysis misc Iron oxide misc Water treatment |
topic_browse |
ddc 333.7 bkl 43.00 bkl 43.50 bkl 58.50 misc Microcystin misc Mössbauer spectroscopy misc Photocatalysis misc Iron oxide misc Water treatment |
format_facet |
Elektronische Aufsätze Aufsätze Elektronische Ressource |
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Text Zeitschrift/Artikel |
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cr |
hierarchy_parent_title |
Environmental science and pollution research |
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Degradation of the cyanotoxin microcystin-LR using iron-based photocatalysts under visible light illumination |
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Degradation of the cyanotoxin microcystin-LR using iron-based photocatalysts under visible light illumination |
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Han, Changseok |
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Han, Changseok Machala, Libor Medrik, Ivo Prucek, Robert Kralchevska, Radina P. Dionysiou, Dionysios D. |
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degradation of the cyanotoxin microcystin-lr using iron-based photocatalysts under visible light illumination |
title_auth |
Degradation of the cyanotoxin microcystin-LR using iron-based photocatalysts under visible light illumination |
abstract |
Abstract In this study, a simple and low-cost method to synthesize iron(III) oxide nanopowders in large quantity was successfully developed for the photocatalytic degradation of microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Two visible light-active iron(III) oxide samples (MG-9 calcined at 200 °C for 5 h and MG-11 calcined at 180 °C for 16 h) with a particle size of 5–20 nm were prepared via thermal decomposition of ferrous oxalate dihydrate in air without any other modifications such as doping. The synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area analysis, and UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The samples exhibited similar phase composition (a mixture of α-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and γ-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $), particle size distribution (5–20 nm), particle morphology, and degree of agglomeration, but different specific surface areas (234 $ m^{2} $ $ g^{−1} $ for MG-9 and 207 $ m^{2} $ $ g^{−1} $ for MG-11). The results confirmed higher photocatalytic activity of the catalyst with higher specific surface area. The highest photocatalytic activity of the sample to decompose MC-LR was observed at solution pH of 3.0 and catalyst loading of 0.5 g $ L^{−1} $ due to large amount of MC-LR adsorption, but a little iron dissolution of 0.0065 wt% was observed. However, no iron leaching was observed at pH 5.8 even though the overall MC-LR removal was slightly lower than at pH 3.0. Thus, the pH 5.8 could be an appropriate operating condition for the catalyst to avoid problems of iron contamination by the catalyst. Moreover, magnetic behavior of γ-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $ gives a possibility for an easy separation of the catalyst particles after their use. |
abstractGer |
Abstract In this study, a simple and low-cost method to synthesize iron(III) oxide nanopowders in large quantity was successfully developed for the photocatalytic degradation of microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Two visible light-active iron(III) oxide samples (MG-9 calcined at 200 °C for 5 h and MG-11 calcined at 180 °C for 16 h) with a particle size of 5–20 nm were prepared via thermal decomposition of ferrous oxalate dihydrate in air without any other modifications such as doping. The synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area analysis, and UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The samples exhibited similar phase composition (a mixture of α-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and γ-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $), particle size distribution (5–20 nm), particle morphology, and degree of agglomeration, but different specific surface areas (234 $ m^{2} $ $ g^{−1} $ for MG-9 and 207 $ m^{2} $ $ g^{−1} $ for MG-11). The results confirmed higher photocatalytic activity of the catalyst with higher specific surface area. The highest photocatalytic activity of the sample to decompose MC-LR was observed at solution pH of 3.0 and catalyst loading of 0.5 g $ L^{−1} $ due to large amount of MC-LR adsorption, but a little iron dissolution of 0.0065 wt% was observed. However, no iron leaching was observed at pH 5.8 even though the overall MC-LR removal was slightly lower than at pH 3.0. Thus, the pH 5.8 could be an appropriate operating condition for the catalyst to avoid problems of iron contamination by the catalyst. Moreover, magnetic behavior of γ-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $ gives a possibility for an easy separation of the catalyst particles after their use. |
abstract_unstemmed |
Abstract In this study, a simple and low-cost method to synthesize iron(III) oxide nanopowders in large quantity was successfully developed for the photocatalytic degradation of microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Two visible light-active iron(III) oxide samples (MG-9 calcined at 200 °C for 5 h and MG-11 calcined at 180 °C for 16 h) with a particle size of 5–20 nm were prepared via thermal decomposition of ferrous oxalate dihydrate in air without any other modifications such as doping. The synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area analysis, and UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The samples exhibited similar phase composition (a mixture of α-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and γ-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $), particle size distribution (5–20 nm), particle morphology, and degree of agglomeration, but different specific surface areas (234 $ m^{2} $ $ g^{−1} $ for MG-9 and 207 $ m^{2} $ $ g^{−1} $ for MG-11). The results confirmed higher photocatalytic activity of the catalyst with higher specific surface area. The highest photocatalytic activity of the sample to decompose MC-LR was observed at solution pH of 3.0 and catalyst loading of 0.5 g $ L^{−1} $ due to large amount of MC-LR adsorption, but a little iron dissolution of 0.0065 wt% was observed. However, no iron leaching was observed at pH 5.8 even though the overall MC-LR removal was slightly lower than at pH 3.0. Thus, the pH 5.8 could be an appropriate operating condition for the catalyst to avoid problems of iron contamination by the catalyst. Moreover, magnetic behavior of γ-$ Fe_{2} %$ O_{3} $ gives a possibility for an easy separation of the catalyst particles after their use. |
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title_short |
Degradation of the cyanotoxin microcystin-LR using iron-based photocatalysts under visible light illumination |
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score |
7.4011936 |