An evaluation of the NICE guidance for the prevention of osteoporotic fragility fractures in postmenopausal women
Summary The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the UK issued guidance based on a health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporosis. The recommendations in the guidance are unworkable in clinical practice and the foundati...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Kanis, John A. [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2010 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Anmerkung: |
© International Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation 2010 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Archives of osteoporosis - London [u.a.] : Springer, 2006, 5(2010), 1-2 vom: 10. Nov., Seite 19-48 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:5 ; year:2010 ; number:1-2 ; day:10 ; month:11 ; pages:19-48 |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1007/s11657-010-0045-5 |
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SPR021333009 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Kanis, John A. |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 3 | |a An evaluation of the NICE guidance for the prevention of osteoporotic fragility fractures in postmenopausal women |
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| 520 | |a Summary The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the UK issued guidance based on a health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporosis. The recommendations in the guidance are unworkable in clinical practice and the foundation on which they are based is insecure. Introduction The NICE in the UK recently issued final appraisal documents on the health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women. The majority of interventions were considered to be cost-ineffective except at very low T scores for bone mineral density (BMD). Concerns have been raised with respect to the construct and assumptions that populate the model used by NICE and the feasibility of implementing the subsequent guidance. Results The application of the NICE guidance to primary care is problematic. Intervention thresholds are based on a complex array that includes the agent to be used, age, T scores and the presence of different categories of risk factors. Alendronate is the first-line treatment, but women who cannot take or tolerate alendronate may have to wait till their T score deteriorates before they qualify for treatment. The guidance takes no account of women with a T score > −2.5 SD, of glucocorticoid-induced disease or of men. Newer interventions, such as ibandronate and zoledronic acid, are not included. The development of guidelines by the National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG) avoids many of these problems and unlike the NICE guidance, can be used with FRAX®, the WHO-supported fracture risk assessment tool. NOGG provides intervention thresholds based on fracture probabilities computed from clinical risk factors for fracture with or without information on BMD that are readily accessed by primary care physicians for the assessment of all postmenopausal women and men over the age of 50 years. The NICE guidance is based on a health economic assessment of several interventions. The model used to assess cost-effectiveness is based on Gaussian regression functions which were derived from an individual state transition model. Since the source individual state transition model is not available, the Gaussian functions cannot be evaluated. Moreover, neither the internal nor external validity of the model is established, and the model is not accessible for such an evaluation. Although the NICE model incorporates the clinical risk factors (CRFs) used in FRAX, it neglects the impact of CRFs on the death hazards giving estimates of fracture probability that differ from those using FRAX®. The estimates of cost-effectiveness differ from reference models for reasons that relate in part to the model construct and in particular to the assumptions used to populate the model. Conclusions The guidance provided by NICE is cumbersome and cannot be readily used in the setting of primary care. The model on which the guidance is based is opaque. The authors do not support the view of NICE that there are no issues which cause it to doubt the validity of the model or that raise justifiable doubts about the appropriateness of the use of the model to inform its guidance. | ||
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| 700 | 1 | |a McCloskey, Eugene V. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Jonsson, Bengt |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Cooper, Alun |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ström, Oskar |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Borgström, Fredrik |4 aut | |
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10.1007/s11657-010-0045-5 doi (DE-627)SPR021333009 (SPR)s11657-010-0045-5-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Kanis, John A. verfasserin aut An evaluation of the NICE guidance for the prevention of osteoporotic fragility fractures in postmenopausal women 2010 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © International Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation 2010 Summary The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the UK issued guidance based on a health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporosis. The recommendations in the guidance are unworkable in clinical practice and the foundation on which they are based is insecure. Introduction The NICE in the UK recently issued final appraisal documents on the health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women. The majority of interventions were considered to be cost-ineffective except at very low T scores for bone mineral density (BMD). Concerns have been raised with respect to the construct and assumptions that populate the model used by NICE and the feasibility of implementing the subsequent guidance. Results The application of the NICE guidance to primary care is problematic. Intervention thresholds are based on a complex array that includes the agent to be used, age, T scores and the presence of different categories of risk factors. Alendronate is the first-line treatment, but women who cannot take or tolerate alendronate may have to wait till their T score deteriorates before they qualify for treatment. The guidance takes no account of women with a T score > −2.5 SD, of glucocorticoid-induced disease or of men. Newer interventions, such as ibandronate and zoledronic acid, are not included. The development of guidelines by the National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG) avoids many of these problems and unlike the NICE guidance, can be used with FRAX®, the WHO-supported fracture risk assessment tool. NOGG provides intervention thresholds based on fracture probabilities computed from clinical risk factors for fracture with or without information on BMD that are readily accessed by primary care physicians for the assessment of all postmenopausal women and men over the age of 50 years. The NICE guidance is based on a health economic assessment of several interventions. The model used to assess cost-effectiveness is based on Gaussian regression functions which were derived from an individual state transition model. Since the source individual state transition model is not available, the Gaussian functions cannot be evaluated. Moreover, neither the internal nor external validity of the model is established, and the model is not accessible for such an evaluation. Although the NICE model incorporates the clinical risk factors (CRFs) used in FRAX, it neglects the impact of CRFs on the death hazards giving estimates of fracture probability that differ from those using FRAX®. The estimates of cost-effectiveness differ from reference models for reasons that relate in part to the model construct and in particular to the assumptions used to populate the model. Conclusions The guidance provided by NICE is cumbersome and cannot be readily used in the setting of primary care. The model on which the guidance is based is opaque. The authors do not support the view of NICE that there are no issues which cause it to doubt the validity of the model or that raise justifiable doubts about the appropriateness of the use of the model to inform its guidance. FRAX (dpeaa)DE-He213 Economic models (dpeaa)DE-He213 Fracture probability (dpeaa)DE-He213 Clinical risk factors (dpeaa)DE-He213 Intervention thresholds (dpeaa)DE-He213 McCloskey, Eugene V. aut Jonsson, Bengt aut Cooper, Alun aut Ström, Oskar aut Borgström, Fredrik aut Enthalten in Archives of osteoporosis London [u.a.] : Springer, 2006 5(2010), 1-2 vom: 10. Nov., Seite 19-48 (DE-627)518632342 (DE-600)2253231-6 1862-3514 nnns volume:5 year:2010 number:1-2 day:10 month:11 pages:19-48 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11657-010-0045-5 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2010 1-2 10 11 19-48 |
| spelling |
10.1007/s11657-010-0045-5 doi (DE-627)SPR021333009 (SPR)s11657-010-0045-5-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Kanis, John A. verfasserin aut An evaluation of the NICE guidance for the prevention of osteoporotic fragility fractures in postmenopausal women 2010 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © International Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation 2010 Summary The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the UK issued guidance based on a health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporosis. The recommendations in the guidance are unworkable in clinical practice and the foundation on which they are based is insecure. Introduction The NICE in the UK recently issued final appraisal documents on the health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women. The majority of interventions were considered to be cost-ineffective except at very low T scores for bone mineral density (BMD). Concerns have been raised with respect to the construct and assumptions that populate the model used by NICE and the feasibility of implementing the subsequent guidance. Results The application of the NICE guidance to primary care is problematic. Intervention thresholds are based on a complex array that includes the agent to be used, age, T scores and the presence of different categories of risk factors. Alendronate is the first-line treatment, but women who cannot take or tolerate alendronate may have to wait till their T score deteriorates before they qualify for treatment. The guidance takes no account of women with a T score > −2.5 SD, of glucocorticoid-induced disease or of men. Newer interventions, such as ibandronate and zoledronic acid, are not included. The development of guidelines by the National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG) avoids many of these problems and unlike the NICE guidance, can be used with FRAX®, the WHO-supported fracture risk assessment tool. NOGG provides intervention thresholds based on fracture probabilities computed from clinical risk factors for fracture with or without information on BMD that are readily accessed by primary care physicians for the assessment of all postmenopausal women and men over the age of 50 years. The NICE guidance is based on a health economic assessment of several interventions. The model used to assess cost-effectiveness is based on Gaussian regression functions which were derived from an individual state transition model. Since the source individual state transition model is not available, the Gaussian functions cannot be evaluated. Moreover, neither the internal nor external validity of the model is established, and the model is not accessible for such an evaluation. Although the NICE model incorporates the clinical risk factors (CRFs) used in FRAX, it neglects the impact of CRFs on the death hazards giving estimates of fracture probability that differ from those using FRAX®. The estimates of cost-effectiveness differ from reference models for reasons that relate in part to the model construct and in particular to the assumptions used to populate the model. Conclusions The guidance provided by NICE is cumbersome and cannot be readily used in the setting of primary care. The model on which the guidance is based is opaque. The authors do not support the view of NICE that there are no issues which cause it to doubt the validity of the model or that raise justifiable doubts about the appropriateness of the use of the model to inform its guidance. FRAX (dpeaa)DE-He213 Economic models (dpeaa)DE-He213 Fracture probability (dpeaa)DE-He213 Clinical risk factors (dpeaa)DE-He213 Intervention thresholds (dpeaa)DE-He213 McCloskey, Eugene V. aut Jonsson, Bengt aut Cooper, Alun aut Ström, Oskar aut Borgström, Fredrik aut Enthalten in Archives of osteoporosis London [u.a.] : Springer, 2006 5(2010), 1-2 vom: 10. Nov., Seite 19-48 (DE-627)518632342 (DE-600)2253231-6 1862-3514 nnns volume:5 year:2010 number:1-2 day:10 month:11 pages:19-48 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11657-010-0045-5 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2010 1-2 10 11 19-48 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.1007/s11657-010-0045-5 doi (DE-627)SPR021333009 (SPR)s11657-010-0045-5-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Kanis, John A. verfasserin aut An evaluation of the NICE guidance for the prevention of osteoporotic fragility fractures in postmenopausal women 2010 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © International Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation 2010 Summary The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the UK issued guidance based on a health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporosis. The recommendations in the guidance are unworkable in clinical practice and the foundation on which they are based is insecure. Introduction The NICE in the UK recently issued final appraisal documents on the health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women. The majority of interventions were considered to be cost-ineffective except at very low T scores for bone mineral density (BMD). Concerns have been raised with respect to the construct and assumptions that populate the model used by NICE and the feasibility of implementing the subsequent guidance. Results The application of the NICE guidance to primary care is problematic. Intervention thresholds are based on a complex array that includes the agent to be used, age, T scores and the presence of different categories of risk factors. Alendronate is the first-line treatment, but women who cannot take or tolerate alendronate may have to wait till their T score deteriorates before they qualify for treatment. The guidance takes no account of women with a T score > −2.5 SD, of glucocorticoid-induced disease or of men. Newer interventions, such as ibandronate and zoledronic acid, are not included. The development of guidelines by the National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG) avoids many of these problems and unlike the NICE guidance, can be used with FRAX®, the WHO-supported fracture risk assessment tool. NOGG provides intervention thresholds based on fracture probabilities computed from clinical risk factors for fracture with or without information on BMD that are readily accessed by primary care physicians for the assessment of all postmenopausal women and men over the age of 50 years. The NICE guidance is based on a health economic assessment of several interventions. The model used to assess cost-effectiveness is based on Gaussian regression functions which were derived from an individual state transition model. Since the source individual state transition model is not available, the Gaussian functions cannot be evaluated. Moreover, neither the internal nor external validity of the model is established, and the model is not accessible for such an evaluation. Although the NICE model incorporates the clinical risk factors (CRFs) used in FRAX, it neglects the impact of CRFs on the death hazards giving estimates of fracture probability that differ from those using FRAX®. The estimates of cost-effectiveness differ from reference models for reasons that relate in part to the model construct and in particular to the assumptions used to populate the model. Conclusions The guidance provided by NICE is cumbersome and cannot be readily used in the setting of primary care. The model on which the guidance is based is opaque. The authors do not support the view of NICE that there are no issues which cause it to doubt the validity of the model or that raise justifiable doubts about the appropriateness of the use of the model to inform its guidance. FRAX (dpeaa)DE-He213 Economic models (dpeaa)DE-He213 Fracture probability (dpeaa)DE-He213 Clinical risk factors (dpeaa)DE-He213 Intervention thresholds (dpeaa)DE-He213 McCloskey, Eugene V. aut Jonsson, Bengt aut Cooper, Alun aut Ström, Oskar aut Borgström, Fredrik aut Enthalten in Archives of osteoporosis London [u.a.] : Springer, 2006 5(2010), 1-2 vom: 10. Nov., Seite 19-48 (DE-627)518632342 (DE-600)2253231-6 1862-3514 nnns volume:5 year:2010 number:1-2 day:10 month:11 pages:19-48 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11657-010-0045-5 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2010 1-2 10 11 19-48 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.1007/s11657-010-0045-5 doi (DE-627)SPR021333009 (SPR)s11657-010-0045-5-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Kanis, John A. verfasserin aut An evaluation of the NICE guidance for the prevention of osteoporotic fragility fractures in postmenopausal women 2010 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © International Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation 2010 Summary The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the UK issued guidance based on a health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporosis. The recommendations in the guidance are unworkable in clinical practice and the foundation on which they are based is insecure. Introduction The NICE in the UK recently issued final appraisal documents on the health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women. The majority of interventions were considered to be cost-ineffective except at very low T scores for bone mineral density (BMD). Concerns have been raised with respect to the construct and assumptions that populate the model used by NICE and the feasibility of implementing the subsequent guidance. Results The application of the NICE guidance to primary care is problematic. Intervention thresholds are based on a complex array that includes the agent to be used, age, T scores and the presence of different categories of risk factors. Alendronate is the first-line treatment, but women who cannot take or tolerate alendronate may have to wait till their T score deteriorates before they qualify for treatment. The guidance takes no account of women with a T score > −2.5 SD, of glucocorticoid-induced disease or of men. Newer interventions, such as ibandronate and zoledronic acid, are not included. The development of guidelines by the National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG) avoids many of these problems and unlike the NICE guidance, can be used with FRAX®, the WHO-supported fracture risk assessment tool. NOGG provides intervention thresholds based on fracture probabilities computed from clinical risk factors for fracture with or without information on BMD that are readily accessed by primary care physicians for the assessment of all postmenopausal women and men over the age of 50 years. The NICE guidance is based on a health economic assessment of several interventions. The model used to assess cost-effectiveness is based on Gaussian regression functions which were derived from an individual state transition model. Since the source individual state transition model is not available, the Gaussian functions cannot be evaluated. Moreover, neither the internal nor external validity of the model is established, and the model is not accessible for such an evaluation. Although the NICE model incorporates the clinical risk factors (CRFs) used in FRAX, it neglects the impact of CRFs on the death hazards giving estimates of fracture probability that differ from those using FRAX®. The estimates of cost-effectiveness differ from reference models for reasons that relate in part to the model construct and in particular to the assumptions used to populate the model. Conclusions The guidance provided by NICE is cumbersome and cannot be readily used in the setting of primary care. The model on which the guidance is based is opaque. The authors do not support the view of NICE that there are no issues which cause it to doubt the validity of the model or that raise justifiable doubts about the appropriateness of the use of the model to inform its guidance. FRAX (dpeaa)DE-He213 Economic models (dpeaa)DE-He213 Fracture probability (dpeaa)DE-He213 Clinical risk factors (dpeaa)DE-He213 Intervention thresholds (dpeaa)DE-He213 McCloskey, Eugene V. aut Jonsson, Bengt aut Cooper, Alun aut Ström, Oskar aut Borgström, Fredrik aut Enthalten in Archives of osteoporosis London [u.a.] : Springer, 2006 5(2010), 1-2 vom: 10. Nov., Seite 19-48 (DE-627)518632342 (DE-600)2253231-6 1862-3514 nnns volume:5 year:2010 number:1-2 day:10 month:11 pages:19-48 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11657-010-0045-5 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2010 1-2 10 11 19-48 |
| allfieldsSound |
10.1007/s11657-010-0045-5 doi (DE-627)SPR021333009 (SPR)s11657-010-0045-5-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Kanis, John A. verfasserin aut An evaluation of the NICE guidance for the prevention of osteoporotic fragility fractures in postmenopausal women 2010 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © International Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation 2010 Summary The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the UK issued guidance based on a health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporosis. The recommendations in the guidance are unworkable in clinical practice and the foundation on which they are based is insecure. Introduction The NICE in the UK recently issued final appraisal documents on the health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women. The majority of interventions were considered to be cost-ineffective except at very low T scores for bone mineral density (BMD). Concerns have been raised with respect to the construct and assumptions that populate the model used by NICE and the feasibility of implementing the subsequent guidance. Results The application of the NICE guidance to primary care is problematic. Intervention thresholds are based on a complex array that includes the agent to be used, age, T scores and the presence of different categories of risk factors. Alendronate is the first-line treatment, but women who cannot take or tolerate alendronate may have to wait till their T score deteriorates before they qualify for treatment. The guidance takes no account of women with a T score > −2.5 SD, of glucocorticoid-induced disease or of men. Newer interventions, such as ibandronate and zoledronic acid, are not included. The development of guidelines by the National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG) avoids many of these problems and unlike the NICE guidance, can be used with FRAX®, the WHO-supported fracture risk assessment tool. NOGG provides intervention thresholds based on fracture probabilities computed from clinical risk factors for fracture with or without information on BMD that are readily accessed by primary care physicians for the assessment of all postmenopausal women and men over the age of 50 years. The NICE guidance is based on a health economic assessment of several interventions. The model used to assess cost-effectiveness is based on Gaussian regression functions which were derived from an individual state transition model. Since the source individual state transition model is not available, the Gaussian functions cannot be evaluated. Moreover, neither the internal nor external validity of the model is established, and the model is not accessible for such an evaluation. Although the NICE model incorporates the clinical risk factors (CRFs) used in FRAX, it neglects the impact of CRFs on the death hazards giving estimates of fracture probability that differ from those using FRAX®. The estimates of cost-effectiveness differ from reference models for reasons that relate in part to the model construct and in particular to the assumptions used to populate the model. Conclusions The guidance provided by NICE is cumbersome and cannot be readily used in the setting of primary care. The model on which the guidance is based is opaque. The authors do not support the view of NICE that there are no issues which cause it to doubt the validity of the model or that raise justifiable doubts about the appropriateness of the use of the model to inform its guidance. FRAX (dpeaa)DE-He213 Economic models (dpeaa)DE-He213 Fracture probability (dpeaa)DE-He213 Clinical risk factors (dpeaa)DE-He213 Intervention thresholds (dpeaa)DE-He213 McCloskey, Eugene V. aut Jonsson, Bengt aut Cooper, Alun aut Ström, Oskar aut Borgström, Fredrik aut Enthalten in Archives of osteoporosis London [u.a.] : Springer, 2006 5(2010), 1-2 vom: 10. Nov., Seite 19-48 (DE-627)518632342 (DE-600)2253231-6 1862-3514 nnns volume:5 year:2010 number:1-2 day:10 month:11 pages:19-48 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11657-010-0045-5 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2010 1-2 10 11 19-48 |
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Enthalten in Archives of osteoporosis 5(2010), 1-2 vom: 10. Nov., Seite 19-48 volume:5 year:2010 number:1-2 day:10 month:11 pages:19-48 |
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">SPR021333009</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20230519234511.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">201006s2010 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1007/s11657-010-0045-5</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)SPR021333009</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(SPR)s11657-010-0045-5-e</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Kanis, John A.</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">An evaluation of the NICE guidance for the prevention of osteoporotic fragility fractures in postmenopausal women</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2010</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">© International Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation 2010</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Summary The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the UK issued guidance based on a health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporosis. The recommendations in the guidance are unworkable in clinical practice and the foundation on which they are based is insecure. Introduction The NICE in the UK recently issued final appraisal documents on the health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women. The majority of interventions were considered to be cost-ineffective except at very low T scores for bone mineral density (BMD). Concerns have been raised with respect to the construct and assumptions that populate the model used by NICE and the feasibility of implementing the subsequent guidance. Results The application of the NICE guidance to primary care is problematic. Intervention thresholds are based on a complex array that includes the agent to be used, age, T scores and the presence of different categories of risk factors. Alendronate is the first-line treatment, but women who cannot take or tolerate alendronate may have to wait till their T score deteriorates before they qualify for treatment. The guidance takes no account of women with a T score > −2.5 SD, of glucocorticoid-induced disease or of men. Newer interventions, such as ibandronate and zoledronic acid, are not included. The development of guidelines by the National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG) avoids many of these problems and unlike the NICE guidance, can be used with FRAX®, the WHO-supported fracture risk assessment tool. NOGG provides intervention thresholds based on fracture probabilities computed from clinical risk factors for fracture with or without information on BMD that are readily accessed by primary care physicians for the assessment of all postmenopausal women and men over the age of 50 years. The NICE guidance is based on a health economic assessment of several interventions. The model used to assess cost-effectiveness is based on Gaussian regression functions which were derived from an individual state transition model. Since the source individual state transition model is not available, the Gaussian functions cannot be evaluated. Moreover, neither the internal nor external validity of the model is established, and the model is not accessible for such an evaluation. Although the NICE model incorporates the clinical risk factors (CRFs) used in FRAX, it neglects the impact of CRFs on the death hazards giving estimates of fracture probability that differ from those using FRAX®. The estimates of cost-effectiveness differ from reference models for reasons that relate in part to the model construct and in particular to the assumptions used to populate the model. Conclusions The guidance provided by NICE is cumbersome and cannot be readily used in the setting of primary care. The model on which the guidance is based is opaque. The authors do not support the view of NICE that there are no issues which cause it to doubt the validity of the model or that raise justifiable doubts about the appropriateness of the use of the model to inform its guidance.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">FRAX</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Economic models</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Fracture probability</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Clinical risk factors</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Intervention thresholds</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">McCloskey, Eugene V.</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Jonsson, Bengt</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Cooper, Alun</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Ström, Oskar</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Borgström, Fredrik</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Enthalten in</subfield><subfield code="t">Archives of osteoporosis</subfield><subfield code="d">London [u.a.] : Springer, 2006</subfield><subfield code="g">5(2010), 1-2 vom: 10. 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Kanis, John A. |
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An evaluation of the NICE guidance for the prevention of osteoporotic fragility fractures in postmenopausal women FRAX (dpeaa)DE-He213 Economic models (dpeaa)DE-He213 Fracture probability (dpeaa)DE-He213 Clinical risk factors (dpeaa)DE-He213 Intervention thresholds (dpeaa)DE-He213 |
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evaluation of the nice guidance for the prevention of osteoporotic fragility fractures in postmenopausal women |
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An evaluation of the NICE guidance for the prevention of osteoporotic fragility fractures in postmenopausal women |
| abstract |
Summary The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the UK issued guidance based on a health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporosis. The recommendations in the guidance are unworkable in clinical practice and the foundation on which they are based is insecure. Introduction The NICE in the UK recently issued final appraisal documents on the health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women. The majority of interventions were considered to be cost-ineffective except at very low T scores for bone mineral density (BMD). Concerns have been raised with respect to the construct and assumptions that populate the model used by NICE and the feasibility of implementing the subsequent guidance. Results The application of the NICE guidance to primary care is problematic. Intervention thresholds are based on a complex array that includes the agent to be used, age, T scores and the presence of different categories of risk factors. Alendronate is the first-line treatment, but women who cannot take or tolerate alendronate may have to wait till their T score deteriorates before they qualify for treatment. The guidance takes no account of women with a T score > −2.5 SD, of glucocorticoid-induced disease or of men. Newer interventions, such as ibandronate and zoledronic acid, are not included. The development of guidelines by the National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG) avoids many of these problems and unlike the NICE guidance, can be used with FRAX®, the WHO-supported fracture risk assessment tool. NOGG provides intervention thresholds based on fracture probabilities computed from clinical risk factors for fracture with or without information on BMD that are readily accessed by primary care physicians for the assessment of all postmenopausal women and men over the age of 50 years. The NICE guidance is based on a health economic assessment of several interventions. The model used to assess cost-effectiveness is based on Gaussian regression functions which were derived from an individual state transition model. Since the source individual state transition model is not available, the Gaussian functions cannot be evaluated. Moreover, neither the internal nor external validity of the model is established, and the model is not accessible for such an evaluation. Although the NICE model incorporates the clinical risk factors (CRFs) used in FRAX, it neglects the impact of CRFs on the death hazards giving estimates of fracture probability that differ from those using FRAX®. The estimates of cost-effectiveness differ from reference models for reasons that relate in part to the model construct and in particular to the assumptions used to populate the model. Conclusions The guidance provided by NICE is cumbersome and cannot be readily used in the setting of primary care. The model on which the guidance is based is opaque. The authors do not support the view of NICE that there are no issues which cause it to doubt the validity of the model or that raise justifiable doubts about the appropriateness of the use of the model to inform its guidance. © International Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation 2010 |
| abstractGer |
Summary The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the UK issued guidance based on a health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporosis. The recommendations in the guidance are unworkable in clinical practice and the foundation on which they are based is insecure. Introduction The NICE in the UK recently issued final appraisal documents on the health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women. The majority of interventions were considered to be cost-ineffective except at very low T scores for bone mineral density (BMD). Concerns have been raised with respect to the construct and assumptions that populate the model used by NICE and the feasibility of implementing the subsequent guidance. Results The application of the NICE guidance to primary care is problematic. Intervention thresholds are based on a complex array that includes the agent to be used, age, T scores and the presence of different categories of risk factors. Alendronate is the first-line treatment, but women who cannot take or tolerate alendronate may have to wait till their T score deteriorates before they qualify for treatment. The guidance takes no account of women with a T score > −2.5 SD, of glucocorticoid-induced disease or of men. Newer interventions, such as ibandronate and zoledronic acid, are not included. The development of guidelines by the National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG) avoids many of these problems and unlike the NICE guidance, can be used with FRAX®, the WHO-supported fracture risk assessment tool. NOGG provides intervention thresholds based on fracture probabilities computed from clinical risk factors for fracture with or without information on BMD that are readily accessed by primary care physicians for the assessment of all postmenopausal women and men over the age of 50 years. The NICE guidance is based on a health economic assessment of several interventions. The model used to assess cost-effectiveness is based on Gaussian regression functions which were derived from an individual state transition model. Since the source individual state transition model is not available, the Gaussian functions cannot be evaluated. Moreover, neither the internal nor external validity of the model is established, and the model is not accessible for such an evaluation. Although the NICE model incorporates the clinical risk factors (CRFs) used in FRAX, it neglects the impact of CRFs on the death hazards giving estimates of fracture probability that differ from those using FRAX®. The estimates of cost-effectiveness differ from reference models for reasons that relate in part to the model construct and in particular to the assumptions used to populate the model. Conclusions The guidance provided by NICE is cumbersome and cannot be readily used in the setting of primary care. The model on which the guidance is based is opaque. The authors do not support the view of NICE that there are no issues which cause it to doubt the validity of the model or that raise justifiable doubts about the appropriateness of the use of the model to inform its guidance. © International Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation 2010 |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Summary The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the UK issued guidance based on a health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporosis. The recommendations in the guidance are unworkable in clinical practice and the foundation on which they are based is insecure. Introduction The NICE in the UK recently issued final appraisal documents on the health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women. The majority of interventions were considered to be cost-ineffective except at very low T scores for bone mineral density (BMD). Concerns have been raised with respect to the construct and assumptions that populate the model used by NICE and the feasibility of implementing the subsequent guidance. Results The application of the NICE guidance to primary care is problematic. Intervention thresholds are based on a complex array that includes the agent to be used, age, T scores and the presence of different categories of risk factors. Alendronate is the first-line treatment, but women who cannot take or tolerate alendronate may have to wait till their T score deteriorates before they qualify for treatment. The guidance takes no account of women with a T score > −2.5 SD, of glucocorticoid-induced disease or of men. Newer interventions, such as ibandronate and zoledronic acid, are not included. The development of guidelines by the National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG) avoids many of these problems and unlike the NICE guidance, can be used with FRAX®, the WHO-supported fracture risk assessment tool. NOGG provides intervention thresholds based on fracture probabilities computed from clinical risk factors for fracture with or without information on BMD that are readily accessed by primary care physicians for the assessment of all postmenopausal women and men over the age of 50 years. The NICE guidance is based on a health economic assessment of several interventions. The model used to assess cost-effectiveness is based on Gaussian regression functions which were derived from an individual state transition model. Since the source individual state transition model is not available, the Gaussian functions cannot be evaluated. Moreover, neither the internal nor external validity of the model is established, and the model is not accessible for such an evaluation. Although the NICE model incorporates the clinical risk factors (CRFs) used in FRAX, it neglects the impact of CRFs on the death hazards giving estimates of fracture probability that differ from those using FRAX®. The estimates of cost-effectiveness differ from reference models for reasons that relate in part to the model construct and in particular to the assumptions used to populate the model. Conclusions The guidance provided by NICE is cumbersome and cannot be readily used in the setting of primary care. The model on which the guidance is based is opaque. The authors do not support the view of NICE that there are no issues which cause it to doubt the validity of the model or that raise justifiable doubts about the appropriateness of the use of the model to inform its guidance. © International Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation 2010 |
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An evaluation of the NICE guidance for the prevention of osteoporotic fragility fractures in postmenopausal women |
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https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11657-010-0045-5 |
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McCloskey, Eugene V. Jonsson, Bengt Cooper, Alun Ström, Oskar Borgström, Fredrik |
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McCloskey, Eugene V. Jonsson, Bengt Cooper, Alun Ström, Oskar Borgström, Fredrik |
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10.1007/s11657-010-0045-5 |
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The recommendations in the guidance are unworkable in clinical practice and the foundation on which they are based is insecure. Introduction The NICE in the UK recently issued final appraisal documents on the health economic assessment of interventions for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women. The majority of interventions were considered to be cost-ineffective except at very low T scores for bone mineral density (BMD). Concerns have been raised with respect to the construct and assumptions that populate the model used by NICE and the feasibility of implementing the subsequent guidance. Results The application of the NICE guidance to primary care is problematic. Intervention thresholds are based on a complex array that includes the agent to be used, age, T scores and the presence of different categories of risk factors. Alendronate is the first-line treatment, but women who cannot take or tolerate alendronate may have to wait till their T score deteriorates before they qualify for treatment. The guidance takes no account of women with a T score > −2.5 SD, of glucocorticoid-induced disease or of men. Newer interventions, such as ibandronate and zoledronic acid, are not included. The development of guidelines by the National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG) avoids many of these problems and unlike the NICE guidance, can be used with FRAX®, the WHO-supported fracture risk assessment tool. NOGG provides intervention thresholds based on fracture probabilities computed from clinical risk factors for fracture with or without information on BMD that are readily accessed by primary care physicians for the assessment of all postmenopausal women and men over the age of 50 years. The NICE guidance is based on a health economic assessment of several interventions. The model used to assess cost-effectiveness is based on Gaussian regression functions which were derived from an individual state transition model. Since the source individual state transition model is not available, the Gaussian functions cannot be evaluated. Moreover, neither the internal nor external validity of the model is established, and the model is not accessible for such an evaluation. Although the NICE model incorporates the clinical risk factors (CRFs) used in FRAX, it neglects the impact of CRFs on the death hazards giving estimates of fracture probability that differ from those using FRAX®. The estimates of cost-effectiveness differ from reference models for reasons that relate in part to the model construct and in particular to the assumptions used to populate the model. Conclusions The guidance provided by NICE is cumbersome and cannot be readily used in the setting of primary care. The model on which the guidance is based is opaque. 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| score |
7.4001036 |