Contactless Mixing of Liquid Metals
Abstract This work is devoted to the numerical study of mixing two miscible liquid metals, e.g., Sn and Pb, that are driven either separately by a rotating magnetic field (RMF), by a traveling magnetic field (TMF), or by a combination of both fields from the state of rest. The geometry studied is an...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Nikrityuk, P. A. [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2009 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Anmerkung: |
© THE MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY and ASM INTERNATIONAL 2009 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Metallurgical and materials transactions - New York, NY : Springer Sciences & Business Media, 1975, 41(2009), 1 vom: 03. Dez., Seite 94-111 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:41 ; year:2009 ; number:1 ; day:03 ; month:12 ; pages:94-111 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1007/s11663-009-9320-5 |
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| Katalog-ID: |
SPR021448256 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Nikrityuk, P. A. |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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| 520 | |a Abstract This work is devoted to the numerical study of mixing two miscible liquid metals, e.g., Sn and Pb, that are driven either separately by a rotating magnetic field (RMF), by a traveling magnetic field (TMF), or by a combination of both fields from the state of rest. The geometry studied is an enclosed cylindrical cavity with an aspect ratio equal to unity (the diameter of the cylinder is equal to its height, 2R0 = H0). The initial condition is a cylinder with the lower half filled with a melt that has two times the molecular viscosity of the liquid in the upper part of the cavity. Based on the mixture model of the two-fluid flow and the axisymmetric Navier–Stokes equations, the transient transport of momentum as well as the species for rotary and axial stirring is modeled. The numerical simulations were performed under microgravity conditions for Ekman numbers between $ 10^{−3} $ and $ 10^{−4} $ for the RMF-driven flow and for Reynolds numbers between 100 and 400 for TMF-driven flow that corresponded to both laminar and weak turbulent flows. The simulations analysis showed that for RMF, the rapid increase in the mixing rate occurs because of randomly appearing Taylor–Görtler vortices that move up and down along the side wall of the cylinder and that dissipate in the Bödewadt layers. The TMF stirring with forcing parameters that produced laminar flow offers a better mixing performance than the RMF stirring at the same magnetic field intensity. However, with an increase in magnetic forcing, the RMF and TMF lead to comparable mixing times for the same value of magnetic field induction. Additionally, we discuss different mixing scenarios that include the use of time-modulated RMF and TMF. Numerical simulations showed that the discontinuous superposition of RMF and TMF—defined as the sequential switching on and off of both fields with a well-defined period—enhances the mixing in comparison with the non-superimposed case. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Lorentz Force |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Numerical Diffusion |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Rotate Magnetic Field |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Toroidal Vortex |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Ekman Number |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Eckert, K. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Grundmann, R. |4 aut | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |t Metallurgical and materials transactions |d New York, NY : Springer Sciences & Business Media, 1975 |g 41(2009), 1 vom: 03. Dez., Seite 94-111 |w (DE-627)325572062 |w (DE-600)2037524-4 |x 1543-1916 |7 nnns |
| 773 | 1 | 8 | |g volume:41 |g year:2009 |g number:1 |g day:03 |g month:12 |g pages:94-111 |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-009-9320-5 |z lizenzpflichtig |3 Volltext |
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10.1007/s11663-009-9320-5 doi (DE-627)SPR021448256 (SPR)s11663-009-9320-5-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Nikrityuk, P. A. verfasserin aut Contactless Mixing of Liquid Metals 2009 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © THE MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY and ASM INTERNATIONAL 2009 Abstract This work is devoted to the numerical study of mixing two miscible liquid metals, e.g., Sn and Pb, that are driven either separately by a rotating magnetic field (RMF), by a traveling magnetic field (TMF), or by a combination of both fields from the state of rest. The geometry studied is an enclosed cylindrical cavity with an aspect ratio equal to unity (the diameter of the cylinder is equal to its height, 2R0 = H0). The initial condition is a cylinder with the lower half filled with a melt that has two times the molecular viscosity of the liquid in the upper part of the cavity. Based on the mixture model of the two-fluid flow and the axisymmetric Navier–Stokes equations, the transient transport of momentum as well as the species for rotary and axial stirring is modeled. The numerical simulations were performed under microgravity conditions for Ekman numbers between $ 10^{−3} $ and $ 10^{−4} $ for the RMF-driven flow and for Reynolds numbers between 100 and 400 for TMF-driven flow that corresponded to both laminar and weak turbulent flows. The simulations analysis showed that for RMF, the rapid increase in the mixing rate occurs because of randomly appearing Taylor–Görtler vortices that move up and down along the side wall of the cylinder and that dissipate in the Bödewadt layers. The TMF stirring with forcing parameters that produced laminar flow offers a better mixing performance than the RMF stirring at the same magnetic field intensity. However, with an increase in magnetic forcing, the RMF and TMF lead to comparable mixing times for the same value of magnetic field induction. Additionally, we discuss different mixing scenarios that include the use of time-modulated RMF and TMF. Numerical simulations showed that the discontinuous superposition of RMF and TMF—defined as the sequential switching on and off of both fields with a well-defined period—enhances the mixing in comparison with the non-superimposed case. Lorentz Force (dpeaa)DE-He213 Numerical Diffusion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Rotate Magnetic Field (dpeaa)DE-He213 Toroidal Vortex (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ekman Number (dpeaa)DE-He213 Eckert, K. aut Grundmann, R. aut Enthalten in Metallurgical and materials transactions New York, NY : Springer Sciences & Business Media, 1975 41(2009), 1 vom: 03. Dez., Seite 94-111 (DE-627)325572062 (DE-600)2037524-4 1543-1916 nnns volume:41 year:2009 number:1 day:03 month:12 pages:94-111 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-009-9320-5 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 41 2009 1 03 12 94-111 |
| spelling |
10.1007/s11663-009-9320-5 doi (DE-627)SPR021448256 (SPR)s11663-009-9320-5-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Nikrityuk, P. A. verfasserin aut Contactless Mixing of Liquid Metals 2009 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © THE MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY and ASM INTERNATIONAL 2009 Abstract This work is devoted to the numerical study of mixing two miscible liquid metals, e.g., Sn and Pb, that are driven either separately by a rotating magnetic field (RMF), by a traveling magnetic field (TMF), or by a combination of both fields from the state of rest. The geometry studied is an enclosed cylindrical cavity with an aspect ratio equal to unity (the diameter of the cylinder is equal to its height, 2R0 = H0). The initial condition is a cylinder with the lower half filled with a melt that has two times the molecular viscosity of the liquid in the upper part of the cavity. Based on the mixture model of the two-fluid flow and the axisymmetric Navier–Stokes equations, the transient transport of momentum as well as the species for rotary and axial stirring is modeled. The numerical simulations were performed under microgravity conditions for Ekman numbers between $ 10^{−3} $ and $ 10^{−4} $ for the RMF-driven flow and for Reynolds numbers between 100 and 400 for TMF-driven flow that corresponded to both laminar and weak turbulent flows. The simulations analysis showed that for RMF, the rapid increase in the mixing rate occurs because of randomly appearing Taylor–Görtler vortices that move up and down along the side wall of the cylinder and that dissipate in the Bödewadt layers. The TMF stirring with forcing parameters that produced laminar flow offers a better mixing performance than the RMF stirring at the same magnetic field intensity. However, with an increase in magnetic forcing, the RMF and TMF lead to comparable mixing times for the same value of magnetic field induction. Additionally, we discuss different mixing scenarios that include the use of time-modulated RMF and TMF. Numerical simulations showed that the discontinuous superposition of RMF and TMF—defined as the sequential switching on and off of both fields with a well-defined period—enhances the mixing in comparison with the non-superimposed case. Lorentz Force (dpeaa)DE-He213 Numerical Diffusion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Rotate Magnetic Field (dpeaa)DE-He213 Toroidal Vortex (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ekman Number (dpeaa)DE-He213 Eckert, K. aut Grundmann, R. aut Enthalten in Metallurgical and materials transactions New York, NY : Springer Sciences & Business Media, 1975 41(2009), 1 vom: 03. Dez., Seite 94-111 (DE-627)325572062 (DE-600)2037524-4 1543-1916 nnns volume:41 year:2009 number:1 day:03 month:12 pages:94-111 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-009-9320-5 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 41 2009 1 03 12 94-111 |
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10.1007/s11663-009-9320-5 doi (DE-627)SPR021448256 (SPR)s11663-009-9320-5-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Nikrityuk, P. A. verfasserin aut Contactless Mixing of Liquid Metals 2009 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © THE MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY and ASM INTERNATIONAL 2009 Abstract This work is devoted to the numerical study of mixing two miscible liquid metals, e.g., Sn and Pb, that are driven either separately by a rotating magnetic field (RMF), by a traveling magnetic field (TMF), or by a combination of both fields from the state of rest. The geometry studied is an enclosed cylindrical cavity with an aspect ratio equal to unity (the diameter of the cylinder is equal to its height, 2R0 = H0). The initial condition is a cylinder with the lower half filled with a melt that has two times the molecular viscosity of the liquid in the upper part of the cavity. Based on the mixture model of the two-fluid flow and the axisymmetric Navier–Stokes equations, the transient transport of momentum as well as the species for rotary and axial stirring is modeled. The numerical simulations were performed under microgravity conditions for Ekman numbers between $ 10^{−3} $ and $ 10^{−4} $ for the RMF-driven flow and for Reynolds numbers between 100 and 400 for TMF-driven flow that corresponded to both laminar and weak turbulent flows. The simulations analysis showed that for RMF, the rapid increase in the mixing rate occurs because of randomly appearing Taylor–Görtler vortices that move up and down along the side wall of the cylinder and that dissipate in the Bödewadt layers. The TMF stirring with forcing parameters that produced laminar flow offers a better mixing performance than the RMF stirring at the same magnetic field intensity. However, with an increase in magnetic forcing, the RMF and TMF lead to comparable mixing times for the same value of magnetic field induction. Additionally, we discuss different mixing scenarios that include the use of time-modulated RMF and TMF. Numerical simulations showed that the discontinuous superposition of RMF and TMF—defined as the sequential switching on and off of both fields with a well-defined period—enhances the mixing in comparison with the non-superimposed case. Lorentz Force (dpeaa)DE-He213 Numerical Diffusion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Rotate Magnetic Field (dpeaa)DE-He213 Toroidal Vortex (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ekman Number (dpeaa)DE-He213 Eckert, K. aut Grundmann, R. aut Enthalten in Metallurgical and materials transactions New York, NY : Springer Sciences & Business Media, 1975 41(2009), 1 vom: 03. Dez., Seite 94-111 (DE-627)325572062 (DE-600)2037524-4 1543-1916 nnns volume:41 year:2009 number:1 day:03 month:12 pages:94-111 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-009-9320-5 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 41 2009 1 03 12 94-111 |
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10.1007/s11663-009-9320-5 doi (DE-627)SPR021448256 (SPR)s11663-009-9320-5-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Nikrityuk, P. A. verfasserin aut Contactless Mixing of Liquid Metals 2009 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © THE MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY and ASM INTERNATIONAL 2009 Abstract This work is devoted to the numerical study of mixing two miscible liquid metals, e.g., Sn and Pb, that are driven either separately by a rotating magnetic field (RMF), by a traveling magnetic field (TMF), or by a combination of both fields from the state of rest. The geometry studied is an enclosed cylindrical cavity with an aspect ratio equal to unity (the diameter of the cylinder is equal to its height, 2R0 = H0). The initial condition is a cylinder with the lower half filled with a melt that has two times the molecular viscosity of the liquid in the upper part of the cavity. Based on the mixture model of the two-fluid flow and the axisymmetric Navier–Stokes equations, the transient transport of momentum as well as the species for rotary and axial stirring is modeled. The numerical simulations were performed under microgravity conditions for Ekman numbers between $ 10^{−3} $ and $ 10^{−4} $ for the RMF-driven flow and for Reynolds numbers between 100 and 400 for TMF-driven flow that corresponded to both laminar and weak turbulent flows. The simulations analysis showed that for RMF, the rapid increase in the mixing rate occurs because of randomly appearing Taylor–Görtler vortices that move up and down along the side wall of the cylinder and that dissipate in the Bödewadt layers. The TMF stirring with forcing parameters that produced laminar flow offers a better mixing performance than the RMF stirring at the same magnetic field intensity. However, with an increase in magnetic forcing, the RMF and TMF lead to comparable mixing times for the same value of magnetic field induction. Additionally, we discuss different mixing scenarios that include the use of time-modulated RMF and TMF. Numerical simulations showed that the discontinuous superposition of RMF and TMF—defined as the sequential switching on and off of both fields with a well-defined period—enhances the mixing in comparison with the non-superimposed case. Lorentz Force (dpeaa)DE-He213 Numerical Diffusion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Rotate Magnetic Field (dpeaa)DE-He213 Toroidal Vortex (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ekman Number (dpeaa)DE-He213 Eckert, K. aut Grundmann, R. aut Enthalten in Metallurgical and materials transactions New York, NY : Springer Sciences & Business Media, 1975 41(2009), 1 vom: 03. Dez., Seite 94-111 (DE-627)325572062 (DE-600)2037524-4 1543-1916 nnns volume:41 year:2009 number:1 day:03 month:12 pages:94-111 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-009-9320-5 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 41 2009 1 03 12 94-111 |
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10.1007/s11663-009-9320-5 doi (DE-627)SPR021448256 (SPR)s11663-009-9320-5-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Nikrityuk, P. A. verfasserin aut Contactless Mixing of Liquid Metals 2009 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © THE MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY and ASM INTERNATIONAL 2009 Abstract This work is devoted to the numerical study of mixing two miscible liquid metals, e.g., Sn and Pb, that are driven either separately by a rotating magnetic field (RMF), by a traveling magnetic field (TMF), or by a combination of both fields from the state of rest. The geometry studied is an enclosed cylindrical cavity with an aspect ratio equal to unity (the diameter of the cylinder is equal to its height, 2R0 = H0). The initial condition is a cylinder with the lower half filled with a melt that has two times the molecular viscosity of the liquid in the upper part of the cavity. Based on the mixture model of the two-fluid flow and the axisymmetric Navier–Stokes equations, the transient transport of momentum as well as the species for rotary and axial stirring is modeled. The numerical simulations were performed under microgravity conditions for Ekman numbers between $ 10^{−3} $ and $ 10^{−4} $ for the RMF-driven flow and for Reynolds numbers between 100 and 400 for TMF-driven flow that corresponded to both laminar and weak turbulent flows. The simulations analysis showed that for RMF, the rapid increase in the mixing rate occurs because of randomly appearing Taylor–Görtler vortices that move up and down along the side wall of the cylinder and that dissipate in the Bödewadt layers. The TMF stirring with forcing parameters that produced laminar flow offers a better mixing performance than the RMF stirring at the same magnetic field intensity. However, with an increase in magnetic forcing, the RMF and TMF lead to comparable mixing times for the same value of magnetic field induction. Additionally, we discuss different mixing scenarios that include the use of time-modulated RMF and TMF. Numerical simulations showed that the discontinuous superposition of RMF and TMF—defined as the sequential switching on and off of both fields with a well-defined period—enhances the mixing in comparison with the non-superimposed case. Lorentz Force (dpeaa)DE-He213 Numerical Diffusion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Rotate Magnetic Field (dpeaa)DE-He213 Toroidal Vortex (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ekman Number (dpeaa)DE-He213 Eckert, K. aut Grundmann, R. aut Enthalten in Metallurgical and materials transactions New York, NY : Springer Sciences & Business Media, 1975 41(2009), 1 vom: 03. Dez., Seite 94-111 (DE-627)325572062 (DE-600)2037524-4 1543-1916 nnns volume:41 year:2009 number:1 day:03 month:12 pages:94-111 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-009-9320-5 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 41 2009 1 03 12 94-111 |
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Enthalten in Metallurgical and materials transactions 41(2009), 1 vom: 03. Dez., Seite 94-111 volume:41 year:2009 number:1 day:03 month:12 pages:94-111 |
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Enthalten in Metallurgical and materials transactions 41(2009), 1 vom: 03. Dez., Seite 94-111 volume:41 year:2009 number:1 day:03 month:12 pages:94-111 |
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Lorentz Force Numerical Diffusion Rotate Magnetic Field Toroidal Vortex Ekman Number |
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Nikrityuk, P. A. @@aut@@ Eckert, K. @@aut@@ Grundmann, R. @@aut@@ |
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A.</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Contactless Mixing of Liquid Metals</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2009</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">© THE MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY and ASM INTERNATIONAL 2009</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Abstract This work is devoted to the numerical study of mixing two miscible liquid metals, e.g., Sn and Pb, that are driven either separately by a rotating magnetic field (RMF), by a traveling magnetic field (TMF), or by a combination of both fields from the state of rest. The geometry studied is an enclosed cylindrical cavity with an aspect ratio equal to unity (the diameter of the cylinder is equal to its height, 2R0 = H0). The initial condition is a cylinder with the lower half filled with a melt that has two times the molecular viscosity of the liquid in the upper part of the cavity. Based on the mixture model of the two-fluid flow and the axisymmetric Navier–Stokes equations, the transient transport of momentum as well as the species for rotary and axial stirring is modeled. The numerical simulations were performed under microgravity conditions for Ekman numbers between $ 10^{−3} $ and $ 10^{−4} $ for the RMF-driven flow and for Reynolds numbers between 100 and 400 for TMF-driven flow that corresponded to both laminar and weak turbulent flows. The simulations analysis showed that for RMF, the rapid increase in the mixing rate occurs because of randomly appearing Taylor–Görtler vortices that move up and down along the side wall of the cylinder and that dissipate in the Bödewadt layers. The TMF stirring with forcing parameters that produced laminar flow offers a better mixing performance than the RMF stirring at the same magnetic field intensity. However, with an increase in magnetic forcing, the RMF and TMF lead to comparable mixing times for the same value of magnetic field induction. Additionally, we discuss different mixing scenarios that include the use of time-modulated RMF and TMF. 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Nikrityuk, P. A. |
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Nikrityuk, P. A. misc Lorentz Force misc Numerical Diffusion misc Rotate Magnetic Field misc Toroidal Vortex misc Ekman Number Contactless Mixing of Liquid Metals |
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Contactless Mixing of Liquid Metals Lorentz Force (dpeaa)DE-He213 Numerical Diffusion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Rotate Magnetic Field (dpeaa)DE-He213 Toroidal Vortex (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ekman Number (dpeaa)DE-He213 |
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contactless mixing of liquid metals |
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Contactless Mixing of Liquid Metals |
| abstract |
Abstract This work is devoted to the numerical study of mixing two miscible liquid metals, e.g., Sn and Pb, that are driven either separately by a rotating magnetic field (RMF), by a traveling magnetic field (TMF), or by a combination of both fields from the state of rest. The geometry studied is an enclosed cylindrical cavity with an aspect ratio equal to unity (the diameter of the cylinder is equal to its height, 2R0 = H0). The initial condition is a cylinder with the lower half filled with a melt that has two times the molecular viscosity of the liquid in the upper part of the cavity. Based on the mixture model of the two-fluid flow and the axisymmetric Navier–Stokes equations, the transient transport of momentum as well as the species for rotary and axial stirring is modeled. The numerical simulations were performed under microgravity conditions for Ekman numbers between $ 10^{−3} $ and $ 10^{−4} $ for the RMF-driven flow and for Reynolds numbers between 100 and 400 for TMF-driven flow that corresponded to both laminar and weak turbulent flows. The simulations analysis showed that for RMF, the rapid increase in the mixing rate occurs because of randomly appearing Taylor–Görtler vortices that move up and down along the side wall of the cylinder and that dissipate in the Bödewadt layers. The TMF stirring with forcing parameters that produced laminar flow offers a better mixing performance than the RMF stirring at the same magnetic field intensity. However, with an increase in magnetic forcing, the RMF and TMF lead to comparable mixing times for the same value of magnetic field induction. Additionally, we discuss different mixing scenarios that include the use of time-modulated RMF and TMF. Numerical simulations showed that the discontinuous superposition of RMF and TMF—defined as the sequential switching on and off of both fields with a well-defined period—enhances the mixing in comparison with the non-superimposed case. © THE MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY and ASM INTERNATIONAL 2009 |
| abstractGer |
Abstract This work is devoted to the numerical study of mixing two miscible liquid metals, e.g., Sn and Pb, that are driven either separately by a rotating magnetic field (RMF), by a traveling magnetic field (TMF), or by a combination of both fields from the state of rest. The geometry studied is an enclosed cylindrical cavity with an aspect ratio equal to unity (the diameter of the cylinder is equal to its height, 2R0 = H0). The initial condition is a cylinder with the lower half filled with a melt that has two times the molecular viscosity of the liquid in the upper part of the cavity. Based on the mixture model of the two-fluid flow and the axisymmetric Navier–Stokes equations, the transient transport of momentum as well as the species for rotary and axial stirring is modeled. The numerical simulations were performed under microgravity conditions for Ekman numbers between $ 10^{−3} $ and $ 10^{−4} $ for the RMF-driven flow and for Reynolds numbers between 100 and 400 for TMF-driven flow that corresponded to both laminar and weak turbulent flows. The simulations analysis showed that for RMF, the rapid increase in the mixing rate occurs because of randomly appearing Taylor–Görtler vortices that move up and down along the side wall of the cylinder and that dissipate in the Bödewadt layers. The TMF stirring with forcing parameters that produced laminar flow offers a better mixing performance than the RMF stirring at the same magnetic field intensity. However, with an increase in magnetic forcing, the RMF and TMF lead to comparable mixing times for the same value of magnetic field induction. Additionally, we discuss different mixing scenarios that include the use of time-modulated RMF and TMF. Numerical simulations showed that the discontinuous superposition of RMF and TMF—defined as the sequential switching on and off of both fields with a well-defined period—enhances the mixing in comparison with the non-superimposed case. © THE MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY and ASM INTERNATIONAL 2009 |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Abstract This work is devoted to the numerical study of mixing two miscible liquid metals, e.g., Sn and Pb, that are driven either separately by a rotating magnetic field (RMF), by a traveling magnetic field (TMF), or by a combination of both fields from the state of rest. The geometry studied is an enclosed cylindrical cavity with an aspect ratio equal to unity (the diameter of the cylinder is equal to its height, 2R0 = H0). The initial condition is a cylinder with the lower half filled with a melt that has two times the molecular viscosity of the liquid in the upper part of the cavity. Based on the mixture model of the two-fluid flow and the axisymmetric Navier–Stokes equations, the transient transport of momentum as well as the species for rotary and axial stirring is modeled. The numerical simulations were performed under microgravity conditions for Ekman numbers between $ 10^{−3} $ and $ 10^{−4} $ for the RMF-driven flow and for Reynolds numbers between 100 and 400 for TMF-driven flow that corresponded to both laminar and weak turbulent flows. The simulations analysis showed that for RMF, the rapid increase in the mixing rate occurs because of randomly appearing Taylor–Görtler vortices that move up and down along the side wall of the cylinder and that dissipate in the Bödewadt layers. The TMF stirring with forcing parameters that produced laminar flow offers a better mixing performance than the RMF stirring at the same magnetic field intensity. However, with an increase in magnetic forcing, the RMF and TMF lead to comparable mixing times for the same value of magnetic field induction. Additionally, we discuss different mixing scenarios that include the use of time-modulated RMF and TMF. Numerical simulations showed that the discontinuous superposition of RMF and TMF—defined as the sequential switching on and off of both fields with a well-defined period—enhances the mixing in comparison with the non-superimposed case. © THE MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY and ASM INTERNATIONAL 2009 |
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1 |
| title_short |
Contactless Mixing of Liquid Metals |
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https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-009-9320-5 |
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| author2 |
Eckert, K. Grundmann, R. |
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| doi_str |
10.1007/s11663-009-9320-5 |
| up_date |
2024-07-03T22:37:08.611Z |
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| score |
7.401737 |