Effects of grazing on natural regeneration of tree and herb species of Kheyroud forest in northern Iran

Abstract We investigated the effects of grazing on natural regeneration, quantity, and diversity of woody species and dominant herb species in Kheyroud forest in northern Iran. We sampled vegetation in $ 5m^{2} $ plots in custom units, which are demarcated resource areas traditionally used by local...
Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Pour, Mohsen Javanmiri [verfasserIn] Mohadjer, Mohmmad Reza Marvie [verfasserIn] Etemad, Vahid [verfasserIn] Zobeiri, Mahmoud [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2012

Schlagwörter:	forest grazing forest vegetation recovery forest floral diversity sustainable forestry defective and deformed seedlings

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Journal of forestry research - Harbin : Univ., 1990, 23(2012), 2 vom: 02. Mai, Seite 299-304
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:23 ; year:2012 ; number:2 ; day:02 ; month:05 ; pages:299-304

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1007/s11676-012-0256-2

Katalog-ID:	SPR022195068

Internformat


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100	1		\|a Pour, Mohsen Javanmiri \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
245	1	0	\|a Effects of grazing on natural regeneration of tree and herb species of Kheyroud forest in northern Iran
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520			\|a Abstract We investigated the effects of grazing on natural regeneration, quantity, and diversity of woody species and dominant herb species in Kheyroud forest in northern Iran. We sampled vegetation in $ 5m^{2} $ plots in custom units, which are demarcated resource areas traditionally used by local livestock producers. The authors quantified number of species, height of seedlings, and diameter of seedlings. Height classes were 0–30 cm, 30–130 cm, and >130 cm, and diameter classes were 0–2.5 cm, 2.5–5 cm and 5–7.5 cm. The density of seedlings declined with distance from corral until reaching the custom unit boundary. Most seedlings had diameters of 0–2.5 cm and heights of 0–30 cm. Predominant species, Carpinus betulus and Acer capadocicum, were in plots near the centers of custom units, Fagus orientalis, Acer velutinum, Quercus castanifolia species were dominant in plots near the custom unit boundary. Plant species such as Oplismenus undulatifolius, Euphorbia amygdaloides, Rubus fruticos and Pteridium aquilinum were dominant in plots nearer to forest corral. Healthy seedlings were more numerous in plots nearest the corral, while defective and deformed seedlings were more abundant away from the corral. We conclude that grazing had negative effects on the quantity and quality of vegetative regeneration. Continuation of overgrazing will not only endanger the sustainability of forest ecosystems, but also will increase the challenge of sustainable forest management.
650		4	\|a forest grazing \|7 (dpeaa)DE-He213
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650		4	\|a forest floral diversity \|7 (dpeaa)DE-He213
650		4	\|a sustainable forestry \|7 (dpeaa)DE-He213
650		4	\|a defective and deformed seedlings \|7 (dpeaa)DE-He213
700	1		\|a Mohadjer, Mohmmad Reza Marvie \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	1		\|a Etemad, Vahid \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	1		\|a Zobeiri, Mahmoud \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
773	0	8	\|i Enthalten in \|t Journal of forestry research \|d Harbin : Univ., 1990 \|g 23(2012), 2 vom: 02. Mai, Seite 299-304 \|w (DE-627)529093545 \|w (DE-600)2299615-1 \|x 1993-0607 \|7 nnns
773	1	8	\|g volume:23 \|g year:2012 \|g number:2 \|g day:02 \|g month:05 \|g pages:299-304
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951			\|a AR
952			\|d 23 \|j 2012 \|e 2 \|b 02 \|c 05 \|h 299-304

Indexfelder

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matchkey_str	article:19930607:2012----::fetogaignauargnrtooteadebpceoke
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publishDate	2012
allfields	10.1007/s11676-012-0256-2 doi (DE-627)SPR022195068 (SPR)s11676-012-0256-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 630 640 ASE Pour, Mohsen Javanmiri verfasserin aut Effects of grazing on natural regeneration of tree and herb species of Kheyroud forest in northern Iran 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract We investigated the effects of grazing on natural regeneration, quantity, and diversity of woody species and dominant herb species in Kheyroud forest in northern Iran. We sampled vegetation in $ 5m^{2} $ plots in custom units, which are demarcated resource areas traditionally used by local livestock producers. The authors quantified number of species, height of seedlings, and diameter of seedlings. Height classes were 0–30 cm, 30–130 cm, and >130 cm, and diameter classes were 0–2.5 cm, 2.5–5 cm and 5–7.5 cm. The density of seedlings declined with distance from corral until reaching the custom unit boundary. Most seedlings had diameters of 0–2.5 cm and heights of 0–30 cm. Predominant species, Carpinus betulus and Acer capadocicum, were in plots near the centers of custom units, Fagus orientalis, Acer velutinum, Quercus castanifolia species were dominant in plots near the custom unit boundary. Plant species such as Oplismenus undulatifolius, Euphorbia amygdaloides, Rubus fruticos and Pteridium aquilinum were dominant in plots nearer to forest corral. Healthy seedlings were more numerous in plots nearest the corral, while defective and deformed seedlings were more abundant away from the corral. We conclude that grazing had negative effects on the quantity and quality of vegetative regeneration. Continuation of overgrazing will not only endanger the sustainability of forest ecosystems, but also will increase the challenge of sustainable forest management. forest grazing (dpeaa)DE-He213 forest vegetation recovery (dpeaa)DE-He213 forest floral diversity (dpeaa)DE-He213 sustainable forestry (dpeaa)DE-He213 defective and deformed seedlings (dpeaa)DE-He213 Mohadjer, Mohmmad Reza Marvie verfasserin aut Etemad, Vahid verfasserin aut Zobeiri, Mahmoud verfasserin aut Enthalten in Journal of forestry research Harbin : Univ., 1990 23(2012), 2 vom: 02. Mai, Seite 299-304 (DE-627)529093545 (DE-600)2299615-1 1993-0607 nnns volume:23 year:2012 number:2 day:02 month:05 pages:299-304 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-012-0256-2 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OPC-FOR SSG-OPC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_121 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_374 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_647 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2036 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_2700 GBV_ILN_2817 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4277 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4346 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4392 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 GBV_ILN_4753 AR 23 2012 2 02 05 299-304
spelling	10.1007/s11676-012-0256-2 doi (DE-627)SPR022195068 (SPR)s11676-012-0256-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 630 640 ASE Pour, Mohsen Javanmiri verfasserin aut Effects of grazing on natural regeneration of tree and herb species of Kheyroud forest in northern Iran 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract We investigated the effects of grazing on natural regeneration, quantity, and diversity of woody species and dominant herb species in Kheyroud forest in northern Iran. We sampled vegetation in $ 5m^{2} $ plots in custom units, which are demarcated resource areas traditionally used by local livestock producers. The authors quantified number of species, height of seedlings, and diameter of seedlings. Height classes were 0–30 cm, 30–130 cm, and >130 cm, and diameter classes were 0–2.5 cm, 2.5–5 cm and 5–7.5 cm. The density of seedlings declined with distance from corral until reaching the custom unit boundary. Most seedlings had diameters of 0–2.5 cm and heights of 0–30 cm. Predominant species, Carpinus betulus and Acer capadocicum, were in plots near the centers of custom units, Fagus orientalis, Acer velutinum, Quercus castanifolia species were dominant in plots near the custom unit boundary. Plant species such as Oplismenus undulatifolius, Euphorbia amygdaloides, Rubus fruticos and Pteridium aquilinum were dominant in plots nearer to forest corral. Healthy seedlings were more numerous in plots nearest the corral, while defective and deformed seedlings were more abundant away from the corral. We conclude that grazing had negative effects on the quantity and quality of vegetative regeneration. Continuation of overgrazing will not only endanger the sustainability of forest ecosystems, but also will increase the challenge of sustainable forest management. forest grazing (dpeaa)DE-He213 forest vegetation recovery (dpeaa)DE-He213 forest floral diversity (dpeaa)DE-He213 sustainable forestry (dpeaa)DE-He213 defective and deformed seedlings (dpeaa)DE-He213 Mohadjer, Mohmmad Reza Marvie verfasserin aut Etemad, Vahid verfasserin aut Zobeiri, Mahmoud verfasserin aut Enthalten in Journal of forestry research Harbin : Univ., 1990 23(2012), 2 vom: 02. Mai, Seite 299-304 (DE-627)529093545 (DE-600)2299615-1 1993-0607 nnns volume:23 year:2012 number:2 day:02 month:05 pages:299-304 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-012-0256-2 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OPC-FOR SSG-OPC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_121 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_374 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_647 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2036 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_2700 GBV_ILN_2817 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4277 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4346 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4392 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 GBV_ILN_4753 AR 23 2012 2 02 05 299-304
allfields_unstemmed	10.1007/s11676-012-0256-2 doi (DE-627)SPR022195068 (SPR)s11676-012-0256-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 630 640 ASE Pour, Mohsen Javanmiri verfasserin aut Effects of grazing on natural regeneration of tree and herb species of Kheyroud forest in northern Iran 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract We investigated the effects of grazing on natural regeneration, quantity, and diversity of woody species and dominant herb species in Kheyroud forest in northern Iran. We sampled vegetation in $ 5m^{2} $ plots in custom units, which are demarcated resource areas traditionally used by local livestock producers. The authors quantified number of species, height of seedlings, and diameter of seedlings. Height classes were 0–30 cm, 30–130 cm, and >130 cm, and diameter classes were 0–2.5 cm, 2.5–5 cm and 5–7.5 cm. The density of seedlings declined with distance from corral until reaching the custom unit boundary. Most seedlings had diameters of 0–2.5 cm and heights of 0–30 cm. Predominant species, Carpinus betulus and Acer capadocicum, were in plots near the centers of custom units, Fagus orientalis, Acer velutinum, Quercus castanifolia species were dominant in plots near the custom unit boundary. Plant species such as Oplismenus undulatifolius, Euphorbia amygdaloides, Rubus fruticos and Pteridium aquilinum were dominant in plots nearer to forest corral. Healthy seedlings were more numerous in plots nearest the corral, while defective and deformed seedlings were more abundant away from the corral. We conclude that grazing had negative effects on the quantity and quality of vegetative regeneration. Continuation of overgrazing will not only endanger the sustainability of forest ecosystems, but also will increase the challenge of sustainable forest management. forest grazing (dpeaa)DE-He213 forest vegetation recovery (dpeaa)DE-He213 forest floral diversity (dpeaa)DE-He213 sustainable forestry (dpeaa)DE-He213 defective and deformed seedlings (dpeaa)DE-He213 Mohadjer, Mohmmad Reza Marvie verfasserin aut Etemad, Vahid verfasserin aut Zobeiri, Mahmoud verfasserin aut Enthalten in Journal of forestry research Harbin : Univ., 1990 23(2012), 2 vom: 02. Mai, Seite 299-304 (DE-627)529093545 (DE-600)2299615-1 1993-0607 nnns volume:23 year:2012 number:2 day:02 month:05 pages:299-304 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-012-0256-2 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OPC-FOR SSG-OPC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_121 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_374 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_647 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2036 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_2700 GBV_ILN_2817 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4277 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4346 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4392 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 GBV_ILN_4753 AR 23 2012 2 02 05 299-304
allfieldsGer	10.1007/s11676-012-0256-2 doi (DE-627)SPR022195068 (SPR)s11676-012-0256-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 630 640 ASE Pour, Mohsen Javanmiri verfasserin aut Effects of grazing on natural regeneration of tree and herb species of Kheyroud forest in northern Iran 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract We investigated the effects of grazing on natural regeneration, quantity, and diversity of woody species and dominant herb species in Kheyroud forest in northern Iran. We sampled vegetation in $ 5m^{2} $ plots in custom units, which are demarcated resource areas traditionally used by local livestock producers. The authors quantified number of species, height of seedlings, and diameter of seedlings. Height classes were 0–30 cm, 30–130 cm, and >130 cm, and diameter classes were 0–2.5 cm, 2.5–5 cm and 5–7.5 cm. The density of seedlings declined with distance from corral until reaching the custom unit boundary. Most seedlings had diameters of 0–2.5 cm and heights of 0–30 cm. Predominant species, Carpinus betulus and Acer capadocicum, were in plots near the centers of custom units, Fagus orientalis, Acer velutinum, Quercus castanifolia species were dominant in plots near the custom unit boundary. Plant species such as Oplismenus undulatifolius, Euphorbia amygdaloides, Rubus fruticos and Pteridium aquilinum were dominant in plots nearer to forest corral. Healthy seedlings were more numerous in plots nearest the corral, while defective and deformed seedlings were more abundant away from the corral. We conclude that grazing had negative effects on the quantity and quality of vegetative regeneration. Continuation of overgrazing will not only endanger the sustainability of forest ecosystems, but also will increase the challenge of sustainable forest management. forest grazing (dpeaa)DE-He213 forest vegetation recovery (dpeaa)DE-He213 forest floral diversity (dpeaa)DE-He213 sustainable forestry (dpeaa)DE-He213 defective and deformed seedlings (dpeaa)DE-He213 Mohadjer, Mohmmad Reza Marvie verfasserin aut Etemad, Vahid verfasserin aut Zobeiri, Mahmoud verfasserin aut Enthalten in Journal of forestry research Harbin : Univ., 1990 23(2012), 2 vom: 02. Mai, Seite 299-304 (DE-627)529093545 (DE-600)2299615-1 1993-0607 nnns volume:23 year:2012 number:2 day:02 month:05 pages:299-304 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-012-0256-2 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OPC-FOR SSG-OPC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_121 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_374 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_647 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2036 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_2700 GBV_ILN_2817 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4277 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4346 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4392 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 GBV_ILN_4753 AR 23 2012 2 02 05 299-304
allfieldsSound	10.1007/s11676-012-0256-2 doi (DE-627)SPR022195068 (SPR)s11676-012-0256-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 630 640 ASE Pour, Mohsen Javanmiri verfasserin aut Effects of grazing on natural regeneration of tree and herb species of Kheyroud forest in northern Iran 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract We investigated the effects of grazing on natural regeneration, quantity, and diversity of woody species and dominant herb species in Kheyroud forest in northern Iran. We sampled vegetation in $ 5m^{2} $ plots in custom units, which are demarcated resource areas traditionally used by local livestock producers. The authors quantified number of species, height of seedlings, and diameter of seedlings. Height classes were 0–30 cm, 30–130 cm, and >130 cm, and diameter classes were 0–2.5 cm, 2.5–5 cm and 5–7.5 cm. The density of seedlings declined with distance from corral until reaching the custom unit boundary. Most seedlings had diameters of 0–2.5 cm and heights of 0–30 cm. Predominant species, Carpinus betulus and Acer capadocicum, were in plots near the centers of custom units, Fagus orientalis, Acer velutinum, Quercus castanifolia species were dominant in plots near the custom unit boundary. Plant species such as Oplismenus undulatifolius, Euphorbia amygdaloides, Rubus fruticos and Pteridium aquilinum were dominant in plots nearer to forest corral. Healthy seedlings were more numerous in plots nearest the corral, while defective and deformed seedlings were more abundant away from the corral. We conclude that grazing had negative effects on the quantity and quality of vegetative regeneration. Continuation of overgrazing will not only endanger the sustainability of forest ecosystems, but also will increase the challenge of sustainable forest management. forest grazing (dpeaa)DE-He213 forest vegetation recovery (dpeaa)DE-He213 forest floral diversity (dpeaa)DE-He213 sustainable forestry (dpeaa)DE-He213 defective and deformed seedlings (dpeaa)DE-He213 Mohadjer, Mohmmad Reza Marvie verfasserin aut Etemad, Vahid verfasserin aut Zobeiri, Mahmoud verfasserin aut Enthalten in Journal of forestry research Harbin : Univ., 1990 23(2012), 2 vom: 02. Mai, Seite 299-304 (DE-627)529093545 (DE-600)2299615-1 1993-0607 nnns volume:23 year:2012 number:2 day:02 month:05 pages:299-304 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-012-0256-2 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OPC-FOR SSG-OPC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_121 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_374 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_647 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2036 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_2700 GBV_ILN_2817 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4277 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4346 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4392 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 GBV_ILN_4753 AR 23 2012 2 02 05 299-304
language	English
source	Enthalten in Journal of forestry research 23(2012), 2 vom: 02. Mai, Seite 299-304 volume:23 year:2012 number:2 day:02 month:05 pages:299-304
sourceStr	Enthalten in Journal of forestry research 23(2012), 2 vom: 02. Mai, Seite 299-304 volume:23 year:2012 number:2 day:02 month:05 pages:299-304
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	forest grazing forest vegetation recovery forest floral diversity sustainable forestry defective and deformed seedlings
dewey-raw	630
isfreeaccess_bool	false
container_title	Journal of forestry research
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Pour, Mohsen Javanmiri @@aut@@ Mohadjer, Mohmmad Reza Marvie @@aut@@ Etemad, Vahid @@aut@@ Zobeiri, Mahmoud @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2012-05-02T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	529093545
dewey-sort	3630
id	SPR022195068
language_de	englisch
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author	Pour, Mohsen Javanmiri
spellingShingle	Pour, Mohsen Javanmiri ddc 630 misc forest grazing misc forest vegetation recovery misc forest floral diversity misc sustainable forestry misc defective and deformed seedlings Effects of grazing on natural regeneration of tree and herb species of Kheyroud forest in northern Iran
authorStr	Pour, Mohsen Javanmiri
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topic_title	630 640 ASE Effects of grazing on natural regeneration of tree and herb species of Kheyroud forest in northern Iran forest grazing (dpeaa)DE-He213 forest vegetation recovery (dpeaa)DE-He213 forest floral diversity (dpeaa)DE-He213 sustainable forestry (dpeaa)DE-He213 defective and deformed seedlings (dpeaa)DE-He213
topic	ddc 630 misc forest grazing misc forest vegetation recovery misc forest floral diversity misc sustainable forestry misc defective and deformed seedlings
topic_unstemmed	ddc 630 misc forest grazing misc forest vegetation recovery misc forest floral diversity misc sustainable forestry misc defective and deformed seedlings
topic_browse	ddc 630 misc forest grazing misc forest vegetation recovery misc forest floral diversity misc sustainable forestry misc defective and deformed seedlings
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title	Effects of grazing on natural regeneration of tree and herb species of Kheyroud forest in northern Iran
ctrlnum	(DE-627)SPR022195068 (SPR)s11676-012-0256-2-e
title_full	Effects of grazing on natural regeneration of tree and herb species of Kheyroud forest in northern Iran
author_sort	Pour, Mohsen Javanmiri
journal	Journal of forestry research
journalStr	Journal of forestry research
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author_browse	Pour, Mohsen Javanmiri Mohadjer, Mohmmad Reza Marvie Etemad, Vahid Zobeiri, Mahmoud
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class	630 640 ASE
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author-letter	Pour, Mohsen Javanmiri
doi_str_mv	10.1007/s11676-012-0256-2
dewey-full	630 640
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title_sort	effects of grazing on natural regeneration of tree and herb species of kheyroud forest in northern iran
title_auth	Effects of grazing on natural regeneration of tree and herb species of Kheyroud forest in northern Iran
abstract	Abstract We investigated the effects of grazing on natural regeneration, quantity, and diversity of woody species and dominant herb species in Kheyroud forest in northern Iran. We sampled vegetation in $ 5m^{2} $ plots in custom units, which are demarcated resource areas traditionally used by local livestock producers. The authors quantified number of species, height of seedlings, and diameter of seedlings. Height classes were 0–30 cm, 30–130 cm, and >130 cm, and diameter classes were 0–2.5 cm, 2.5–5 cm and 5–7.5 cm. The density of seedlings declined with distance from corral until reaching the custom unit boundary. Most seedlings had diameters of 0–2.5 cm and heights of 0–30 cm. Predominant species, Carpinus betulus and Acer capadocicum, were in plots near the centers of custom units, Fagus orientalis, Acer velutinum, Quercus castanifolia species were dominant in plots near the custom unit boundary. Plant species such as Oplismenus undulatifolius, Euphorbia amygdaloides, Rubus fruticos and Pteridium aquilinum were dominant in plots nearer to forest corral. Healthy seedlings were more numerous in plots nearest the corral, while defective and deformed seedlings were more abundant away from the corral. We conclude that grazing had negative effects on the quantity and quality of vegetative regeneration. Continuation of overgrazing will not only endanger the sustainability of forest ecosystems, but also will increase the challenge of sustainable forest management.
abstractGer	Abstract We investigated the effects of grazing on natural regeneration, quantity, and diversity of woody species and dominant herb species in Kheyroud forest in northern Iran. We sampled vegetation in $ 5m^{2} $ plots in custom units, which are demarcated resource areas traditionally used by local livestock producers. The authors quantified number of species, height of seedlings, and diameter of seedlings. Height classes were 0–30 cm, 30–130 cm, and >130 cm, and diameter classes were 0–2.5 cm, 2.5–5 cm and 5–7.5 cm. The density of seedlings declined with distance from corral until reaching the custom unit boundary. Most seedlings had diameters of 0–2.5 cm and heights of 0–30 cm. Predominant species, Carpinus betulus and Acer capadocicum, were in plots near the centers of custom units, Fagus orientalis, Acer velutinum, Quercus castanifolia species were dominant in plots near the custom unit boundary. Plant species such as Oplismenus undulatifolius, Euphorbia amygdaloides, Rubus fruticos and Pteridium aquilinum were dominant in plots nearer to forest corral. Healthy seedlings were more numerous in plots nearest the corral, while defective and deformed seedlings were more abundant away from the corral. We conclude that grazing had negative effects on the quantity and quality of vegetative regeneration. Continuation of overgrazing will not only endanger the sustainability of forest ecosystems, but also will increase the challenge of sustainable forest management.
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract We investigated the effects of grazing on natural regeneration, quantity, and diversity of woody species and dominant herb species in Kheyroud forest in northern Iran. We sampled vegetation in $ 5m^{2} $ plots in custom units, which are demarcated resource areas traditionally used by local livestock producers. The authors quantified number of species, height of seedlings, and diameter of seedlings. Height classes were 0–30 cm, 30–130 cm, and >130 cm, and diameter classes were 0–2.5 cm, 2.5–5 cm and 5–7.5 cm. The density of seedlings declined with distance from corral until reaching the custom unit boundary. Most seedlings had diameters of 0–2.5 cm and heights of 0–30 cm. Predominant species, Carpinus betulus and Acer capadocicum, were in plots near the centers of custom units, Fagus orientalis, Acer velutinum, Quercus castanifolia species were dominant in plots near the custom unit boundary. Plant species such as Oplismenus undulatifolius, Euphorbia amygdaloides, Rubus fruticos and Pteridium aquilinum were dominant in plots nearer to forest corral. Healthy seedlings were more numerous in plots nearest the corral, while defective and deformed seedlings were more abundant away from the corral. We conclude that grazing had negative effects on the quantity and quality of vegetative regeneration. Continuation of overgrazing will not only endanger the sustainability of forest ecosystems, but also will increase the challenge of sustainable forest management.
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container_issue	2
title_short	Effects of grazing on natural regeneration of tree and herb species of Kheyroud forest in northern Iran
url	https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-012-0256-2
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author2	Mohadjer, Mohmmad Reza Marvie Etemad, Vahid Zobeiri, Mahmoud
author2Str	Mohadjer, Mohmmad Reza Marvie Etemad, Vahid Zobeiri, Mahmoud
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doi_str	10.1007/s11676-012-0256-2
up_date	2024-07-04T02:12:38.409Z
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Effects of grazing on natural regeneration of tree and herb species of Kheyroud forest in northern Iran

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Vorhandene Bände

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