The Best Laid Plans: Planning Skill Determines the Effectiveness of Action Plans and Implementation Intentions
Background Theories of action control emphasise the importance of planning, but plans are not universally beneficial. Purpose The present study investigates whether the effectiveness of plans depends upon the skill of the planner. Methods Study 1 prospectively predicted changes in unhealthy snacking...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Allan, Julia L. [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2013 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Anmerkung: |
© The Society of Behavioral Medicine 2013 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Annals of behavioral medicine - Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1995, 46(2013), 1 vom: 28. Feb., Seite 114-120 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:46 ; year:2013 ; number:1 ; day:28 ; month:02 ; pages:114-120 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1007/s12160-013-9483-9 |
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SPR025083465 |
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| 520 | |a Background Theories of action control emphasise the importance of planning, but plans are not universally beneficial. Purpose The present study investigates whether the effectiveness of plans depends upon the skill of the planner. Methods Study 1 prospectively predicted changes in unhealthy snacking behaviour over 1 week from intentions, action planning and performance on a standardised cognitive test of planning skill (n = 72). Study 2 experimentally randomised skilled and poor planners to receive (or not) a planning intervention before completing an online food diary (n = 144) Results Spontaneously generated action plans about snacking explained significantly more variance in subsequent snacking if produced by a skilled rather than a poor planner. The planning intervention (implementation intention) significantly improved goal attainment but only in poor planners. Conclusions Plans are only as good as the people who make them. Poor planners’ plans do not help achieve goals. Planning interventions can compensate for a lack of planning skill. | ||
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| 700 | 1 | |a Johnston, Marie |4 aut | |
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10.1007/s12160-013-9483-9 doi (DE-627)SPR025083465 (SPR)s12160-013-9483-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Allan, Julia L. verfasserin aut The Best Laid Plans: Planning Skill Determines the Effectiveness of Action Plans and Implementation Intentions 2013 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Society of Behavioral Medicine 2013 Background Theories of action control emphasise the importance of planning, but plans are not universally beneficial. Purpose The present study investigates whether the effectiveness of plans depends upon the skill of the planner. Methods Study 1 prospectively predicted changes in unhealthy snacking behaviour over 1 week from intentions, action planning and performance on a standardised cognitive test of planning skill (n = 72). Study 2 experimentally randomised skilled and poor planners to receive (or not) a planning intervention before completing an online food diary (n = 144) Results Spontaneously generated action plans about snacking explained significantly more variance in subsequent snacking if produced by a skilled rather than a poor planner. The planning intervention (implementation intention) significantly improved goal attainment but only in poor planners. Conclusions Plans are only as good as the people who make them. Poor planners’ plans do not help achieve goals. Planning interventions can compensate for a lack of planning skill. Planning (dpeaa)DE-He213 Plans (dpeaa)DE-He213 Implementation intentions (dpeaa)DE-He213 Action plans (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sniehotta, Falko F. aut Johnston, Marie aut Enthalten in Annals of behavioral medicine Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1995 46(2013), 1 vom: 28. Feb., Seite 114-120 (DE-627)331744414 (DE-600)2052310-5 1532-4796 nnns volume:46 year:2013 number:1 day:28 month:02 pages:114-120 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12160-013-9483-9 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 46 2013 1 28 02 114-120 |
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10.1007/s12160-013-9483-9 doi (DE-627)SPR025083465 (SPR)s12160-013-9483-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Allan, Julia L. verfasserin aut The Best Laid Plans: Planning Skill Determines the Effectiveness of Action Plans and Implementation Intentions 2013 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Society of Behavioral Medicine 2013 Background Theories of action control emphasise the importance of planning, but plans are not universally beneficial. Purpose The present study investigates whether the effectiveness of plans depends upon the skill of the planner. Methods Study 1 prospectively predicted changes in unhealthy snacking behaviour over 1 week from intentions, action planning and performance on a standardised cognitive test of planning skill (n = 72). Study 2 experimentally randomised skilled and poor planners to receive (or not) a planning intervention before completing an online food diary (n = 144) Results Spontaneously generated action plans about snacking explained significantly more variance in subsequent snacking if produced by a skilled rather than a poor planner. The planning intervention (implementation intention) significantly improved goal attainment but only in poor planners. Conclusions Plans are only as good as the people who make them. Poor planners’ plans do not help achieve goals. Planning interventions can compensate for a lack of planning skill. Planning (dpeaa)DE-He213 Plans (dpeaa)DE-He213 Implementation intentions (dpeaa)DE-He213 Action plans (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sniehotta, Falko F. aut Johnston, Marie aut Enthalten in Annals of behavioral medicine Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1995 46(2013), 1 vom: 28. Feb., Seite 114-120 (DE-627)331744414 (DE-600)2052310-5 1532-4796 nnns volume:46 year:2013 number:1 day:28 month:02 pages:114-120 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12160-013-9483-9 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 46 2013 1 28 02 114-120 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.1007/s12160-013-9483-9 doi (DE-627)SPR025083465 (SPR)s12160-013-9483-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Allan, Julia L. verfasserin aut The Best Laid Plans: Planning Skill Determines the Effectiveness of Action Plans and Implementation Intentions 2013 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Society of Behavioral Medicine 2013 Background Theories of action control emphasise the importance of planning, but plans are not universally beneficial. Purpose The present study investigates whether the effectiveness of plans depends upon the skill of the planner. Methods Study 1 prospectively predicted changes in unhealthy snacking behaviour over 1 week from intentions, action planning and performance on a standardised cognitive test of planning skill (n = 72). Study 2 experimentally randomised skilled and poor planners to receive (or not) a planning intervention before completing an online food diary (n = 144) Results Spontaneously generated action plans about snacking explained significantly more variance in subsequent snacking if produced by a skilled rather than a poor planner. The planning intervention (implementation intention) significantly improved goal attainment but only in poor planners. Conclusions Plans are only as good as the people who make them. Poor planners’ plans do not help achieve goals. Planning interventions can compensate for a lack of planning skill. Planning (dpeaa)DE-He213 Plans (dpeaa)DE-He213 Implementation intentions (dpeaa)DE-He213 Action plans (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sniehotta, Falko F. aut Johnston, Marie aut Enthalten in Annals of behavioral medicine Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1995 46(2013), 1 vom: 28. Feb., Seite 114-120 (DE-627)331744414 (DE-600)2052310-5 1532-4796 nnns volume:46 year:2013 number:1 day:28 month:02 pages:114-120 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12160-013-9483-9 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 46 2013 1 28 02 114-120 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.1007/s12160-013-9483-9 doi (DE-627)SPR025083465 (SPR)s12160-013-9483-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Allan, Julia L. verfasserin aut The Best Laid Plans: Planning Skill Determines the Effectiveness of Action Plans and Implementation Intentions 2013 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Society of Behavioral Medicine 2013 Background Theories of action control emphasise the importance of planning, but plans are not universally beneficial. Purpose The present study investigates whether the effectiveness of plans depends upon the skill of the planner. Methods Study 1 prospectively predicted changes in unhealthy snacking behaviour over 1 week from intentions, action planning and performance on a standardised cognitive test of planning skill (n = 72). Study 2 experimentally randomised skilled and poor planners to receive (or not) a planning intervention before completing an online food diary (n = 144) Results Spontaneously generated action plans about snacking explained significantly more variance in subsequent snacking if produced by a skilled rather than a poor planner. The planning intervention (implementation intention) significantly improved goal attainment but only in poor planners. Conclusions Plans are only as good as the people who make them. Poor planners’ plans do not help achieve goals. Planning interventions can compensate for a lack of planning skill. Planning (dpeaa)DE-He213 Plans (dpeaa)DE-He213 Implementation intentions (dpeaa)DE-He213 Action plans (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sniehotta, Falko F. aut Johnston, Marie aut Enthalten in Annals of behavioral medicine Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1995 46(2013), 1 vom: 28. Feb., Seite 114-120 (DE-627)331744414 (DE-600)2052310-5 1532-4796 nnns volume:46 year:2013 number:1 day:28 month:02 pages:114-120 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12160-013-9483-9 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 46 2013 1 28 02 114-120 |
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10.1007/s12160-013-9483-9 doi (DE-627)SPR025083465 (SPR)s12160-013-9483-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Allan, Julia L. verfasserin aut The Best Laid Plans: Planning Skill Determines the Effectiveness of Action Plans and Implementation Intentions 2013 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Society of Behavioral Medicine 2013 Background Theories of action control emphasise the importance of planning, but plans are not universally beneficial. Purpose The present study investigates whether the effectiveness of plans depends upon the skill of the planner. Methods Study 1 prospectively predicted changes in unhealthy snacking behaviour over 1 week from intentions, action planning and performance on a standardised cognitive test of planning skill (n = 72). Study 2 experimentally randomised skilled and poor planners to receive (or not) a planning intervention before completing an online food diary (n = 144) Results Spontaneously generated action plans about snacking explained significantly more variance in subsequent snacking if produced by a skilled rather than a poor planner. The planning intervention (implementation intention) significantly improved goal attainment but only in poor planners. Conclusions Plans are only as good as the people who make them. Poor planners’ plans do not help achieve goals. Planning interventions can compensate for a lack of planning skill. Planning (dpeaa)DE-He213 Plans (dpeaa)DE-He213 Implementation intentions (dpeaa)DE-He213 Action plans (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sniehotta, Falko F. aut Johnston, Marie aut Enthalten in Annals of behavioral medicine Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1995 46(2013), 1 vom: 28. Feb., Seite 114-120 (DE-627)331744414 (DE-600)2052310-5 1532-4796 nnns volume:46 year:2013 number:1 day:28 month:02 pages:114-120 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12160-013-9483-9 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2070 GBV_ILN_2086 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2116 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 46 2013 1 28 02 114-120 |
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The Best Laid Plans: Planning Skill Determines the Effectiveness of Action Plans and Implementation Intentions |
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best laid plans: planning skill determines the effectiveness of action plans and implementation intentions |
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The Best Laid Plans: Planning Skill Determines the Effectiveness of Action Plans and Implementation Intentions |
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Background Theories of action control emphasise the importance of planning, but plans are not universally beneficial. Purpose The present study investigates whether the effectiveness of plans depends upon the skill of the planner. Methods Study 1 prospectively predicted changes in unhealthy snacking behaviour over 1 week from intentions, action planning and performance on a standardised cognitive test of planning skill (n = 72). Study 2 experimentally randomised skilled and poor planners to receive (or not) a planning intervention before completing an online food diary (n = 144) Results Spontaneously generated action plans about snacking explained significantly more variance in subsequent snacking if produced by a skilled rather than a poor planner. The planning intervention (implementation intention) significantly improved goal attainment but only in poor planners. Conclusions Plans are only as good as the people who make them. Poor planners’ plans do not help achieve goals. Planning interventions can compensate for a lack of planning skill. © The Society of Behavioral Medicine 2013 |
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Background Theories of action control emphasise the importance of planning, but plans are not universally beneficial. Purpose The present study investigates whether the effectiveness of plans depends upon the skill of the planner. Methods Study 1 prospectively predicted changes in unhealthy snacking behaviour over 1 week from intentions, action planning and performance on a standardised cognitive test of planning skill (n = 72). Study 2 experimentally randomised skilled and poor planners to receive (or not) a planning intervention before completing an online food diary (n = 144) Results Spontaneously generated action plans about snacking explained significantly more variance in subsequent snacking if produced by a skilled rather than a poor planner. The planning intervention (implementation intention) significantly improved goal attainment but only in poor planners. Conclusions Plans are only as good as the people who make them. Poor planners’ plans do not help achieve goals. Planning interventions can compensate for a lack of planning skill. © The Society of Behavioral Medicine 2013 |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Background Theories of action control emphasise the importance of planning, but plans are not universally beneficial. Purpose The present study investigates whether the effectiveness of plans depends upon the skill of the planner. Methods Study 1 prospectively predicted changes in unhealthy snacking behaviour over 1 week from intentions, action planning and performance on a standardised cognitive test of planning skill (n = 72). Study 2 experimentally randomised skilled and poor planners to receive (or not) a planning intervention before completing an online food diary (n = 144) Results Spontaneously generated action plans about snacking explained significantly more variance in subsequent snacking if produced by a skilled rather than a poor planner. The planning intervention (implementation intention) significantly improved goal attainment but only in poor planners. Conclusions Plans are only as good as the people who make them. Poor planners’ plans do not help achieve goals. Planning interventions can compensate for a lack of planning skill. © The Society of Behavioral Medicine 2013 |
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