Microarray: a global analysis of biomineralization-related gene expression profiles during larval development in the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata
Background The molluscan Pinctada fucata is an important pearl-culturing organism to study biomineralization mechanisms. Several biomineralization-related genes play important roles regulating shell formation, but most previous work has focused only on their functions in adult oysters. Few studies h...
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Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Liu, Jun [verfasserIn] |
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E-Artikel |
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Englisch |
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2015 |
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© Liu et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: BMC genomics - London : BioMed Central, 2000, 16(2015), 1 vom: 19. Apr. |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:16 ; year:2015 ; number:1 ; day:19 ; month:04 |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1186/s12864-015-1524-2 |
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SPR02710608X |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Microarray: a global analysis of biomineralization-related gene expression profiles during larval development in the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata |
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| 520 | |a Background The molluscan Pinctada fucata is an important pearl-culturing organism to study biomineralization mechanisms. Several biomineralization-related genes play important roles regulating shell formation, but most previous work has focused only on their functions in adult oysters. Few studies have investigated biomineralization during larval development, when the shell is initially constructed and formed until the juvenile stage in dissoconch shells. Here, we report, for the first time, a global gene analysis during larval development of P. fucata based on a microarray and reveal the relationships between biomineralization-related genes and the shell formation process. Results Based on the P. fucata mantle transcriptome, 58,940 probes (60 nt), representing 58,623 transcripts, were synthesized. The gene expression profiles of the fertilized egg, trochophore, D-shaped, and umbonal stage larvae, as well as juveniles were analyzed by microarray performance. The expression patterns of the biomineralization-related genes changed corresponding to their regulatory function during shell formation. Matrix proteins chitin synthase and PFMG2 were highly expressed at the D-shaped stage, whereas PFMG6、PFMG8 and PfN23 were significantly up-regulated at the umbonal stage, indicating different roles regulating the formation of either periostracum, Prodissoconch I or Prodissoconch II shells. However, the majority of matrix proteins were expressed at high levels at the juvenile stage, and the shells comprised both an aragonitic nacreous layer and a calcitic prismatic layer as adults. We also identified five new genes that were significantly up-regulated in juveniles. These genes were expressed particularly in the mantle and coded for secreted proteins with tandem-arranged repeat units, as most matrix proteins. RNAi knockdown resulted in disrupted nacreous and prismatic shell layers, indicating their potential roles in shell formation. Conclusions Our results add a global perspective on larval expression patterns of P. fucata genes and propose a mechanism of how biomineralization-related genes regulate the larval shell formation process. These results increase knowledge about biomineralization-related genes and highlight new aspects of shell formation mechanisms. | ||
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| 650 | 4 | |a Biomineralization |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Yang, Dong |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Liu, Shiting |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Li, Shiguo |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Xu, Guangrui |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zheng, Guilan |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Xie, Liping |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zhang, Rongqing |4 aut | |
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10.1186/s12864-015-1524-2 doi (DE-627)SPR02710608X (SPR)s12864-015-1524-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Liu, Jun verfasserin aut Microarray: a global analysis of biomineralization-related gene expression profiles during larval development in the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata 2015 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Liu et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( Background The molluscan Pinctada fucata is an important pearl-culturing organism to study biomineralization mechanisms. Several biomineralization-related genes play important roles regulating shell formation, but most previous work has focused only on their functions in adult oysters. Few studies have investigated biomineralization during larval development, when the shell is initially constructed and formed until the juvenile stage in dissoconch shells. Here, we report, for the first time, a global gene analysis during larval development of P. fucata based on a microarray and reveal the relationships between biomineralization-related genes and the shell formation process. Results Based on the P. fucata mantle transcriptome, 58,940 probes (60 nt), representing 58,623 transcripts, were synthesized. The gene expression profiles of the fertilized egg, trochophore, D-shaped, and umbonal stage larvae, as well as juveniles were analyzed by microarray performance. The expression patterns of the biomineralization-related genes changed corresponding to their regulatory function during shell formation. Matrix proteins chitin synthase and PFMG2 were highly expressed at the D-shaped stage, whereas PFMG6、PFMG8 and PfN23 were significantly up-regulated at the umbonal stage, indicating different roles regulating the formation of either periostracum, Prodissoconch I or Prodissoconch II shells. However, the majority of matrix proteins were expressed at high levels at the juvenile stage, and the shells comprised both an aragonitic nacreous layer and a calcitic prismatic layer as adults. We also identified five new genes that were significantly up-regulated in juveniles. These genes were expressed particularly in the mantle and coded for secreted proteins with tandem-arranged repeat units, as most matrix proteins. RNAi knockdown resulted in disrupted nacreous and prismatic shell layers, indicating their potential roles in shell formation. Conclusions Our results add a global perspective on larval expression patterns of P. fucata genes and propose a mechanism of how biomineralization-related genes regulate the larval shell formation process. These results increase knowledge about biomineralization-related genes and highlight new aspects of shell formation mechanisms. Microarray (dpeaa)DE-He213 Larval development (dpeaa)DE-He213 Shell formation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Matrix proteins (dpeaa)DE-He213 Biomineralization (dpeaa)DE-He213 Yang, Dong aut Liu, Shiting aut Li, Shiguo aut Xu, Guangrui aut Zheng, Guilan aut Xie, Liping aut Zhang, Rongqing aut Enthalten in BMC genomics London : BioMed Central, 2000 16(2015), 1 vom: 19. Apr. (DE-627)326644954 (DE-600)2041499-7 1471-2164 nnns volume:16 year:2015 number:1 day:19 month:04 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-015-1524-2 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 16 2015 1 19 04 |
| spelling |
10.1186/s12864-015-1524-2 doi (DE-627)SPR02710608X (SPR)s12864-015-1524-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Liu, Jun verfasserin aut Microarray: a global analysis of biomineralization-related gene expression profiles during larval development in the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata 2015 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Liu et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( Background The molluscan Pinctada fucata is an important pearl-culturing organism to study biomineralization mechanisms. Several biomineralization-related genes play important roles regulating shell formation, but most previous work has focused only on their functions in adult oysters. Few studies have investigated biomineralization during larval development, when the shell is initially constructed and formed until the juvenile stage in dissoconch shells. Here, we report, for the first time, a global gene analysis during larval development of P. fucata based on a microarray and reveal the relationships between biomineralization-related genes and the shell formation process. Results Based on the P. fucata mantle transcriptome, 58,940 probes (60 nt), representing 58,623 transcripts, were synthesized. The gene expression profiles of the fertilized egg, trochophore, D-shaped, and umbonal stage larvae, as well as juveniles were analyzed by microarray performance. The expression patterns of the biomineralization-related genes changed corresponding to their regulatory function during shell formation. Matrix proteins chitin synthase and PFMG2 were highly expressed at the D-shaped stage, whereas PFMG6、PFMG8 and PfN23 were significantly up-regulated at the umbonal stage, indicating different roles regulating the formation of either periostracum, Prodissoconch I or Prodissoconch II shells. However, the majority of matrix proteins were expressed at high levels at the juvenile stage, and the shells comprised both an aragonitic nacreous layer and a calcitic prismatic layer as adults. We also identified five new genes that were significantly up-regulated in juveniles. These genes were expressed particularly in the mantle and coded for secreted proteins with tandem-arranged repeat units, as most matrix proteins. RNAi knockdown resulted in disrupted nacreous and prismatic shell layers, indicating their potential roles in shell formation. Conclusions Our results add a global perspective on larval expression patterns of P. fucata genes and propose a mechanism of how biomineralization-related genes regulate the larval shell formation process. These results increase knowledge about biomineralization-related genes and highlight new aspects of shell formation mechanisms. Microarray (dpeaa)DE-He213 Larval development (dpeaa)DE-He213 Shell formation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Matrix proteins (dpeaa)DE-He213 Biomineralization (dpeaa)DE-He213 Yang, Dong aut Liu, Shiting aut Li, Shiguo aut Xu, Guangrui aut Zheng, Guilan aut Xie, Liping aut Zhang, Rongqing aut Enthalten in BMC genomics London : BioMed Central, 2000 16(2015), 1 vom: 19. Apr. (DE-627)326644954 (DE-600)2041499-7 1471-2164 nnns volume:16 year:2015 number:1 day:19 month:04 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-015-1524-2 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 16 2015 1 19 04 |
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10.1186/s12864-015-1524-2 doi (DE-627)SPR02710608X (SPR)s12864-015-1524-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Liu, Jun verfasserin aut Microarray: a global analysis of biomineralization-related gene expression profiles during larval development in the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata 2015 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Liu et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( Background The molluscan Pinctada fucata is an important pearl-culturing organism to study biomineralization mechanisms. Several biomineralization-related genes play important roles regulating shell formation, but most previous work has focused only on their functions in adult oysters. Few studies have investigated biomineralization during larval development, when the shell is initially constructed and formed until the juvenile stage in dissoconch shells. Here, we report, for the first time, a global gene analysis during larval development of P. fucata based on a microarray and reveal the relationships between biomineralization-related genes and the shell formation process. Results Based on the P. fucata mantle transcriptome, 58,940 probes (60 nt), representing 58,623 transcripts, were synthesized. The gene expression profiles of the fertilized egg, trochophore, D-shaped, and umbonal stage larvae, as well as juveniles were analyzed by microarray performance. The expression patterns of the biomineralization-related genes changed corresponding to their regulatory function during shell formation. Matrix proteins chitin synthase and PFMG2 were highly expressed at the D-shaped stage, whereas PFMG6、PFMG8 and PfN23 were significantly up-regulated at the umbonal stage, indicating different roles regulating the formation of either periostracum, Prodissoconch I or Prodissoconch II shells. However, the majority of matrix proteins were expressed at high levels at the juvenile stage, and the shells comprised both an aragonitic nacreous layer and a calcitic prismatic layer as adults. We also identified five new genes that were significantly up-regulated in juveniles. These genes were expressed particularly in the mantle and coded for secreted proteins with tandem-arranged repeat units, as most matrix proteins. RNAi knockdown resulted in disrupted nacreous and prismatic shell layers, indicating their potential roles in shell formation. Conclusions Our results add a global perspective on larval expression patterns of P. fucata genes and propose a mechanism of how biomineralization-related genes regulate the larval shell formation process. These results increase knowledge about biomineralization-related genes and highlight new aspects of shell formation mechanisms. Microarray (dpeaa)DE-He213 Larval development (dpeaa)DE-He213 Shell formation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Matrix proteins (dpeaa)DE-He213 Biomineralization (dpeaa)DE-He213 Yang, Dong aut Liu, Shiting aut Li, Shiguo aut Xu, Guangrui aut Zheng, Guilan aut Xie, Liping aut Zhang, Rongqing aut Enthalten in BMC genomics London : BioMed Central, 2000 16(2015), 1 vom: 19. Apr. (DE-627)326644954 (DE-600)2041499-7 1471-2164 nnns volume:16 year:2015 number:1 day:19 month:04 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-015-1524-2 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 16 2015 1 19 04 |
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10.1186/s12864-015-1524-2 doi (DE-627)SPR02710608X (SPR)s12864-015-1524-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Liu, Jun verfasserin aut Microarray: a global analysis of biomineralization-related gene expression profiles during larval development in the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata 2015 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Liu et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( Background The molluscan Pinctada fucata is an important pearl-culturing organism to study biomineralization mechanisms. Several biomineralization-related genes play important roles regulating shell formation, but most previous work has focused only on their functions in adult oysters. Few studies have investigated biomineralization during larval development, when the shell is initially constructed and formed until the juvenile stage in dissoconch shells. Here, we report, for the first time, a global gene analysis during larval development of P. fucata based on a microarray and reveal the relationships between biomineralization-related genes and the shell formation process. Results Based on the P. fucata mantle transcriptome, 58,940 probes (60 nt), representing 58,623 transcripts, were synthesized. The gene expression profiles of the fertilized egg, trochophore, D-shaped, and umbonal stage larvae, as well as juveniles were analyzed by microarray performance. The expression patterns of the biomineralization-related genes changed corresponding to their regulatory function during shell formation. Matrix proteins chitin synthase and PFMG2 were highly expressed at the D-shaped stage, whereas PFMG6、PFMG8 and PfN23 were significantly up-regulated at the umbonal stage, indicating different roles regulating the formation of either periostracum, Prodissoconch I or Prodissoconch II shells. However, the majority of matrix proteins were expressed at high levels at the juvenile stage, and the shells comprised both an aragonitic nacreous layer and a calcitic prismatic layer as adults. We also identified five new genes that were significantly up-regulated in juveniles. These genes were expressed particularly in the mantle and coded for secreted proteins with tandem-arranged repeat units, as most matrix proteins. RNAi knockdown resulted in disrupted nacreous and prismatic shell layers, indicating their potential roles in shell formation. Conclusions Our results add a global perspective on larval expression patterns of P. fucata genes and propose a mechanism of how biomineralization-related genes regulate the larval shell formation process. These results increase knowledge about biomineralization-related genes and highlight new aspects of shell formation mechanisms. Microarray (dpeaa)DE-He213 Larval development (dpeaa)DE-He213 Shell formation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Matrix proteins (dpeaa)DE-He213 Biomineralization (dpeaa)DE-He213 Yang, Dong aut Liu, Shiting aut Li, Shiguo aut Xu, Guangrui aut Zheng, Guilan aut Xie, Liping aut Zhang, Rongqing aut Enthalten in BMC genomics London : BioMed Central, 2000 16(2015), 1 vom: 19. Apr. (DE-627)326644954 (DE-600)2041499-7 1471-2164 nnns volume:16 year:2015 number:1 day:19 month:04 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-015-1524-2 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 16 2015 1 19 04 |
| allfieldsSound |
10.1186/s12864-015-1524-2 doi (DE-627)SPR02710608X (SPR)s12864-015-1524-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Liu, Jun verfasserin aut Microarray: a global analysis of biomineralization-related gene expression profiles during larval development in the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata 2015 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Liu et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( Background The molluscan Pinctada fucata is an important pearl-culturing organism to study biomineralization mechanisms. Several biomineralization-related genes play important roles regulating shell formation, but most previous work has focused only on their functions in adult oysters. Few studies have investigated biomineralization during larval development, when the shell is initially constructed and formed until the juvenile stage in dissoconch shells. Here, we report, for the first time, a global gene analysis during larval development of P. fucata based on a microarray and reveal the relationships between biomineralization-related genes and the shell formation process. Results Based on the P. fucata mantle transcriptome, 58,940 probes (60 nt), representing 58,623 transcripts, were synthesized. The gene expression profiles of the fertilized egg, trochophore, D-shaped, and umbonal stage larvae, as well as juveniles were analyzed by microarray performance. The expression patterns of the biomineralization-related genes changed corresponding to their regulatory function during shell formation. Matrix proteins chitin synthase and PFMG2 were highly expressed at the D-shaped stage, whereas PFMG6、PFMG8 and PfN23 were significantly up-regulated at the umbonal stage, indicating different roles regulating the formation of either periostracum, Prodissoconch I or Prodissoconch II shells. However, the majority of matrix proteins were expressed at high levels at the juvenile stage, and the shells comprised both an aragonitic nacreous layer and a calcitic prismatic layer as adults. We also identified five new genes that were significantly up-regulated in juveniles. These genes were expressed particularly in the mantle and coded for secreted proteins with tandem-arranged repeat units, as most matrix proteins. RNAi knockdown resulted in disrupted nacreous and prismatic shell layers, indicating their potential roles in shell formation. Conclusions Our results add a global perspective on larval expression patterns of P. fucata genes and propose a mechanism of how biomineralization-related genes regulate the larval shell formation process. These results increase knowledge about biomineralization-related genes and highlight new aspects of shell formation mechanisms. Microarray (dpeaa)DE-He213 Larval development (dpeaa)DE-He213 Shell formation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Matrix proteins (dpeaa)DE-He213 Biomineralization (dpeaa)DE-He213 Yang, Dong aut Liu, Shiting aut Li, Shiguo aut Xu, Guangrui aut Zheng, Guilan aut Xie, Liping aut Zhang, Rongqing aut Enthalten in BMC genomics London : BioMed Central, 2000 16(2015), 1 vom: 19. Apr. (DE-627)326644954 (DE-600)2041499-7 1471-2164 nnns volume:16 year:2015 number:1 day:19 month:04 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-015-1524-2 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 16 2015 1 19 04 |
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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Background The molluscan Pinctada fucata is an important pearl-culturing organism to study biomineralization mechanisms. Several biomineralization-related genes play important roles regulating shell formation, but most previous work has focused only on their functions in adult oysters. Few studies have investigated biomineralization during larval development, when the shell is initially constructed and formed until the juvenile stage in dissoconch shells. Here, we report, for the first time, a global gene analysis during larval development of P. fucata based on a microarray and reveal the relationships between biomineralization-related genes and the shell formation process. Results Based on the P. fucata mantle transcriptome, 58,940 probes (60 nt), representing 58,623 transcripts, were synthesized. The gene expression profiles of the fertilized egg, trochophore, D-shaped, and umbonal stage larvae, as well as juveniles were analyzed by microarray performance. The expression patterns of the biomineralization-related genes changed corresponding to their regulatory function during shell formation. Matrix proteins chitin synthase and PFMG2 were highly expressed at the D-shaped stage, whereas PFMG6、PFMG8 and PfN23 were significantly up-regulated at the umbonal stage, indicating different roles regulating the formation of either periostracum, Prodissoconch I or Prodissoconch II shells. However, the majority of matrix proteins were expressed at high levels at the juvenile stage, and the shells comprised both an aragonitic nacreous layer and a calcitic prismatic layer as adults. We also identified five new genes that were significantly up-regulated in juveniles. 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Liu, Jun misc Microarray misc Larval development misc Shell formation misc Matrix proteins misc Biomineralization Microarray: a global analysis of biomineralization-related gene expression profiles during larval development in the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata |
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Microarray: a global analysis of biomineralization-related gene expression profiles during larval development in the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata Microarray (dpeaa)DE-He213 Larval development (dpeaa)DE-He213 Shell formation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Matrix proteins (dpeaa)DE-He213 Biomineralization (dpeaa)DE-He213 |
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microarray: a global analysis of biomineralization-related gene expression profiles during larval development in the pearl oyster, pinctada fucata |
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Microarray: a global analysis of biomineralization-related gene expression profiles during larval development in the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata |
| abstract |
Background The molluscan Pinctada fucata is an important pearl-culturing organism to study biomineralization mechanisms. Several biomineralization-related genes play important roles regulating shell formation, but most previous work has focused only on their functions in adult oysters. Few studies have investigated biomineralization during larval development, when the shell is initially constructed and formed until the juvenile stage in dissoconch shells. Here, we report, for the first time, a global gene analysis during larval development of P. fucata based on a microarray and reveal the relationships between biomineralization-related genes and the shell formation process. Results Based on the P. fucata mantle transcriptome, 58,940 probes (60 nt), representing 58,623 transcripts, were synthesized. The gene expression profiles of the fertilized egg, trochophore, D-shaped, and umbonal stage larvae, as well as juveniles were analyzed by microarray performance. The expression patterns of the biomineralization-related genes changed corresponding to their regulatory function during shell formation. Matrix proteins chitin synthase and PFMG2 were highly expressed at the D-shaped stage, whereas PFMG6、PFMG8 and PfN23 were significantly up-regulated at the umbonal stage, indicating different roles regulating the formation of either periostracum, Prodissoconch I or Prodissoconch II shells. However, the majority of matrix proteins were expressed at high levels at the juvenile stage, and the shells comprised both an aragonitic nacreous layer and a calcitic prismatic layer as adults. We also identified five new genes that were significantly up-regulated in juveniles. These genes were expressed particularly in the mantle and coded for secreted proteins with tandem-arranged repeat units, as most matrix proteins. RNAi knockdown resulted in disrupted nacreous and prismatic shell layers, indicating their potential roles in shell formation. Conclusions Our results add a global perspective on larval expression patterns of P. fucata genes and propose a mechanism of how biomineralization-related genes regulate the larval shell formation process. These results increase knowledge about biomineralization-related genes and highlight new aspects of shell formation mechanisms. © Liu et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( |
| abstractGer |
Background The molluscan Pinctada fucata is an important pearl-culturing organism to study biomineralization mechanisms. Several biomineralization-related genes play important roles regulating shell formation, but most previous work has focused only on their functions in adult oysters. Few studies have investigated biomineralization during larval development, when the shell is initially constructed and formed until the juvenile stage in dissoconch shells. Here, we report, for the first time, a global gene analysis during larval development of P. fucata based on a microarray and reveal the relationships between biomineralization-related genes and the shell formation process. Results Based on the P. fucata mantle transcriptome, 58,940 probes (60 nt), representing 58,623 transcripts, were synthesized. The gene expression profiles of the fertilized egg, trochophore, D-shaped, and umbonal stage larvae, as well as juveniles were analyzed by microarray performance. The expression patterns of the biomineralization-related genes changed corresponding to their regulatory function during shell formation. Matrix proteins chitin synthase and PFMG2 were highly expressed at the D-shaped stage, whereas PFMG6、PFMG8 and PfN23 were significantly up-regulated at the umbonal stage, indicating different roles regulating the formation of either periostracum, Prodissoconch I or Prodissoconch II shells. However, the majority of matrix proteins were expressed at high levels at the juvenile stage, and the shells comprised both an aragonitic nacreous layer and a calcitic prismatic layer as adults. We also identified five new genes that were significantly up-regulated in juveniles. These genes were expressed particularly in the mantle and coded for secreted proteins with tandem-arranged repeat units, as most matrix proteins. RNAi knockdown resulted in disrupted nacreous and prismatic shell layers, indicating their potential roles in shell formation. Conclusions Our results add a global perspective on larval expression patterns of P. fucata genes and propose a mechanism of how biomineralization-related genes regulate the larval shell formation process. These results increase knowledge about biomineralization-related genes and highlight new aspects of shell formation mechanisms. © Liu et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Background The molluscan Pinctada fucata is an important pearl-culturing organism to study biomineralization mechanisms. Several biomineralization-related genes play important roles regulating shell formation, but most previous work has focused only on their functions in adult oysters. Few studies have investigated biomineralization during larval development, when the shell is initially constructed and formed until the juvenile stage in dissoconch shells. Here, we report, for the first time, a global gene analysis during larval development of P. fucata based on a microarray and reveal the relationships between biomineralization-related genes and the shell formation process. Results Based on the P. fucata mantle transcriptome, 58,940 probes (60 nt), representing 58,623 transcripts, were synthesized. The gene expression profiles of the fertilized egg, trochophore, D-shaped, and umbonal stage larvae, as well as juveniles were analyzed by microarray performance. The expression patterns of the biomineralization-related genes changed corresponding to their regulatory function during shell formation. Matrix proteins chitin synthase and PFMG2 were highly expressed at the D-shaped stage, whereas PFMG6、PFMG8 and PfN23 were significantly up-regulated at the umbonal stage, indicating different roles regulating the formation of either periostracum, Prodissoconch I or Prodissoconch II shells. However, the majority of matrix proteins were expressed at high levels at the juvenile stage, and the shells comprised both an aragonitic nacreous layer and a calcitic prismatic layer as adults. We also identified five new genes that were significantly up-regulated in juveniles. These genes were expressed particularly in the mantle and coded for secreted proteins with tandem-arranged repeat units, as most matrix proteins. RNAi knockdown resulted in disrupted nacreous and prismatic shell layers, indicating their potential roles in shell formation. Conclusions Our results add a global perspective on larval expression patterns of P. fucata genes and propose a mechanism of how biomineralization-related genes regulate the larval shell formation process. These results increase knowledge about biomineralization-related genes and highlight new aspects of shell formation mechanisms. © Liu et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( |
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| score |
7.3998556 |