Reactions to threatening health messages

Background Threatening health messages that focus on severity are popular, but frequently have no effect or even a counterproductive effect on behavior change. This paradox (i.e. wide application despite low effectiveness) may be partly explained by the intuitive appeal of threatening communication:...
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Autor*in:	ten Hoor, Gill A [verfasserIn] Peters, Gjalt-Jorn Y Kalagi, Janice de Groot, Lianne Grootjans, Karlijne Huschens, Alexander Köhninger, Constanze Kölgen, Lizan Pelssers, Isabelle Schütt, Toby Thomas, Sophia Ruiter, Robert AC Kok, Gerjo

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2012

Schlagwörter:	Threatening health messages Defensive reactions Smokers Drinkers

Anmerkung:	© ten Hoor et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: BMC public health - London : BioMed Central, 2001, 12(2012), 1 vom: 21. Nov.
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:12 ; year:2012 ; number:1 ; day:21 ; month:11

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1186/1471-2458-12-1011

Katalog-ID:	SPR027875849

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520			\|a Background Threatening health messages that focus on severity are popular, but frequently have no effect or even a counterproductive effect on behavior change. This paradox (i.e. wide application despite low effectiveness) may be partly explained by the intuitive appeal of threatening communication: it may be hard to predict the defensive reactions occurring in response to fear appeals. We examine this hypothesis by using two studies by Brown and colleagues, which provide evidence that threatening health messages in the form of distressing imagery in anti-smoking and anti-alcohol campaigns cause defensive reactions. Methods We simulated both Brown et al. experiments, asking participants to estimate the reactions of the original study subjects to the threatening health information (n = 93). Afterwards, we presented the actual original study outcomes. One week later, we assessed whether this knowledge of the actual study outcomes helped participants to more successfully estimate the effectiveness of the threatening health information (n = 72). Results Results showed that participants were initially convinced of the effectiveness of threatening health messages and were unable to anticipate the defensive reactions that in fact occurred. Furthermore, these estimates did not improve after participants had been explained the dynamics of threatening communication as well as what the effects of the threatening communication had been in reality. Conclusions These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the effectiveness of threatening health messages is intuitively appealing. What is more, providing empirical evidence against the use of threatening health messages has very little effect on this intuitive appeal.
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allfields	10.1186/1471-2458-12-1011 doi (DE-627)SPR027875849 (SPR)1471-2458-12-1011-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng ten Hoor, Gill A verfasserin aut Reactions to threatening health messages 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © ten Hoor et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012 Background Threatening health messages that focus on severity are popular, but frequently have no effect or even a counterproductive effect on behavior change. This paradox (i.e. wide application despite low effectiveness) may be partly explained by the intuitive appeal of threatening communication: it may be hard to predict the defensive reactions occurring in response to fear appeals. We examine this hypothesis by using two studies by Brown and colleagues, which provide evidence that threatening health messages in the form of distressing imagery in anti-smoking and anti-alcohol campaigns cause defensive reactions. Methods We simulated both Brown et al. experiments, asking participants to estimate the reactions of the original study subjects to the threatening health information (n = 93). Afterwards, we presented the actual original study outcomes. One week later, we assessed whether this knowledge of the actual study outcomes helped participants to more successfully estimate the effectiveness of the threatening health information (n = 72). Results Results showed that participants were initially convinced of the effectiveness of threatening health messages and were unable to anticipate the defensive reactions that in fact occurred. Furthermore, these estimates did not improve after participants had been explained the dynamics of threatening communication as well as what the effects of the threatening communication had been in reality. Conclusions These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the effectiveness of threatening health messages is intuitively appealing. What is more, providing empirical evidence against the use of threatening health messages has very little effect on this intuitive appeal. Threatening health messages (dpeaa)DE-He213 Defensive reactions (dpeaa)DE-He213 Smokers (dpeaa)DE-He213 Drinkers (dpeaa)DE-He213 Peters, Gjalt-Jorn Y aut Kalagi, Janice aut de Groot, Lianne aut Grootjans, Karlijne aut Huschens, Alexander aut Köhninger, Constanze aut Kölgen, Lizan aut Pelssers, Isabelle aut Schütt, Toby aut Thomas, Sophia aut Ruiter, Robert AC aut Kok, Gerjo aut Enthalten in BMC public health London : BioMed Central, 2001 12(2012), 1 vom: 21. Nov. (DE-627)326643583 (DE-600)2041338-5 1471-2458 nnns volume:12 year:2012 number:1 day:21 month:11 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-1011 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2012 1 21 11
spelling	10.1186/1471-2458-12-1011 doi (DE-627)SPR027875849 (SPR)1471-2458-12-1011-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng ten Hoor, Gill A verfasserin aut Reactions to threatening health messages 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © ten Hoor et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012 Background Threatening health messages that focus on severity are popular, but frequently have no effect or even a counterproductive effect on behavior change. This paradox (i.e. wide application despite low effectiveness) may be partly explained by the intuitive appeal of threatening communication: it may be hard to predict the defensive reactions occurring in response to fear appeals. We examine this hypothesis by using two studies by Brown and colleagues, which provide evidence that threatening health messages in the form of distressing imagery in anti-smoking and anti-alcohol campaigns cause defensive reactions. Methods We simulated both Brown et al. experiments, asking participants to estimate the reactions of the original study subjects to the threatening health information (n = 93). Afterwards, we presented the actual original study outcomes. One week later, we assessed whether this knowledge of the actual study outcomes helped participants to more successfully estimate the effectiveness of the threatening health information (n = 72). Results Results showed that participants were initially convinced of the effectiveness of threatening health messages and were unable to anticipate the defensive reactions that in fact occurred. Furthermore, these estimates did not improve after participants had been explained the dynamics of threatening communication as well as what the effects of the threatening communication had been in reality. Conclusions These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the effectiveness of threatening health messages is intuitively appealing. What is more, providing empirical evidence against the use of threatening health messages has very little effect on this intuitive appeal. Threatening health messages (dpeaa)DE-He213 Defensive reactions (dpeaa)DE-He213 Smokers (dpeaa)DE-He213 Drinkers (dpeaa)DE-He213 Peters, Gjalt-Jorn Y aut Kalagi, Janice aut de Groot, Lianne aut Grootjans, Karlijne aut Huschens, Alexander aut Köhninger, Constanze aut Kölgen, Lizan aut Pelssers, Isabelle aut Schütt, Toby aut Thomas, Sophia aut Ruiter, Robert AC aut Kok, Gerjo aut Enthalten in BMC public health London : BioMed Central, 2001 12(2012), 1 vom: 21. Nov. (DE-627)326643583 (DE-600)2041338-5 1471-2458 nnns volume:12 year:2012 number:1 day:21 month:11 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-1011 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2012 1 21 11
allfields_unstemmed	10.1186/1471-2458-12-1011 doi (DE-627)SPR027875849 (SPR)1471-2458-12-1011-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng ten Hoor, Gill A verfasserin aut Reactions to threatening health messages 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © ten Hoor et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012 Background Threatening health messages that focus on severity are popular, but frequently have no effect or even a counterproductive effect on behavior change. This paradox (i.e. wide application despite low effectiveness) may be partly explained by the intuitive appeal of threatening communication: it may be hard to predict the defensive reactions occurring in response to fear appeals. We examine this hypothesis by using two studies by Brown and colleagues, which provide evidence that threatening health messages in the form of distressing imagery in anti-smoking and anti-alcohol campaigns cause defensive reactions. Methods We simulated both Brown et al. experiments, asking participants to estimate the reactions of the original study subjects to the threatening health information (n = 93). Afterwards, we presented the actual original study outcomes. One week later, we assessed whether this knowledge of the actual study outcomes helped participants to more successfully estimate the effectiveness of the threatening health information (n = 72). Results Results showed that participants were initially convinced of the effectiveness of threatening health messages and were unable to anticipate the defensive reactions that in fact occurred. Furthermore, these estimates did not improve after participants had been explained the dynamics of threatening communication as well as what the effects of the threatening communication had been in reality. Conclusions These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the effectiveness of threatening health messages is intuitively appealing. What is more, providing empirical evidence against the use of threatening health messages has very little effect on this intuitive appeal. Threatening health messages (dpeaa)DE-He213 Defensive reactions (dpeaa)DE-He213 Smokers (dpeaa)DE-He213 Drinkers (dpeaa)DE-He213 Peters, Gjalt-Jorn Y aut Kalagi, Janice aut de Groot, Lianne aut Grootjans, Karlijne aut Huschens, Alexander aut Köhninger, Constanze aut Kölgen, Lizan aut Pelssers, Isabelle aut Schütt, Toby aut Thomas, Sophia aut Ruiter, Robert AC aut Kok, Gerjo aut Enthalten in BMC public health London : BioMed Central, 2001 12(2012), 1 vom: 21. Nov. (DE-627)326643583 (DE-600)2041338-5 1471-2458 nnns volume:12 year:2012 number:1 day:21 month:11 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-1011 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2012 1 21 11
allfieldsGer	10.1186/1471-2458-12-1011 doi (DE-627)SPR027875849 (SPR)1471-2458-12-1011-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng ten Hoor, Gill A verfasserin aut Reactions to threatening health messages 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © ten Hoor et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012 Background Threatening health messages that focus on severity are popular, but frequently have no effect or even a counterproductive effect on behavior change. This paradox (i.e. wide application despite low effectiveness) may be partly explained by the intuitive appeal of threatening communication: it may be hard to predict the defensive reactions occurring in response to fear appeals. We examine this hypothesis by using two studies by Brown and colleagues, which provide evidence that threatening health messages in the form of distressing imagery in anti-smoking and anti-alcohol campaigns cause defensive reactions. Methods We simulated both Brown et al. experiments, asking participants to estimate the reactions of the original study subjects to the threatening health information (n = 93). Afterwards, we presented the actual original study outcomes. One week later, we assessed whether this knowledge of the actual study outcomes helped participants to more successfully estimate the effectiveness of the threatening health information (n = 72). Results Results showed that participants were initially convinced of the effectiveness of threatening health messages and were unable to anticipate the defensive reactions that in fact occurred. Furthermore, these estimates did not improve after participants had been explained the dynamics of threatening communication as well as what the effects of the threatening communication had been in reality. Conclusions These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the effectiveness of threatening health messages is intuitively appealing. What is more, providing empirical evidence against the use of threatening health messages has very little effect on this intuitive appeal. Threatening health messages (dpeaa)DE-He213 Defensive reactions (dpeaa)DE-He213 Smokers (dpeaa)DE-He213 Drinkers (dpeaa)DE-He213 Peters, Gjalt-Jorn Y aut Kalagi, Janice aut de Groot, Lianne aut Grootjans, Karlijne aut Huschens, Alexander aut Köhninger, Constanze aut Kölgen, Lizan aut Pelssers, Isabelle aut Schütt, Toby aut Thomas, Sophia aut Ruiter, Robert AC aut Kok, Gerjo aut Enthalten in BMC public health London : BioMed Central, 2001 12(2012), 1 vom: 21. Nov. (DE-627)326643583 (DE-600)2041338-5 1471-2458 nnns volume:12 year:2012 number:1 day:21 month:11 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-1011 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2012 1 21 11
allfieldsSound	10.1186/1471-2458-12-1011 doi (DE-627)SPR027875849 (SPR)1471-2458-12-1011-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng ten Hoor, Gill A verfasserin aut Reactions to threatening health messages 2012 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © ten Hoor et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012 Background Threatening health messages that focus on severity are popular, but frequently have no effect or even a counterproductive effect on behavior change. This paradox (i.e. wide application despite low effectiveness) may be partly explained by the intuitive appeal of threatening communication: it may be hard to predict the defensive reactions occurring in response to fear appeals. We examine this hypothesis by using two studies by Brown and colleagues, which provide evidence that threatening health messages in the form of distressing imagery in anti-smoking and anti-alcohol campaigns cause defensive reactions. Methods We simulated both Brown et al. experiments, asking participants to estimate the reactions of the original study subjects to the threatening health information (n = 93). Afterwards, we presented the actual original study outcomes. One week later, we assessed whether this knowledge of the actual study outcomes helped participants to more successfully estimate the effectiveness of the threatening health information (n = 72). Results Results showed that participants were initially convinced of the effectiveness of threatening health messages and were unable to anticipate the defensive reactions that in fact occurred. Furthermore, these estimates did not improve after participants had been explained the dynamics of threatening communication as well as what the effects of the threatening communication had been in reality. Conclusions These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the effectiveness of threatening health messages is intuitively appealing. What is more, providing empirical evidence against the use of threatening health messages has very little effect on this intuitive appeal. Threatening health messages (dpeaa)DE-He213 Defensive reactions (dpeaa)DE-He213 Smokers (dpeaa)DE-He213 Drinkers (dpeaa)DE-He213 Peters, Gjalt-Jorn Y aut Kalagi, Janice aut de Groot, Lianne aut Grootjans, Karlijne aut Huschens, Alexander aut Köhninger, Constanze aut Kölgen, Lizan aut Pelssers, Isabelle aut Schütt, Toby aut Thomas, Sophia aut Ruiter, Robert AC aut Kok, Gerjo aut Enthalten in BMC public health London : BioMed Central, 2001 12(2012), 1 vom: 21. Nov. (DE-627)326643583 (DE-600)2041338-5 1471-2458 nnns volume:12 year:2012 number:1 day:21 month:11 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-1011 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2012 1 21 11
language	English
source	Enthalten in BMC public health 12(2012), 1 vom: 21. Nov. volume:12 year:2012 number:1 day:21 month:11
sourceStr	Enthalten in BMC public health 12(2012), 1 vom: 21. Nov. volume:12 year:2012 number:1 day:21 month:11
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	Threatening health messages Defensive reactions Smokers Drinkers
isfreeaccess_bool	true
container_title	BMC public health
authorswithroles_txt_mv	ten Hoor, Gill A @@aut@@ Peters, Gjalt-Jorn Y @@aut@@ Kalagi, Janice @@aut@@ de Groot, Lianne @@aut@@ Grootjans, Karlijne @@aut@@ Huschens, Alexander @@aut@@ Köhninger, Constanze @@aut@@ Kölgen, Lizan @@aut@@ Pelssers, Isabelle @@aut@@ Schütt, Toby @@aut@@ Thomas, Sophia @@aut@@ Ruiter, Robert AC @@aut@@ Kok, Gerjo @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2012-11-21T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	326643583
id	SPR027875849
language_de	englisch
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Results Results showed that participants were initially convinced of the effectiveness of threatening health messages and were unable to anticipate the defensive reactions that in fact occurred. Furthermore, these estimates did not improve after participants had been explained the dynamics of threatening communication as well as what the effects of the threatening communication had been in reality. Conclusions These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the effectiveness of threatening health messages is intuitively appealing. 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author	ten Hoor, Gill A
spellingShingle	ten Hoor, Gill A misc Threatening health messages misc Defensive reactions misc Smokers misc Drinkers Reactions to threatening health messages
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topic_title	Reactions to threatening health messages Threatening health messages (dpeaa)DE-He213 Defensive reactions (dpeaa)DE-He213 Smokers (dpeaa)DE-He213 Drinkers (dpeaa)DE-He213
topic	misc Threatening health messages misc Defensive reactions misc Smokers misc Drinkers
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title	Reactions to threatening health messages
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title_full	Reactions to threatening health messages
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author_browse	ten Hoor, Gill A Peters, Gjalt-Jorn Y Kalagi, Janice de Groot, Lianne Grootjans, Karlijne Huschens, Alexander Köhninger, Constanze Kölgen, Lizan Pelssers, Isabelle Schütt, Toby Thomas, Sophia Ruiter, Robert AC Kok, Gerjo
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title_sort	reactions to threatening health messages
title_auth	Reactions to threatening health messages
abstract	Background Threatening health messages that focus on severity are popular, but frequently have no effect or even a counterproductive effect on behavior change. This paradox (i.e. wide application despite low effectiveness) may be partly explained by the intuitive appeal of threatening communication: it may be hard to predict the defensive reactions occurring in response to fear appeals. We examine this hypothesis by using two studies by Brown and colleagues, which provide evidence that threatening health messages in the form of distressing imagery in anti-smoking and anti-alcohol campaigns cause defensive reactions. Methods We simulated both Brown et al. experiments, asking participants to estimate the reactions of the original study subjects to the threatening health information (n = 93). Afterwards, we presented the actual original study outcomes. One week later, we assessed whether this knowledge of the actual study outcomes helped participants to more successfully estimate the effectiveness of the threatening health information (n = 72). Results Results showed that participants were initially convinced of the effectiveness of threatening health messages and were unable to anticipate the defensive reactions that in fact occurred. Furthermore, these estimates did not improve after participants had been explained the dynamics of threatening communication as well as what the effects of the threatening communication had been in reality. Conclusions These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the effectiveness of threatening health messages is intuitively appealing. What is more, providing empirical evidence against the use of threatening health messages has very little effect on this intuitive appeal. © ten Hoor et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012
abstractGer	Background Threatening health messages that focus on severity are popular, but frequently have no effect or even a counterproductive effect on behavior change. This paradox (i.e. wide application despite low effectiveness) may be partly explained by the intuitive appeal of threatening communication: it may be hard to predict the defensive reactions occurring in response to fear appeals. We examine this hypothesis by using two studies by Brown and colleagues, which provide evidence that threatening health messages in the form of distressing imagery in anti-smoking and anti-alcohol campaigns cause defensive reactions. Methods We simulated both Brown et al. experiments, asking participants to estimate the reactions of the original study subjects to the threatening health information (n = 93). Afterwards, we presented the actual original study outcomes. One week later, we assessed whether this knowledge of the actual study outcomes helped participants to more successfully estimate the effectiveness of the threatening health information (n = 72). Results Results showed that participants were initially convinced of the effectiveness of threatening health messages and were unable to anticipate the defensive reactions that in fact occurred. Furthermore, these estimates did not improve after participants had been explained the dynamics of threatening communication as well as what the effects of the threatening communication had been in reality. Conclusions These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the effectiveness of threatening health messages is intuitively appealing. What is more, providing empirical evidence against the use of threatening health messages has very little effect on this intuitive appeal. © ten Hoor et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012
abstract_unstemmed	Background Threatening health messages that focus on severity are popular, but frequently have no effect or even a counterproductive effect on behavior change. This paradox (i.e. wide application despite low effectiveness) may be partly explained by the intuitive appeal of threatening communication: it may be hard to predict the defensive reactions occurring in response to fear appeals. We examine this hypothesis by using two studies by Brown and colleagues, which provide evidence that threatening health messages in the form of distressing imagery in anti-smoking and anti-alcohol campaigns cause defensive reactions. Methods We simulated both Brown et al. experiments, asking participants to estimate the reactions of the original study subjects to the threatening health information (n = 93). Afterwards, we presented the actual original study outcomes. One week later, we assessed whether this knowledge of the actual study outcomes helped participants to more successfully estimate the effectiveness of the threatening health information (n = 72). Results Results showed that participants were initially convinced of the effectiveness of threatening health messages and were unable to anticipate the defensive reactions that in fact occurred. Furthermore, these estimates did not improve after participants had been explained the dynamics of threatening communication as well as what the effects of the threatening communication had been in reality. Conclusions These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the effectiveness of threatening health messages is intuitively appealing. What is more, providing empirical evidence against the use of threatening health messages has very little effect on this intuitive appeal. © ten Hoor et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012
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title_short	Reactions to threatening health messages
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score	7.400728

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