Reference values of fractional excretion of exhaled nitric oxide among non-smokers and current smokers

Background Fractional exhaled nitric oxide ($ FE_{NO} $) is used to assess of airway inflammation; diagnose asthma and monitor adherence to advised therapy. Reliable and accurate reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ are needed for both non-smoking and current smoking adults in the clinical setting. The...
Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Torén, Kjell [verfasserIn] Murgia, Nicola Schiöler, Linus Bake, Björn Olin, Anna-Carin

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2017

Schlagwörter:	Asthma Atopy FE General population Nitric oxide Normal values Epidemiology

Anmerkung:	© The Author(s). 2017

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: BMC pulmonary medicine - London : BioMed Central, 2001, 17(2017), 1 vom: 25. Aug.
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:17 ; year:2017 ; number:1 ; day:25 ; month:08

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1186/s12890-017-0456-9

Katalog-ID:	SPR027996859

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520			\|a Background Fractional exhaled nitric oxide ($ FE_{NO} $) is used to assess of airway inflammation; diagnose asthma and monitor adherence to advised therapy. Reliable and accurate reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ are needed for both non-smoking and current smoking adults in the clinical setting. The present study was performed to establish reference adult $ FE_{NO} $ values among never-smokers, former smokers and current smokers. Methods $ FE_{NO} $ was measured in 5265 subjects aged 25–75 years in a general-population study, using a chemiluminescence (Niox ™) analyser according to the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society. Atopy was based on the presence of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to common inhalant allergens (measured using Phadiatop® test). Spirometry without bronchodilation was performed and forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expired volume in 1 s ($ FEV_{1} $) and the ratio of $ FEV_{1} $ to FVC values were obtained. After excluding subjects with asthma, chronic bronchitis, spirometric airway obstruction and current cold, 3378 subjects remained. Equations for predictions of $ FE_{NO} $ values were modelled using nonparametric regression models. Results $ FE_{NO} $ levels were similar in never-smokers and former smokers, and these two groups were therefore merged into a group termed “non-smokers”. Reference equations, including the 5th and 95th percentiles, were generated for female and male non-smokers, based on age, height and atopy. Regression models for current smokers were unstable. Hence, the proposed reference values for current smokers are based on the univariate distribution of $ FE_{NO} $ and fixed cut-off limits. Conclusions Reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ among respiratory healthy non-smokers should be outlined stratified for gender using individual reference values. For current smokers separate cut-off limits are proposed.
650		4	\|a Asthma \|7 (dpeaa)DE-He213
650		4	\|a Atopy \|7 (dpeaa)DE-He213
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allfields	10.1186/s12890-017-0456-9 doi (DE-627)SPR027996859 (SPR)s12890-017-0456-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Torén, Kjell verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-8509-7603 aut Reference values of fractional excretion of exhaled nitric oxide among non-smokers and current smokers 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2017 Background Fractional exhaled nitric oxide ($ FE_{NO} $) is used to assess of airway inflammation; diagnose asthma and monitor adherence to advised therapy. Reliable and accurate reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ are needed for both non-smoking and current smoking adults in the clinical setting. The present study was performed to establish reference adult $ FE_{NO} $ values among never-smokers, former smokers and current smokers. Methods $ FE_{NO} $ was measured in 5265 subjects aged 25–75 years in a general-population study, using a chemiluminescence (Niox ™) analyser according to the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society. Atopy was based on the presence of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to common inhalant allergens (measured using Phadiatop® test). Spirometry without bronchodilation was performed and forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expired volume in 1 s ($ FEV_{1} $) and the ratio of $ FEV_{1} $ to FVC values were obtained. After excluding subjects with asthma, chronic bronchitis, spirometric airway obstruction and current cold, 3378 subjects remained. Equations for predictions of $ FE_{NO} $ values were modelled using nonparametric regression models. Results $ FE_{NO} $ levels were similar in never-smokers and former smokers, and these two groups were therefore merged into a group termed “non-smokers”. Reference equations, including the 5th and 95th percentiles, were generated for female and male non-smokers, based on age, height and atopy. Regression models for current smokers were unstable. Hence, the proposed reference values for current smokers are based on the univariate distribution of $ FE_{NO} $ and fixed cut-off limits. Conclusions Reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ among respiratory healthy non-smokers should be outlined stratified for gender using individual reference values. For current smokers separate cut-off limits are proposed. Asthma (dpeaa)DE-He213 Atopy (dpeaa)DE-He213 FE (dpeaa)DE-He213 General population (dpeaa)DE-He213 Nitric oxide (dpeaa)DE-He213 Normal values (dpeaa)DE-He213 Epidemiology (dpeaa)DE-He213 Murgia, Nicola aut Schiöler, Linus aut Bake, Björn aut Olin, Anna-Carin aut Enthalten in BMC pulmonary medicine London : BioMed Central, 2001 17(2017), 1 vom: 25. Aug. (DE-627)335489125 (DE-600)2059871-3 1471-2466 nnns volume:17 year:2017 number:1 day:25 month:08 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12890-017-0456-9 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 17 2017 1 25 08
spelling	10.1186/s12890-017-0456-9 doi (DE-627)SPR027996859 (SPR)s12890-017-0456-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Torén, Kjell verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-8509-7603 aut Reference values of fractional excretion of exhaled nitric oxide among non-smokers and current smokers 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2017 Background Fractional exhaled nitric oxide ($ FE_{NO} $) is used to assess of airway inflammation; diagnose asthma and monitor adherence to advised therapy. Reliable and accurate reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ are needed for both non-smoking and current smoking adults in the clinical setting. The present study was performed to establish reference adult $ FE_{NO} $ values among never-smokers, former smokers and current smokers. Methods $ FE_{NO} $ was measured in 5265 subjects aged 25–75 years in a general-population study, using a chemiluminescence (Niox ™) analyser according to the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society. Atopy was based on the presence of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to common inhalant allergens (measured using Phadiatop® test). Spirometry without bronchodilation was performed and forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expired volume in 1 s ($ FEV_{1} $) and the ratio of $ FEV_{1} $ to FVC values were obtained. After excluding subjects with asthma, chronic bronchitis, spirometric airway obstruction and current cold, 3378 subjects remained. Equations for predictions of $ FE_{NO} $ values were modelled using nonparametric regression models. Results $ FE_{NO} $ levels were similar in never-smokers and former smokers, and these two groups were therefore merged into a group termed “non-smokers”. Reference equations, including the 5th and 95th percentiles, were generated for female and male non-smokers, based on age, height and atopy. Regression models for current smokers were unstable. Hence, the proposed reference values for current smokers are based on the univariate distribution of $ FE_{NO} $ and fixed cut-off limits. Conclusions Reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ among respiratory healthy non-smokers should be outlined stratified for gender using individual reference values. For current smokers separate cut-off limits are proposed. Asthma (dpeaa)DE-He213 Atopy (dpeaa)DE-He213 FE (dpeaa)DE-He213 General population (dpeaa)DE-He213 Nitric oxide (dpeaa)DE-He213 Normal values (dpeaa)DE-He213 Epidemiology (dpeaa)DE-He213 Murgia, Nicola aut Schiöler, Linus aut Bake, Björn aut Olin, Anna-Carin aut Enthalten in BMC pulmonary medicine London : BioMed Central, 2001 17(2017), 1 vom: 25. Aug. (DE-627)335489125 (DE-600)2059871-3 1471-2466 nnns volume:17 year:2017 number:1 day:25 month:08 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12890-017-0456-9 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 17 2017 1 25 08
allfields_unstemmed	10.1186/s12890-017-0456-9 doi (DE-627)SPR027996859 (SPR)s12890-017-0456-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Torén, Kjell verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-8509-7603 aut Reference values of fractional excretion of exhaled nitric oxide among non-smokers and current smokers 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2017 Background Fractional exhaled nitric oxide ($ FE_{NO} $) is used to assess of airway inflammation; diagnose asthma and monitor adherence to advised therapy. Reliable and accurate reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ are needed for both non-smoking and current smoking adults in the clinical setting. The present study was performed to establish reference adult $ FE_{NO} $ values among never-smokers, former smokers and current smokers. Methods $ FE_{NO} $ was measured in 5265 subjects aged 25–75 years in a general-population study, using a chemiluminescence (Niox ™) analyser according to the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society. Atopy was based on the presence of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to common inhalant allergens (measured using Phadiatop® test). Spirometry without bronchodilation was performed and forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expired volume in 1 s ($ FEV_{1} $) and the ratio of $ FEV_{1} $ to FVC values were obtained. After excluding subjects with asthma, chronic bronchitis, spirometric airway obstruction and current cold, 3378 subjects remained. Equations for predictions of $ FE_{NO} $ values were modelled using nonparametric regression models. Results $ FE_{NO} $ levels were similar in never-smokers and former smokers, and these two groups were therefore merged into a group termed “non-smokers”. Reference equations, including the 5th and 95th percentiles, were generated for female and male non-smokers, based on age, height and atopy. Regression models for current smokers were unstable. Hence, the proposed reference values for current smokers are based on the univariate distribution of $ FE_{NO} $ and fixed cut-off limits. Conclusions Reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ among respiratory healthy non-smokers should be outlined stratified for gender using individual reference values. For current smokers separate cut-off limits are proposed. Asthma (dpeaa)DE-He213 Atopy (dpeaa)DE-He213 FE (dpeaa)DE-He213 General population (dpeaa)DE-He213 Nitric oxide (dpeaa)DE-He213 Normal values (dpeaa)DE-He213 Epidemiology (dpeaa)DE-He213 Murgia, Nicola aut Schiöler, Linus aut Bake, Björn aut Olin, Anna-Carin aut Enthalten in BMC pulmonary medicine London : BioMed Central, 2001 17(2017), 1 vom: 25. Aug. (DE-627)335489125 (DE-600)2059871-3 1471-2466 nnns volume:17 year:2017 number:1 day:25 month:08 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12890-017-0456-9 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 17 2017 1 25 08
allfieldsGer	10.1186/s12890-017-0456-9 doi (DE-627)SPR027996859 (SPR)s12890-017-0456-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Torén, Kjell verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-8509-7603 aut Reference values of fractional excretion of exhaled nitric oxide among non-smokers and current smokers 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2017 Background Fractional exhaled nitric oxide ($ FE_{NO} $) is used to assess of airway inflammation; diagnose asthma and monitor adherence to advised therapy. Reliable and accurate reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ are needed for both non-smoking and current smoking adults in the clinical setting. The present study was performed to establish reference adult $ FE_{NO} $ values among never-smokers, former smokers and current smokers. Methods $ FE_{NO} $ was measured in 5265 subjects aged 25–75 years in a general-population study, using a chemiluminescence (Niox ™) analyser according to the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society. Atopy was based on the presence of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to common inhalant allergens (measured using Phadiatop® test). Spirometry without bronchodilation was performed and forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expired volume in 1 s ($ FEV_{1} $) and the ratio of $ FEV_{1} $ to FVC values were obtained. After excluding subjects with asthma, chronic bronchitis, spirometric airway obstruction and current cold, 3378 subjects remained. Equations for predictions of $ FE_{NO} $ values were modelled using nonparametric regression models. Results $ FE_{NO} $ levels were similar in never-smokers and former smokers, and these two groups were therefore merged into a group termed “non-smokers”. Reference equations, including the 5th and 95th percentiles, were generated for female and male non-smokers, based on age, height and atopy. Regression models for current smokers were unstable. Hence, the proposed reference values for current smokers are based on the univariate distribution of $ FE_{NO} $ and fixed cut-off limits. Conclusions Reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ among respiratory healthy non-smokers should be outlined stratified for gender using individual reference values. For current smokers separate cut-off limits are proposed. Asthma (dpeaa)DE-He213 Atopy (dpeaa)DE-He213 FE (dpeaa)DE-He213 General population (dpeaa)DE-He213 Nitric oxide (dpeaa)DE-He213 Normal values (dpeaa)DE-He213 Epidemiology (dpeaa)DE-He213 Murgia, Nicola aut Schiöler, Linus aut Bake, Björn aut Olin, Anna-Carin aut Enthalten in BMC pulmonary medicine London : BioMed Central, 2001 17(2017), 1 vom: 25. Aug. (DE-627)335489125 (DE-600)2059871-3 1471-2466 nnns volume:17 year:2017 number:1 day:25 month:08 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12890-017-0456-9 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 17 2017 1 25 08
allfieldsSound	10.1186/s12890-017-0456-9 doi (DE-627)SPR027996859 (SPR)s12890-017-0456-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Torén, Kjell verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-8509-7603 aut Reference values of fractional excretion of exhaled nitric oxide among non-smokers and current smokers 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2017 Background Fractional exhaled nitric oxide ($ FE_{NO} $) is used to assess of airway inflammation; diagnose asthma and monitor adherence to advised therapy. Reliable and accurate reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ are needed for both non-smoking and current smoking adults in the clinical setting. The present study was performed to establish reference adult $ FE_{NO} $ values among never-smokers, former smokers and current smokers. Methods $ FE_{NO} $ was measured in 5265 subjects aged 25–75 years in a general-population study, using a chemiluminescence (Niox ™) analyser according to the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society. Atopy was based on the presence of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to common inhalant allergens (measured using Phadiatop® test). Spirometry without bronchodilation was performed and forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expired volume in 1 s ($ FEV_{1} $) and the ratio of $ FEV_{1} $ to FVC values were obtained. After excluding subjects with asthma, chronic bronchitis, spirometric airway obstruction and current cold, 3378 subjects remained. Equations for predictions of $ FE_{NO} $ values were modelled using nonparametric regression models. Results $ FE_{NO} $ levels were similar in never-smokers and former smokers, and these two groups were therefore merged into a group termed “non-smokers”. Reference equations, including the 5th and 95th percentiles, were generated for female and male non-smokers, based on age, height and atopy. Regression models for current smokers were unstable. Hence, the proposed reference values for current smokers are based on the univariate distribution of $ FE_{NO} $ and fixed cut-off limits. Conclusions Reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ among respiratory healthy non-smokers should be outlined stratified for gender using individual reference values. For current smokers separate cut-off limits are proposed. Asthma (dpeaa)DE-He213 Atopy (dpeaa)DE-He213 FE (dpeaa)DE-He213 General population (dpeaa)DE-He213 Nitric oxide (dpeaa)DE-He213 Normal values (dpeaa)DE-He213 Epidemiology (dpeaa)DE-He213 Murgia, Nicola aut Schiöler, Linus aut Bake, Björn aut Olin, Anna-Carin aut Enthalten in BMC pulmonary medicine London : BioMed Central, 2001 17(2017), 1 vom: 25. Aug. (DE-627)335489125 (DE-600)2059871-3 1471-2466 nnns volume:17 year:2017 number:1 day:25 month:08 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12890-017-0456-9 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 17 2017 1 25 08
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source	Enthalten in BMC pulmonary medicine 17(2017), 1 vom: 25. Aug. volume:17 year:2017 number:1 day:25 month:08
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Reliable and accurate reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ are needed for both non-smoking and current smoking adults in the clinical setting. The present study was performed to establish reference adult $ FE_{NO} $ values among never-smokers, former smokers and current smokers. Methods $ FE_{NO} $ was measured in 5265 subjects aged 25–75 years in a general-population study, using a chemiluminescence (Niox ™) analyser according to the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society. Atopy was based on the presence of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to common inhalant allergens (measured using Phadiatop® test). Spirometry without bronchodilation was performed and forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expired volume in 1 s ($ FEV_{1} $) and the ratio of $ FEV_{1} $ to FVC values were obtained. After excluding subjects with asthma, chronic bronchitis, spirometric airway obstruction and current cold, 3378 subjects remained. Equations for predictions of $ FE_{NO} $ values were modelled using nonparametric regression models. Results $ FE_{NO} $ levels were similar in never-smokers and former smokers, and these two groups were therefore merged into a group termed “non-smokers”. Reference equations, including the 5th and 95th percentiles, were generated for female and male non-smokers, based on age, height and atopy. Regression models for current smokers were unstable. Hence, the proposed reference values for current smokers are based on the univariate distribution of $ FE_{NO} $ and fixed cut-off limits. Conclusions Reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ among respiratory healthy non-smokers should be outlined stratified for gender using individual reference values. 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author	Torén, Kjell
spellingShingle	Torén, Kjell misc Asthma misc Atopy misc FE misc General population misc Nitric oxide misc Normal values misc Epidemiology Reference values of fractional excretion of exhaled nitric oxide among non-smokers and current smokers
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topic_title	Reference values of fractional excretion of exhaled nitric oxide among non-smokers and current smokers Asthma (dpeaa)DE-He213 Atopy (dpeaa)DE-He213 FE (dpeaa)DE-He213 General population (dpeaa)DE-He213 Nitric oxide (dpeaa)DE-He213 Normal values (dpeaa)DE-He213 Epidemiology (dpeaa)DE-He213
topic	misc Asthma misc Atopy misc FE misc General population misc Nitric oxide misc Normal values misc Epidemiology
topic_unstemmed	misc Asthma misc Atopy misc FE misc General population misc Nitric oxide misc Normal values misc Epidemiology
topic_browse	misc Asthma misc Atopy misc FE misc General population misc Nitric oxide misc Normal values misc Epidemiology
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title	Reference values of fractional excretion of exhaled nitric oxide among non-smokers and current smokers
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title_full	Reference values of fractional excretion of exhaled nitric oxide among non-smokers and current smokers
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author_browse	Torén, Kjell Murgia, Nicola Schiöler, Linus Bake, Björn Olin, Anna-Carin
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title_sort	reference values of fractional excretion of exhaled nitric oxide among non-smokers and current smokers
title_auth	Reference values of fractional excretion of exhaled nitric oxide among non-smokers and current smokers
abstract	Background Fractional exhaled nitric oxide ($ FE_{NO} $) is used to assess of airway inflammation; diagnose asthma and monitor adherence to advised therapy. Reliable and accurate reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ are needed for both non-smoking and current smoking adults in the clinical setting. The present study was performed to establish reference adult $ FE_{NO} $ values among never-smokers, former smokers and current smokers. Methods $ FE_{NO} $ was measured in 5265 subjects aged 25–75 years in a general-population study, using a chemiluminescence (Niox ™) analyser according to the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society. Atopy was based on the presence of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to common inhalant allergens (measured using Phadiatop® test). Spirometry without bronchodilation was performed and forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expired volume in 1 s ($ FEV_{1} $) and the ratio of $ FEV_{1} $ to FVC values were obtained. After excluding subjects with asthma, chronic bronchitis, spirometric airway obstruction and current cold, 3378 subjects remained. Equations for predictions of $ FE_{NO} $ values were modelled using nonparametric regression models. Results $ FE_{NO} $ levels were similar in never-smokers and former smokers, and these two groups were therefore merged into a group termed “non-smokers”. Reference equations, including the 5th and 95th percentiles, were generated for female and male non-smokers, based on age, height and atopy. Regression models for current smokers were unstable. Hence, the proposed reference values for current smokers are based on the univariate distribution of $ FE_{NO} $ and fixed cut-off limits. Conclusions Reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ among respiratory healthy non-smokers should be outlined stratified for gender using individual reference values. For current smokers separate cut-off limits are proposed. © The Author(s). 2017
abstractGer	Background Fractional exhaled nitric oxide ($ FE_{NO} $) is used to assess of airway inflammation; diagnose asthma and monitor adherence to advised therapy. Reliable and accurate reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ are needed for both non-smoking and current smoking adults in the clinical setting. The present study was performed to establish reference adult $ FE_{NO} $ values among never-smokers, former smokers and current smokers. Methods $ FE_{NO} $ was measured in 5265 subjects aged 25–75 years in a general-population study, using a chemiluminescence (Niox ™) analyser according to the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society. Atopy was based on the presence of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to common inhalant allergens (measured using Phadiatop® test). Spirometry without bronchodilation was performed and forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expired volume in 1 s ($ FEV_{1} $) and the ratio of $ FEV_{1} $ to FVC values were obtained. After excluding subjects with asthma, chronic bronchitis, spirometric airway obstruction and current cold, 3378 subjects remained. Equations for predictions of $ FE_{NO} $ values were modelled using nonparametric regression models. Results $ FE_{NO} $ levels were similar in never-smokers and former smokers, and these two groups were therefore merged into a group termed “non-smokers”. Reference equations, including the 5th and 95th percentiles, were generated for female and male non-smokers, based on age, height and atopy. Regression models for current smokers were unstable. Hence, the proposed reference values for current smokers are based on the univariate distribution of $ FE_{NO} $ and fixed cut-off limits. Conclusions Reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ among respiratory healthy non-smokers should be outlined stratified for gender using individual reference values. For current smokers separate cut-off limits are proposed. © The Author(s). 2017
abstract_unstemmed	Background Fractional exhaled nitric oxide ($ FE_{NO} $) is used to assess of airway inflammation; diagnose asthma and monitor adherence to advised therapy. Reliable and accurate reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ are needed for both non-smoking and current smoking adults in the clinical setting. The present study was performed to establish reference adult $ FE_{NO} $ values among never-smokers, former smokers and current smokers. Methods $ FE_{NO} $ was measured in 5265 subjects aged 25–75 years in a general-population study, using a chemiluminescence (Niox ™) analyser according to the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society. Atopy was based on the presence of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to common inhalant allergens (measured using Phadiatop® test). Spirometry without bronchodilation was performed and forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expired volume in 1 s ($ FEV_{1} $) and the ratio of $ FEV_{1} $ to FVC values were obtained. After excluding subjects with asthma, chronic bronchitis, spirometric airway obstruction and current cold, 3378 subjects remained. Equations for predictions of $ FE_{NO} $ values were modelled using nonparametric regression models. Results $ FE_{NO} $ levels were similar in never-smokers and former smokers, and these two groups were therefore merged into a group termed “non-smokers”. Reference equations, including the 5th and 95th percentiles, were generated for female and male non-smokers, based on age, height and atopy. Regression models for current smokers were unstable. Hence, the proposed reference values for current smokers are based on the univariate distribution of $ FE_{NO} $ and fixed cut-off limits. Conclusions Reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ among respiratory healthy non-smokers should be outlined stratified for gender using individual reference values. For current smokers separate cut-off limits are proposed. © The Author(s). 2017
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title_short	Reference values of fractional excretion of exhaled nitric oxide among non-smokers and current smokers
url	https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12890-017-0456-9
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author2	Murgia, Nicola Schiöler, Linus Bake, Björn Olin, Anna-Carin
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up_date	2024-07-03T16:35:50.897Z
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Reliable and accurate reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ are needed for both non-smoking and current smoking adults in the clinical setting. The present study was performed to establish reference adult $ FE_{NO} $ values among never-smokers, former smokers and current smokers. Methods $ FE_{NO} $ was measured in 5265 subjects aged 25–75 years in a general-population study, using a chemiluminescence (Niox ™) analyser according to the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society. Atopy was based on the presence of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to common inhalant allergens (measured using Phadiatop® test). Spirometry without bronchodilation was performed and forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expired volume in 1 s ($ FEV_{1} $) and the ratio of $ FEV_{1} $ to FVC values were obtained. After excluding subjects with asthma, chronic bronchitis, spirometric airway obstruction and current cold, 3378 subjects remained. Equations for predictions of $ FE_{NO} $ values were modelled using nonparametric regression models. Results $ FE_{NO} $ levels were similar in never-smokers and former smokers, and these two groups were therefore merged into a group termed “non-smokers”. Reference equations, including the 5th and 95th percentiles, were generated for female and male non-smokers, based on age, height and atopy. Regression models for current smokers were unstable. Hence, the proposed reference values for current smokers are based on the univariate distribution of $ FE_{NO} $ and fixed cut-off limits. Conclusions Reference values for $ FE_{NO} $ among respiratory healthy non-smokers should be outlined stratified for gender using individual reference values. 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Reference values of fractional excretion of exhaled nitric oxide among non-smokers and current smokers

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