Pharmacokinetic incompatibility of the Huanglian-Gancao herb pair
Background Pharmacokinetic interaction is one of the most important indices for the evaluation of the compatibility of herbal medicines. Both Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) are commonly used traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). In this study, the influence o...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Zhang, Ji-Quan [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2020 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Anmerkung: |
© The Author(s). 2020 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: BMC complementary and alternative medicine - London : BioMed Central, 2001, 20(2020), 1 vom: 22. Feb. |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:20 ; year:2020 ; number:1 ; day:22 ; month:02 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1186/s12906-020-2845-5 |
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| Katalog-ID: |
SPR028156218 |
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| 520 | |a Background Pharmacokinetic interaction is one of the most important indices for the evaluation of the compatibility of herbal medicines. Both Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) are commonly used traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). In this study, the influence of Gancao on the pharmacokinetics of Huanglian was systematically studied by using berberine as a pharmacokinetic marker. Methods Extracts of the herbal pieces of Huanglian and the herb pair (Huanglian plus Gancao) were prepared with boiling water. The concentration of berberine in the samples was analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The total amounts of berberine in all extract samples were compared. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of Huanglian and the herb pair were conducted in ICR mice. In vitro berberine absorption and efflux were studied using mice gut sacs. The equilibrium solubility of berberine in the extracts was determined. The in vitro dissolution of berberine was comparatively studied using a rotating basket method. Results Gancao significantly reduced berberine exposure in the portal circulation (425.8 ng·h/mL vs. 270.4 ng·h/mL) and the liver (29,500.8 ng·h/mL vs. 15,422.4 ng·h/mL) of the mice. In addition, Gancao decreased the peak concentration ($ C_{max} $) of berberine in the portal circulation (104.3 ng·h/mL vs. 76.5 ng·h/mL) and liver (4926.1 ng·h/mL vs. 2642.8 ng·h/mL) of mice. Significant influences of Gancao on the amount of berberine extracted (32% reduction), the solubility of berberine (34.7% compared with the control group), and dissolution (88.7% vs. 66.1% at 15 min in acid buffer and 68% vs. 51.8% at 15 min in phosphate buffer) were also revealed. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies in ICR mice indicated that the formation of sediment was unfavorable in terms of berberine absorption (345.3 ng·h/mL vs. 119.8 ng·h/mL). Conclusions Gancao was able to reduce intestinal absorption and in vivo exposure of berberine in Huanglian via the formation of sediment, which caused reductions in the extracted amount, solubility, and dissolution of berberine. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Pharmacokinetic interaction |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Herb-herb interaction |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Herb pair |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wang, Rui |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zhou, Ting |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zhao, Qing |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zhao, Chun-Cao |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ma, Bing-Liang |0 (orcid)0000-0001-7059-9811 |4 aut | |
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10.1186/s12906-020-2845-5 doi (DE-627)SPR028156218 (SPR)s12906-020-2845-5-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Zhang, Ji-Quan verfasserin aut Pharmacokinetic incompatibility of the Huanglian-Gancao herb pair 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2020 Background Pharmacokinetic interaction is one of the most important indices for the evaluation of the compatibility of herbal medicines. Both Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) are commonly used traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). In this study, the influence of Gancao on the pharmacokinetics of Huanglian was systematically studied by using berberine as a pharmacokinetic marker. Methods Extracts of the herbal pieces of Huanglian and the herb pair (Huanglian plus Gancao) were prepared with boiling water. The concentration of berberine in the samples was analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The total amounts of berberine in all extract samples were compared. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of Huanglian and the herb pair were conducted in ICR mice. In vitro berberine absorption and efflux were studied using mice gut sacs. The equilibrium solubility of berberine in the extracts was determined. The in vitro dissolution of berberine was comparatively studied using a rotating basket method. Results Gancao significantly reduced berberine exposure in the portal circulation (425.8 ng·h/mL vs. 270.4 ng·h/mL) and the liver (29,500.8 ng·h/mL vs. 15,422.4 ng·h/mL) of the mice. In addition, Gancao decreased the peak concentration ($ C_{max} $) of berberine in the portal circulation (104.3 ng·h/mL vs. 76.5 ng·h/mL) and liver (4926.1 ng·h/mL vs. 2642.8 ng·h/mL) of mice. Significant influences of Gancao on the amount of berberine extracted (32% reduction), the solubility of berberine (34.7% compared with the control group), and dissolution (88.7% vs. 66.1% at 15 min in acid buffer and 68% vs. 51.8% at 15 min in phosphate buffer) were also revealed. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies in ICR mice indicated that the formation of sediment was unfavorable in terms of berberine absorption (345.3 ng·h/mL vs. 119.8 ng·h/mL). Conclusions Gancao was able to reduce intestinal absorption and in vivo exposure of berberine in Huanglian via the formation of sediment, which caused reductions in the extracted amount, solubility, and dissolution of berberine. Pharmacokinetic interaction (dpeaa)DE-He213 Herb-herb interaction (dpeaa)DE-He213 Experimental design (dpeaa)DE-He213 Herb pair (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wang, Rui aut Zhou, Ting aut Zhao, Qing aut Zhao, Chun-Cao aut Ma, Bing-Liang (orcid)0000-0001-7059-9811 aut Enthalten in BMC complementary and alternative medicine London : BioMed Central, 2001 20(2020), 1 vom: 22. Feb. (DE-627)331018713 (DE-600)2050429-9 1472-6882 nnns volume:20 year:2020 number:1 day:22 month:02 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12906-020-2845-5 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA AR 20 2020 1 22 02 |
| spelling |
10.1186/s12906-020-2845-5 doi (DE-627)SPR028156218 (SPR)s12906-020-2845-5-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Zhang, Ji-Quan verfasserin aut Pharmacokinetic incompatibility of the Huanglian-Gancao herb pair 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2020 Background Pharmacokinetic interaction is one of the most important indices for the evaluation of the compatibility of herbal medicines. Both Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) are commonly used traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). In this study, the influence of Gancao on the pharmacokinetics of Huanglian was systematically studied by using berberine as a pharmacokinetic marker. Methods Extracts of the herbal pieces of Huanglian and the herb pair (Huanglian plus Gancao) were prepared with boiling water. The concentration of berberine in the samples was analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The total amounts of berberine in all extract samples were compared. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of Huanglian and the herb pair were conducted in ICR mice. In vitro berberine absorption and efflux were studied using mice gut sacs. The equilibrium solubility of berberine in the extracts was determined. The in vitro dissolution of berberine was comparatively studied using a rotating basket method. Results Gancao significantly reduced berberine exposure in the portal circulation (425.8 ng·h/mL vs. 270.4 ng·h/mL) and the liver (29,500.8 ng·h/mL vs. 15,422.4 ng·h/mL) of the mice. In addition, Gancao decreased the peak concentration ($ C_{max} $) of berberine in the portal circulation (104.3 ng·h/mL vs. 76.5 ng·h/mL) and liver (4926.1 ng·h/mL vs. 2642.8 ng·h/mL) of mice. Significant influences of Gancao on the amount of berberine extracted (32% reduction), the solubility of berberine (34.7% compared with the control group), and dissolution (88.7% vs. 66.1% at 15 min in acid buffer and 68% vs. 51.8% at 15 min in phosphate buffer) were also revealed. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies in ICR mice indicated that the formation of sediment was unfavorable in terms of berberine absorption (345.3 ng·h/mL vs. 119.8 ng·h/mL). Conclusions Gancao was able to reduce intestinal absorption and in vivo exposure of berberine in Huanglian via the formation of sediment, which caused reductions in the extracted amount, solubility, and dissolution of berberine. Pharmacokinetic interaction (dpeaa)DE-He213 Herb-herb interaction (dpeaa)DE-He213 Experimental design (dpeaa)DE-He213 Herb pair (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wang, Rui aut Zhou, Ting aut Zhao, Qing aut Zhao, Chun-Cao aut Ma, Bing-Liang (orcid)0000-0001-7059-9811 aut Enthalten in BMC complementary and alternative medicine London : BioMed Central, 2001 20(2020), 1 vom: 22. Feb. (DE-627)331018713 (DE-600)2050429-9 1472-6882 nnns volume:20 year:2020 number:1 day:22 month:02 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12906-020-2845-5 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA AR 20 2020 1 22 02 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.1186/s12906-020-2845-5 doi (DE-627)SPR028156218 (SPR)s12906-020-2845-5-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Zhang, Ji-Quan verfasserin aut Pharmacokinetic incompatibility of the Huanglian-Gancao herb pair 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2020 Background Pharmacokinetic interaction is one of the most important indices for the evaluation of the compatibility of herbal medicines. Both Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) are commonly used traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). In this study, the influence of Gancao on the pharmacokinetics of Huanglian was systematically studied by using berberine as a pharmacokinetic marker. Methods Extracts of the herbal pieces of Huanglian and the herb pair (Huanglian plus Gancao) were prepared with boiling water. The concentration of berberine in the samples was analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The total amounts of berberine in all extract samples were compared. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of Huanglian and the herb pair were conducted in ICR mice. In vitro berberine absorption and efflux were studied using mice gut sacs. The equilibrium solubility of berberine in the extracts was determined. The in vitro dissolution of berberine was comparatively studied using a rotating basket method. Results Gancao significantly reduced berberine exposure in the portal circulation (425.8 ng·h/mL vs. 270.4 ng·h/mL) and the liver (29,500.8 ng·h/mL vs. 15,422.4 ng·h/mL) of the mice. In addition, Gancao decreased the peak concentration ($ C_{max} $) of berberine in the portal circulation (104.3 ng·h/mL vs. 76.5 ng·h/mL) and liver (4926.1 ng·h/mL vs. 2642.8 ng·h/mL) of mice. Significant influences of Gancao on the amount of berberine extracted (32% reduction), the solubility of berberine (34.7% compared with the control group), and dissolution (88.7% vs. 66.1% at 15 min in acid buffer and 68% vs. 51.8% at 15 min in phosphate buffer) were also revealed. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies in ICR mice indicated that the formation of sediment was unfavorable in terms of berberine absorption (345.3 ng·h/mL vs. 119.8 ng·h/mL). Conclusions Gancao was able to reduce intestinal absorption and in vivo exposure of berberine in Huanglian via the formation of sediment, which caused reductions in the extracted amount, solubility, and dissolution of berberine. Pharmacokinetic interaction (dpeaa)DE-He213 Herb-herb interaction (dpeaa)DE-He213 Experimental design (dpeaa)DE-He213 Herb pair (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wang, Rui aut Zhou, Ting aut Zhao, Qing aut Zhao, Chun-Cao aut Ma, Bing-Liang (orcid)0000-0001-7059-9811 aut Enthalten in BMC complementary and alternative medicine London : BioMed Central, 2001 20(2020), 1 vom: 22. Feb. (DE-627)331018713 (DE-600)2050429-9 1472-6882 nnns volume:20 year:2020 number:1 day:22 month:02 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12906-020-2845-5 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA AR 20 2020 1 22 02 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.1186/s12906-020-2845-5 doi (DE-627)SPR028156218 (SPR)s12906-020-2845-5-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Zhang, Ji-Quan verfasserin aut Pharmacokinetic incompatibility of the Huanglian-Gancao herb pair 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2020 Background Pharmacokinetic interaction is one of the most important indices for the evaluation of the compatibility of herbal medicines. Both Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) are commonly used traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). In this study, the influence of Gancao on the pharmacokinetics of Huanglian was systematically studied by using berberine as a pharmacokinetic marker. Methods Extracts of the herbal pieces of Huanglian and the herb pair (Huanglian plus Gancao) were prepared with boiling water. The concentration of berberine in the samples was analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The total amounts of berberine in all extract samples were compared. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of Huanglian and the herb pair were conducted in ICR mice. In vitro berberine absorption and efflux were studied using mice gut sacs. The equilibrium solubility of berberine in the extracts was determined. The in vitro dissolution of berberine was comparatively studied using a rotating basket method. Results Gancao significantly reduced berberine exposure in the portal circulation (425.8 ng·h/mL vs. 270.4 ng·h/mL) and the liver (29,500.8 ng·h/mL vs. 15,422.4 ng·h/mL) of the mice. In addition, Gancao decreased the peak concentration ($ C_{max} $) of berberine in the portal circulation (104.3 ng·h/mL vs. 76.5 ng·h/mL) and liver (4926.1 ng·h/mL vs. 2642.8 ng·h/mL) of mice. Significant influences of Gancao on the amount of berberine extracted (32% reduction), the solubility of berberine (34.7% compared with the control group), and dissolution (88.7% vs. 66.1% at 15 min in acid buffer and 68% vs. 51.8% at 15 min in phosphate buffer) were also revealed. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies in ICR mice indicated that the formation of sediment was unfavorable in terms of berberine absorption (345.3 ng·h/mL vs. 119.8 ng·h/mL). Conclusions Gancao was able to reduce intestinal absorption and in vivo exposure of berberine in Huanglian via the formation of sediment, which caused reductions in the extracted amount, solubility, and dissolution of berberine. Pharmacokinetic interaction (dpeaa)DE-He213 Herb-herb interaction (dpeaa)DE-He213 Experimental design (dpeaa)DE-He213 Herb pair (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wang, Rui aut Zhou, Ting aut Zhao, Qing aut Zhao, Chun-Cao aut Ma, Bing-Liang (orcid)0000-0001-7059-9811 aut Enthalten in BMC complementary and alternative medicine London : BioMed Central, 2001 20(2020), 1 vom: 22. Feb. (DE-627)331018713 (DE-600)2050429-9 1472-6882 nnns volume:20 year:2020 number:1 day:22 month:02 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12906-020-2845-5 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA AR 20 2020 1 22 02 |
| allfieldsSound |
10.1186/s12906-020-2845-5 doi (DE-627)SPR028156218 (SPR)s12906-020-2845-5-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Zhang, Ji-Quan verfasserin aut Pharmacokinetic incompatibility of the Huanglian-Gancao herb pair 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2020 Background Pharmacokinetic interaction is one of the most important indices for the evaluation of the compatibility of herbal medicines. Both Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) are commonly used traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). In this study, the influence of Gancao on the pharmacokinetics of Huanglian was systematically studied by using berberine as a pharmacokinetic marker. Methods Extracts of the herbal pieces of Huanglian and the herb pair (Huanglian plus Gancao) were prepared with boiling water. The concentration of berberine in the samples was analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The total amounts of berberine in all extract samples were compared. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of Huanglian and the herb pair were conducted in ICR mice. In vitro berberine absorption and efflux were studied using mice gut sacs. The equilibrium solubility of berberine in the extracts was determined. The in vitro dissolution of berberine was comparatively studied using a rotating basket method. Results Gancao significantly reduced berberine exposure in the portal circulation (425.8 ng·h/mL vs. 270.4 ng·h/mL) and the liver (29,500.8 ng·h/mL vs. 15,422.4 ng·h/mL) of the mice. In addition, Gancao decreased the peak concentration ($ C_{max} $) of berberine in the portal circulation (104.3 ng·h/mL vs. 76.5 ng·h/mL) and liver (4926.1 ng·h/mL vs. 2642.8 ng·h/mL) of mice. Significant influences of Gancao on the amount of berberine extracted (32% reduction), the solubility of berberine (34.7% compared with the control group), and dissolution (88.7% vs. 66.1% at 15 min in acid buffer and 68% vs. 51.8% at 15 min in phosphate buffer) were also revealed. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies in ICR mice indicated that the formation of sediment was unfavorable in terms of berberine absorption (345.3 ng·h/mL vs. 119.8 ng·h/mL). Conclusions Gancao was able to reduce intestinal absorption and in vivo exposure of berberine in Huanglian via the formation of sediment, which caused reductions in the extracted amount, solubility, and dissolution of berberine. Pharmacokinetic interaction (dpeaa)DE-He213 Herb-herb interaction (dpeaa)DE-He213 Experimental design (dpeaa)DE-He213 Herb pair (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wang, Rui aut Zhou, Ting aut Zhao, Qing aut Zhao, Chun-Cao aut Ma, Bing-Liang (orcid)0000-0001-7059-9811 aut Enthalten in BMC complementary and alternative medicine London : BioMed Central, 2001 20(2020), 1 vom: 22. Feb. (DE-627)331018713 (DE-600)2050429-9 1472-6882 nnns volume:20 year:2020 number:1 day:22 month:02 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12906-020-2845-5 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA AR 20 2020 1 22 02 |
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Both Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) are commonly used traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). In this study, the influence of Gancao on the pharmacokinetics of Huanglian was systematically studied by using berberine as a pharmacokinetic marker. Methods Extracts of the herbal pieces of Huanglian and the herb pair (Huanglian plus Gancao) were prepared with boiling water. The concentration of berberine in the samples was analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The total amounts of berberine in all extract samples were compared. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of Huanglian and the herb pair were conducted in ICR mice. In vitro berberine absorption and efflux were studied using mice gut sacs. The equilibrium solubility of berberine in the extracts was determined. The in vitro dissolution of berberine was comparatively studied using a rotating basket method. Results Gancao significantly reduced berberine exposure in the portal circulation (425.8 ng·h/mL vs. 270.4 ng·h/mL) and the liver (29,500.8 ng·h/mL vs. 15,422.4 ng·h/mL) of the mice. In addition, Gancao decreased the peak concentration ($ C_{max} $) of berberine in the portal circulation (104.3 ng·h/mL vs. 76.5 ng·h/mL) and liver (4926.1 ng·h/mL vs. 2642.8 ng·h/mL) of mice. Significant influences of Gancao on the amount of berberine extracted (32% reduction), the solubility of berberine (34.7% compared with the control group), and dissolution (88.7% vs. 66.1% at 15 min in acid buffer and 68% vs. 51.8% at 15 min in phosphate buffer) were also revealed. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies in ICR mice indicated that the formation of sediment was unfavorable in terms of berberine absorption (345.3 ng·h/mL vs. 119.8 ng·h/mL). Conclusions Gancao was able to reduce intestinal absorption and in vivo exposure of berberine in Huanglian via the formation of sediment, which caused reductions in the extracted amount, solubility, and dissolution of berberine.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Pharmacokinetic interaction</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Herb-herb interaction</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Experimental design</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Herb pair</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Wang, Rui</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Zhou, Ting</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Zhao, Qing</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Zhao, Chun-Cao</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Ma, Bing-Liang</subfield><subfield code="0">(orcid)0000-0001-7059-9811</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Enthalten in</subfield><subfield code="t">BMC complementary and alternative medicine</subfield><subfield code="d">London : BioMed Central, 2001</subfield><subfield code="g">20(2020), 1 vom: 22. 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Pharmacokinetic incompatibility of the Huanglian-Gancao herb pair |
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Background Pharmacokinetic interaction is one of the most important indices for the evaluation of the compatibility of herbal medicines. Both Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) are commonly used traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). In this study, the influence of Gancao on the pharmacokinetics of Huanglian was systematically studied by using berberine as a pharmacokinetic marker. Methods Extracts of the herbal pieces of Huanglian and the herb pair (Huanglian plus Gancao) were prepared with boiling water. The concentration of berberine in the samples was analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The total amounts of berberine in all extract samples were compared. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of Huanglian and the herb pair were conducted in ICR mice. In vitro berberine absorption and efflux were studied using mice gut sacs. The equilibrium solubility of berberine in the extracts was determined. The in vitro dissolution of berberine was comparatively studied using a rotating basket method. Results Gancao significantly reduced berberine exposure in the portal circulation (425.8 ng·h/mL vs. 270.4 ng·h/mL) and the liver (29,500.8 ng·h/mL vs. 15,422.4 ng·h/mL) of the mice. In addition, Gancao decreased the peak concentration ($ C_{max} $) of berberine in the portal circulation (104.3 ng·h/mL vs. 76.5 ng·h/mL) and liver (4926.1 ng·h/mL vs. 2642.8 ng·h/mL) of mice. Significant influences of Gancao on the amount of berberine extracted (32% reduction), the solubility of berberine (34.7% compared with the control group), and dissolution (88.7% vs. 66.1% at 15 min in acid buffer and 68% vs. 51.8% at 15 min in phosphate buffer) were also revealed. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies in ICR mice indicated that the formation of sediment was unfavorable in terms of berberine absorption (345.3 ng·h/mL vs. 119.8 ng·h/mL). Conclusions Gancao was able to reduce intestinal absorption and in vivo exposure of berberine in Huanglian via the formation of sediment, which caused reductions in the extracted amount, solubility, and dissolution of berberine. © The Author(s). 2020 |
| abstractGer |
Background Pharmacokinetic interaction is one of the most important indices for the evaluation of the compatibility of herbal medicines. Both Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) are commonly used traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). In this study, the influence of Gancao on the pharmacokinetics of Huanglian was systematically studied by using berberine as a pharmacokinetic marker. Methods Extracts of the herbal pieces of Huanglian and the herb pair (Huanglian plus Gancao) were prepared with boiling water. The concentration of berberine in the samples was analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The total amounts of berberine in all extract samples were compared. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of Huanglian and the herb pair were conducted in ICR mice. In vitro berberine absorption and efflux were studied using mice gut sacs. The equilibrium solubility of berberine in the extracts was determined. The in vitro dissolution of berberine was comparatively studied using a rotating basket method. Results Gancao significantly reduced berberine exposure in the portal circulation (425.8 ng·h/mL vs. 270.4 ng·h/mL) and the liver (29,500.8 ng·h/mL vs. 15,422.4 ng·h/mL) of the mice. In addition, Gancao decreased the peak concentration ($ C_{max} $) of berberine in the portal circulation (104.3 ng·h/mL vs. 76.5 ng·h/mL) and liver (4926.1 ng·h/mL vs. 2642.8 ng·h/mL) of mice. Significant influences of Gancao on the amount of berberine extracted (32% reduction), the solubility of berberine (34.7% compared with the control group), and dissolution (88.7% vs. 66.1% at 15 min in acid buffer and 68% vs. 51.8% at 15 min in phosphate buffer) were also revealed. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies in ICR mice indicated that the formation of sediment was unfavorable in terms of berberine absorption (345.3 ng·h/mL vs. 119.8 ng·h/mL). Conclusions Gancao was able to reduce intestinal absorption and in vivo exposure of berberine in Huanglian via the formation of sediment, which caused reductions in the extracted amount, solubility, and dissolution of berberine. © The Author(s). 2020 |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Background Pharmacokinetic interaction is one of the most important indices for the evaluation of the compatibility of herbal medicines. Both Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) are commonly used traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). In this study, the influence of Gancao on the pharmacokinetics of Huanglian was systematically studied by using berberine as a pharmacokinetic marker. Methods Extracts of the herbal pieces of Huanglian and the herb pair (Huanglian plus Gancao) were prepared with boiling water. The concentration of berberine in the samples was analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The total amounts of berberine in all extract samples were compared. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of Huanglian and the herb pair were conducted in ICR mice. In vitro berberine absorption and efflux were studied using mice gut sacs. The equilibrium solubility of berberine in the extracts was determined. The in vitro dissolution of berberine was comparatively studied using a rotating basket method. Results Gancao significantly reduced berberine exposure in the portal circulation (425.8 ng·h/mL vs. 270.4 ng·h/mL) and the liver (29,500.8 ng·h/mL vs. 15,422.4 ng·h/mL) of the mice. In addition, Gancao decreased the peak concentration ($ C_{max} $) of berberine in the portal circulation (104.3 ng·h/mL vs. 76.5 ng·h/mL) and liver (4926.1 ng·h/mL vs. 2642.8 ng·h/mL) of mice. Significant influences of Gancao on the amount of berberine extracted (32% reduction), the solubility of berberine (34.7% compared with the control group), and dissolution (88.7% vs. 66.1% at 15 min in acid buffer and 68% vs. 51.8% at 15 min in phosphate buffer) were also revealed. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies in ICR mice indicated that the formation of sediment was unfavorable in terms of berberine absorption (345.3 ng·h/mL vs. 119.8 ng·h/mL). Conclusions Gancao was able to reduce intestinal absorption and in vivo exposure of berberine in Huanglian via the formation of sediment, which caused reductions in the extracted amount, solubility, and dissolution of berberine. © The Author(s). 2020 |
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Both Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) are commonly used traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). In this study, the influence of Gancao on the pharmacokinetics of Huanglian was systematically studied by using berberine as a pharmacokinetic marker. Methods Extracts of the herbal pieces of Huanglian and the herb pair (Huanglian plus Gancao) were prepared with boiling water. The concentration of berberine in the samples was analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The total amounts of berberine in all extract samples were compared. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of Huanglian and the herb pair were conducted in ICR mice. In vitro berberine absorption and efflux were studied using mice gut sacs. The equilibrium solubility of berberine in the extracts was determined. The in vitro dissolution of berberine was comparatively studied using a rotating basket method. Results Gancao significantly reduced berberine exposure in the portal circulation (425.8 ng·h/mL vs. 270.4 ng·h/mL) and the liver (29,500.8 ng·h/mL vs. 15,422.4 ng·h/mL) of the mice. In addition, Gancao decreased the peak concentration ($ C_{max} $) of berberine in the portal circulation (104.3 ng·h/mL vs. 76.5 ng·h/mL) and liver (4926.1 ng·h/mL vs. 2642.8 ng·h/mL) of mice. Significant influences of Gancao on the amount of berberine extracted (32% reduction), the solubility of berberine (34.7% compared with the control group), and dissolution (88.7% vs. 66.1% at 15 min in acid buffer and 68% vs. 51.8% at 15 min in phosphate buffer) were also revealed. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies in ICR mice indicated that the formation of sediment was unfavorable in terms of berberine absorption (345.3 ng·h/mL vs. 119.8 ng·h/mL). 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