Bio-detheobromination of cocoa pod husks: reduction of ochratoxin A content without change in nutrient profile

Background Utilization of cocoa pod husks (CPH) in animal feed is hindered by the presence of theobromine, which is variably toxic to animals. Treatment of this agro-waste to remove theobromine, while preserving its nutrient content, would allow beneficial use of the millions of metric tonnes discar...
Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Oduro-Mensah, Daniel [verfasserIn] Ocloo, Augustine Lowor, Sammy T. Mingle, Cheetham Okine, Laud K. N.-A. Adamafio, Naa Ayikailey

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2018

Schlagwörter:	Cocoa pod husk Ochratoxin A Theobromine

Anmerkung:	© The Author(s) 2018

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Microbial cell factories - London : Biomed Central, 2002, 17(2018), 1 vom: 19. Mai
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:17 ; year:2018 ; number:1 ; day:19 ; month:05

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1186/s12934-018-0931-x

Katalog-ID:	SPR028574400

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520			\|a Background Utilization of cocoa pod husks (CPH) in animal feed is hindered by the presence of theobromine, which is variably toxic to animals. Treatment of this agro-waste to remove theobromine, while preserving its nutrient content, would allow beneficial use of the millions of metric tonnes discarded annually. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of selected theobromine-degrading filamentous fungi for use as bio-tools in degradation of theobromine in CPH. Results The candidate fungi assessed in this study were an Aspergillus niger (AnTD) and three Talaromyces spp. (TmTD-1, TmTD-2, TvTD) isolates. All the fungi eliminated CPH theobromine, 0.15% w/w starting concentration, within 7 days of start of treatment, and were capable of degrading caffeine and theophylline. The fungi decreased CPH ochratoxin A content by 31–74%. Pectin was not detectable in fungus-treated CPH whereas parameters assessed for proximate composition were not affected. Conclusions The data provide ample evidence that the four isolates can be applied to CPH for the purpose of eliminating theobromine and decreasing ochratoxin A content without affecting nutrient profile. Comparatively, Talaromyces verruculosus TvTD was considered as most suitable for use as a bio-tool in detheobromination of CPH for animal feed.
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allfields	10.1186/s12934-018-0931-x doi (DE-627)SPR028574400 (SPR)s12934-018-0931-x-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Oduro-Mensah, Daniel verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-4492-2202 aut Bio-detheobromination of cocoa pod husks: reduction of ochratoxin A content without change in nutrient profile 2018 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2018 Background Utilization of cocoa pod husks (CPH) in animal feed is hindered by the presence of theobromine, which is variably toxic to animals. Treatment of this agro-waste to remove theobromine, while preserving its nutrient content, would allow beneficial use of the millions of metric tonnes discarded annually. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of selected theobromine-degrading filamentous fungi for use as bio-tools in degradation of theobromine in CPH. Results The candidate fungi assessed in this study were an Aspergillus niger (AnTD) and three Talaromyces spp. (TmTD-1, TmTD-2, TvTD) isolates. All the fungi eliminated CPH theobromine, 0.15% w/w starting concentration, within 7 days of start of treatment, and were capable of degrading caffeine and theophylline. The fungi decreased CPH ochratoxin A content by 31–74%. Pectin was not detectable in fungus-treated CPH whereas parameters assessed for proximate composition were not affected. Conclusions The data provide ample evidence that the four isolates can be applied to CPH for the purpose of eliminating theobromine and decreasing ochratoxin A content without affecting nutrient profile. Comparatively, Talaromyces verruculosus TvTD was considered as most suitable for use as a bio-tool in detheobromination of CPH for animal feed. Cocoa pod husk (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ochratoxin A (dpeaa)DE-He213 Theobromine (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ocloo, Augustine aut Lowor, Sammy T. aut Mingle, Cheetham aut Okine, Laud K. N.-A. aut Adamafio, Naa Ayikailey aut Enthalten in Microbial cell factories London : Biomed Central, 2002 17(2018), 1 vom: 19. Mai (DE-627)355987651 (DE-600)2091377-1 1475-2859 nnns volume:17 year:2018 number:1 day:19 month:05 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12934-018-0931-x kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 17 2018 1 19 05
spelling	10.1186/s12934-018-0931-x doi (DE-627)SPR028574400 (SPR)s12934-018-0931-x-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Oduro-Mensah, Daniel verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-4492-2202 aut Bio-detheobromination of cocoa pod husks: reduction of ochratoxin A content without change in nutrient profile 2018 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2018 Background Utilization of cocoa pod husks (CPH) in animal feed is hindered by the presence of theobromine, which is variably toxic to animals. Treatment of this agro-waste to remove theobromine, while preserving its nutrient content, would allow beneficial use of the millions of metric tonnes discarded annually. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of selected theobromine-degrading filamentous fungi for use as bio-tools in degradation of theobromine in CPH. Results The candidate fungi assessed in this study were an Aspergillus niger (AnTD) and three Talaromyces spp. (TmTD-1, TmTD-2, TvTD) isolates. All the fungi eliminated CPH theobromine, 0.15% w/w starting concentration, within 7 days of start of treatment, and were capable of degrading caffeine and theophylline. The fungi decreased CPH ochratoxin A content by 31–74%. Pectin was not detectable in fungus-treated CPH whereas parameters assessed for proximate composition were not affected. Conclusions The data provide ample evidence that the four isolates can be applied to CPH for the purpose of eliminating theobromine and decreasing ochratoxin A content without affecting nutrient profile. Comparatively, Talaromyces verruculosus TvTD was considered as most suitable for use as a bio-tool in detheobromination of CPH for animal feed. Cocoa pod husk (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ochratoxin A (dpeaa)DE-He213 Theobromine (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ocloo, Augustine aut Lowor, Sammy T. aut Mingle, Cheetham aut Okine, Laud K. N.-A. aut Adamafio, Naa Ayikailey aut Enthalten in Microbial cell factories London : Biomed Central, 2002 17(2018), 1 vom: 19. Mai (DE-627)355987651 (DE-600)2091377-1 1475-2859 nnns volume:17 year:2018 number:1 day:19 month:05 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12934-018-0931-x kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 17 2018 1 19 05
allfields_unstemmed	10.1186/s12934-018-0931-x doi (DE-627)SPR028574400 (SPR)s12934-018-0931-x-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Oduro-Mensah, Daniel verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-4492-2202 aut Bio-detheobromination of cocoa pod husks: reduction of ochratoxin A content without change in nutrient profile 2018 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2018 Background Utilization of cocoa pod husks (CPH) in animal feed is hindered by the presence of theobromine, which is variably toxic to animals. Treatment of this agro-waste to remove theobromine, while preserving its nutrient content, would allow beneficial use of the millions of metric tonnes discarded annually. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of selected theobromine-degrading filamentous fungi for use as bio-tools in degradation of theobromine in CPH. Results The candidate fungi assessed in this study were an Aspergillus niger (AnTD) and three Talaromyces spp. (TmTD-1, TmTD-2, TvTD) isolates. All the fungi eliminated CPH theobromine, 0.15% w/w starting concentration, within 7 days of start of treatment, and were capable of degrading caffeine and theophylline. The fungi decreased CPH ochratoxin A content by 31–74%. Pectin was not detectable in fungus-treated CPH whereas parameters assessed for proximate composition were not affected. Conclusions The data provide ample evidence that the four isolates can be applied to CPH for the purpose of eliminating theobromine and decreasing ochratoxin A content without affecting nutrient profile. Comparatively, Talaromyces verruculosus TvTD was considered as most suitable for use as a bio-tool in detheobromination of CPH for animal feed. Cocoa pod husk (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ochratoxin A (dpeaa)DE-He213 Theobromine (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ocloo, Augustine aut Lowor, Sammy T. aut Mingle, Cheetham aut Okine, Laud K. N.-A. aut Adamafio, Naa Ayikailey aut Enthalten in Microbial cell factories London : Biomed Central, 2002 17(2018), 1 vom: 19. Mai (DE-627)355987651 (DE-600)2091377-1 1475-2859 nnns volume:17 year:2018 number:1 day:19 month:05 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12934-018-0931-x kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 17 2018 1 19 05
allfieldsGer	10.1186/s12934-018-0931-x doi (DE-627)SPR028574400 (SPR)s12934-018-0931-x-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Oduro-Mensah, Daniel verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-4492-2202 aut Bio-detheobromination of cocoa pod husks: reduction of ochratoxin A content without change in nutrient profile 2018 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2018 Background Utilization of cocoa pod husks (CPH) in animal feed is hindered by the presence of theobromine, which is variably toxic to animals. Treatment of this agro-waste to remove theobromine, while preserving its nutrient content, would allow beneficial use of the millions of metric tonnes discarded annually. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of selected theobromine-degrading filamentous fungi for use as bio-tools in degradation of theobromine in CPH. Results The candidate fungi assessed in this study were an Aspergillus niger (AnTD) and three Talaromyces spp. (TmTD-1, TmTD-2, TvTD) isolates. All the fungi eliminated CPH theobromine, 0.15% w/w starting concentration, within 7 days of start of treatment, and were capable of degrading caffeine and theophylline. The fungi decreased CPH ochratoxin A content by 31–74%. Pectin was not detectable in fungus-treated CPH whereas parameters assessed for proximate composition were not affected. Conclusions The data provide ample evidence that the four isolates can be applied to CPH for the purpose of eliminating theobromine and decreasing ochratoxin A content without affecting nutrient profile. Comparatively, Talaromyces verruculosus TvTD was considered as most suitable for use as a bio-tool in detheobromination of CPH for animal feed. Cocoa pod husk (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ochratoxin A (dpeaa)DE-He213 Theobromine (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ocloo, Augustine aut Lowor, Sammy T. aut Mingle, Cheetham aut Okine, Laud K. N.-A. aut Adamafio, Naa Ayikailey aut Enthalten in Microbial cell factories London : Biomed Central, 2002 17(2018), 1 vom: 19. Mai (DE-627)355987651 (DE-600)2091377-1 1475-2859 nnns volume:17 year:2018 number:1 day:19 month:05 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12934-018-0931-x kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 17 2018 1 19 05
allfieldsSound	10.1186/s12934-018-0931-x doi (DE-627)SPR028574400 (SPR)s12934-018-0931-x-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Oduro-Mensah, Daniel verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-4492-2202 aut Bio-detheobromination of cocoa pod husks: reduction of ochratoxin A content without change in nutrient profile 2018 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2018 Background Utilization of cocoa pod husks (CPH) in animal feed is hindered by the presence of theobromine, which is variably toxic to animals. Treatment of this agro-waste to remove theobromine, while preserving its nutrient content, would allow beneficial use of the millions of metric tonnes discarded annually. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of selected theobromine-degrading filamentous fungi for use as bio-tools in degradation of theobromine in CPH. Results The candidate fungi assessed in this study were an Aspergillus niger (AnTD) and three Talaromyces spp. (TmTD-1, TmTD-2, TvTD) isolates. All the fungi eliminated CPH theobromine, 0.15% w/w starting concentration, within 7 days of start of treatment, and were capable of degrading caffeine and theophylline. The fungi decreased CPH ochratoxin A content by 31–74%. Pectin was not detectable in fungus-treated CPH whereas parameters assessed for proximate composition were not affected. Conclusions The data provide ample evidence that the four isolates can be applied to CPH for the purpose of eliminating theobromine and decreasing ochratoxin A content without affecting nutrient profile. Comparatively, Talaromyces verruculosus TvTD was considered as most suitable for use as a bio-tool in detheobromination of CPH for animal feed. Cocoa pod husk (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ochratoxin A (dpeaa)DE-He213 Theobromine (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ocloo, Augustine aut Lowor, Sammy T. aut Mingle, Cheetham aut Okine, Laud K. N.-A. aut Adamafio, Naa Ayikailey aut Enthalten in Microbial cell factories London : Biomed Central, 2002 17(2018), 1 vom: 19. Mai (DE-627)355987651 (DE-600)2091377-1 1475-2859 nnns volume:17 year:2018 number:1 day:19 month:05 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12934-018-0931-x kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 17 2018 1 19 05
language	English
source	Enthalten in Microbial cell factories 17(2018), 1 vom: 19. Mai volume:17 year:2018 number:1 day:19 month:05
sourceStr	Enthalten in Microbial cell factories 17(2018), 1 vom: 19. Mai volume:17 year:2018 number:1 day:19 month:05
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topic_facet	Cocoa pod husk Ochratoxin A Theobromine
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authorswithroles_txt_mv	Oduro-Mensah, Daniel @@aut@@ Ocloo, Augustine @@aut@@ Lowor, Sammy T. @@aut@@ Mingle, Cheetham @@aut@@ Okine, Laud K. N.-A. @@aut@@ Adamafio, Naa Ayikailey @@aut@@
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author	Oduro-Mensah, Daniel
spellingShingle	Oduro-Mensah, Daniel misc Cocoa pod husk misc Ochratoxin A misc Theobromine Bio-detheobromination of cocoa pod husks: reduction of ochratoxin A content without change in nutrient profile
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topic_title	Bio-detheobromination of cocoa pod husks: reduction of ochratoxin A content without change in nutrient profile Cocoa pod husk (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ochratoxin A (dpeaa)DE-He213 Theobromine (dpeaa)DE-He213
topic	misc Cocoa pod husk misc Ochratoxin A misc Theobromine
topic_unstemmed	misc Cocoa pod husk misc Ochratoxin A misc Theobromine
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title	Bio-detheobromination of cocoa pod husks: reduction of ochratoxin A content without change in nutrient profile
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title_full	Bio-detheobromination of cocoa pod husks: reduction of ochratoxin A content without change in nutrient profile
author_sort	Oduro-Mensah, Daniel
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author_browse	Oduro-Mensah, Daniel Ocloo, Augustine Lowor, Sammy T. Mingle, Cheetham Okine, Laud K. N.-A. Adamafio, Naa Ayikailey
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title_sort	bio-detheobromination of cocoa pod husks: reduction of ochratoxin a content without change in nutrient profile
title_auth	Bio-detheobromination of cocoa pod husks: reduction of ochratoxin A content without change in nutrient profile
abstract	Background Utilization of cocoa pod husks (CPH) in animal feed is hindered by the presence of theobromine, which is variably toxic to animals. Treatment of this agro-waste to remove theobromine, while preserving its nutrient content, would allow beneficial use of the millions of metric tonnes discarded annually. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of selected theobromine-degrading filamentous fungi for use as bio-tools in degradation of theobromine in CPH. Results The candidate fungi assessed in this study were an Aspergillus niger (AnTD) and three Talaromyces spp. (TmTD-1, TmTD-2, TvTD) isolates. All the fungi eliminated CPH theobromine, 0.15% w/w starting concentration, within 7 days of start of treatment, and were capable of degrading caffeine and theophylline. The fungi decreased CPH ochratoxin A content by 31–74%. Pectin was not detectable in fungus-treated CPH whereas parameters assessed for proximate composition were not affected. Conclusions The data provide ample evidence that the four isolates can be applied to CPH for the purpose of eliminating theobromine and decreasing ochratoxin A content without affecting nutrient profile. Comparatively, Talaromyces verruculosus TvTD was considered as most suitable for use as a bio-tool in detheobromination of CPH for animal feed. © The Author(s) 2018
abstractGer	Background Utilization of cocoa pod husks (CPH) in animal feed is hindered by the presence of theobromine, which is variably toxic to animals. Treatment of this agro-waste to remove theobromine, while preserving its nutrient content, would allow beneficial use of the millions of metric tonnes discarded annually. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of selected theobromine-degrading filamentous fungi for use as bio-tools in degradation of theobromine in CPH. Results The candidate fungi assessed in this study were an Aspergillus niger (AnTD) and three Talaromyces spp. (TmTD-1, TmTD-2, TvTD) isolates. All the fungi eliminated CPH theobromine, 0.15% w/w starting concentration, within 7 days of start of treatment, and were capable of degrading caffeine and theophylline. The fungi decreased CPH ochratoxin A content by 31–74%. Pectin was not detectable in fungus-treated CPH whereas parameters assessed for proximate composition were not affected. Conclusions The data provide ample evidence that the four isolates can be applied to CPH for the purpose of eliminating theobromine and decreasing ochratoxin A content without affecting nutrient profile. Comparatively, Talaromyces verruculosus TvTD was considered as most suitable for use as a bio-tool in detheobromination of CPH for animal feed. © The Author(s) 2018
abstract_unstemmed	Background Utilization of cocoa pod husks (CPH) in animal feed is hindered by the presence of theobromine, which is variably toxic to animals. Treatment of this agro-waste to remove theobromine, while preserving its nutrient content, would allow beneficial use of the millions of metric tonnes discarded annually. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of selected theobromine-degrading filamentous fungi for use as bio-tools in degradation of theobromine in CPH. Results The candidate fungi assessed in this study were an Aspergillus niger (AnTD) and three Talaromyces spp. (TmTD-1, TmTD-2, TvTD) isolates. All the fungi eliminated CPH theobromine, 0.15% w/w starting concentration, within 7 days of start of treatment, and were capable of degrading caffeine and theophylline. The fungi decreased CPH ochratoxin A content by 31–74%. Pectin was not detectable in fungus-treated CPH whereas parameters assessed for proximate composition were not affected. Conclusions The data provide ample evidence that the four isolates can be applied to CPH for the purpose of eliminating theobromine and decreasing ochratoxin A content without affecting nutrient profile. Comparatively, Talaromyces verruculosus TvTD was considered as most suitable for use as a bio-tool in detheobromination of CPH for animal feed. © The Author(s) 2018
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title_short	Bio-detheobromination of cocoa pod husks: reduction of ochratoxin A content without change in nutrient profile
url	https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12934-018-0931-x
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author2	Ocloo, Augustine Lowor, Sammy T. Mingle, Cheetham Okine, Laud K. N.-A. Adamafio, Naa Ayikailey
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up_date	2024-07-03T20:19:12.571Z
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Treatment of this agro-waste to remove theobromine, while preserving its nutrient content, would allow beneficial use of the millions of metric tonnes discarded annually. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of selected theobromine-degrading filamentous fungi for use as bio-tools in degradation of theobromine in CPH. Results The candidate fungi assessed in this study were an Aspergillus niger (AnTD) and three Talaromyces spp. (TmTD-1, TmTD-2, TvTD) isolates. All the fungi eliminated CPH theobromine, 0.15% w/w starting concentration, within 7 days of start of treatment, and were capable of degrading caffeine and theophylline. The fungi decreased CPH ochratoxin A content by 31–74%. Pectin was not detectable in fungus-treated CPH whereas parameters assessed for proximate composition were not affected. 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Bio-detheobromination of cocoa pod husks: reduction of ochratoxin A content without change in nutrient profile

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