Importance of A-loop complementarity with $ tRNA^{His} $ anticodon for continued selection of $ tRNA^{His} $ as the HIV reverse transcription primer
Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) preferentially selects $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ as the primer for reverse transcription. HIV-1 can be forced to select alternative tRNAs through mutation in the primer-binding site (PBS) and a region upstream of the PBS designated as the A-loop. Alteration of...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Ni, Na [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2007 |
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© Ni et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2007. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Virology journal - London : BioMed Central, 2004, 4(2007), 1 vom: 10. Jan. |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:4 ; year:2007 ; number:1 ; day:10 ; month:01 |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1186/1743-422X-4-4 |
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| Katalog-ID: |
SPR029233429 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Ni, Na |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Importance of A-loop complementarity with $ tRNA^{His} $ anticodon for continued selection of $ tRNA^{His} $ as the HIV reverse transcription primer |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2007 | |
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| 500 | |a © Ni et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2007. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( | ||
| 520 | |a Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) preferentially selects $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ as the primer for reverse transcription. HIV-1 can be forced to select alternative tRNAs through mutation in the primer-binding site (PBS) and a region upstream of the PBS designated as the A-loop. Alteration of the PBS and A-loop to be complementary to the 3' terminal nucleotides and anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $ results in HIV-1 that can stably utilize this tRNA for replication. Results In the current study, we have investigated the effect that mutations within the A-loop have on the stability of HIV-1 with a PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $. For these studies, we have altered the A-loop to be complementary to $ tRNA^{Met} $, $ tRNA^{Gln} $, $ tRNA^{Ile} $, $ tRNA^{Thr} $ and $ tRNA^{Ser} $. All substitutions of the A-loops with the PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $ resulted in a reduction of infectious virus obtained following transfection of proviral genomes in the 293T cells. Virus replication in SupT1 cells was also impaired as a result of the alteration of the A-loop. Viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ and $ tRNA^{Ser} $ reverted to utilize $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ following in vitro replication. In contrast, viruses with the A-loop complementary to the other tRNAs remained stable and continued to use $ tRNA^{His} $. RNA modeling of the stem-loop structure revealed that nucleotides were displayed on the loop region that could potentially interact with the anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $. To further explore the effects of the A-loop mutations on virus replication, the A-loops complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $ or $ tRNA^{His} $ were cloned into the wild type genome with the PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $. Transfection of proviral genomes which contained the wild type PBS and A-loops complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $ or $ tRNA^{His} $ into 293 T cells did not impact on the production of viruses as measured by p24 antigen ELISA. However, viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $ had greatly reduced infectivity and replicated poorly in SupT1 compared to the wild type or viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $. Conclusion These studies demonstrate that complementarity of A-loop region with the anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $ has a pronounced effect on the capacity of HIV-1 to utilize $ tRNA^{His} $ as the primer for reverse transcription. Complementarity between A-loop and anticodon of the tRNA then is important for the selection of the tRNA primer used for reverse transcription. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Infectious Virus |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Wild Type Virus |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Prime Selection |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a SupT1 Cell |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Proviral Genome |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Xu, Wenqin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Morrow, Casey D |4 aut | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |t Virology journal |d London : BioMed Central, 2004 |g 4(2007), 1 vom: 10. Jan. |w (DE-627)394165004 |w (DE-600)2160640-7 |x 1743-422X |7 nnns |
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| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-4-4 |z lizenzpflichtig |3 Volltext |
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10.1186/1743-422X-4-4 doi (DE-627)SPR029233429 (SPR)1743-422X-4-4-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Ni, Na verfasserin aut Importance of A-loop complementarity with $ tRNA^{His} $ anticodon for continued selection of $ tRNA^{His} $ as the HIV reverse transcription primer 2007 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Ni et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2007. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) preferentially selects $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ as the primer for reverse transcription. HIV-1 can be forced to select alternative tRNAs through mutation in the primer-binding site (PBS) and a region upstream of the PBS designated as the A-loop. Alteration of the PBS and A-loop to be complementary to the 3' terminal nucleotides and anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $ results in HIV-1 that can stably utilize this tRNA for replication. Results In the current study, we have investigated the effect that mutations within the A-loop have on the stability of HIV-1 with a PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $. For these studies, we have altered the A-loop to be complementary to $ tRNA^{Met} $, $ tRNA^{Gln} $, $ tRNA^{Ile} $, $ tRNA^{Thr} $ and $ tRNA^{Ser} $. All substitutions of the A-loops with the PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $ resulted in a reduction of infectious virus obtained following transfection of proviral genomes in the 293T cells. Virus replication in SupT1 cells was also impaired as a result of the alteration of the A-loop. Viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ and $ tRNA^{Ser} $ reverted to utilize $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ following in vitro replication. In contrast, viruses with the A-loop complementary to the other tRNAs remained stable and continued to use $ tRNA^{His} $. RNA modeling of the stem-loop structure revealed that nucleotides were displayed on the loop region that could potentially interact with the anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $. To further explore the effects of the A-loop mutations on virus replication, the A-loops complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $ or $ tRNA^{His} $ were cloned into the wild type genome with the PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $. Transfection of proviral genomes which contained the wild type PBS and A-loops complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $ or $ tRNA^{His} $ into 293 T cells did not impact on the production of viruses as measured by p24 antigen ELISA. However, viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $ had greatly reduced infectivity and replicated poorly in SupT1 compared to the wild type or viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $. Conclusion These studies demonstrate that complementarity of A-loop region with the anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $ has a pronounced effect on the capacity of HIV-1 to utilize $ tRNA^{His} $ as the primer for reverse transcription. Complementarity between A-loop and anticodon of the tRNA then is important for the selection of the tRNA primer used for reverse transcription. Infectious Virus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wild Type Virus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prime Selection (dpeaa)DE-He213 SupT1 Cell (dpeaa)DE-He213 Proviral Genome (dpeaa)DE-He213 Xu, Wenqin aut Morrow, Casey D aut Enthalten in Virology journal London : BioMed Central, 2004 4(2007), 1 vom: 10. Jan. (DE-627)394165004 (DE-600)2160640-7 1743-422X nnns volume:4 year:2007 number:1 day:10 month:01 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-4-4 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 4 2007 1 10 01 |
| spelling |
10.1186/1743-422X-4-4 doi (DE-627)SPR029233429 (SPR)1743-422X-4-4-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Ni, Na verfasserin aut Importance of A-loop complementarity with $ tRNA^{His} $ anticodon for continued selection of $ tRNA^{His} $ as the HIV reverse transcription primer 2007 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Ni et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2007. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) preferentially selects $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ as the primer for reverse transcription. HIV-1 can be forced to select alternative tRNAs through mutation in the primer-binding site (PBS) and a region upstream of the PBS designated as the A-loop. Alteration of the PBS and A-loop to be complementary to the 3' terminal nucleotides and anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $ results in HIV-1 that can stably utilize this tRNA for replication. Results In the current study, we have investigated the effect that mutations within the A-loop have on the stability of HIV-1 with a PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $. For these studies, we have altered the A-loop to be complementary to $ tRNA^{Met} $, $ tRNA^{Gln} $, $ tRNA^{Ile} $, $ tRNA^{Thr} $ and $ tRNA^{Ser} $. All substitutions of the A-loops with the PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $ resulted in a reduction of infectious virus obtained following transfection of proviral genomes in the 293T cells. Virus replication in SupT1 cells was also impaired as a result of the alteration of the A-loop. Viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ and $ tRNA^{Ser} $ reverted to utilize $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ following in vitro replication. In contrast, viruses with the A-loop complementary to the other tRNAs remained stable and continued to use $ tRNA^{His} $. RNA modeling of the stem-loop structure revealed that nucleotides were displayed on the loop region that could potentially interact with the anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $. To further explore the effects of the A-loop mutations on virus replication, the A-loops complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $ or $ tRNA^{His} $ were cloned into the wild type genome with the PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $. Transfection of proviral genomes which contained the wild type PBS and A-loops complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $ or $ tRNA^{His} $ into 293 T cells did not impact on the production of viruses as measured by p24 antigen ELISA. However, viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $ had greatly reduced infectivity and replicated poorly in SupT1 compared to the wild type or viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $. Conclusion These studies demonstrate that complementarity of A-loop region with the anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $ has a pronounced effect on the capacity of HIV-1 to utilize $ tRNA^{His} $ as the primer for reverse transcription. Complementarity between A-loop and anticodon of the tRNA then is important for the selection of the tRNA primer used for reverse transcription. Infectious Virus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wild Type Virus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prime Selection (dpeaa)DE-He213 SupT1 Cell (dpeaa)DE-He213 Proviral Genome (dpeaa)DE-He213 Xu, Wenqin aut Morrow, Casey D aut Enthalten in Virology journal London : BioMed Central, 2004 4(2007), 1 vom: 10. Jan. (DE-627)394165004 (DE-600)2160640-7 1743-422X nnns volume:4 year:2007 number:1 day:10 month:01 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-4-4 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 4 2007 1 10 01 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.1186/1743-422X-4-4 doi (DE-627)SPR029233429 (SPR)1743-422X-4-4-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Ni, Na verfasserin aut Importance of A-loop complementarity with $ tRNA^{His} $ anticodon for continued selection of $ tRNA^{His} $ as the HIV reverse transcription primer 2007 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Ni et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2007. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) preferentially selects $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ as the primer for reverse transcription. HIV-1 can be forced to select alternative tRNAs through mutation in the primer-binding site (PBS) and a region upstream of the PBS designated as the A-loop. Alteration of the PBS and A-loop to be complementary to the 3' terminal nucleotides and anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $ results in HIV-1 that can stably utilize this tRNA for replication. Results In the current study, we have investigated the effect that mutations within the A-loop have on the stability of HIV-1 with a PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $. For these studies, we have altered the A-loop to be complementary to $ tRNA^{Met} $, $ tRNA^{Gln} $, $ tRNA^{Ile} $, $ tRNA^{Thr} $ and $ tRNA^{Ser} $. All substitutions of the A-loops with the PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $ resulted in a reduction of infectious virus obtained following transfection of proviral genomes in the 293T cells. Virus replication in SupT1 cells was also impaired as a result of the alteration of the A-loop. Viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ and $ tRNA^{Ser} $ reverted to utilize $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ following in vitro replication. In contrast, viruses with the A-loop complementary to the other tRNAs remained stable and continued to use $ tRNA^{His} $. RNA modeling of the stem-loop structure revealed that nucleotides were displayed on the loop region that could potentially interact with the anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $. To further explore the effects of the A-loop mutations on virus replication, the A-loops complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $ or $ tRNA^{His} $ were cloned into the wild type genome with the PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $. Transfection of proviral genomes which contained the wild type PBS and A-loops complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $ or $ tRNA^{His} $ into 293 T cells did not impact on the production of viruses as measured by p24 antigen ELISA. However, viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $ had greatly reduced infectivity and replicated poorly in SupT1 compared to the wild type or viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $. Conclusion These studies demonstrate that complementarity of A-loop region with the anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $ has a pronounced effect on the capacity of HIV-1 to utilize $ tRNA^{His} $ as the primer for reverse transcription. Complementarity between A-loop and anticodon of the tRNA then is important for the selection of the tRNA primer used for reverse transcription. Infectious Virus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wild Type Virus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prime Selection (dpeaa)DE-He213 SupT1 Cell (dpeaa)DE-He213 Proviral Genome (dpeaa)DE-He213 Xu, Wenqin aut Morrow, Casey D aut Enthalten in Virology journal London : BioMed Central, 2004 4(2007), 1 vom: 10. Jan. (DE-627)394165004 (DE-600)2160640-7 1743-422X nnns volume:4 year:2007 number:1 day:10 month:01 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-4-4 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 4 2007 1 10 01 |
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10.1186/1743-422X-4-4 doi (DE-627)SPR029233429 (SPR)1743-422X-4-4-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Ni, Na verfasserin aut Importance of A-loop complementarity with $ tRNA^{His} $ anticodon for continued selection of $ tRNA^{His} $ as the HIV reverse transcription primer 2007 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Ni et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2007. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) preferentially selects $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ as the primer for reverse transcription. HIV-1 can be forced to select alternative tRNAs through mutation in the primer-binding site (PBS) and a region upstream of the PBS designated as the A-loop. Alteration of the PBS and A-loop to be complementary to the 3' terminal nucleotides and anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $ results in HIV-1 that can stably utilize this tRNA for replication. Results In the current study, we have investigated the effect that mutations within the A-loop have on the stability of HIV-1 with a PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $. For these studies, we have altered the A-loop to be complementary to $ tRNA^{Met} $, $ tRNA^{Gln} $, $ tRNA^{Ile} $, $ tRNA^{Thr} $ and $ tRNA^{Ser} $. All substitutions of the A-loops with the PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $ resulted in a reduction of infectious virus obtained following transfection of proviral genomes in the 293T cells. Virus replication in SupT1 cells was also impaired as a result of the alteration of the A-loop. Viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ and $ tRNA^{Ser} $ reverted to utilize $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ following in vitro replication. In contrast, viruses with the A-loop complementary to the other tRNAs remained stable and continued to use $ tRNA^{His} $. RNA modeling of the stem-loop structure revealed that nucleotides were displayed on the loop region that could potentially interact with the anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $. To further explore the effects of the A-loop mutations on virus replication, the A-loops complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $ or $ tRNA^{His} $ were cloned into the wild type genome with the PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $. Transfection of proviral genomes which contained the wild type PBS and A-loops complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $ or $ tRNA^{His} $ into 293 T cells did not impact on the production of viruses as measured by p24 antigen ELISA. However, viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $ had greatly reduced infectivity and replicated poorly in SupT1 compared to the wild type or viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $. Conclusion These studies demonstrate that complementarity of A-loop region with the anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $ has a pronounced effect on the capacity of HIV-1 to utilize $ tRNA^{His} $ as the primer for reverse transcription. Complementarity between A-loop and anticodon of the tRNA then is important for the selection of the tRNA primer used for reverse transcription. Infectious Virus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wild Type Virus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prime Selection (dpeaa)DE-He213 SupT1 Cell (dpeaa)DE-He213 Proviral Genome (dpeaa)DE-He213 Xu, Wenqin aut Morrow, Casey D aut Enthalten in Virology journal London : BioMed Central, 2004 4(2007), 1 vom: 10. Jan. (DE-627)394165004 (DE-600)2160640-7 1743-422X nnns volume:4 year:2007 number:1 day:10 month:01 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-4-4 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 4 2007 1 10 01 |
| allfieldsSound |
10.1186/1743-422X-4-4 doi (DE-627)SPR029233429 (SPR)1743-422X-4-4-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Ni, Na verfasserin aut Importance of A-loop complementarity with $ tRNA^{His} $ anticodon for continued selection of $ tRNA^{His} $ as the HIV reverse transcription primer 2007 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Ni et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2007. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) preferentially selects $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ as the primer for reverse transcription. HIV-1 can be forced to select alternative tRNAs through mutation in the primer-binding site (PBS) and a region upstream of the PBS designated as the A-loop. Alteration of the PBS and A-loop to be complementary to the 3' terminal nucleotides and anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $ results in HIV-1 that can stably utilize this tRNA for replication. Results In the current study, we have investigated the effect that mutations within the A-loop have on the stability of HIV-1 with a PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $. For these studies, we have altered the A-loop to be complementary to $ tRNA^{Met} $, $ tRNA^{Gln} $, $ tRNA^{Ile} $, $ tRNA^{Thr} $ and $ tRNA^{Ser} $. All substitutions of the A-loops with the PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $ resulted in a reduction of infectious virus obtained following transfection of proviral genomes in the 293T cells. Virus replication in SupT1 cells was also impaired as a result of the alteration of the A-loop. Viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ and $ tRNA^{Ser} $ reverted to utilize $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ following in vitro replication. In contrast, viruses with the A-loop complementary to the other tRNAs remained stable and continued to use $ tRNA^{His} $. RNA modeling of the stem-loop structure revealed that nucleotides were displayed on the loop region that could potentially interact with the anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $. To further explore the effects of the A-loop mutations on virus replication, the A-loops complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $ or $ tRNA^{His} $ were cloned into the wild type genome with the PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $. Transfection of proviral genomes which contained the wild type PBS and A-loops complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $ or $ tRNA^{His} $ into 293 T cells did not impact on the production of viruses as measured by p24 antigen ELISA. However, viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $ had greatly reduced infectivity and replicated poorly in SupT1 compared to the wild type or viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $. Conclusion These studies demonstrate that complementarity of A-loop region with the anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $ has a pronounced effect on the capacity of HIV-1 to utilize $ tRNA^{His} $ as the primer for reverse transcription. Complementarity between A-loop and anticodon of the tRNA then is important for the selection of the tRNA primer used for reverse transcription. Infectious Virus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wild Type Virus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prime Selection (dpeaa)DE-He213 SupT1 Cell (dpeaa)DE-He213 Proviral Genome (dpeaa)DE-He213 Xu, Wenqin aut Morrow, Casey D aut Enthalten in Virology journal London : BioMed Central, 2004 4(2007), 1 vom: 10. Jan. (DE-627)394165004 (DE-600)2160640-7 1743-422X nnns volume:4 year:2007 number:1 day:10 month:01 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-4-4 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 4 2007 1 10 01 |
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) preferentially selects $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ as the primer for reverse transcription. HIV-1 can be forced to select alternative tRNAs through mutation in the primer-binding site (PBS) and a region upstream of the PBS designated as the A-loop. Alteration of the PBS and A-loop to be complementary to the 3' terminal nucleotides and anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $ results in HIV-1 that can stably utilize this tRNA for replication. Results In the current study, we have investigated the effect that mutations within the A-loop have on the stability of HIV-1 with a PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $. For these studies, we have altered the A-loop to be complementary to $ tRNA^{Met} $, $ tRNA^{Gln} $, $ tRNA^{Ile} $, $ tRNA^{Thr} $ and $ tRNA^{Ser} $. All substitutions of the A-loops with the PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $ resulted in a reduction of infectious virus obtained following transfection of proviral genomes in the 293T cells. Virus replication in SupT1 cells was also impaired as a result of the alteration of the A-loop. Viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ and $ tRNA^{Ser} $ reverted to utilize $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ following in vitro replication. In contrast, viruses with the A-loop complementary to the other tRNAs remained stable and continued to use $ tRNA^{His} $. RNA modeling of the stem-loop structure revealed that nucleotides were displayed on the loop region that could potentially interact with the anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $. 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Ni, Na misc Infectious Virus misc Wild Type Virus misc Prime Selection misc SupT1 Cell misc Proviral Genome Importance of A-loop complementarity with $ tRNA^{His} $ anticodon for continued selection of $ tRNA^{His} $ as the HIV reverse transcription primer |
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Importance of A-loop complementarity with $ tRNA^{His} $ anticodon for continued selection of $ tRNA^{His} $ as the HIV reverse transcription primer Infectious Virus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wild Type Virus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prime Selection (dpeaa)DE-He213 SupT1 Cell (dpeaa)DE-He213 Proviral Genome (dpeaa)DE-He213 |
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Importance of A-loop complementarity with $ tRNA^{His} $ anticodon for continued selection of $ tRNA^{His} $ as the HIV reverse transcription primer |
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Importance of A-loop complementarity with $ tRNA^{His} $ anticodon for continued selection of $ tRNA^{His} $ as the HIV reverse transcription primer |
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importance of a-loop complementarity with $ trna^{his} $ anticodon for continued selection of $ trna^{his} $ as the hiv reverse transcription primer |
| title_auth |
Importance of A-loop complementarity with $ tRNA^{His} $ anticodon for continued selection of $ tRNA^{His} $ as the HIV reverse transcription primer |
| abstract |
Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) preferentially selects $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ as the primer for reverse transcription. HIV-1 can be forced to select alternative tRNAs through mutation in the primer-binding site (PBS) and a region upstream of the PBS designated as the A-loop. Alteration of the PBS and A-loop to be complementary to the 3' terminal nucleotides and anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $ results in HIV-1 that can stably utilize this tRNA for replication. Results In the current study, we have investigated the effect that mutations within the A-loop have on the stability of HIV-1 with a PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $. For these studies, we have altered the A-loop to be complementary to $ tRNA^{Met} $, $ tRNA^{Gln} $, $ tRNA^{Ile} $, $ tRNA^{Thr} $ and $ tRNA^{Ser} $. All substitutions of the A-loops with the PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $ resulted in a reduction of infectious virus obtained following transfection of proviral genomes in the 293T cells. Virus replication in SupT1 cells was also impaired as a result of the alteration of the A-loop. Viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ and $ tRNA^{Ser} $ reverted to utilize $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ following in vitro replication. In contrast, viruses with the A-loop complementary to the other tRNAs remained stable and continued to use $ tRNA^{His} $. RNA modeling of the stem-loop structure revealed that nucleotides were displayed on the loop region that could potentially interact with the anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $. To further explore the effects of the A-loop mutations on virus replication, the A-loops complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $ or $ tRNA^{His} $ were cloned into the wild type genome with the PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $. Transfection of proviral genomes which contained the wild type PBS and A-loops complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $ or $ tRNA^{His} $ into 293 T cells did not impact on the production of viruses as measured by p24 antigen ELISA. However, viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $ had greatly reduced infectivity and replicated poorly in SupT1 compared to the wild type or viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $. Conclusion These studies demonstrate that complementarity of A-loop region with the anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $ has a pronounced effect on the capacity of HIV-1 to utilize $ tRNA^{His} $ as the primer for reverse transcription. Complementarity between A-loop and anticodon of the tRNA then is important for the selection of the tRNA primer used for reverse transcription. © Ni et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2007. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( |
| abstractGer |
Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) preferentially selects $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ as the primer for reverse transcription. HIV-1 can be forced to select alternative tRNAs through mutation in the primer-binding site (PBS) and a region upstream of the PBS designated as the A-loop. Alteration of the PBS and A-loop to be complementary to the 3' terminal nucleotides and anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $ results in HIV-1 that can stably utilize this tRNA for replication. Results In the current study, we have investigated the effect that mutations within the A-loop have on the stability of HIV-1 with a PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $. For these studies, we have altered the A-loop to be complementary to $ tRNA^{Met} $, $ tRNA^{Gln} $, $ tRNA^{Ile} $, $ tRNA^{Thr} $ and $ tRNA^{Ser} $. All substitutions of the A-loops with the PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $ resulted in a reduction of infectious virus obtained following transfection of proviral genomes in the 293T cells. Virus replication in SupT1 cells was also impaired as a result of the alteration of the A-loop. Viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ and $ tRNA^{Ser} $ reverted to utilize $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ following in vitro replication. In contrast, viruses with the A-loop complementary to the other tRNAs remained stable and continued to use $ tRNA^{His} $. RNA modeling of the stem-loop structure revealed that nucleotides were displayed on the loop region that could potentially interact with the anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $. To further explore the effects of the A-loop mutations on virus replication, the A-loops complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $ or $ tRNA^{His} $ were cloned into the wild type genome with the PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $. Transfection of proviral genomes which contained the wild type PBS and A-loops complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $ or $ tRNA^{His} $ into 293 T cells did not impact on the production of viruses as measured by p24 antigen ELISA. However, viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $ had greatly reduced infectivity and replicated poorly in SupT1 compared to the wild type or viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $. Conclusion These studies demonstrate that complementarity of A-loop region with the anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $ has a pronounced effect on the capacity of HIV-1 to utilize $ tRNA^{His} $ as the primer for reverse transcription. Complementarity between A-loop and anticodon of the tRNA then is important for the selection of the tRNA primer used for reverse transcription. © Ni et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2007. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) preferentially selects $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ as the primer for reverse transcription. HIV-1 can be forced to select alternative tRNAs through mutation in the primer-binding site (PBS) and a region upstream of the PBS designated as the A-loop. Alteration of the PBS and A-loop to be complementary to the 3' terminal nucleotides and anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $ results in HIV-1 that can stably utilize this tRNA for replication. Results In the current study, we have investigated the effect that mutations within the A-loop have on the stability of HIV-1 with a PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $. For these studies, we have altered the A-loop to be complementary to $ tRNA^{Met} $, $ tRNA^{Gln} $, $ tRNA^{Ile} $, $ tRNA^{Thr} $ and $ tRNA^{Ser} $. All substitutions of the A-loops with the PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $ resulted in a reduction of infectious virus obtained following transfection of proviral genomes in the 293T cells. Virus replication in SupT1 cells was also impaired as a result of the alteration of the A-loop. Viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ and $ tRNA^{Ser} $ reverted to utilize $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $ following in vitro replication. In contrast, viruses with the A-loop complementary to the other tRNAs remained stable and continued to use $ tRNA^{His} $. RNA modeling of the stem-loop structure revealed that nucleotides were displayed on the loop region that could potentially interact with the anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $. To further explore the effects of the A-loop mutations on virus replication, the A-loops complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $ or $ tRNA^{His} $ were cloned into the wild type genome with the PBS complementary to $ tRNA^{Lys,3} $. Transfection of proviral genomes which contained the wild type PBS and A-loops complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $ or $ tRNA^{His} $ into 293 T cells did not impact on the production of viruses as measured by p24 antigen ELISA. However, viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{His} $ had greatly reduced infectivity and replicated poorly in SupT1 compared to the wild type or viruses with the A-loop complementary to $ tRNA^{Ser} $. Conclusion These studies demonstrate that complementarity of A-loop region with the anticodon of $ tRNA^{His} $ has a pronounced effect on the capacity of HIV-1 to utilize $ tRNA^{His} $ as the primer for reverse transcription. Complementarity between A-loop and anticodon of the tRNA then is important for the selection of the tRNA primer used for reverse transcription. © Ni et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2007. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( |
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7.39892 |