Assessing particle and fiber toxicology in the respiratory system: the stereology toolbox

Abstract The inhalation of airborne particles can lead to pathological changes in the respiratory tract. For this reason, toxicology studies on effects of inhalable particles and fibers often include an assessment of histopathological alterations in the upper respiratory tract, the trachea and/or th...
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Autor*in:	Brandenberger, Christina [verfasserIn] Ochs, Matthias Mühlfeld, Christian

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2015

Schlagwörter:	Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Airway Remodel Reference Space Allergic Airway Disease Particle Exposure

Anmerkung:	© Brandenberger et al. 2015

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Particle and fibre toxicology - London : BioMed Central, 2004, 12(2015), 1 vom: 31. Okt.
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:12 ; year:2015 ; number:1 ; day:31 ; month:10

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1186/s12989-015-0110-8

Katalog-ID:	SPR029299527

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spelling	10.1186/s12989-015-0110-8 doi (DE-627)SPR029299527 (SPR)s12989-015-0110-8-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Brandenberger, Christina verfasserin aut Assessing particle and fiber toxicology in the respiratory system: the stereology toolbox 2015 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Brandenberger et al. 2015 Abstract The inhalation of airborne particles can lead to pathological changes in the respiratory tract. For this reason, toxicology studies on effects of inhalable particles and fibers often include an assessment of histopathological alterations in the upper respiratory tract, the trachea and/or the lungs. Conventional pathological evaluations are usually performed by scoring histological lesions in order to obtain “quantitative” information and an estimation of the severity of the lesion. This approach not only comprises a potential subjective bias, depending on the examiner’s judgment, but also conveys the risk that mild alterations escape the investigator’s eye. The most accurate way of obtaining unbiased quantitative information about three-dimensional (3D) features of tissues, cells, or organelles from two-dimensional physical or optical sections is by means of stereology, the gold standard of image-based morphometry. Nevertheless, it can be challenging to express histopathological changes by morphometric parameters such as volume, surface, length or number only. In this review we therefore provide an overview on different histopathological lesions in the respiratory tract associated with particle and fiber toxicology and on how to apply stereological methods in order to correctly quantify and interpret histological lesions in the respiratory tract. The article further aims at pointing out common pitfalls in quantitative histopathology and at providing some suggestions on how respiratory toxicology can be improved by stereology. Thus, we hope that this article will stimulate scientists in particle and fiber toxicology research to implement stereological techniques in their studies, thereby promoting an unbiased 3D assessment of pathological lesions associated with particle exposure. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (dpeaa)DE-He213 Airway Remodel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Reference Space (dpeaa)DE-He213 Allergic Airway Disease (dpeaa)DE-He213 Particle Exposure (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ochs, Matthias aut Mühlfeld, Christian aut Enthalten in Particle and fibre toxicology London : BioMed Central, 2004 12(2015), 1 vom: 31. Okt. (DE-627)474928276 (DE-600)2170936-1 1743-8977 nnns volume:12 year:2015 number:1 day:31 month:10 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12989-015-0110-8 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2015 1 31 10
allfields_unstemmed	10.1186/s12989-015-0110-8 doi (DE-627)SPR029299527 (SPR)s12989-015-0110-8-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Brandenberger, Christina verfasserin aut Assessing particle and fiber toxicology in the respiratory system: the stereology toolbox 2015 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Brandenberger et al. 2015 Abstract The inhalation of airborne particles can lead to pathological changes in the respiratory tract. For this reason, toxicology studies on effects of inhalable particles and fibers often include an assessment of histopathological alterations in the upper respiratory tract, the trachea and/or the lungs. Conventional pathological evaluations are usually performed by scoring histological lesions in order to obtain “quantitative” information and an estimation of the severity of the lesion. This approach not only comprises a potential subjective bias, depending on the examiner’s judgment, but also conveys the risk that mild alterations escape the investigator’s eye. The most accurate way of obtaining unbiased quantitative information about three-dimensional (3D) features of tissues, cells, or organelles from two-dimensional physical or optical sections is by means of stereology, the gold standard of image-based morphometry. Nevertheless, it can be challenging to express histopathological changes by morphometric parameters such as volume, surface, length or number only. In this review we therefore provide an overview on different histopathological lesions in the respiratory tract associated with particle and fiber toxicology and on how to apply stereological methods in order to correctly quantify and interpret histological lesions in the respiratory tract. The article further aims at pointing out common pitfalls in quantitative histopathology and at providing some suggestions on how respiratory toxicology can be improved by stereology. Thus, we hope that this article will stimulate scientists in particle and fiber toxicology research to implement stereological techniques in their studies, thereby promoting an unbiased 3D assessment of pathological lesions associated with particle exposure. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (dpeaa)DE-He213 Airway Remodel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Reference Space (dpeaa)DE-He213 Allergic Airway Disease (dpeaa)DE-He213 Particle Exposure (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ochs, Matthias aut Mühlfeld, Christian aut Enthalten in Particle and fibre toxicology London : BioMed Central, 2004 12(2015), 1 vom: 31. Okt. (DE-627)474928276 (DE-600)2170936-1 1743-8977 nnns volume:12 year:2015 number:1 day:31 month:10 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12989-015-0110-8 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2015 1 31 10
allfieldsGer	10.1186/s12989-015-0110-8 doi (DE-627)SPR029299527 (SPR)s12989-015-0110-8-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Brandenberger, Christina verfasserin aut Assessing particle and fiber toxicology in the respiratory system: the stereology toolbox 2015 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Brandenberger et al. 2015 Abstract The inhalation of airborne particles can lead to pathological changes in the respiratory tract. For this reason, toxicology studies on effects of inhalable particles and fibers often include an assessment of histopathological alterations in the upper respiratory tract, the trachea and/or the lungs. Conventional pathological evaluations are usually performed by scoring histological lesions in order to obtain “quantitative” information and an estimation of the severity of the lesion. This approach not only comprises a potential subjective bias, depending on the examiner’s judgment, but also conveys the risk that mild alterations escape the investigator’s eye. The most accurate way of obtaining unbiased quantitative information about three-dimensional (3D) features of tissues, cells, or organelles from two-dimensional physical or optical sections is by means of stereology, the gold standard of image-based morphometry. Nevertheless, it can be challenging to express histopathological changes by morphometric parameters such as volume, surface, length or number only. In this review we therefore provide an overview on different histopathological lesions in the respiratory tract associated with particle and fiber toxicology and on how to apply stereological methods in order to correctly quantify and interpret histological lesions in the respiratory tract. The article further aims at pointing out common pitfalls in quantitative histopathology and at providing some suggestions on how respiratory toxicology can be improved by stereology. Thus, we hope that this article will stimulate scientists in particle and fiber toxicology research to implement stereological techniques in their studies, thereby promoting an unbiased 3D assessment of pathological lesions associated with particle exposure. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (dpeaa)DE-He213 Airway Remodel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Reference Space (dpeaa)DE-He213 Allergic Airway Disease (dpeaa)DE-He213 Particle Exposure (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ochs, Matthias aut Mühlfeld, Christian aut Enthalten in Particle and fibre toxicology London : BioMed Central, 2004 12(2015), 1 vom: 31. Okt. (DE-627)474928276 (DE-600)2170936-1 1743-8977 nnns volume:12 year:2015 number:1 day:31 month:10 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12989-015-0110-8 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2015 1 31 10
allfieldsSound	10.1186/s12989-015-0110-8 doi (DE-627)SPR029299527 (SPR)s12989-015-0110-8-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Brandenberger, Christina verfasserin aut Assessing particle and fiber toxicology in the respiratory system: the stereology toolbox 2015 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Brandenberger et al. 2015 Abstract The inhalation of airborne particles can lead to pathological changes in the respiratory tract. For this reason, toxicology studies on effects of inhalable particles and fibers often include an assessment of histopathological alterations in the upper respiratory tract, the trachea and/or the lungs. Conventional pathological evaluations are usually performed by scoring histological lesions in order to obtain “quantitative” information and an estimation of the severity of the lesion. This approach not only comprises a potential subjective bias, depending on the examiner’s judgment, but also conveys the risk that mild alterations escape the investigator’s eye. The most accurate way of obtaining unbiased quantitative information about three-dimensional (3D) features of tissues, cells, or organelles from two-dimensional physical or optical sections is by means of stereology, the gold standard of image-based morphometry. Nevertheless, it can be challenging to express histopathological changes by morphometric parameters such as volume, surface, length or number only. In this review we therefore provide an overview on different histopathological lesions in the respiratory tract associated with particle and fiber toxicology and on how to apply stereological methods in order to correctly quantify and interpret histological lesions in the respiratory tract. The article further aims at pointing out common pitfalls in quantitative histopathology and at providing some suggestions on how respiratory toxicology can be improved by stereology. Thus, we hope that this article will stimulate scientists in particle and fiber toxicology research to implement stereological techniques in their studies, thereby promoting an unbiased 3D assessment of pathological lesions associated with particle exposure. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (dpeaa)DE-He213 Airway Remodel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Reference Space (dpeaa)DE-He213 Allergic Airway Disease (dpeaa)DE-He213 Particle Exposure (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ochs, Matthias aut Mühlfeld, Christian aut Enthalten in Particle and fibre toxicology London : BioMed Central, 2004 12(2015), 1 vom: 31. Okt. (DE-627)474928276 (DE-600)2170936-1 1743-8977 nnns volume:12 year:2015 number:1 day:31 month:10 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12989-015-0110-8 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 12 2015 1 31 10
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author	Brandenberger, Christina
spellingShingle	Brandenberger, Christina misc Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease misc Airway Remodel misc Reference Space misc Allergic Airway Disease misc Particle Exposure Assessing particle and fiber toxicology in the respiratory system: the stereology toolbox
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topic_title	Assessing particle and fiber toxicology in the respiratory system: the stereology toolbox Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (dpeaa)DE-He213 Airway Remodel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Reference Space (dpeaa)DE-He213 Allergic Airway Disease (dpeaa)DE-He213 Particle Exposure (dpeaa)DE-He213
topic	misc Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease misc Airway Remodel misc Reference Space misc Allergic Airway Disease misc Particle Exposure
topic_unstemmed	misc Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease misc Airway Remodel misc Reference Space misc Allergic Airway Disease misc Particle Exposure
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title	Assessing particle and fiber toxicology in the respiratory system: the stereology toolbox
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title_full	Assessing particle and fiber toxicology in the respiratory system: the stereology toolbox
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title_sort	assessing particle and fiber toxicology in the respiratory system: the stereology toolbox
title_auth	Assessing particle and fiber toxicology in the respiratory system: the stereology toolbox
abstract	Abstract The inhalation of airborne particles can lead to pathological changes in the respiratory tract. For this reason, toxicology studies on effects of inhalable particles and fibers often include an assessment of histopathological alterations in the upper respiratory tract, the trachea and/or the lungs. Conventional pathological evaluations are usually performed by scoring histological lesions in order to obtain “quantitative” information and an estimation of the severity of the lesion. This approach not only comprises a potential subjective bias, depending on the examiner’s judgment, but also conveys the risk that mild alterations escape the investigator’s eye. The most accurate way of obtaining unbiased quantitative information about three-dimensional (3D) features of tissues, cells, or organelles from two-dimensional physical or optical sections is by means of stereology, the gold standard of image-based morphometry. Nevertheless, it can be challenging to express histopathological changes by morphometric parameters such as volume, surface, length or number only. In this review we therefore provide an overview on different histopathological lesions in the respiratory tract associated with particle and fiber toxicology and on how to apply stereological methods in order to correctly quantify and interpret histological lesions in the respiratory tract. The article further aims at pointing out common pitfalls in quantitative histopathology and at providing some suggestions on how respiratory toxicology can be improved by stereology. Thus, we hope that this article will stimulate scientists in particle and fiber toxicology research to implement stereological techniques in their studies, thereby promoting an unbiased 3D assessment of pathological lesions associated with particle exposure. © Brandenberger et al. 2015
abstractGer	Abstract The inhalation of airborne particles can lead to pathological changes in the respiratory tract. For this reason, toxicology studies on effects of inhalable particles and fibers often include an assessment of histopathological alterations in the upper respiratory tract, the trachea and/or the lungs. Conventional pathological evaluations are usually performed by scoring histological lesions in order to obtain “quantitative” information and an estimation of the severity of the lesion. This approach not only comprises a potential subjective bias, depending on the examiner’s judgment, but also conveys the risk that mild alterations escape the investigator’s eye. The most accurate way of obtaining unbiased quantitative information about three-dimensional (3D) features of tissues, cells, or organelles from two-dimensional physical or optical sections is by means of stereology, the gold standard of image-based morphometry. Nevertheless, it can be challenging to express histopathological changes by morphometric parameters such as volume, surface, length or number only. In this review we therefore provide an overview on different histopathological lesions in the respiratory tract associated with particle and fiber toxicology and on how to apply stereological methods in order to correctly quantify and interpret histological lesions in the respiratory tract. The article further aims at pointing out common pitfalls in quantitative histopathology and at providing some suggestions on how respiratory toxicology can be improved by stereology. Thus, we hope that this article will stimulate scientists in particle and fiber toxicology research to implement stereological techniques in their studies, thereby promoting an unbiased 3D assessment of pathological lesions associated with particle exposure. © Brandenberger et al. 2015
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract The inhalation of airborne particles can lead to pathological changes in the respiratory tract. For this reason, toxicology studies on effects of inhalable particles and fibers often include an assessment of histopathological alterations in the upper respiratory tract, the trachea and/or the lungs. Conventional pathological evaluations are usually performed by scoring histological lesions in order to obtain “quantitative” information and an estimation of the severity of the lesion. This approach not only comprises a potential subjective bias, depending on the examiner’s judgment, but also conveys the risk that mild alterations escape the investigator’s eye. The most accurate way of obtaining unbiased quantitative information about three-dimensional (3D) features of tissues, cells, or organelles from two-dimensional physical or optical sections is by means of stereology, the gold standard of image-based morphometry. Nevertheless, it can be challenging to express histopathological changes by morphometric parameters such as volume, surface, length or number only. In this review we therefore provide an overview on different histopathological lesions in the respiratory tract associated with particle and fiber toxicology and on how to apply stereological methods in order to correctly quantify and interpret histological lesions in the respiratory tract. The article further aims at pointing out common pitfalls in quantitative histopathology and at providing some suggestions on how respiratory toxicology can be improved by stereology. Thus, we hope that this article will stimulate scientists in particle and fiber toxicology research to implement stereological techniques in their studies, thereby promoting an unbiased 3D assessment of pathological lesions associated with particle exposure. © Brandenberger et al. 2015
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title_short	Assessing particle and fiber toxicology in the respiratory system: the stereology toolbox
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Assessing particle and fiber toxicology in the respiratory system: the stereology toolbox

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