Identifying cross-cultural variations in psychostimulant use for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder using linked data

Background To validate the association between country-of-birth and disparities in the stimulant use for ADHD among individuals in Western Australia. Methods Using linked data, a population-based retrospective cohort of individuals admitted to hospital before age 25 years was followed through to ide...
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Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Ghosh, Manonita [verfasserIn] Holman, C. D’Arcy J. Preen, David B.

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2017

Schlagwörter:	ADHD Cross-culture Data linkage Stimulant Cohort study Country-of-birth

Anmerkung:	© The Author(s) 2017

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health - London : Biomed Central, 2007, 11(2017), 1 vom: 20. März
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:11 ; year:2017 ; number:1 ; day:20 ; month:03

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1186/s13034-017-0152-9

Katalog-ID:	SPR029563925

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520			\|a Background To validate the association between country-of-birth and disparities in the stimulant use for ADHD among individuals in Western Australia. Methods Using linked data, a population-based retrospective cohort of individuals admitted to hospital before age 25 years was followed through to identify having stimulants for ADHD in 2003–2007. Multivariate logistic and linear regressions were used to characterise associations between stimulants and country-of-birth, geographical remoteness and socioeconomic status. Results Of 679,645 individuals, 14,122 (2.1%) had a record of having stimulants for ADHD. Of these, 205 (1.5%) were born in Africa, Asia, Middle-East or South America, while 13,664 (96.8%) were born in Australia/New Zealand, Europe or North America. Individuals with traditionally non-Anglophonic backgrounds were around one-half as likely to have stimulants as individuals with Anglophonic backgrounds (OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.46–0.61, p < 0.001). Non-Anglophones were an average of 2.7 years older than Anglophones at onset of having stimulants. Individuals from remote and disadvantaged backgrounds had stimulants at younger ages than individuals living in metropolitan areas and with least disadvantage. Conclusions The results highlight the importance of identifying factors underlying cultural differences in stimulant treatment for ADHD. Improving awareness of cultural variations may foster trust and rapport between patients and clinicians, and so better facilitate the appropriate and effective treatment of ADHD for each patient.
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allfields	10.1186/s13034-017-0152-9 doi (DE-627)SPR029563925 (SPR)s13034-017-0152-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Ghosh, Manonita verfasserin aut Identifying cross-cultural variations in psychostimulant use for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder using linked data 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2017 Background To validate the association between country-of-birth and disparities in the stimulant use for ADHD among individuals in Western Australia. Methods Using linked data, a population-based retrospective cohort of individuals admitted to hospital before age 25 years was followed through to identify having stimulants for ADHD in 2003–2007. Multivariate logistic and linear regressions were used to characterise associations between stimulants and country-of-birth, geographical remoteness and socioeconomic status. Results Of 679,645 individuals, 14,122 (2.1%) had a record of having stimulants for ADHD. Of these, 205 (1.5%) were born in Africa, Asia, Middle-East or South America, while 13,664 (96.8%) were born in Australia/New Zealand, Europe or North America. Individuals with traditionally non-Anglophonic backgrounds were around one-half as likely to have stimulants as individuals with Anglophonic backgrounds (OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.46–0.61, p < 0.001). Non-Anglophones were an average of 2.7 years older than Anglophones at onset of having stimulants. Individuals from remote and disadvantaged backgrounds had stimulants at younger ages than individuals living in metropolitan areas and with least disadvantage. Conclusions The results highlight the importance of identifying factors underlying cultural differences in stimulant treatment for ADHD. Improving awareness of cultural variations may foster trust and rapport between patients and clinicians, and so better facilitate the appropriate and effective treatment of ADHD for each patient. ADHD (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cross-culture (dpeaa)DE-He213 Data linkage (dpeaa)DE-He213 Stimulant (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cohort study (dpeaa)DE-He213 Country-of-birth (dpeaa)DE-He213 Holman, C. D’Arcy J. aut Preen, David B. aut Enthalten in Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health London : Biomed Central, 2007 11(2017), 1 vom: 20. März (DE-627)538632550 (DE-600)2379599-2 1753-2000 nnns volume:11 year:2017 number:1 day:20 month:03 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13034-017-0152-9 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2017 1 20 03
spelling	10.1186/s13034-017-0152-9 doi (DE-627)SPR029563925 (SPR)s13034-017-0152-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Ghosh, Manonita verfasserin aut Identifying cross-cultural variations in psychostimulant use for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder using linked data 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2017 Background To validate the association between country-of-birth and disparities in the stimulant use for ADHD among individuals in Western Australia. Methods Using linked data, a population-based retrospective cohort of individuals admitted to hospital before age 25 years was followed through to identify having stimulants for ADHD in 2003–2007. Multivariate logistic and linear regressions were used to characterise associations between stimulants and country-of-birth, geographical remoteness and socioeconomic status. Results Of 679,645 individuals, 14,122 (2.1%) had a record of having stimulants for ADHD. Of these, 205 (1.5%) were born in Africa, Asia, Middle-East or South America, while 13,664 (96.8%) were born in Australia/New Zealand, Europe or North America. Individuals with traditionally non-Anglophonic backgrounds were around one-half as likely to have stimulants as individuals with Anglophonic backgrounds (OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.46–0.61, p < 0.001). Non-Anglophones were an average of 2.7 years older than Anglophones at onset of having stimulants. Individuals from remote and disadvantaged backgrounds had stimulants at younger ages than individuals living in metropolitan areas and with least disadvantage. Conclusions The results highlight the importance of identifying factors underlying cultural differences in stimulant treatment for ADHD. Improving awareness of cultural variations may foster trust and rapport between patients and clinicians, and so better facilitate the appropriate and effective treatment of ADHD for each patient. ADHD (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cross-culture (dpeaa)DE-He213 Data linkage (dpeaa)DE-He213 Stimulant (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cohort study (dpeaa)DE-He213 Country-of-birth (dpeaa)DE-He213 Holman, C. D’Arcy J. aut Preen, David B. aut Enthalten in Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health London : Biomed Central, 2007 11(2017), 1 vom: 20. März (DE-627)538632550 (DE-600)2379599-2 1753-2000 nnns volume:11 year:2017 number:1 day:20 month:03 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13034-017-0152-9 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2017 1 20 03
allfields_unstemmed	10.1186/s13034-017-0152-9 doi (DE-627)SPR029563925 (SPR)s13034-017-0152-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Ghosh, Manonita verfasserin aut Identifying cross-cultural variations in psychostimulant use for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder using linked data 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2017 Background To validate the association between country-of-birth and disparities in the stimulant use for ADHD among individuals in Western Australia. Methods Using linked data, a population-based retrospective cohort of individuals admitted to hospital before age 25 years was followed through to identify having stimulants for ADHD in 2003–2007. Multivariate logistic and linear regressions were used to characterise associations between stimulants and country-of-birth, geographical remoteness and socioeconomic status. Results Of 679,645 individuals, 14,122 (2.1%) had a record of having stimulants for ADHD. Of these, 205 (1.5%) were born in Africa, Asia, Middle-East or South America, while 13,664 (96.8%) were born in Australia/New Zealand, Europe or North America. Individuals with traditionally non-Anglophonic backgrounds were around one-half as likely to have stimulants as individuals with Anglophonic backgrounds (OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.46–0.61, p < 0.001). Non-Anglophones were an average of 2.7 years older than Anglophones at onset of having stimulants. Individuals from remote and disadvantaged backgrounds had stimulants at younger ages than individuals living in metropolitan areas and with least disadvantage. Conclusions The results highlight the importance of identifying factors underlying cultural differences in stimulant treatment for ADHD. Improving awareness of cultural variations may foster trust and rapport between patients and clinicians, and so better facilitate the appropriate and effective treatment of ADHD for each patient. ADHD (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cross-culture (dpeaa)DE-He213 Data linkage (dpeaa)DE-He213 Stimulant (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cohort study (dpeaa)DE-He213 Country-of-birth (dpeaa)DE-He213 Holman, C. D’Arcy J. aut Preen, David B. aut Enthalten in Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health London : Biomed Central, 2007 11(2017), 1 vom: 20. März (DE-627)538632550 (DE-600)2379599-2 1753-2000 nnns volume:11 year:2017 number:1 day:20 month:03 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13034-017-0152-9 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2017 1 20 03
allfieldsGer	10.1186/s13034-017-0152-9 doi (DE-627)SPR029563925 (SPR)s13034-017-0152-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Ghosh, Manonita verfasserin aut Identifying cross-cultural variations in psychostimulant use for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder using linked data 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2017 Background To validate the association between country-of-birth and disparities in the stimulant use for ADHD among individuals in Western Australia. Methods Using linked data, a population-based retrospective cohort of individuals admitted to hospital before age 25 years was followed through to identify having stimulants for ADHD in 2003–2007. Multivariate logistic and linear regressions were used to characterise associations between stimulants and country-of-birth, geographical remoteness and socioeconomic status. Results Of 679,645 individuals, 14,122 (2.1%) had a record of having stimulants for ADHD. Of these, 205 (1.5%) were born in Africa, Asia, Middle-East or South America, while 13,664 (96.8%) were born in Australia/New Zealand, Europe or North America. Individuals with traditionally non-Anglophonic backgrounds were around one-half as likely to have stimulants as individuals with Anglophonic backgrounds (OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.46–0.61, p < 0.001). Non-Anglophones were an average of 2.7 years older than Anglophones at onset of having stimulants. Individuals from remote and disadvantaged backgrounds had stimulants at younger ages than individuals living in metropolitan areas and with least disadvantage. Conclusions The results highlight the importance of identifying factors underlying cultural differences in stimulant treatment for ADHD. Improving awareness of cultural variations may foster trust and rapport between patients and clinicians, and so better facilitate the appropriate and effective treatment of ADHD for each patient. ADHD (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cross-culture (dpeaa)DE-He213 Data linkage (dpeaa)DE-He213 Stimulant (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cohort study (dpeaa)DE-He213 Country-of-birth (dpeaa)DE-He213 Holman, C. D’Arcy J. aut Preen, David B. aut Enthalten in Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health London : Biomed Central, 2007 11(2017), 1 vom: 20. März (DE-627)538632550 (DE-600)2379599-2 1753-2000 nnns volume:11 year:2017 number:1 day:20 month:03 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13034-017-0152-9 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2017 1 20 03
allfieldsSound	10.1186/s13034-017-0152-9 doi (DE-627)SPR029563925 (SPR)s13034-017-0152-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Ghosh, Manonita verfasserin aut Identifying cross-cultural variations in psychostimulant use for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder using linked data 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2017 Background To validate the association between country-of-birth and disparities in the stimulant use for ADHD among individuals in Western Australia. Methods Using linked data, a population-based retrospective cohort of individuals admitted to hospital before age 25 years was followed through to identify having stimulants for ADHD in 2003–2007. Multivariate logistic and linear regressions were used to characterise associations between stimulants and country-of-birth, geographical remoteness and socioeconomic status. Results Of 679,645 individuals, 14,122 (2.1%) had a record of having stimulants for ADHD. Of these, 205 (1.5%) were born in Africa, Asia, Middle-East or South America, while 13,664 (96.8%) were born in Australia/New Zealand, Europe or North America. Individuals with traditionally non-Anglophonic backgrounds were around one-half as likely to have stimulants as individuals with Anglophonic backgrounds (OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.46–0.61, p < 0.001). Non-Anglophones were an average of 2.7 years older than Anglophones at onset of having stimulants. Individuals from remote and disadvantaged backgrounds had stimulants at younger ages than individuals living in metropolitan areas and with least disadvantage. Conclusions The results highlight the importance of identifying factors underlying cultural differences in stimulant treatment for ADHD. Improving awareness of cultural variations may foster trust and rapport between patients and clinicians, and so better facilitate the appropriate and effective treatment of ADHD for each patient. ADHD (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cross-culture (dpeaa)DE-He213 Data linkage (dpeaa)DE-He213 Stimulant (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cohort study (dpeaa)DE-He213 Country-of-birth (dpeaa)DE-He213 Holman, C. D’Arcy J. aut Preen, David B. aut Enthalten in Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health London : Biomed Central, 2007 11(2017), 1 vom: 20. März (DE-627)538632550 (DE-600)2379599-2 1753-2000 nnns volume:11 year:2017 number:1 day:20 month:03 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13034-017-0152-9 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 11 2017 1 20 03
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author	Ghosh, Manonita
spellingShingle	Ghosh, Manonita misc ADHD misc Cross-culture misc Data linkage misc Stimulant misc Cohort study misc Country-of-birth Identifying cross-cultural variations in psychostimulant use for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder using linked data
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topic_title	Identifying cross-cultural variations in psychostimulant use for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder using linked data ADHD (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cross-culture (dpeaa)DE-He213 Data linkage (dpeaa)DE-He213 Stimulant (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cohort study (dpeaa)DE-He213 Country-of-birth (dpeaa)DE-He213
topic	misc ADHD misc Cross-culture misc Data linkage misc Stimulant misc Cohort study misc Country-of-birth
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title	Identifying cross-cultural variations in psychostimulant use for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder using linked data
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title_full	Identifying cross-cultural variations in psychostimulant use for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder using linked data
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title_sort	identifying cross-cultural variations in psychostimulant use for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder using linked data
title_auth	Identifying cross-cultural variations in psychostimulant use for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder using linked data
abstract	Background To validate the association between country-of-birth and disparities in the stimulant use for ADHD among individuals in Western Australia. Methods Using linked data, a population-based retrospective cohort of individuals admitted to hospital before age 25 years was followed through to identify having stimulants for ADHD in 2003–2007. Multivariate logistic and linear regressions were used to characterise associations between stimulants and country-of-birth, geographical remoteness and socioeconomic status. Results Of 679,645 individuals, 14,122 (2.1%) had a record of having stimulants for ADHD. Of these, 205 (1.5%) were born in Africa, Asia, Middle-East or South America, while 13,664 (96.8%) were born in Australia/New Zealand, Europe or North America. Individuals with traditionally non-Anglophonic backgrounds were around one-half as likely to have stimulants as individuals with Anglophonic backgrounds (OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.46–0.61, p < 0.001). Non-Anglophones were an average of 2.7 years older than Anglophones at onset of having stimulants. Individuals from remote and disadvantaged backgrounds had stimulants at younger ages than individuals living in metropolitan areas and with least disadvantage. Conclusions The results highlight the importance of identifying factors underlying cultural differences in stimulant treatment for ADHD. Improving awareness of cultural variations may foster trust and rapport between patients and clinicians, and so better facilitate the appropriate and effective treatment of ADHD for each patient. © The Author(s) 2017
abstractGer	Background To validate the association between country-of-birth and disparities in the stimulant use for ADHD among individuals in Western Australia. Methods Using linked data, a population-based retrospective cohort of individuals admitted to hospital before age 25 years was followed through to identify having stimulants for ADHD in 2003–2007. Multivariate logistic and linear regressions were used to characterise associations between stimulants and country-of-birth, geographical remoteness and socioeconomic status. Results Of 679,645 individuals, 14,122 (2.1%) had a record of having stimulants for ADHD. Of these, 205 (1.5%) were born in Africa, Asia, Middle-East or South America, while 13,664 (96.8%) were born in Australia/New Zealand, Europe or North America. Individuals with traditionally non-Anglophonic backgrounds were around one-half as likely to have stimulants as individuals with Anglophonic backgrounds (OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.46–0.61, p < 0.001). Non-Anglophones were an average of 2.7 years older than Anglophones at onset of having stimulants. Individuals from remote and disadvantaged backgrounds had stimulants at younger ages than individuals living in metropolitan areas and with least disadvantage. Conclusions The results highlight the importance of identifying factors underlying cultural differences in stimulant treatment for ADHD. Improving awareness of cultural variations may foster trust and rapport between patients and clinicians, and so better facilitate the appropriate and effective treatment of ADHD for each patient. © The Author(s) 2017
abstract_unstemmed	Background To validate the association between country-of-birth and disparities in the stimulant use for ADHD among individuals in Western Australia. Methods Using linked data, a population-based retrospective cohort of individuals admitted to hospital before age 25 years was followed through to identify having stimulants for ADHD in 2003–2007. Multivariate logistic and linear regressions were used to characterise associations between stimulants and country-of-birth, geographical remoteness and socioeconomic status. Results Of 679,645 individuals, 14,122 (2.1%) had a record of having stimulants for ADHD. Of these, 205 (1.5%) were born in Africa, Asia, Middle-East or South America, while 13,664 (96.8%) were born in Australia/New Zealand, Europe or North America. Individuals with traditionally non-Anglophonic backgrounds were around one-half as likely to have stimulants as individuals with Anglophonic backgrounds (OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.46–0.61, p < 0.001). Non-Anglophones were an average of 2.7 years older than Anglophones at onset of having stimulants. Individuals from remote and disadvantaged backgrounds had stimulants at younger ages than individuals living in metropolitan areas and with least disadvantage. Conclusions The results highlight the importance of identifying factors underlying cultural differences in stimulant treatment for ADHD. Improving awareness of cultural variations may foster trust and rapport between patients and clinicians, and so better facilitate the appropriate and effective treatment of ADHD for each patient. © The Author(s) 2017
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title_short	Identifying cross-cultural variations in psychostimulant use for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder using linked data
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Identifying cross-cultural variations in psychostimulant use for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder using linked data

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