Genome analysis of a major urban malaria vector mosquito, Anopheles stephensi
Background Anopheles stephensi is the key vector of malaria throughout the Indian subcontinent and Middle East and an emerging model for molecular and genetic studies of mosquito-parasite interactions. The type form of the species is responsible for the majority of urban malaria transmission across...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Jiang, Xiaofang [verfasserIn] |
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2014 |
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© Jiang et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Genome biology - London : BioMed Central, 2000, 15(2014), 9 vom: 23. Sept. |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:15 ; year:2014 ; number:9 ; day:23 ; month:09 |
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DOI / URN: |
10.1186/s13059-014-0459-2 |
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SPR030021758 |
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520 | |a Background Anopheles stephensi is the key vector of malaria throughout the Indian subcontinent and Middle East and an emerging model for molecular and genetic studies of mosquito-parasite interactions. The type form of the species is responsible for the majority of urban malaria transmission across its range. Results Here, we report the genome sequence and annotation of the Indian strain of the type form of An. stephensi. The 221 Mb genome assembly represents more than 92% of the entire genome and was produced using a combination of 454, Illumina, and PacBio sequencing. Physical mapping assigned 62% of the genome onto chromosomes, enabling chromosome-based analysis. Comparisons between An. stephensi and An. gambiae reveal that the rate of gene order reshuffling on the X chromosome was three times higher than that on the autosomes. An. stephensi has more heterochromatin in pericentric regions but less repetitive DNA in chromosome arms than An. gambiae. We also identify a number of Y-chromosome contigs and BACs. Interspersed repeats constitute 7.1% of the assembled genome while LTR retrotransposons alone comprise more than 49% of the Y contigs. RNA-seq analyses provide new insights into mosquito innate immunity, development, and sexual dimorphism. Conclusions The genome analysis described in this manuscript provides a resource and platform for fundamental and translational research into a major urban malaria vector. Chromosome-based investigations provide unique perspectives on Anopheles chromosome evolution. RNA-seq analysis and studies of immunity genes offer new insights into mosquito biology and mosquito-parasite interactions. | ||
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10.1186/s13059-014-0459-2 doi (DE-627)SPR030021758 (SPR)s13059-014-0459-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Jiang, Xiaofang verfasserin aut Genome analysis of a major urban malaria vector mosquito, Anopheles stephensi 2014 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Jiang et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( Background Anopheles stephensi is the key vector of malaria throughout the Indian subcontinent and Middle East and an emerging model for molecular and genetic studies of mosquito-parasite interactions. The type form of the species is responsible for the majority of urban malaria transmission across its range. Results Here, we report the genome sequence and annotation of the Indian strain of the type form of An. stephensi. The 221 Mb genome assembly represents more than 92% of the entire genome and was produced using a combination of 454, Illumina, and PacBio sequencing. Physical mapping assigned 62% of the genome onto chromosomes, enabling chromosome-based analysis. Comparisons between An. stephensi and An. gambiae reveal that the rate of gene order reshuffling on the X chromosome was three times higher than that on the autosomes. An. stephensi has more heterochromatin in pericentric regions but less repetitive DNA in chromosome arms than An. gambiae. We also identify a number of Y-chromosome contigs and BACs. Interspersed repeats constitute 7.1% of the assembled genome while LTR retrotransposons alone comprise more than 49% of the Y contigs. RNA-seq analyses provide new insights into mosquito innate immunity, development, and sexual dimorphism. Conclusions The genome analysis described in this manuscript provides a resource and platform for fundamental and translational research into a major urban malaria vector. Chromosome-based investigations provide unique perspectives on Anopheles chromosome evolution. RNA-seq analysis and studies of immunity genes offer new insights into mosquito biology and mosquito-parasite interactions. Gene Ontology (dpeaa)DE-He213 Malaria (dpeaa)DE-He213 Simple Repeat (dpeaa)DE-He213 Synteny Block (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pericentric Heterochromatin (dpeaa)DE-He213 Peery, Ashley aut Hall, A Brantley aut Sharma, Atashi aut Chen, Xiao-Guang aut Waterhouse, Robert M aut Komissarov, Aleksey aut Riehle, Michelle M aut Shouche, Yogesh aut Sharakhova, Maria V aut Lawson, Dan aut Pakpour, Nazzy aut Arensburger, Peter aut Davidson, Victoria L M aut Eiglmeier, Karin aut Emrich, Scott aut George, Phillip aut Kennedy, Ryan C aut Mane, Shrinivasrao P aut Maslen, Gareth aut Oringanje, Chioma aut Qi, Yumin aut Settlage, Robert aut Tojo, Marta aut Tubio, Jose M C aut Unger, Maria F aut Wang, Bo aut Vernick, Kenneth D aut Ribeiro, Jose M C aut James, Anthony A aut Michel, Kristin aut Riehle, Michael A aut Luckhart, Shirley aut Sharakhov, Igor V aut Tu, Zhijian aut Enthalten in Genome biology London : BioMed Central, 2000 15(2014), 9 vom: 23. Sept. (DE-627)326173617 (DE-600)2040529-7 1474-760X nnns volume:15 year:2014 number:9 day:23 month:09 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13059-014-0459-2 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 15 2014 9 23 09 |
spelling |
10.1186/s13059-014-0459-2 doi (DE-627)SPR030021758 (SPR)s13059-014-0459-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Jiang, Xiaofang verfasserin aut Genome analysis of a major urban malaria vector mosquito, Anopheles stephensi 2014 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Jiang et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( Background Anopheles stephensi is the key vector of malaria throughout the Indian subcontinent and Middle East and an emerging model for molecular and genetic studies of mosquito-parasite interactions. The type form of the species is responsible for the majority of urban malaria transmission across its range. Results Here, we report the genome sequence and annotation of the Indian strain of the type form of An. stephensi. The 221 Mb genome assembly represents more than 92% of the entire genome and was produced using a combination of 454, Illumina, and PacBio sequencing. Physical mapping assigned 62% of the genome onto chromosomes, enabling chromosome-based analysis. Comparisons between An. stephensi and An. gambiae reveal that the rate of gene order reshuffling on the X chromosome was three times higher than that on the autosomes. An. stephensi has more heterochromatin in pericentric regions but less repetitive DNA in chromosome arms than An. gambiae. We also identify a number of Y-chromosome contigs and BACs. Interspersed repeats constitute 7.1% of the assembled genome while LTR retrotransposons alone comprise more than 49% of the Y contigs. RNA-seq analyses provide new insights into mosquito innate immunity, development, and sexual dimorphism. Conclusions The genome analysis described in this manuscript provides a resource and platform for fundamental and translational research into a major urban malaria vector. Chromosome-based investigations provide unique perspectives on Anopheles chromosome evolution. RNA-seq analysis and studies of immunity genes offer new insights into mosquito biology and mosquito-parasite interactions. Gene Ontology (dpeaa)DE-He213 Malaria (dpeaa)DE-He213 Simple Repeat (dpeaa)DE-He213 Synteny Block (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pericentric Heterochromatin (dpeaa)DE-He213 Peery, Ashley aut Hall, A Brantley aut Sharma, Atashi aut Chen, Xiao-Guang aut Waterhouse, Robert M aut Komissarov, Aleksey aut Riehle, Michelle M aut Shouche, Yogesh aut Sharakhova, Maria V aut Lawson, Dan aut Pakpour, Nazzy aut Arensburger, Peter aut Davidson, Victoria L M aut Eiglmeier, Karin aut Emrich, Scott aut George, Phillip aut Kennedy, Ryan C aut Mane, Shrinivasrao P aut Maslen, Gareth aut Oringanje, Chioma aut Qi, Yumin aut Settlage, Robert aut Tojo, Marta aut Tubio, Jose M C aut Unger, Maria F aut Wang, Bo aut Vernick, Kenneth D aut Ribeiro, Jose M C aut James, Anthony A aut Michel, Kristin aut Riehle, Michael A aut Luckhart, Shirley aut Sharakhov, Igor V aut Tu, Zhijian aut Enthalten in Genome biology London : BioMed Central, 2000 15(2014), 9 vom: 23. Sept. (DE-627)326173617 (DE-600)2040529-7 1474-760X nnns volume:15 year:2014 number:9 day:23 month:09 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13059-014-0459-2 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 15 2014 9 23 09 |
allfields_unstemmed |
10.1186/s13059-014-0459-2 doi (DE-627)SPR030021758 (SPR)s13059-014-0459-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Jiang, Xiaofang verfasserin aut Genome analysis of a major urban malaria vector mosquito, Anopheles stephensi 2014 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Jiang et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( Background Anopheles stephensi is the key vector of malaria throughout the Indian subcontinent and Middle East and an emerging model for molecular and genetic studies of mosquito-parasite interactions. The type form of the species is responsible for the majority of urban malaria transmission across its range. Results Here, we report the genome sequence and annotation of the Indian strain of the type form of An. stephensi. The 221 Mb genome assembly represents more than 92% of the entire genome and was produced using a combination of 454, Illumina, and PacBio sequencing. Physical mapping assigned 62% of the genome onto chromosomes, enabling chromosome-based analysis. Comparisons between An. stephensi and An. gambiae reveal that the rate of gene order reshuffling on the X chromosome was three times higher than that on the autosomes. An. stephensi has more heterochromatin in pericentric regions but less repetitive DNA in chromosome arms than An. gambiae. We also identify a number of Y-chromosome contigs and BACs. Interspersed repeats constitute 7.1% of the assembled genome while LTR retrotransposons alone comprise more than 49% of the Y contigs. RNA-seq analyses provide new insights into mosquito innate immunity, development, and sexual dimorphism. Conclusions The genome analysis described in this manuscript provides a resource and platform for fundamental and translational research into a major urban malaria vector. Chromosome-based investigations provide unique perspectives on Anopheles chromosome evolution. RNA-seq analysis and studies of immunity genes offer new insights into mosquito biology and mosquito-parasite interactions. Gene Ontology (dpeaa)DE-He213 Malaria (dpeaa)DE-He213 Simple Repeat (dpeaa)DE-He213 Synteny Block (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pericentric Heterochromatin (dpeaa)DE-He213 Peery, Ashley aut Hall, A Brantley aut Sharma, Atashi aut Chen, Xiao-Guang aut Waterhouse, Robert M aut Komissarov, Aleksey aut Riehle, Michelle M aut Shouche, Yogesh aut Sharakhova, Maria V aut Lawson, Dan aut Pakpour, Nazzy aut Arensburger, Peter aut Davidson, Victoria L M aut Eiglmeier, Karin aut Emrich, Scott aut George, Phillip aut Kennedy, Ryan C aut Mane, Shrinivasrao P aut Maslen, Gareth aut Oringanje, Chioma aut Qi, Yumin aut Settlage, Robert aut Tojo, Marta aut Tubio, Jose M C aut Unger, Maria F aut Wang, Bo aut Vernick, Kenneth D aut Ribeiro, Jose M C aut James, Anthony A aut Michel, Kristin aut Riehle, Michael A aut Luckhart, Shirley aut Sharakhov, Igor V aut Tu, Zhijian aut Enthalten in Genome biology London : BioMed Central, 2000 15(2014), 9 vom: 23. Sept. (DE-627)326173617 (DE-600)2040529-7 1474-760X nnns volume:15 year:2014 number:9 day:23 month:09 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13059-014-0459-2 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 15 2014 9 23 09 |
allfieldsGer |
10.1186/s13059-014-0459-2 doi (DE-627)SPR030021758 (SPR)s13059-014-0459-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Jiang, Xiaofang verfasserin aut Genome analysis of a major urban malaria vector mosquito, Anopheles stephensi 2014 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Jiang et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( Background Anopheles stephensi is the key vector of malaria throughout the Indian subcontinent and Middle East and an emerging model for molecular and genetic studies of mosquito-parasite interactions. The type form of the species is responsible for the majority of urban malaria transmission across its range. Results Here, we report the genome sequence and annotation of the Indian strain of the type form of An. stephensi. The 221 Mb genome assembly represents more than 92% of the entire genome and was produced using a combination of 454, Illumina, and PacBio sequencing. Physical mapping assigned 62% of the genome onto chromosomes, enabling chromosome-based analysis. Comparisons between An. stephensi and An. gambiae reveal that the rate of gene order reshuffling on the X chromosome was three times higher than that on the autosomes. An. stephensi has more heterochromatin in pericentric regions but less repetitive DNA in chromosome arms than An. gambiae. We also identify a number of Y-chromosome contigs and BACs. Interspersed repeats constitute 7.1% of the assembled genome while LTR retrotransposons alone comprise more than 49% of the Y contigs. RNA-seq analyses provide new insights into mosquito innate immunity, development, and sexual dimorphism. Conclusions The genome analysis described in this manuscript provides a resource and platform for fundamental and translational research into a major urban malaria vector. Chromosome-based investigations provide unique perspectives on Anopheles chromosome evolution. RNA-seq analysis and studies of immunity genes offer new insights into mosquito biology and mosquito-parasite interactions. Gene Ontology (dpeaa)DE-He213 Malaria (dpeaa)DE-He213 Simple Repeat (dpeaa)DE-He213 Synteny Block (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pericentric Heterochromatin (dpeaa)DE-He213 Peery, Ashley aut Hall, A Brantley aut Sharma, Atashi aut Chen, Xiao-Guang aut Waterhouse, Robert M aut Komissarov, Aleksey aut Riehle, Michelle M aut Shouche, Yogesh aut Sharakhova, Maria V aut Lawson, Dan aut Pakpour, Nazzy aut Arensburger, Peter aut Davidson, Victoria L M aut Eiglmeier, Karin aut Emrich, Scott aut George, Phillip aut Kennedy, Ryan C aut Mane, Shrinivasrao P aut Maslen, Gareth aut Oringanje, Chioma aut Qi, Yumin aut Settlage, Robert aut Tojo, Marta aut Tubio, Jose M C aut Unger, Maria F aut Wang, Bo aut Vernick, Kenneth D aut Ribeiro, Jose M C aut James, Anthony A aut Michel, Kristin aut Riehle, Michael A aut Luckhart, Shirley aut Sharakhov, Igor V aut Tu, Zhijian aut Enthalten in Genome biology London : BioMed Central, 2000 15(2014), 9 vom: 23. Sept. (DE-627)326173617 (DE-600)2040529-7 1474-760X nnns volume:15 year:2014 number:9 day:23 month:09 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13059-014-0459-2 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 15 2014 9 23 09 |
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10.1186/s13059-014-0459-2 doi (DE-627)SPR030021758 (SPR)s13059-014-0459-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Jiang, Xiaofang verfasserin aut Genome analysis of a major urban malaria vector mosquito, Anopheles stephensi 2014 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Jiang et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( Background Anopheles stephensi is the key vector of malaria throughout the Indian subcontinent and Middle East and an emerging model for molecular and genetic studies of mosquito-parasite interactions. The type form of the species is responsible for the majority of urban malaria transmission across its range. Results Here, we report the genome sequence and annotation of the Indian strain of the type form of An. stephensi. The 221 Mb genome assembly represents more than 92% of the entire genome and was produced using a combination of 454, Illumina, and PacBio sequencing. Physical mapping assigned 62% of the genome onto chromosomes, enabling chromosome-based analysis. Comparisons between An. stephensi and An. gambiae reveal that the rate of gene order reshuffling on the X chromosome was three times higher than that on the autosomes. An. stephensi has more heterochromatin in pericentric regions but less repetitive DNA in chromosome arms than An. gambiae. We also identify a number of Y-chromosome contigs and BACs. Interspersed repeats constitute 7.1% of the assembled genome while LTR retrotransposons alone comprise more than 49% of the Y contigs. RNA-seq analyses provide new insights into mosquito innate immunity, development, and sexual dimorphism. Conclusions The genome analysis described in this manuscript provides a resource and platform for fundamental and translational research into a major urban malaria vector. Chromosome-based investigations provide unique perspectives on Anopheles chromosome evolution. RNA-seq analysis and studies of immunity genes offer new insights into mosquito biology and mosquito-parasite interactions. Gene Ontology (dpeaa)DE-He213 Malaria (dpeaa)DE-He213 Simple Repeat (dpeaa)DE-He213 Synteny Block (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pericentric Heterochromatin (dpeaa)DE-He213 Peery, Ashley aut Hall, A Brantley aut Sharma, Atashi aut Chen, Xiao-Guang aut Waterhouse, Robert M aut Komissarov, Aleksey aut Riehle, Michelle M aut Shouche, Yogesh aut Sharakhova, Maria V aut Lawson, Dan aut Pakpour, Nazzy aut Arensburger, Peter aut Davidson, Victoria L M aut Eiglmeier, Karin aut Emrich, Scott aut George, Phillip aut Kennedy, Ryan C aut Mane, Shrinivasrao P aut Maslen, Gareth aut Oringanje, Chioma aut Qi, Yumin aut Settlage, Robert aut Tojo, Marta aut Tubio, Jose M C aut Unger, Maria F aut Wang, Bo aut Vernick, Kenneth D aut Ribeiro, Jose M C aut James, Anthony A aut Michel, Kristin aut Riehle, Michael A aut Luckhart, Shirley aut Sharakhov, Igor V aut Tu, Zhijian aut Enthalten in Genome biology London : BioMed Central, 2000 15(2014), 9 vom: 23. Sept. (DE-627)326173617 (DE-600)2040529-7 1474-760X nnns volume:15 year:2014 number:9 day:23 month:09 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13059-014-0459-2 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 15 2014 9 23 09 |
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Genome analysis of a major urban malaria vector mosquito, Anopheles stephensi Gene Ontology (dpeaa)DE-He213 Malaria (dpeaa)DE-He213 Simple Repeat (dpeaa)DE-He213 Synteny Block (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pericentric Heterochromatin (dpeaa)DE-He213 |
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Jiang, Xiaofang Peery, Ashley Hall, A Brantley Sharma, Atashi Chen, Xiao-Guang Waterhouse, Robert M Komissarov, Aleksey Riehle, Michelle M Shouche, Yogesh Sharakhova, Maria V Lawson, Dan Pakpour, Nazzy Arensburger, Peter Davidson, Victoria L M Eiglmeier, Karin Emrich, Scott George, Phillip Kennedy, Ryan C Mane, Shrinivasrao P Maslen, Gareth Oringanje, Chioma Qi, Yumin Settlage, Robert Tojo, Marta Tubio, Jose M C Unger, Maria F Wang, Bo Vernick, Kenneth D Ribeiro, Jose M C James, Anthony A Michel, Kristin Riehle, Michael A Luckhart, Shirley Sharakhov, Igor V Tu, Zhijian |
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genome analysis of a major urban malaria vector mosquito, anopheles stephensi |
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Genome analysis of a major urban malaria vector mosquito, Anopheles stephensi |
abstract |
Background Anopheles stephensi is the key vector of malaria throughout the Indian subcontinent and Middle East and an emerging model for molecular and genetic studies of mosquito-parasite interactions. The type form of the species is responsible for the majority of urban malaria transmission across its range. Results Here, we report the genome sequence and annotation of the Indian strain of the type form of An. stephensi. The 221 Mb genome assembly represents more than 92% of the entire genome and was produced using a combination of 454, Illumina, and PacBio sequencing. Physical mapping assigned 62% of the genome onto chromosomes, enabling chromosome-based analysis. Comparisons between An. stephensi and An. gambiae reveal that the rate of gene order reshuffling on the X chromosome was three times higher than that on the autosomes. An. stephensi has more heterochromatin in pericentric regions but less repetitive DNA in chromosome arms than An. gambiae. We also identify a number of Y-chromosome contigs and BACs. Interspersed repeats constitute 7.1% of the assembled genome while LTR retrotransposons alone comprise more than 49% of the Y contigs. RNA-seq analyses provide new insights into mosquito innate immunity, development, and sexual dimorphism. Conclusions The genome analysis described in this manuscript provides a resource and platform for fundamental and translational research into a major urban malaria vector. Chromosome-based investigations provide unique perspectives on Anopheles chromosome evolution. RNA-seq analysis and studies of immunity genes offer new insights into mosquito biology and mosquito-parasite interactions. © Jiang et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( |
abstractGer |
Background Anopheles stephensi is the key vector of malaria throughout the Indian subcontinent and Middle East and an emerging model for molecular and genetic studies of mosquito-parasite interactions. The type form of the species is responsible for the majority of urban malaria transmission across its range. Results Here, we report the genome sequence and annotation of the Indian strain of the type form of An. stephensi. The 221 Mb genome assembly represents more than 92% of the entire genome and was produced using a combination of 454, Illumina, and PacBio sequencing. Physical mapping assigned 62% of the genome onto chromosomes, enabling chromosome-based analysis. Comparisons between An. stephensi and An. gambiae reveal that the rate of gene order reshuffling on the X chromosome was three times higher than that on the autosomes. An. stephensi has more heterochromatin in pericentric regions but less repetitive DNA in chromosome arms than An. gambiae. We also identify a number of Y-chromosome contigs and BACs. Interspersed repeats constitute 7.1% of the assembled genome while LTR retrotransposons alone comprise more than 49% of the Y contigs. RNA-seq analyses provide new insights into mosquito innate immunity, development, and sexual dimorphism. Conclusions The genome analysis described in this manuscript provides a resource and platform for fundamental and translational research into a major urban malaria vector. Chromosome-based investigations provide unique perspectives on Anopheles chromosome evolution. RNA-seq analysis and studies of immunity genes offer new insights into mosquito biology and mosquito-parasite interactions. © Jiang et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( |
abstract_unstemmed |
Background Anopheles stephensi is the key vector of malaria throughout the Indian subcontinent and Middle East and an emerging model for molecular and genetic studies of mosquito-parasite interactions. The type form of the species is responsible for the majority of urban malaria transmission across its range. Results Here, we report the genome sequence and annotation of the Indian strain of the type form of An. stephensi. The 221 Mb genome assembly represents more than 92% of the entire genome and was produced using a combination of 454, Illumina, and PacBio sequencing. Physical mapping assigned 62% of the genome onto chromosomes, enabling chromosome-based analysis. Comparisons between An. stephensi and An. gambiae reveal that the rate of gene order reshuffling on the X chromosome was three times higher than that on the autosomes. An. stephensi has more heterochromatin in pericentric regions but less repetitive DNA in chromosome arms than An. gambiae. We also identify a number of Y-chromosome contigs and BACs. Interspersed repeats constitute 7.1% of the assembled genome while LTR retrotransposons alone comprise more than 49% of the Y contigs. RNA-seq analyses provide new insights into mosquito innate immunity, development, and sexual dimorphism. Conclusions The genome analysis described in this manuscript provides a resource and platform for fundamental and translational research into a major urban malaria vector. Chromosome-based investigations provide unique perspectives on Anopheles chromosome evolution. RNA-seq analysis and studies of immunity genes offer new insights into mosquito biology and mosquito-parasite interactions. © Jiang et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( |
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Peery, Ashley Hall, A Brantley Sharma, Atashi Chen, Xiao-Guang Waterhouse, Robert M Komissarov, Aleksey Riehle, Michelle M Shouche, Yogesh Sharakhova, Maria V Lawson, Dan Pakpour, Nazzy Arensburger, Peter Davidson, Victoria L M Eiglmeier, Karin Emrich, Scott George, Phillip Kennedy, Ryan C Mane, Shrinivasrao P Maslen, Gareth Oringanje, Chioma Qi, Yumin Settlage, Robert Tojo, Marta Tubio, Jose M C Unger, Maria F Wang, Bo Vernick, Kenneth D Ribeiro, Jose M C James, Anthony A Michel, Kristin Riehle, Michael A Luckhart, Shirley Sharakhov, Igor V Tu, Zhijian |
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