Electrodeposition of quaternary alloys in the presence of magnetic field

Abstract Electrodeposition of Ni-Co-Fe-Zn alloys was done in a chloride ion solution with the presence and absence of a Permanent Parallel Magnetic Field (PPMF). The PPMF was applied parallel to the cathode surface. The deposition profile was monitored chronoamperometrically. It was found that the e...
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Autor*in:	Ebadi, Mehdi [verfasserIn] Basirun, Wan Jeffrey Alias, Yatimah Mahmoudian, Mohammadreza

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2010

Schlagwörter:	Magnetic Flux Cathode Surface Roughness Factor Image Layer Diffusion Layer Thickness

Anmerkung:	© Ebadi et al 2009

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Chemistry central journal - London : BioMed Central, 2007, 4(2010), 1 vom: 06. Juli
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:4 ; year:2010 ; number:1 ; day:06 ; month:07

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1186/1752-153X-4-14

Katalog-ID:	SPR030126312

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520			\|a Abstract Electrodeposition of Ni-Co-Fe-Zn alloys was done in a chloride ion solution with the presence and absence of a Permanent Parallel Magnetic Field (PPMF). The PPMF was applied parallel to the cathode surface. The deposition profile was monitored chronoamperometrically. It was found that the electrodeposition current was enhanced in the presence of PPMF (9 T) compared to without PPMF. The percentage of current enhancement (Γ%) was increased in the presence of PPMF, with results of Γ% = 11.9%, 16.7% and 18.5% at -1.1, -1.2 and -1.3 V respectively for a 2400 sec duration. In chronoamperometry, the Composition Reference Line (CRL) for Ni was around 57%, although the nobler metals (i.e. Ni, Co) showed anomalous behaviour in the presence of Zn and Fe. The anomalous behaviour of the Ni-Co-Fe-Zn electrodeposition was shown by the Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) results. From Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) measurements, it was found that the surface roughness of the Ni-Co-Fe-Zn alloy films decreased in the presence of a PPMF.
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allfields	10.1186/1752-153X-4-14 doi (DE-627)SPR030126312 (SPR)1752-153X-4-14-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Ebadi, Mehdi verfasserin aut Electrodeposition of quaternary alloys in the presence of magnetic field 2010 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Ebadi et al 2009 Abstract Electrodeposition of Ni-Co-Fe-Zn alloys was done in a chloride ion solution with the presence and absence of a Permanent Parallel Magnetic Field (PPMF). The PPMF was applied parallel to the cathode surface. The deposition profile was monitored chronoamperometrically. It was found that the electrodeposition current was enhanced in the presence of PPMF (9 T) compared to without PPMF. The percentage of current enhancement (Γ%) was increased in the presence of PPMF, with results of Γ% = 11.9%, 16.7% and 18.5% at -1.1, -1.2 and -1.3 V respectively for a 2400 sec duration. In chronoamperometry, the Composition Reference Line (CRL) for Ni was around 57%, although the nobler metals (i.e. Ni, Co) showed anomalous behaviour in the presence of Zn and Fe. The anomalous behaviour of the Ni-Co-Fe-Zn electrodeposition was shown by the Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) results. From Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) measurements, it was found that the surface roughness of the Ni-Co-Fe-Zn alloy films decreased in the presence of a PPMF. Magnetic Flux (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cathode Surface (dpeaa)DE-He213 Roughness Factor (dpeaa)DE-He213 Image Layer (dpeaa)DE-He213 Diffusion Layer Thickness (dpeaa)DE-He213 Basirun, Wan Jeffrey aut Alias, Yatimah aut Mahmoudian, Mohammadreza aut Enthalten in Chemistry central journal London : BioMed Central, 2007 4(2010), 1 vom: 06. Juli (DE-627)525475176 (DE-600)2272440-0 1752-153X nnns volume:4 year:2010 number:1 day:06 month:07 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1752-153X-4-14 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 4 2010 1 06 07
spelling	10.1186/1752-153X-4-14 doi (DE-627)SPR030126312 (SPR)1752-153X-4-14-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Ebadi, Mehdi verfasserin aut Electrodeposition of quaternary alloys in the presence of magnetic field 2010 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Ebadi et al 2009 Abstract Electrodeposition of Ni-Co-Fe-Zn alloys was done in a chloride ion solution with the presence and absence of a Permanent Parallel Magnetic Field (PPMF). The PPMF was applied parallel to the cathode surface. The deposition profile was monitored chronoamperometrically. It was found that the electrodeposition current was enhanced in the presence of PPMF (9 T) compared to without PPMF. The percentage of current enhancement (Γ%) was increased in the presence of PPMF, with results of Γ% = 11.9%, 16.7% and 18.5% at -1.1, -1.2 and -1.3 V respectively for a 2400 sec duration. In chronoamperometry, the Composition Reference Line (CRL) for Ni was around 57%, although the nobler metals (i.e. Ni, Co) showed anomalous behaviour in the presence of Zn and Fe. The anomalous behaviour of the Ni-Co-Fe-Zn electrodeposition was shown by the Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) results. From Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) measurements, it was found that the surface roughness of the Ni-Co-Fe-Zn alloy films decreased in the presence of a PPMF. Magnetic Flux (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cathode Surface (dpeaa)DE-He213 Roughness Factor (dpeaa)DE-He213 Image Layer (dpeaa)DE-He213 Diffusion Layer Thickness (dpeaa)DE-He213 Basirun, Wan Jeffrey aut Alias, Yatimah aut Mahmoudian, Mohammadreza aut Enthalten in Chemistry central journal London : BioMed Central, 2007 4(2010), 1 vom: 06. Juli (DE-627)525475176 (DE-600)2272440-0 1752-153X nnns volume:4 year:2010 number:1 day:06 month:07 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1752-153X-4-14 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 4 2010 1 06 07
allfields_unstemmed	10.1186/1752-153X-4-14 doi (DE-627)SPR030126312 (SPR)1752-153X-4-14-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Ebadi, Mehdi verfasserin aut Electrodeposition of quaternary alloys in the presence of magnetic field 2010 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Ebadi et al 2009 Abstract Electrodeposition of Ni-Co-Fe-Zn alloys was done in a chloride ion solution with the presence and absence of a Permanent Parallel Magnetic Field (PPMF). The PPMF was applied parallel to the cathode surface. The deposition profile was monitored chronoamperometrically. It was found that the electrodeposition current was enhanced in the presence of PPMF (9 T) compared to without PPMF. The percentage of current enhancement (Γ%) was increased in the presence of PPMF, with results of Γ% = 11.9%, 16.7% and 18.5% at -1.1, -1.2 and -1.3 V respectively for a 2400 sec duration. In chronoamperometry, the Composition Reference Line (CRL) for Ni was around 57%, although the nobler metals (i.e. Ni, Co) showed anomalous behaviour in the presence of Zn and Fe. The anomalous behaviour of the Ni-Co-Fe-Zn electrodeposition was shown by the Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) results. From Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) measurements, it was found that the surface roughness of the Ni-Co-Fe-Zn alloy films decreased in the presence of a PPMF. Magnetic Flux (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cathode Surface (dpeaa)DE-He213 Roughness Factor (dpeaa)DE-He213 Image Layer (dpeaa)DE-He213 Diffusion Layer Thickness (dpeaa)DE-He213 Basirun, Wan Jeffrey aut Alias, Yatimah aut Mahmoudian, Mohammadreza aut Enthalten in Chemistry central journal London : BioMed Central, 2007 4(2010), 1 vom: 06. Juli (DE-627)525475176 (DE-600)2272440-0 1752-153X nnns volume:4 year:2010 number:1 day:06 month:07 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1752-153X-4-14 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 4 2010 1 06 07
allfieldsGer	10.1186/1752-153X-4-14 doi (DE-627)SPR030126312 (SPR)1752-153X-4-14-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Ebadi, Mehdi verfasserin aut Electrodeposition of quaternary alloys in the presence of magnetic field 2010 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Ebadi et al 2009 Abstract Electrodeposition of Ni-Co-Fe-Zn alloys was done in a chloride ion solution with the presence and absence of a Permanent Parallel Magnetic Field (PPMF). The PPMF was applied parallel to the cathode surface. The deposition profile was monitored chronoamperometrically. It was found that the electrodeposition current was enhanced in the presence of PPMF (9 T) compared to without PPMF. The percentage of current enhancement (Γ%) was increased in the presence of PPMF, with results of Γ% = 11.9%, 16.7% and 18.5% at -1.1, -1.2 and -1.3 V respectively for a 2400 sec duration. In chronoamperometry, the Composition Reference Line (CRL) for Ni was around 57%, although the nobler metals (i.e. Ni, Co) showed anomalous behaviour in the presence of Zn and Fe. The anomalous behaviour of the Ni-Co-Fe-Zn electrodeposition was shown by the Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) results. From Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) measurements, it was found that the surface roughness of the Ni-Co-Fe-Zn alloy films decreased in the presence of a PPMF. Magnetic Flux (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cathode Surface (dpeaa)DE-He213 Roughness Factor (dpeaa)DE-He213 Image Layer (dpeaa)DE-He213 Diffusion Layer Thickness (dpeaa)DE-He213 Basirun, Wan Jeffrey aut Alias, Yatimah aut Mahmoudian, Mohammadreza aut Enthalten in Chemistry central journal London : BioMed Central, 2007 4(2010), 1 vom: 06. Juli (DE-627)525475176 (DE-600)2272440-0 1752-153X nnns volume:4 year:2010 number:1 day:06 month:07 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1752-153X-4-14 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 4 2010 1 06 07
allfieldsSound	10.1186/1752-153X-4-14 doi (DE-627)SPR030126312 (SPR)1752-153X-4-14-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Ebadi, Mehdi verfasserin aut Electrodeposition of quaternary alloys in the presence of magnetic field 2010 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Ebadi et al 2009 Abstract Electrodeposition of Ni-Co-Fe-Zn alloys was done in a chloride ion solution with the presence and absence of a Permanent Parallel Magnetic Field (PPMF). The PPMF was applied parallel to the cathode surface. The deposition profile was monitored chronoamperometrically. It was found that the electrodeposition current was enhanced in the presence of PPMF (9 T) compared to without PPMF. The percentage of current enhancement (Γ%) was increased in the presence of PPMF, with results of Γ% = 11.9%, 16.7% and 18.5% at -1.1, -1.2 and -1.3 V respectively for a 2400 sec duration. In chronoamperometry, the Composition Reference Line (CRL) for Ni was around 57%, although the nobler metals (i.e. Ni, Co) showed anomalous behaviour in the presence of Zn and Fe. The anomalous behaviour of the Ni-Co-Fe-Zn electrodeposition was shown by the Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) results. From Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) measurements, it was found that the surface roughness of the Ni-Co-Fe-Zn alloy films decreased in the presence of a PPMF. Magnetic Flux (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cathode Surface (dpeaa)DE-He213 Roughness Factor (dpeaa)DE-He213 Image Layer (dpeaa)DE-He213 Diffusion Layer Thickness (dpeaa)DE-He213 Basirun, Wan Jeffrey aut Alias, Yatimah aut Mahmoudian, Mohammadreza aut Enthalten in Chemistry central journal London : BioMed Central, 2007 4(2010), 1 vom: 06. Juli (DE-627)525475176 (DE-600)2272440-0 1752-153X nnns volume:4 year:2010 number:1 day:06 month:07 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1752-153X-4-14 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 4 2010 1 06 07
language	English
source	Enthalten in Chemistry central journal 4(2010), 1 vom: 06. Juli volume:4 year:2010 number:1 day:06 month:07
sourceStr	Enthalten in Chemistry central journal 4(2010), 1 vom: 06. Juli volume:4 year:2010 number:1 day:06 month:07
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	Magnetic Flux Cathode Surface Roughness Factor Image Layer Diffusion Layer Thickness
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container_title	Chemistry central journal
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Ebadi, Mehdi @@aut@@ Basirun, Wan Jeffrey @@aut@@ Alias, Yatimah @@aut@@ Mahmoudian, Mohammadreza @@aut@@
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author	Ebadi, Mehdi
spellingShingle	Ebadi, Mehdi misc Magnetic Flux misc Cathode Surface misc Roughness Factor misc Image Layer misc Diffusion Layer Thickness Electrodeposition of quaternary alloys in the presence of magnetic field
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topic_title	Electrodeposition of quaternary alloys in the presence of magnetic field Magnetic Flux (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cathode Surface (dpeaa)DE-He213 Roughness Factor (dpeaa)DE-He213 Image Layer (dpeaa)DE-He213 Diffusion Layer Thickness (dpeaa)DE-He213
topic	misc Magnetic Flux misc Cathode Surface misc Roughness Factor misc Image Layer misc Diffusion Layer Thickness
topic_unstemmed	misc Magnetic Flux misc Cathode Surface misc Roughness Factor misc Image Layer misc Diffusion Layer Thickness
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title	Electrodeposition of quaternary alloys in the presence of magnetic field
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title_full	Electrodeposition of quaternary alloys in the presence of magnetic field
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author_browse	Ebadi, Mehdi Basirun, Wan Jeffrey Alias, Yatimah Mahmoudian, Mohammadreza
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title_sort	electrodeposition of quaternary alloys in the presence of magnetic field
title_auth	Electrodeposition of quaternary alloys in the presence of magnetic field
abstract	Abstract Electrodeposition of Ni-Co-Fe-Zn alloys was done in a chloride ion solution with the presence and absence of a Permanent Parallel Magnetic Field (PPMF). The PPMF was applied parallel to the cathode surface. The deposition profile was monitored chronoamperometrically. It was found that the electrodeposition current was enhanced in the presence of PPMF (9 T) compared to without PPMF. The percentage of current enhancement (Γ%) was increased in the presence of PPMF, with results of Γ% = 11.9%, 16.7% and 18.5% at -1.1, -1.2 and -1.3 V respectively for a 2400 sec duration. In chronoamperometry, the Composition Reference Line (CRL) for Ni was around 57%, although the nobler metals (i.e. Ni, Co) showed anomalous behaviour in the presence of Zn and Fe. The anomalous behaviour of the Ni-Co-Fe-Zn electrodeposition was shown by the Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) results. From Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) measurements, it was found that the surface roughness of the Ni-Co-Fe-Zn alloy films decreased in the presence of a PPMF. © Ebadi et al 2009
abstractGer	Abstract Electrodeposition of Ni-Co-Fe-Zn alloys was done in a chloride ion solution with the presence and absence of a Permanent Parallel Magnetic Field (PPMF). The PPMF was applied parallel to the cathode surface. The deposition profile was monitored chronoamperometrically. It was found that the electrodeposition current was enhanced in the presence of PPMF (9 T) compared to without PPMF. The percentage of current enhancement (Γ%) was increased in the presence of PPMF, with results of Γ% = 11.9%, 16.7% and 18.5% at -1.1, -1.2 and -1.3 V respectively for a 2400 sec duration. In chronoamperometry, the Composition Reference Line (CRL) for Ni was around 57%, although the nobler metals (i.e. Ni, Co) showed anomalous behaviour in the presence of Zn and Fe. The anomalous behaviour of the Ni-Co-Fe-Zn electrodeposition was shown by the Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) results. From Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) measurements, it was found that the surface roughness of the Ni-Co-Fe-Zn alloy films decreased in the presence of a PPMF. © Ebadi et al 2009
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract Electrodeposition of Ni-Co-Fe-Zn alloys was done in a chloride ion solution with the presence and absence of a Permanent Parallel Magnetic Field (PPMF). The PPMF was applied parallel to the cathode surface. The deposition profile was monitored chronoamperometrically. It was found that the electrodeposition current was enhanced in the presence of PPMF (9 T) compared to without PPMF. The percentage of current enhancement (Γ%) was increased in the presence of PPMF, with results of Γ% = 11.9%, 16.7% and 18.5% at -1.1, -1.2 and -1.3 V respectively for a 2400 sec duration. In chronoamperometry, the Composition Reference Line (CRL) for Ni was around 57%, although the nobler metals (i.e. Ni, Co) showed anomalous behaviour in the presence of Zn and Fe. The anomalous behaviour of the Ni-Co-Fe-Zn electrodeposition was shown by the Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) results. From Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) measurements, it was found that the surface roughness of the Ni-Co-Fe-Zn alloy films decreased in the presence of a PPMF. © Ebadi et al 2009
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title_short	Electrodeposition of quaternary alloys in the presence of magnetic field
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Electrodeposition of quaternary alloys in the presence of magnetic field

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