Zonula occludens toxins and their prophages in Campylobacter species

Background We previously showed that zonula occludens toxin (Zot) encoded by Campylobacter concisus zot808T gene has the potential to initiate inflammatory bowel disease. This Zot protein caused prolonged intestinal epithelial barrier damage, induced intestinal epithelial and macrophage production of tumor necrosis factor-α and enhanced the responses of macrophages to other microbes. In order to understand the potential virulence of Zot proteins in other Campylobacter species, in this study we examined their presence, similarities, motifs and prophages. Methods The presence of Zot proteins in Campylobacter species was examined by searching for the Zot family domain in multiple protein databases. Walker A and Walker B motifs in Zot proteins were identified using protein sequence alignment. A phylogenetic tree based on Campylobacter zot genes was constructed using maximum-likelihood method. Campylobacter Zot proteins were compared using protein sequence alignment. The zot-containing prophages in Campylobacter species were identified and compared with known prophage proteins and other viral proteins using protein sequence alignment and protein BLAST. Results Twelve Zot proteins were found in nine Campylobacter species/subspecies. Among these Campylobacter species, three species had two Zot proteins and the remaining six species/subspecies had one Zot protein. Walker A and Walker B motifs and a transmembrane domain were found in all identified Campylobacter Zot proteins. The twelve Campylobacter zot genes from the nine Campylobacter species/subspecies formed two clusters. The $ Zot_{CampyType_1} $ proteins encoded by Cluster 1 Campylobacter zot genes showed high similarities to each other. However, $ Zot_{CampyType_2} $ proteins encoded by Cluster 2 Campylobacter zot genes were more diverse. Furthermore, the zot-containing Campylobacter prophages were identified. Conclusion This study reports the identification of two types of Campylobacter Zot proteins. The high similarities of $ Zot_{CampyType_1} $ proteins suggest that they are likely to have similar virulence. $ Zot_{CampyType_2} $ proteins are less similar to each other and their virulent properties, if any, remain to be examined individually. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Liu, Fang [verfasserIn] Lee, Hoyul Lan, Ruiting Zhang, Li

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2016

Schlagwörter:	Zonula occludens toxin (Zot) Prophage

Anmerkung:	© The Author(s) 2016

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Gut pathogens - London : BioMed Central, 2009, 8(2016), 1 vom: 15. Sept.
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:8 ; year:2016 ; number:1 ; day:15 ; month:09

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1186/s13099-016-0125-1

Katalog-ID:	SPR030254019

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520			\|a Background We previously showed that zonula occludens toxin (Zot) encoded by Campylobacter concisus zot808T gene has the potential to initiate inflammatory bowel disease. This Zot protein caused prolonged intestinal epithelial barrier damage, induced intestinal epithelial and macrophage production of tumor necrosis factor-α and enhanced the responses of macrophages to other microbes. In order to understand the potential virulence of Zot proteins in other Campylobacter species, in this study we examined their presence, similarities, motifs and prophages. Methods The presence of Zot proteins in Campylobacter species was examined by searching for the Zot family domain in multiple protein databases. Walker A and Walker B motifs in Zot proteins were identified using protein sequence alignment. A phylogenetic tree based on Campylobacter zot genes was constructed using maximum-likelihood method. Campylobacter Zot proteins were compared using protein sequence alignment. The zot-containing prophages in Campylobacter species were identified and compared with known prophage proteins and other viral proteins using protein sequence alignment and protein BLAST. Results Twelve Zot proteins were found in nine Campylobacter species/subspecies. Among these Campylobacter species, three species had two Zot proteins and the remaining six species/subspecies had one Zot protein. Walker A and Walker B motifs and a transmembrane domain were found in all identified Campylobacter Zot proteins. The twelve Campylobacter zot genes from the nine Campylobacter species/subspecies formed two clusters. The $ Zot_{CampyType_1} $ proteins encoded by Cluster 1 Campylobacter zot genes showed high similarities to each other. However, $ Zot_{CampyType_2} $ proteins encoded by Cluster 2 Campylobacter zot genes were more diverse. Furthermore, the zot-containing Campylobacter prophages were identified. Conclusion This study reports the identification of two types of Campylobacter Zot proteins. The high similarities of $ Zot_{CampyType_1} $ proteins suggest that they are likely to have similar virulence. $ Zot_{CampyType_2} $ proteins are less similar to each other and their virulent properties, if any, remain to be examined individually.
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matchkey_str	article:17574749:2016----::ouacldntxnadhipohgsnap
hierarchy_sort_str	2016
publishDate	2016
allfields	10.1186/s13099-016-0125-1 doi (DE-627)SPR030254019 (SPR)s13099-016-0125-1-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Liu, Fang verfasserin aut Zonula occludens toxins and their prophages in Campylobacter species 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2016 Background We previously showed that zonula occludens toxin (Zot) encoded by Campylobacter concisus zot808T gene has the potential to initiate inflammatory bowel disease. This Zot protein caused prolonged intestinal epithelial barrier damage, induced intestinal epithelial and macrophage production of tumor necrosis factor-α and enhanced the responses of macrophages to other microbes. In order to understand the potential virulence of Zot proteins in other Campylobacter species, in this study we examined their presence, similarities, motifs and prophages. Methods The presence of Zot proteins in Campylobacter species was examined by searching for the Zot family domain in multiple protein databases. Walker A and Walker B motifs in Zot proteins were identified using protein sequence alignment. A phylogenetic tree based on Campylobacter zot genes was constructed using maximum-likelihood method. Campylobacter Zot proteins were compared using protein sequence alignment. The zot-containing prophages in Campylobacter species were identified and compared with known prophage proteins and other viral proteins using protein sequence alignment and protein BLAST. Results Twelve Zot proteins were found in nine Campylobacter species/subspecies. Among these Campylobacter species, three species had two Zot proteins and the remaining six species/subspecies had one Zot protein. Walker A and Walker B motifs and a transmembrane domain were found in all identified Campylobacter Zot proteins. The twelve Campylobacter zot genes from the nine Campylobacter species/subspecies formed two clusters. The $ Zot_{CampyType_1} $ proteins encoded by Cluster 1 Campylobacter zot genes showed high similarities to each other. However, $ Zot_{CampyType_2} $ proteins encoded by Cluster 2 Campylobacter zot genes were more diverse. Furthermore, the zot-containing Campylobacter prophages were identified. Conclusion This study reports the identification of two types of Campylobacter Zot proteins. The high similarities of $ Zot_{CampyType_1} $ proteins suggest that they are likely to have similar virulence. $ Zot_{CampyType_2} $ proteins are less similar to each other and their virulent properties, if any, remain to be examined individually. Zonula occludens toxin (Zot) (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prophage (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lee, Hoyul aut Lan, Ruiting aut Zhang, Li aut Enthalten in Gut pathogens London : BioMed Central, 2009 8(2016), 1 vom: 15. Sept. (DE-627)591514133 (DE-600)2478277-4 1757-4749 nnns volume:8 year:2016 number:1 day:15 month:09 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13099-016-0125-1 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 8 2016 1 15 09
spelling	10.1186/s13099-016-0125-1 doi (DE-627)SPR030254019 (SPR)s13099-016-0125-1-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Liu, Fang verfasserin aut Zonula occludens toxins and their prophages in Campylobacter species 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2016 Background We previously showed that zonula occludens toxin (Zot) encoded by Campylobacter concisus zot808T gene has the potential to initiate inflammatory bowel disease. This Zot protein caused prolonged intestinal epithelial barrier damage, induced intestinal epithelial and macrophage production of tumor necrosis factor-α and enhanced the responses of macrophages to other microbes. In order to understand the potential virulence of Zot proteins in other Campylobacter species, in this study we examined their presence, similarities, motifs and prophages. Methods The presence of Zot proteins in Campylobacter species was examined by searching for the Zot family domain in multiple protein databases. Walker A and Walker B motifs in Zot proteins were identified using protein sequence alignment. A phylogenetic tree based on Campylobacter zot genes was constructed using maximum-likelihood method. Campylobacter Zot proteins were compared using protein sequence alignment. The zot-containing prophages in Campylobacter species were identified and compared with known prophage proteins and other viral proteins using protein sequence alignment and protein BLAST. Results Twelve Zot proteins were found in nine Campylobacter species/subspecies. Among these Campylobacter species, three species had two Zot proteins and the remaining six species/subspecies had one Zot protein. Walker A and Walker B motifs and a transmembrane domain were found in all identified Campylobacter Zot proteins. The twelve Campylobacter zot genes from the nine Campylobacter species/subspecies formed two clusters. The $ Zot_{CampyType_1} $ proteins encoded by Cluster 1 Campylobacter zot genes showed high similarities to each other. However, $ Zot_{CampyType_2} $ proteins encoded by Cluster 2 Campylobacter zot genes were more diverse. Furthermore, the zot-containing Campylobacter prophages were identified. Conclusion This study reports the identification of two types of Campylobacter Zot proteins. The high similarities of $ Zot_{CampyType_1} $ proteins suggest that they are likely to have similar virulence. $ Zot_{CampyType_2} $ proteins are less similar to each other and their virulent properties, if any, remain to be examined individually. Zonula occludens toxin (Zot) (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prophage (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lee, Hoyul aut Lan, Ruiting aut Zhang, Li aut Enthalten in Gut pathogens London : BioMed Central, 2009 8(2016), 1 vom: 15. Sept. (DE-627)591514133 (DE-600)2478277-4 1757-4749 nnns volume:8 year:2016 number:1 day:15 month:09 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13099-016-0125-1 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 8 2016 1 15 09
allfields_unstemmed	10.1186/s13099-016-0125-1 doi (DE-627)SPR030254019 (SPR)s13099-016-0125-1-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Liu, Fang verfasserin aut Zonula occludens toxins and their prophages in Campylobacter species 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2016 Background We previously showed that zonula occludens toxin (Zot) encoded by Campylobacter concisus zot808T gene has the potential to initiate inflammatory bowel disease. This Zot protein caused prolonged intestinal epithelial barrier damage, induced intestinal epithelial and macrophage production of tumor necrosis factor-α and enhanced the responses of macrophages to other microbes. In order to understand the potential virulence of Zot proteins in other Campylobacter species, in this study we examined their presence, similarities, motifs and prophages. Methods The presence of Zot proteins in Campylobacter species was examined by searching for the Zot family domain in multiple protein databases. Walker A and Walker B motifs in Zot proteins were identified using protein sequence alignment. A phylogenetic tree based on Campylobacter zot genes was constructed using maximum-likelihood method. Campylobacter Zot proteins were compared using protein sequence alignment. The zot-containing prophages in Campylobacter species were identified and compared with known prophage proteins and other viral proteins using protein sequence alignment and protein BLAST. Results Twelve Zot proteins were found in nine Campylobacter species/subspecies. Among these Campylobacter species, three species had two Zot proteins and the remaining six species/subspecies had one Zot protein. Walker A and Walker B motifs and a transmembrane domain were found in all identified Campylobacter Zot proteins. The twelve Campylobacter zot genes from the nine Campylobacter species/subspecies formed two clusters. The $ Zot_{CampyType_1} $ proteins encoded by Cluster 1 Campylobacter zot genes showed high similarities to each other. However, $ Zot_{CampyType_2} $ proteins encoded by Cluster 2 Campylobacter zot genes were more diverse. Furthermore, the zot-containing Campylobacter prophages were identified. Conclusion This study reports the identification of two types of Campylobacter Zot proteins. The high similarities of $ Zot_{CampyType_1} $ proteins suggest that they are likely to have similar virulence. $ Zot_{CampyType_2} $ proteins are less similar to each other and their virulent properties, if any, remain to be examined individually. Zonula occludens toxin (Zot) (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prophage (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lee, Hoyul aut Lan, Ruiting aut Zhang, Li aut Enthalten in Gut pathogens London : BioMed Central, 2009 8(2016), 1 vom: 15. Sept. (DE-627)591514133 (DE-600)2478277-4 1757-4749 nnns volume:8 year:2016 number:1 day:15 month:09 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13099-016-0125-1 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 8 2016 1 15 09
allfieldsGer	10.1186/s13099-016-0125-1 doi (DE-627)SPR030254019 (SPR)s13099-016-0125-1-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Liu, Fang verfasserin aut Zonula occludens toxins and their prophages in Campylobacter species 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2016 Background We previously showed that zonula occludens toxin (Zot) encoded by Campylobacter concisus zot808T gene has the potential to initiate inflammatory bowel disease. This Zot protein caused prolonged intestinal epithelial barrier damage, induced intestinal epithelial and macrophage production of tumor necrosis factor-α and enhanced the responses of macrophages to other microbes. In order to understand the potential virulence of Zot proteins in other Campylobacter species, in this study we examined their presence, similarities, motifs and prophages. Methods The presence of Zot proteins in Campylobacter species was examined by searching for the Zot family domain in multiple protein databases. Walker A and Walker B motifs in Zot proteins were identified using protein sequence alignment. A phylogenetic tree based on Campylobacter zot genes was constructed using maximum-likelihood method. Campylobacter Zot proteins were compared using protein sequence alignment. The zot-containing prophages in Campylobacter species were identified and compared with known prophage proteins and other viral proteins using protein sequence alignment and protein BLAST. Results Twelve Zot proteins were found in nine Campylobacter species/subspecies. Among these Campylobacter species, three species had two Zot proteins and the remaining six species/subspecies had one Zot protein. Walker A and Walker B motifs and a transmembrane domain were found in all identified Campylobacter Zot proteins. The twelve Campylobacter zot genes from the nine Campylobacter species/subspecies formed two clusters. The $ Zot_{CampyType_1} $ proteins encoded by Cluster 1 Campylobacter zot genes showed high similarities to each other. However, $ Zot_{CampyType_2} $ proteins encoded by Cluster 2 Campylobacter zot genes were more diverse. Furthermore, the zot-containing Campylobacter prophages were identified. Conclusion This study reports the identification of two types of Campylobacter Zot proteins. The high similarities of $ Zot_{CampyType_1} $ proteins suggest that they are likely to have similar virulence. $ Zot_{CampyType_2} $ proteins are less similar to each other and their virulent properties, if any, remain to be examined individually. Zonula occludens toxin (Zot) (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prophage (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lee, Hoyul aut Lan, Ruiting aut Zhang, Li aut Enthalten in Gut pathogens London : BioMed Central, 2009 8(2016), 1 vom: 15. Sept. (DE-627)591514133 (DE-600)2478277-4 1757-4749 nnns volume:8 year:2016 number:1 day:15 month:09 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13099-016-0125-1 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 8 2016 1 15 09
allfieldsSound	10.1186/s13099-016-0125-1 doi (DE-627)SPR030254019 (SPR)s13099-016-0125-1-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Liu, Fang verfasserin aut Zonula occludens toxins and their prophages in Campylobacter species 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2016 Background We previously showed that zonula occludens toxin (Zot) encoded by Campylobacter concisus zot808T gene has the potential to initiate inflammatory bowel disease. This Zot protein caused prolonged intestinal epithelial barrier damage, induced intestinal epithelial and macrophage production of tumor necrosis factor-α and enhanced the responses of macrophages to other microbes. In order to understand the potential virulence of Zot proteins in other Campylobacter species, in this study we examined their presence, similarities, motifs and prophages. Methods The presence of Zot proteins in Campylobacter species was examined by searching for the Zot family domain in multiple protein databases. Walker A and Walker B motifs in Zot proteins were identified using protein sequence alignment. A phylogenetic tree based on Campylobacter zot genes was constructed using maximum-likelihood method. Campylobacter Zot proteins were compared using protein sequence alignment. The zot-containing prophages in Campylobacter species were identified and compared with known prophage proteins and other viral proteins using protein sequence alignment and protein BLAST. Results Twelve Zot proteins were found in nine Campylobacter species/subspecies. Among these Campylobacter species, three species had two Zot proteins and the remaining six species/subspecies had one Zot protein. Walker A and Walker B motifs and a transmembrane domain were found in all identified Campylobacter Zot proteins. The twelve Campylobacter zot genes from the nine Campylobacter species/subspecies formed two clusters. The $ Zot_{CampyType_1} $ proteins encoded by Cluster 1 Campylobacter zot genes showed high similarities to each other. However, $ Zot_{CampyType_2} $ proteins encoded by Cluster 2 Campylobacter zot genes were more diverse. Furthermore, the zot-containing Campylobacter prophages were identified. Conclusion This study reports the identification of two types of Campylobacter Zot proteins. The high similarities of $ Zot_{CampyType_1} $ proteins suggest that they are likely to have similar virulence. $ Zot_{CampyType_2} $ proteins are less similar to each other and their virulent properties, if any, remain to be examined individually. Zonula occludens toxin (Zot) (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prophage (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lee, Hoyul aut Lan, Ruiting aut Zhang, Li aut Enthalten in Gut pathogens London : BioMed Central, 2009 8(2016), 1 vom: 15. Sept. (DE-627)591514133 (DE-600)2478277-4 1757-4749 nnns volume:8 year:2016 number:1 day:15 month:09 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13099-016-0125-1 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 8 2016 1 15 09
language	English
source	Enthalten in Gut pathogens 8(2016), 1 vom: 15. Sept. volume:8 year:2016 number:1 day:15 month:09
sourceStr	Enthalten in Gut pathogens 8(2016), 1 vom: 15. Sept. volume:8 year:2016 number:1 day:15 month:09
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authorswithroles_txt_mv	Liu, Fang @@aut@@ Lee, Hoyul @@aut@@ Lan, Ruiting @@aut@@ Zhang, Li @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2016-09-15T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	591514133
id	SPR030254019
language_de	englisch
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This Zot protein caused prolonged intestinal epithelial barrier damage, induced intestinal epithelial and macrophage production of tumor necrosis factor-α and enhanced the responses of macrophages to other microbes. In order to understand the potential virulence of Zot proteins in other Campylobacter species, in this study we examined their presence, similarities, motifs and prophages. Methods The presence of Zot proteins in Campylobacter species was examined by searching for the Zot family domain in multiple protein databases. Walker A and Walker B motifs in Zot proteins were identified using protein sequence alignment. A phylogenetic tree based on Campylobacter zot genes was constructed using maximum-likelihood method. Campylobacter Zot proteins were compared using protein sequence alignment. The zot-containing prophages in Campylobacter species were identified and compared with known prophage proteins and other viral proteins using protein sequence alignment and protein BLAST. 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title	Zonula occludens toxins and their prophages in Campylobacter species
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title_full	Zonula occludens toxins and their prophages in Campylobacter species
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title_sort	zonula occludens toxins and their prophages in campylobacter species
title_auth	Zonula occludens toxins and their prophages in Campylobacter species
abstract	Background We previously showed that zonula occludens toxin (Zot) encoded by Campylobacter concisus zot808T gene has the potential to initiate inflammatory bowel disease. This Zot protein caused prolonged intestinal epithelial barrier damage, induced intestinal epithelial and macrophage production of tumor necrosis factor-α and enhanced the responses of macrophages to other microbes. In order to understand the potential virulence of Zot proteins in other Campylobacter species, in this study we examined their presence, similarities, motifs and prophages. Methods The presence of Zot proteins in Campylobacter species was examined by searching for the Zot family domain in multiple protein databases. Walker A and Walker B motifs in Zot proteins were identified using protein sequence alignment. A phylogenetic tree based on Campylobacter zot genes was constructed using maximum-likelihood method. Campylobacter Zot proteins were compared using protein sequence alignment. The zot-containing prophages in Campylobacter species were identified and compared with known prophage proteins and other viral proteins using protein sequence alignment and protein BLAST. Results Twelve Zot proteins were found in nine Campylobacter species/subspecies. Among these Campylobacter species, three species had two Zot proteins and the remaining six species/subspecies had one Zot protein. Walker A and Walker B motifs and a transmembrane domain were found in all identified Campylobacter Zot proteins. The twelve Campylobacter zot genes from the nine Campylobacter species/subspecies formed two clusters. The $ Zot_{CampyType_1} $ proteins encoded by Cluster 1 Campylobacter zot genes showed high similarities to each other. However, $ Zot_{CampyType_2} $ proteins encoded by Cluster 2 Campylobacter zot genes were more diverse. Furthermore, the zot-containing Campylobacter prophages were identified. Conclusion This study reports the identification of two types of Campylobacter Zot proteins. The high similarities of $ Zot_{CampyType_1} $ proteins suggest that they are likely to have similar virulence. $ Zot_{CampyType_2} $ proteins are less similar to each other and their virulent properties, if any, remain to be examined individually. © The Author(s) 2016
abstractGer	Background We previously showed that zonula occludens toxin (Zot) encoded by Campylobacter concisus zot808T gene has the potential to initiate inflammatory bowel disease. This Zot protein caused prolonged intestinal epithelial barrier damage, induced intestinal epithelial and macrophage production of tumor necrosis factor-α and enhanced the responses of macrophages to other microbes. In order to understand the potential virulence of Zot proteins in other Campylobacter species, in this study we examined their presence, similarities, motifs and prophages. Methods The presence of Zot proteins in Campylobacter species was examined by searching for the Zot family domain in multiple protein databases. Walker A and Walker B motifs in Zot proteins were identified using protein sequence alignment. A phylogenetic tree based on Campylobacter zot genes was constructed using maximum-likelihood method. Campylobacter Zot proteins were compared using protein sequence alignment. The zot-containing prophages in Campylobacter species were identified and compared with known prophage proteins and other viral proteins using protein sequence alignment and protein BLAST. Results Twelve Zot proteins were found in nine Campylobacter species/subspecies. Among these Campylobacter species, three species had two Zot proteins and the remaining six species/subspecies had one Zot protein. Walker A and Walker B motifs and a transmembrane domain were found in all identified Campylobacter Zot proteins. The twelve Campylobacter zot genes from the nine Campylobacter species/subspecies formed two clusters. The $ Zot_{CampyType_1} $ proteins encoded by Cluster 1 Campylobacter zot genes showed high similarities to each other. However, $ Zot_{CampyType_2} $ proteins encoded by Cluster 2 Campylobacter zot genes were more diverse. Furthermore, the zot-containing Campylobacter prophages were identified. Conclusion This study reports the identification of two types of Campylobacter Zot proteins. The high similarities of $ Zot_{CampyType_1} $ proteins suggest that they are likely to have similar virulence. $ Zot_{CampyType_2} $ proteins are less similar to each other and their virulent properties, if any, remain to be examined individually. © The Author(s) 2016
abstract_unstemmed	Background We previously showed that zonula occludens toxin (Zot) encoded by Campylobacter concisus zot808T gene has the potential to initiate inflammatory bowel disease. This Zot protein caused prolonged intestinal epithelial barrier damage, induced intestinal epithelial and macrophage production of tumor necrosis factor-α and enhanced the responses of macrophages to other microbes. In order to understand the potential virulence of Zot proteins in other Campylobacter species, in this study we examined their presence, similarities, motifs and prophages. Methods The presence of Zot proteins in Campylobacter species was examined by searching for the Zot family domain in multiple protein databases. Walker A and Walker B motifs in Zot proteins were identified using protein sequence alignment. A phylogenetic tree based on Campylobacter zot genes was constructed using maximum-likelihood method. Campylobacter Zot proteins were compared using protein sequence alignment. The zot-containing prophages in Campylobacter species were identified and compared with known prophage proteins and other viral proteins using protein sequence alignment and protein BLAST. Results Twelve Zot proteins were found in nine Campylobacter species/subspecies. Among these Campylobacter species, three species had two Zot proteins and the remaining six species/subspecies had one Zot protein. Walker A and Walker B motifs and a transmembrane domain were found in all identified Campylobacter Zot proteins. The twelve Campylobacter zot genes from the nine Campylobacter species/subspecies formed two clusters. The $ Zot_{CampyType_1} $ proteins encoded by Cluster 1 Campylobacter zot genes showed high similarities to each other. However, $ Zot_{CampyType_2} $ proteins encoded by Cluster 2 Campylobacter zot genes were more diverse. Furthermore, the zot-containing Campylobacter prophages were identified. Conclusion This study reports the identification of two types of Campylobacter Zot proteins. The high similarities of $ Zot_{CampyType_1} $ proteins suggest that they are likely to have similar virulence. $ Zot_{CampyType_2} $ proteins are less similar to each other and their virulent properties, if any, remain to be examined individually. © The Author(s) 2016
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title_short	Zonula occludens toxins and their prophages in Campylobacter species
url	https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13099-016-0125-1
remote_bool	true
author2	Lee, Hoyul Lan, Ruiting Zhang, Li
author2Str	Lee, Hoyul Lan, Ruiting Zhang, Li
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doi_str	10.1186/s13099-016-0125-1
up_date	2024-07-03T14:58:43.979Z
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