Electromyographic analysis of the three subdivisions of gluteus medius during weight-bearing exercises
Background Gluteus medius (GM) dysfunction is associated with many musculoskeletal disorders. Rehabilitation exercises aimed at strengthening GM appear to improve lower limb kinematics and reduce pain. However, there is a lack of evidence to identify which exercises best activate GM. In particular,...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
O'Sullivan, Kieran [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2010 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Anmerkung: |
© O'Sullivan et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2010 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation - London : BioMed Central, 2013, 2(2010), 1 vom: 12. Juli |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:2 ; year:2010 ; number:1 ; day:12 ; month:07 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1186/1758-2555-2-17 |
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| Katalog-ID: |
SPR030260922 |
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| 520 | |a Background Gluteus medius (GM) dysfunction is associated with many musculoskeletal disorders. Rehabilitation exercises aimed at strengthening GM appear to improve lower limb kinematics and reduce pain. However, there is a lack of evidence to identify which exercises best activate GM. In particular, as GM consists of three distinct subdivisions, it is unclear if GM activation is consistent across these subdivisions during exercise. The aim of this study was to determine the activation of the anterior, middle and posterior subdivisions of GM during weight-bearing exercises. Methods A single session, repeated-measures design. The activity of each GM subdivision was measured in 15 pain-free subjects using surface electromyography (sEMG) during three weight-bearing exercises; wall squat (WS), pelvic drop (PD) and wall press (WP). Muscle activity was expressed relative to maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Differences in muscle activation were determined using one-way repeated measures ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni analysis. Results The activation of each GM subdivision during the exercises was significantly different (interaction effect; p < 0.001). There were also significant main effects for muscle subdivision (p < 0.001) and for exercise (p < 0.001). The exercises were progressively more demanding from WS to PD to WP. The exercises caused significantly greater activation of the middle and posterior subdivisions than the anterior subdivision, with the WP significantly increasing the activation of the posterior subdivision (all p < 0.05). Discussion Posterior GM displayed higher activation across all three exercises than both anterior and middle GM. The WP produced the highest %MVIC activation for all GM subdivisions, and this was most pronounced for posterior GM. Clinicians may use these results to effectively progress strengthening exercises for GM in the rehabilitation of lower extremity injuries. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Wall Press |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Gluteus Medius |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Lower Limb Injury |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Smith, Sharon M |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sainsbury, David |4 aut | |
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10.1186/1758-2555-2-17 doi (DE-627)SPR030260922 (SPR)1758-2555-2-17-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng O'Sullivan, Kieran verfasserin aut Electromyographic analysis of the three subdivisions of gluteus medius during weight-bearing exercises 2010 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © O'Sullivan et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2010 Background Gluteus medius (GM) dysfunction is associated with many musculoskeletal disorders. Rehabilitation exercises aimed at strengthening GM appear to improve lower limb kinematics and reduce pain. However, there is a lack of evidence to identify which exercises best activate GM. In particular, as GM consists of three distinct subdivisions, it is unclear if GM activation is consistent across these subdivisions during exercise. The aim of this study was to determine the activation of the anterior, middle and posterior subdivisions of GM during weight-bearing exercises. Methods A single session, repeated-measures design. The activity of each GM subdivision was measured in 15 pain-free subjects using surface electromyography (sEMG) during three weight-bearing exercises; wall squat (WS), pelvic drop (PD) and wall press (WP). Muscle activity was expressed relative to maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Differences in muscle activation were determined using one-way repeated measures ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni analysis. Results The activation of each GM subdivision during the exercises was significantly different (interaction effect; p < 0.001). There were also significant main effects for muscle subdivision (p < 0.001) and for exercise (p < 0.001). The exercises were progressively more demanding from WS to PD to WP. The exercises caused significantly greater activation of the middle and posterior subdivisions than the anterior subdivision, with the WP significantly increasing the activation of the posterior subdivision (all p < 0.05). Discussion Posterior GM displayed higher activation across all three exercises than both anterior and middle GM. The WP produced the highest %MVIC activation for all GM subdivisions, and this was most pronounced for posterior GM. Clinicians may use these results to effectively progress strengthening exercises for GM in the rehabilitation of lower extremity injuries. Wall Press (dpeaa)DE-He213 Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction (dpeaa)DE-He213 Gluteus Medius (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lower Limb Injury (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tensor Fascia Lata (dpeaa)DE-He213 Smith, Sharon M aut Sainsbury, David aut Enthalten in BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation London : BioMed Central, 2013 2(2010), 1 vom: 12. Juli (DE-627)749504323 (DE-600)2719537-5 2052-1847 nnns volume:2 year:2010 number:1 day:12 month:07 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1758-2555-2-17 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 AR 2 2010 1 12 07 |
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10.1186/1758-2555-2-17 doi (DE-627)SPR030260922 (SPR)1758-2555-2-17-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng O'Sullivan, Kieran verfasserin aut Electromyographic analysis of the three subdivisions of gluteus medius during weight-bearing exercises 2010 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © O'Sullivan et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2010 Background Gluteus medius (GM) dysfunction is associated with many musculoskeletal disorders. Rehabilitation exercises aimed at strengthening GM appear to improve lower limb kinematics and reduce pain. However, there is a lack of evidence to identify which exercises best activate GM. In particular, as GM consists of three distinct subdivisions, it is unclear if GM activation is consistent across these subdivisions during exercise. The aim of this study was to determine the activation of the anterior, middle and posterior subdivisions of GM during weight-bearing exercises. Methods A single session, repeated-measures design. The activity of each GM subdivision was measured in 15 pain-free subjects using surface electromyography (sEMG) during three weight-bearing exercises; wall squat (WS), pelvic drop (PD) and wall press (WP). Muscle activity was expressed relative to maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Differences in muscle activation were determined using one-way repeated measures ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni analysis. Results The activation of each GM subdivision during the exercises was significantly different (interaction effect; p < 0.001). There were also significant main effects for muscle subdivision (p < 0.001) and for exercise (p < 0.001). The exercises were progressively more demanding from WS to PD to WP. The exercises caused significantly greater activation of the middle and posterior subdivisions than the anterior subdivision, with the WP significantly increasing the activation of the posterior subdivision (all p < 0.05). Discussion Posterior GM displayed higher activation across all three exercises than both anterior and middle GM. The WP produced the highest %MVIC activation for all GM subdivisions, and this was most pronounced for posterior GM. Clinicians may use these results to effectively progress strengthening exercises for GM in the rehabilitation of lower extremity injuries. Wall Press (dpeaa)DE-He213 Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction (dpeaa)DE-He213 Gluteus Medius (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lower Limb Injury (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tensor Fascia Lata (dpeaa)DE-He213 Smith, Sharon M aut Sainsbury, David aut Enthalten in BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation London : BioMed Central, 2013 2(2010), 1 vom: 12. Juli (DE-627)749504323 (DE-600)2719537-5 2052-1847 nnns volume:2 year:2010 number:1 day:12 month:07 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1758-2555-2-17 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 AR 2 2010 1 12 07 |
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10.1186/1758-2555-2-17 doi (DE-627)SPR030260922 (SPR)1758-2555-2-17-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng O'Sullivan, Kieran verfasserin aut Electromyographic analysis of the three subdivisions of gluteus medius during weight-bearing exercises 2010 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © O'Sullivan et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2010 Background Gluteus medius (GM) dysfunction is associated with many musculoskeletal disorders. Rehabilitation exercises aimed at strengthening GM appear to improve lower limb kinematics and reduce pain. However, there is a lack of evidence to identify which exercises best activate GM. In particular, as GM consists of three distinct subdivisions, it is unclear if GM activation is consistent across these subdivisions during exercise. The aim of this study was to determine the activation of the anterior, middle and posterior subdivisions of GM during weight-bearing exercises. Methods A single session, repeated-measures design. The activity of each GM subdivision was measured in 15 pain-free subjects using surface electromyography (sEMG) during three weight-bearing exercises; wall squat (WS), pelvic drop (PD) and wall press (WP). Muscle activity was expressed relative to maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Differences in muscle activation were determined using one-way repeated measures ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni analysis. Results The activation of each GM subdivision during the exercises was significantly different (interaction effect; p < 0.001). There were also significant main effects for muscle subdivision (p < 0.001) and for exercise (p < 0.001). The exercises were progressively more demanding from WS to PD to WP. The exercises caused significantly greater activation of the middle and posterior subdivisions than the anterior subdivision, with the WP significantly increasing the activation of the posterior subdivision (all p < 0.05). Discussion Posterior GM displayed higher activation across all three exercises than both anterior and middle GM. The WP produced the highest %MVIC activation for all GM subdivisions, and this was most pronounced for posterior GM. Clinicians may use these results to effectively progress strengthening exercises for GM in the rehabilitation of lower extremity injuries. Wall Press (dpeaa)DE-He213 Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction (dpeaa)DE-He213 Gluteus Medius (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lower Limb Injury (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tensor Fascia Lata (dpeaa)DE-He213 Smith, Sharon M aut Sainsbury, David aut Enthalten in BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation London : BioMed Central, 2013 2(2010), 1 vom: 12. Juli (DE-627)749504323 (DE-600)2719537-5 2052-1847 nnns volume:2 year:2010 number:1 day:12 month:07 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1758-2555-2-17 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 AR 2 2010 1 12 07 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.1186/1758-2555-2-17 doi (DE-627)SPR030260922 (SPR)1758-2555-2-17-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng O'Sullivan, Kieran verfasserin aut Electromyographic analysis of the three subdivisions of gluteus medius during weight-bearing exercises 2010 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © O'Sullivan et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2010 Background Gluteus medius (GM) dysfunction is associated with many musculoskeletal disorders. Rehabilitation exercises aimed at strengthening GM appear to improve lower limb kinematics and reduce pain. However, there is a lack of evidence to identify which exercises best activate GM. In particular, as GM consists of three distinct subdivisions, it is unclear if GM activation is consistent across these subdivisions during exercise. The aim of this study was to determine the activation of the anterior, middle and posterior subdivisions of GM during weight-bearing exercises. Methods A single session, repeated-measures design. The activity of each GM subdivision was measured in 15 pain-free subjects using surface electromyography (sEMG) during three weight-bearing exercises; wall squat (WS), pelvic drop (PD) and wall press (WP). Muscle activity was expressed relative to maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Differences in muscle activation were determined using one-way repeated measures ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni analysis. Results The activation of each GM subdivision during the exercises was significantly different (interaction effect; p < 0.001). There were also significant main effects for muscle subdivision (p < 0.001) and for exercise (p < 0.001). The exercises were progressively more demanding from WS to PD to WP. The exercises caused significantly greater activation of the middle and posterior subdivisions than the anterior subdivision, with the WP significantly increasing the activation of the posterior subdivision (all p < 0.05). Discussion Posterior GM displayed higher activation across all three exercises than both anterior and middle GM. The WP produced the highest %MVIC activation for all GM subdivisions, and this was most pronounced for posterior GM. Clinicians may use these results to effectively progress strengthening exercises for GM in the rehabilitation of lower extremity injuries. Wall Press (dpeaa)DE-He213 Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction (dpeaa)DE-He213 Gluteus Medius (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lower Limb Injury (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tensor Fascia Lata (dpeaa)DE-He213 Smith, Sharon M aut Sainsbury, David aut Enthalten in BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation London : BioMed Central, 2013 2(2010), 1 vom: 12. Juli (DE-627)749504323 (DE-600)2719537-5 2052-1847 nnns volume:2 year:2010 number:1 day:12 month:07 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1758-2555-2-17 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 AR 2 2010 1 12 07 |
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10.1186/1758-2555-2-17 doi (DE-627)SPR030260922 (SPR)1758-2555-2-17-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng O'Sullivan, Kieran verfasserin aut Electromyographic analysis of the three subdivisions of gluteus medius during weight-bearing exercises 2010 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © O'Sullivan et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2010 Background Gluteus medius (GM) dysfunction is associated with many musculoskeletal disorders. Rehabilitation exercises aimed at strengthening GM appear to improve lower limb kinematics and reduce pain. However, there is a lack of evidence to identify which exercises best activate GM. In particular, as GM consists of three distinct subdivisions, it is unclear if GM activation is consistent across these subdivisions during exercise. The aim of this study was to determine the activation of the anterior, middle and posterior subdivisions of GM during weight-bearing exercises. Methods A single session, repeated-measures design. The activity of each GM subdivision was measured in 15 pain-free subjects using surface electromyography (sEMG) during three weight-bearing exercises; wall squat (WS), pelvic drop (PD) and wall press (WP). Muscle activity was expressed relative to maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Differences in muscle activation were determined using one-way repeated measures ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni analysis. Results The activation of each GM subdivision during the exercises was significantly different (interaction effect; p < 0.001). There were also significant main effects for muscle subdivision (p < 0.001) and for exercise (p < 0.001). The exercises were progressively more demanding from WS to PD to WP. The exercises caused significantly greater activation of the middle and posterior subdivisions than the anterior subdivision, with the WP significantly increasing the activation of the posterior subdivision (all p < 0.05). Discussion Posterior GM displayed higher activation across all three exercises than both anterior and middle GM. The WP produced the highest %MVIC activation for all GM subdivisions, and this was most pronounced for posterior GM. Clinicians may use these results to effectively progress strengthening exercises for GM in the rehabilitation of lower extremity injuries. Wall Press (dpeaa)DE-He213 Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction (dpeaa)DE-He213 Gluteus Medius (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lower Limb Injury (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tensor Fascia Lata (dpeaa)DE-He213 Smith, Sharon M aut Sainsbury, David aut Enthalten in BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation London : BioMed Central, 2013 2(2010), 1 vom: 12. Juli (DE-627)749504323 (DE-600)2719537-5 2052-1847 nnns volume:2 year:2010 number:1 day:12 month:07 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1758-2555-2-17 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 AR 2 2010 1 12 07 |
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Results The activation of each GM subdivision during the exercises was significantly different (interaction effect; p < 0.001). There were also significant main effects for muscle subdivision (p < 0.001) and for exercise (p < 0.001). The exercises were progressively more demanding from WS to PD to WP. The exercises caused significantly greater activation of the middle and posterior subdivisions than the anterior subdivision, with the WP significantly increasing the activation of the posterior subdivision (all p < 0.05). Discussion Posterior GM displayed higher activation across all three exercises than both anterior and middle GM. The WP produced the highest %MVIC activation for all GM subdivisions, and this was most pronounced for posterior GM. 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Electromyographic analysis of the three subdivisions of gluteus medius during weight-bearing exercises Wall Press (dpeaa)DE-He213 Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction (dpeaa)DE-He213 Gluteus Medius (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lower Limb Injury (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tensor Fascia Lata (dpeaa)DE-He213 |
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electromyographic analysis of the three subdivisions of gluteus medius during weight-bearing exercises |
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Electromyographic analysis of the three subdivisions of gluteus medius during weight-bearing exercises |
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Background Gluteus medius (GM) dysfunction is associated with many musculoskeletal disorders. Rehabilitation exercises aimed at strengthening GM appear to improve lower limb kinematics and reduce pain. However, there is a lack of evidence to identify which exercises best activate GM. In particular, as GM consists of three distinct subdivisions, it is unclear if GM activation is consistent across these subdivisions during exercise. The aim of this study was to determine the activation of the anterior, middle and posterior subdivisions of GM during weight-bearing exercises. Methods A single session, repeated-measures design. The activity of each GM subdivision was measured in 15 pain-free subjects using surface electromyography (sEMG) during three weight-bearing exercises; wall squat (WS), pelvic drop (PD) and wall press (WP). Muscle activity was expressed relative to maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Differences in muscle activation were determined using one-way repeated measures ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni analysis. Results The activation of each GM subdivision during the exercises was significantly different (interaction effect; p < 0.001). There were also significant main effects for muscle subdivision (p < 0.001) and for exercise (p < 0.001). The exercises were progressively more demanding from WS to PD to WP. The exercises caused significantly greater activation of the middle and posterior subdivisions than the anterior subdivision, with the WP significantly increasing the activation of the posterior subdivision (all p < 0.05). Discussion Posterior GM displayed higher activation across all three exercises than both anterior and middle GM. The WP produced the highest %MVIC activation for all GM subdivisions, and this was most pronounced for posterior GM. Clinicians may use these results to effectively progress strengthening exercises for GM in the rehabilitation of lower extremity injuries. © O'Sullivan et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2010 |
| abstractGer |
Background Gluteus medius (GM) dysfunction is associated with many musculoskeletal disorders. Rehabilitation exercises aimed at strengthening GM appear to improve lower limb kinematics and reduce pain. However, there is a lack of evidence to identify which exercises best activate GM. In particular, as GM consists of three distinct subdivisions, it is unclear if GM activation is consistent across these subdivisions during exercise. The aim of this study was to determine the activation of the anterior, middle and posterior subdivisions of GM during weight-bearing exercises. Methods A single session, repeated-measures design. The activity of each GM subdivision was measured in 15 pain-free subjects using surface electromyography (sEMG) during three weight-bearing exercises; wall squat (WS), pelvic drop (PD) and wall press (WP). Muscle activity was expressed relative to maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Differences in muscle activation were determined using one-way repeated measures ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni analysis. Results The activation of each GM subdivision during the exercises was significantly different (interaction effect; p < 0.001). There were also significant main effects for muscle subdivision (p < 0.001) and for exercise (p < 0.001). The exercises were progressively more demanding from WS to PD to WP. The exercises caused significantly greater activation of the middle and posterior subdivisions than the anterior subdivision, with the WP significantly increasing the activation of the posterior subdivision (all p < 0.05). Discussion Posterior GM displayed higher activation across all three exercises than both anterior and middle GM. The WP produced the highest %MVIC activation for all GM subdivisions, and this was most pronounced for posterior GM. Clinicians may use these results to effectively progress strengthening exercises for GM in the rehabilitation of lower extremity injuries. © O'Sullivan et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2010 |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Background Gluteus medius (GM) dysfunction is associated with many musculoskeletal disorders. Rehabilitation exercises aimed at strengthening GM appear to improve lower limb kinematics and reduce pain. However, there is a lack of evidence to identify which exercises best activate GM. In particular, as GM consists of three distinct subdivisions, it is unclear if GM activation is consistent across these subdivisions during exercise. The aim of this study was to determine the activation of the anterior, middle and posterior subdivisions of GM during weight-bearing exercises. Methods A single session, repeated-measures design. The activity of each GM subdivision was measured in 15 pain-free subjects using surface electromyography (sEMG) during three weight-bearing exercises; wall squat (WS), pelvic drop (PD) and wall press (WP). Muscle activity was expressed relative to maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Differences in muscle activation were determined using one-way repeated measures ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni analysis. Results The activation of each GM subdivision during the exercises was significantly different (interaction effect; p < 0.001). There were also significant main effects for muscle subdivision (p < 0.001) and for exercise (p < 0.001). The exercises were progressively more demanding from WS to PD to WP. The exercises caused significantly greater activation of the middle and posterior subdivisions than the anterior subdivision, with the WP significantly increasing the activation of the posterior subdivision (all p < 0.05). Discussion Posterior GM displayed higher activation across all three exercises than both anterior and middle GM. The WP produced the highest %MVIC activation for all GM subdivisions, and this was most pronounced for posterior GM. Clinicians may use these results to effectively progress strengthening exercises for GM in the rehabilitation of lower extremity injuries. © O'Sullivan et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2010 |
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