Pituitary apoplexy: an update on clinical and imaging features

Abstract Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a rare and potentially fatal clinical condition presenting acute headache, vomiting, visual impairment, ophthalmoplegia, altered mental state and possible panhypopituitarism. It mostly occurs in patients with haemorrhagic infarction of the pituitary gland due to a...
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Autor*in:	Boellis, Alessandro [verfasserIn] di Napoli, Alberto Romano, Andrea Bozzao, Alessandro

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2014

Schlagwörter:	Pituitary apoplexy Pituitary adenoma MRI Pituitary haemorrhage Macroadenoma

Anmerkung:	© The Author(s) 2014

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Insights into imaging - Berlin : Springer, 2010, 5(2014), 6 vom: 16. Okt., Seite 753-762
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:5 ; year:2014 ; number:6 ; day:16 ; month:10 ; pages:753-762

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1007/s13244-014-0362-0

Katalog-ID:	SPR031003486

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520			\|a Abstract Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a rare and potentially fatal clinical condition presenting acute headache, vomiting, visual impairment, ophthalmoplegia, altered mental state and possible panhypopituitarism. It mostly occurs in patients with haemorrhagic infarction of the pituitary gland due to a pre-existing macroadenoma. Although there are pathological and physiological conditions that may share similar imaging characteristics, both clinical and imaging features can guide the radiologist towards the correct diagnosis, especially using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this review, we will describe the main clinical and epidemiological features of PA, illustrating CT and MRI findings and discussing the role of imaging in the differential diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up. Teaching points • Headache, ophtalmoplegia and visual impairment are frequent symptoms of pituitary apoplexy. • CT is often the first imaging tool in PA, showing areas of hyperdensity within the sellar region. • MRI could confirm haemorrhage within the pituitary gland and compression on the optic chiasm. • Frequent simulating conditions are aneurysms, Rathke cleft cysts, craniopharingioma and mucocele. • The role of imaging is still debated and needs more studies.
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allfields	10.1007/s13244-014-0362-0 doi (DE-627)SPR031003486 (SPR)s13244-014-0362-0-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Boellis, Alessandro verfasserin aut Pituitary apoplexy: an update on clinical and imaging features 2014 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2014 Abstract Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a rare and potentially fatal clinical condition presenting acute headache, vomiting, visual impairment, ophthalmoplegia, altered mental state and possible panhypopituitarism. It mostly occurs in patients with haemorrhagic infarction of the pituitary gland due to a pre-existing macroadenoma. Although there are pathological and physiological conditions that may share similar imaging characteristics, both clinical and imaging features can guide the radiologist towards the correct diagnosis, especially using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this review, we will describe the main clinical and epidemiological features of PA, illustrating CT and MRI findings and discussing the role of imaging in the differential diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up. Teaching points • Headache, ophtalmoplegia and visual impairment are frequent symptoms of pituitary apoplexy. • CT is often the first imaging tool in PA, showing areas of hyperdensity within the sellar region. • MRI could confirm haemorrhage within the pituitary gland and compression on the optic chiasm. • Frequent simulating conditions are aneurysms, Rathke cleft cysts, craniopharingioma and mucocele. • The role of imaging is still debated and needs more studies. Pituitary apoplexy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pituitary adenoma (dpeaa)DE-He213 MRI (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pituitary haemorrhage (dpeaa)DE-He213 Macroadenoma (dpeaa)DE-He213 di Napoli, Alberto aut Romano, Andrea aut Bozzao, Alessandro aut Enthalten in Insights into imaging Berlin : Springer, 2010 5(2014), 6 vom: 16. Okt., Seite 753-762 (DE-627)621547425 (DE-600)2543323-4 1869-4101 nnns volume:5 year:2014 number:6 day:16 month:10 pages:753-762 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13244-014-0362-0 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4277 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2014 6 16 10 753-762
spelling	10.1007/s13244-014-0362-0 doi (DE-627)SPR031003486 (SPR)s13244-014-0362-0-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Boellis, Alessandro verfasserin aut Pituitary apoplexy: an update on clinical and imaging features 2014 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2014 Abstract Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a rare and potentially fatal clinical condition presenting acute headache, vomiting, visual impairment, ophthalmoplegia, altered mental state and possible panhypopituitarism. It mostly occurs in patients with haemorrhagic infarction of the pituitary gland due to a pre-existing macroadenoma. Although there are pathological and physiological conditions that may share similar imaging characteristics, both clinical and imaging features can guide the radiologist towards the correct diagnosis, especially using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this review, we will describe the main clinical and epidemiological features of PA, illustrating CT and MRI findings and discussing the role of imaging in the differential diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up. Teaching points • Headache, ophtalmoplegia and visual impairment are frequent symptoms of pituitary apoplexy. • CT is often the first imaging tool in PA, showing areas of hyperdensity within the sellar region. • MRI could confirm haemorrhage within the pituitary gland and compression on the optic chiasm. • Frequent simulating conditions are aneurysms, Rathke cleft cysts, craniopharingioma and mucocele. • The role of imaging is still debated and needs more studies. Pituitary apoplexy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pituitary adenoma (dpeaa)DE-He213 MRI (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pituitary haemorrhage (dpeaa)DE-He213 Macroadenoma (dpeaa)DE-He213 di Napoli, Alberto aut Romano, Andrea aut Bozzao, Alessandro aut Enthalten in Insights into imaging Berlin : Springer, 2010 5(2014), 6 vom: 16. Okt., Seite 753-762 (DE-627)621547425 (DE-600)2543323-4 1869-4101 nnns volume:5 year:2014 number:6 day:16 month:10 pages:753-762 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13244-014-0362-0 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4277 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2014 6 16 10 753-762
allfields_unstemmed	10.1007/s13244-014-0362-0 doi (DE-627)SPR031003486 (SPR)s13244-014-0362-0-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Boellis, Alessandro verfasserin aut Pituitary apoplexy: an update on clinical and imaging features 2014 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2014 Abstract Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a rare and potentially fatal clinical condition presenting acute headache, vomiting, visual impairment, ophthalmoplegia, altered mental state and possible panhypopituitarism. It mostly occurs in patients with haemorrhagic infarction of the pituitary gland due to a pre-existing macroadenoma. Although there are pathological and physiological conditions that may share similar imaging characteristics, both clinical and imaging features can guide the radiologist towards the correct diagnosis, especially using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this review, we will describe the main clinical and epidemiological features of PA, illustrating CT and MRI findings and discussing the role of imaging in the differential diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up. Teaching points • Headache, ophtalmoplegia and visual impairment are frequent symptoms of pituitary apoplexy. • CT is often the first imaging tool in PA, showing areas of hyperdensity within the sellar region. • MRI could confirm haemorrhage within the pituitary gland and compression on the optic chiasm. • Frequent simulating conditions are aneurysms, Rathke cleft cysts, craniopharingioma and mucocele. • The role of imaging is still debated and needs more studies. Pituitary apoplexy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pituitary adenoma (dpeaa)DE-He213 MRI (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pituitary haemorrhage (dpeaa)DE-He213 Macroadenoma (dpeaa)DE-He213 di Napoli, Alberto aut Romano, Andrea aut Bozzao, Alessandro aut Enthalten in Insights into imaging Berlin : Springer, 2010 5(2014), 6 vom: 16. Okt., Seite 753-762 (DE-627)621547425 (DE-600)2543323-4 1869-4101 nnns volume:5 year:2014 number:6 day:16 month:10 pages:753-762 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13244-014-0362-0 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4277 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2014 6 16 10 753-762
allfieldsGer	10.1007/s13244-014-0362-0 doi (DE-627)SPR031003486 (SPR)s13244-014-0362-0-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Boellis, Alessandro verfasserin aut Pituitary apoplexy: an update on clinical and imaging features 2014 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2014 Abstract Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a rare and potentially fatal clinical condition presenting acute headache, vomiting, visual impairment, ophthalmoplegia, altered mental state and possible panhypopituitarism. It mostly occurs in patients with haemorrhagic infarction of the pituitary gland due to a pre-existing macroadenoma. Although there are pathological and physiological conditions that may share similar imaging characteristics, both clinical and imaging features can guide the radiologist towards the correct diagnosis, especially using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this review, we will describe the main clinical and epidemiological features of PA, illustrating CT and MRI findings and discussing the role of imaging in the differential diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up. Teaching points • Headache, ophtalmoplegia and visual impairment are frequent symptoms of pituitary apoplexy. • CT is often the first imaging tool in PA, showing areas of hyperdensity within the sellar region. • MRI could confirm haemorrhage within the pituitary gland and compression on the optic chiasm. • Frequent simulating conditions are aneurysms, Rathke cleft cysts, craniopharingioma and mucocele. • The role of imaging is still debated and needs more studies. Pituitary apoplexy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pituitary adenoma (dpeaa)DE-He213 MRI (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pituitary haemorrhage (dpeaa)DE-He213 Macroadenoma (dpeaa)DE-He213 di Napoli, Alberto aut Romano, Andrea aut Bozzao, Alessandro aut Enthalten in Insights into imaging Berlin : Springer, 2010 5(2014), 6 vom: 16. Okt., Seite 753-762 (DE-627)621547425 (DE-600)2543323-4 1869-4101 nnns volume:5 year:2014 number:6 day:16 month:10 pages:753-762 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13244-014-0362-0 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4277 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2014 6 16 10 753-762
allfieldsSound	10.1007/s13244-014-0362-0 doi (DE-627)SPR031003486 (SPR)s13244-014-0362-0-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Boellis, Alessandro verfasserin aut Pituitary apoplexy: an update on clinical and imaging features 2014 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2014 Abstract Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a rare and potentially fatal clinical condition presenting acute headache, vomiting, visual impairment, ophthalmoplegia, altered mental state and possible panhypopituitarism. It mostly occurs in patients with haemorrhagic infarction of the pituitary gland due to a pre-existing macroadenoma. Although there are pathological and physiological conditions that may share similar imaging characteristics, both clinical and imaging features can guide the radiologist towards the correct diagnosis, especially using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this review, we will describe the main clinical and epidemiological features of PA, illustrating CT and MRI findings and discussing the role of imaging in the differential diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up. Teaching points • Headache, ophtalmoplegia and visual impairment are frequent symptoms of pituitary apoplexy. • CT is often the first imaging tool in PA, showing areas of hyperdensity within the sellar region. • MRI could confirm haemorrhage within the pituitary gland and compression on the optic chiasm. • Frequent simulating conditions are aneurysms, Rathke cleft cysts, craniopharingioma and mucocele. • The role of imaging is still debated and needs more studies. Pituitary apoplexy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pituitary adenoma (dpeaa)DE-He213 MRI (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pituitary haemorrhage (dpeaa)DE-He213 Macroadenoma (dpeaa)DE-He213 di Napoli, Alberto aut Romano, Andrea aut Bozzao, Alessandro aut Enthalten in Insights into imaging Berlin : Springer, 2010 5(2014), 6 vom: 16. Okt., Seite 753-762 (DE-627)621547425 (DE-600)2543323-4 1869-4101 nnns volume:5 year:2014 number:6 day:16 month:10 pages:753-762 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13244-014-0362-0 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4277 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2014 6 16 10 753-762
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topic_facet	Pituitary apoplexy Pituitary adenoma MRI Pituitary haemorrhage Macroadenoma
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author	Boellis, Alessandro
spellingShingle	Boellis, Alessandro misc Pituitary apoplexy misc Pituitary adenoma misc MRI misc Pituitary haemorrhage misc Macroadenoma Pituitary apoplexy: an update on clinical and imaging features
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topic_title	Pituitary apoplexy: an update on clinical and imaging features Pituitary apoplexy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pituitary adenoma (dpeaa)DE-He213 MRI (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pituitary haemorrhage (dpeaa)DE-He213 Macroadenoma (dpeaa)DE-He213
topic	misc Pituitary apoplexy misc Pituitary adenoma misc MRI misc Pituitary haemorrhage misc Macroadenoma
topic_unstemmed	misc Pituitary apoplexy misc Pituitary adenoma misc MRI misc Pituitary haemorrhage misc Macroadenoma
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title	Pituitary apoplexy: an update on clinical and imaging features
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title_full	Pituitary apoplexy: an update on clinical and imaging features
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author_browse	Boellis, Alessandro di Napoli, Alberto Romano, Andrea Bozzao, Alessandro
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title_sort	pituitary apoplexy: an update on clinical and imaging features
title_auth	Pituitary apoplexy: an update on clinical and imaging features
abstract	Abstract Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a rare and potentially fatal clinical condition presenting acute headache, vomiting, visual impairment, ophthalmoplegia, altered mental state and possible panhypopituitarism. It mostly occurs in patients with haemorrhagic infarction of the pituitary gland due to a pre-existing macroadenoma. Although there are pathological and physiological conditions that may share similar imaging characteristics, both clinical and imaging features can guide the radiologist towards the correct diagnosis, especially using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this review, we will describe the main clinical and epidemiological features of PA, illustrating CT and MRI findings and discussing the role of imaging in the differential diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up. Teaching points • Headache, ophtalmoplegia and visual impairment are frequent symptoms of pituitary apoplexy. • CT is often the first imaging tool in PA, showing areas of hyperdensity within the sellar region. • MRI could confirm haemorrhage within the pituitary gland and compression on the optic chiasm. • Frequent simulating conditions are aneurysms, Rathke cleft cysts, craniopharingioma and mucocele. • The role of imaging is still debated and needs more studies. © The Author(s) 2014
abstractGer	Abstract Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a rare and potentially fatal clinical condition presenting acute headache, vomiting, visual impairment, ophthalmoplegia, altered mental state and possible panhypopituitarism. It mostly occurs in patients with haemorrhagic infarction of the pituitary gland due to a pre-existing macroadenoma. Although there are pathological and physiological conditions that may share similar imaging characteristics, both clinical and imaging features can guide the radiologist towards the correct diagnosis, especially using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this review, we will describe the main clinical and epidemiological features of PA, illustrating CT and MRI findings and discussing the role of imaging in the differential diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up. Teaching points • Headache, ophtalmoplegia and visual impairment are frequent symptoms of pituitary apoplexy. • CT is often the first imaging tool in PA, showing areas of hyperdensity within the sellar region. • MRI could confirm haemorrhage within the pituitary gland and compression on the optic chiasm. • Frequent simulating conditions are aneurysms, Rathke cleft cysts, craniopharingioma and mucocele. • The role of imaging is still debated and needs more studies. © The Author(s) 2014
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a rare and potentially fatal clinical condition presenting acute headache, vomiting, visual impairment, ophthalmoplegia, altered mental state and possible panhypopituitarism. It mostly occurs in patients with haemorrhagic infarction of the pituitary gland due to a pre-existing macroadenoma. Although there are pathological and physiological conditions that may share similar imaging characteristics, both clinical and imaging features can guide the radiologist towards the correct diagnosis, especially using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this review, we will describe the main clinical and epidemiological features of PA, illustrating CT and MRI findings and discussing the role of imaging in the differential diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up. Teaching points • Headache, ophtalmoplegia and visual impairment are frequent symptoms of pituitary apoplexy. • CT is often the first imaging tool in PA, showing areas of hyperdensity within the sellar region. • MRI could confirm haemorrhage within the pituitary gland and compression on the optic chiasm. • Frequent simulating conditions are aneurysms, Rathke cleft cysts, craniopharingioma and mucocele. • The role of imaging is still debated and needs more studies. © The Author(s) 2014
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title_short	Pituitary apoplexy: an update on clinical and imaging features
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