Continuous electrocardiogram changes preceding phenotypic expression for 8 years in an athlete with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a case report

Background Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is one of the most common causes of sudden cardiac death in young athletes. Performing, comparing, and monitoring serial electrocardiograms over time can help to detect potential cardiovascular diseases and to prevent malignant cardiac events in these populatio...
Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Han, Dan [verfasserIn] Ji, Yan Tan, Hui

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2019

Schlagwörter:	Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ECG alterations Abnormal Q waves T-wave inversion Athlete

Anmerkung:	© The Author(s). 2019

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Journal of medical case reports - London : BioMed Central, 2007, 13(2019), 1 vom: 21. März
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:13 ; year:2019 ; number:1 ; day:21 ; month:03

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1186/s13256-019-1998-7

Katalog-ID:	SPR031074693

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520			\|a Background Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is one of the most common causes of sudden cardiac death in young athletes. Performing, comparing, and monitoring serial electrocardiograms over time can help to detect potential cardiovascular diseases and to prevent malignant cardiac events in these populations. Case presentation A young Han Chinese male football player had abnormal electrocardiograms for 8 years without any subjective discomfort. Electrocardiograms revealed that T-wave inversions increased from 1 mm to a maximum of 5 mm on lead I and fluctuated around 5 mm on lead avL. Q-wave duration ranged from 40 ms to 60 ms, its depth increased to a maximum of 8 mm and was much greater than 40% of the R waves in depth in II, III, and avF leads. Echocardiography showed increasingly thickened interventricular septum from 10 mm to 13 mm, enlarged left atrium and ventricle, and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Coronary angiography showed no distinct stenosis. Emission computed tomography revealed mild myocardial ischemia of the left ventricular inferior wall. These unusual electrocardiogram manifestations were initially regarded as benign alterations of a highly trained athlete. Upon reviewing the clinical information and the newest criteria for electrocardiographic interpretation in athletes, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was identified. The misreading of electrocardiograms is not uncommon, thus predisposing such patients to high susceptibility to exercise-induced sudden cardiac death. Conclusions We propose that abnormal electrocardiogram findings reveal the initial expression of underlying cardiac diseases such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, preceding the symptoms and signs by many years. Accordingly, early detection and continuous surveillance are important for athletes with such electrocardiogram patterns, and improvement of physicians’ expertise is crucial.
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allfields	10.1186/s13256-019-1998-7 doi (DE-627)SPR031074693 (SPR)s13256-019-1998-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Han, Dan verfasserin aut Continuous electrocardiogram changes preceding phenotypic expression for 8 years in an athlete with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a case report 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2019 Background Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is one of the most common causes of sudden cardiac death in young athletes. Performing, comparing, and monitoring serial electrocardiograms over time can help to detect potential cardiovascular diseases and to prevent malignant cardiac events in these populations. Case presentation A young Han Chinese male football player had abnormal electrocardiograms for 8 years without any subjective discomfort. Electrocardiograms revealed that T-wave inversions increased from 1 mm to a maximum of 5 mm on lead I and fluctuated around 5 mm on lead avL. Q-wave duration ranged from 40 ms to 60 ms, its depth increased to a maximum of 8 mm and was much greater than 40% of the R waves in depth in II, III, and avF leads. Echocardiography showed increasingly thickened interventricular septum from 10 mm to 13 mm, enlarged left atrium and ventricle, and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Coronary angiography showed no distinct stenosis. Emission computed tomography revealed mild myocardial ischemia of the left ventricular inferior wall. These unusual electrocardiogram manifestations were initially regarded as benign alterations of a highly trained athlete. Upon reviewing the clinical information and the newest criteria for electrocardiographic interpretation in athletes, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was identified. The misreading of electrocardiograms is not uncommon, thus predisposing such patients to high susceptibility to exercise-induced sudden cardiac death. Conclusions We propose that abnormal electrocardiogram findings reveal the initial expression of underlying cardiac diseases such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, preceding the symptoms and signs by many years. Accordingly, early detection and continuous surveillance are important for athletes with such electrocardiogram patterns, and improvement of physicians’ expertise is crucial. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (dpeaa)DE-He213 ECG alterations (dpeaa)DE-He213 Abnormal Q waves (dpeaa)DE-He213 T-wave inversion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Athlete (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ji, Yan aut Tan, Hui aut Enthalten in Journal of medical case reports London : BioMed Central, 2007 13(2019), 1 vom: 21. März (DE-627)524231389 (DE-600)2269805-X 1752-1947 nnns volume:13 year:2019 number:1 day:21 month:03 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13256-019-1998-7 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2019 1 21 03
spelling	10.1186/s13256-019-1998-7 doi (DE-627)SPR031074693 (SPR)s13256-019-1998-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Han, Dan verfasserin aut Continuous electrocardiogram changes preceding phenotypic expression for 8 years in an athlete with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a case report 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2019 Background Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is one of the most common causes of sudden cardiac death in young athletes. Performing, comparing, and monitoring serial electrocardiograms over time can help to detect potential cardiovascular diseases and to prevent malignant cardiac events in these populations. Case presentation A young Han Chinese male football player had abnormal electrocardiograms for 8 years without any subjective discomfort. Electrocardiograms revealed that T-wave inversions increased from 1 mm to a maximum of 5 mm on lead I and fluctuated around 5 mm on lead avL. Q-wave duration ranged from 40 ms to 60 ms, its depth increased to a maximum of 8 mm and was much greater than 40% of the R waves in depth in II, III, and avF leads. Echocardiography showed increasingly thickened interventricular septum from 10 mm to 13 mm, enlarged left atrium and ventricle, and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Coronary angiography showed no distinct stenosis. Emission computed tomography revealed mild myocardial ischemia of the left ventricular inferior wall. These unusual electrocardiogram manifestations were initially regarded as benign alterations of a highly trained athlete. Upon reviewing the clinical information and the newest criteria for electrocardiographic interpretation in athletes, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was identified. The misreading of electrocardiograms is not uncommon, thus predisposing such patients to high susceptibility to exercise-induced sudden cardiac death. Conclusions We propose that abnormal electrocardiogram findings reveal the initial expression of underlying cardiac diseases such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, preceding the symptoms and signs by many years. Accordingly, early detection and continuous surveillance are important for athletes with such electrocardiogram patterns, and improvement of physicians’ expertise is crucial. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (dpeaa)DE-He213 ECG alterations (dpeaa)DE-He213 Abnormal Q waves (dpeaa)DE-He213 T-wave inversion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Athlete (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ji, Yan aut Tan, Hui aut Enthalten in Journal of medical case reports London : BioMed Central, 2007 13(2019), 1 vom: 21. März (DE-627)524231389 (DE-600)2269805-X 1752-1947 nnns volume:13 year:2019 number:1 day:21 month:03 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13256-019-1998-7 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2019 1 21 03
allfields_unstemmed	10.1186/s13256-019-1998-7 doi (DE-627)SPR031074693 (SPR)s13256-019-1998-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Han, Dan verfasserin aut Continuous electrocardiogram changes preceding phenotypic expression for 8 years in an athlete with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a case report 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2019 Background Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is one of the most common causes of sudden cardiac death in young athletes. Performing, comparing, and monitoring serial electrocardiograms over time can help to detect potential cardiovascular diseases and to prevent malignant cardiac events in these populations. Case presentation A young Han Chinese male football player had abnormal electrocardiograms for 8 years without any subjective discomfort. Electrocardiograms revealed that T-wave inversions increased from 1 mm to a maximum of 5 mm on lead I and fluctuated around 5 mm on lead avL. Q-wave duration ranged from 40 ms to 60 ms, its depth increased to a maximum of 8 mm and was much greater than 40% of the R waves in depth in II, III, and avF leads. Echocardiography showed increasingly thickened interventricular septum from 10 mm to 13 mm, enlarged left atrium and ventricle, and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Coronary angiography showed no distinct stenosis. Emission computed tomography revealed mild myocardial ischemia of the left ventricular inferior wall. These unusual electrocardiogram manifestations were initially regarded as benign alterations of a highly trained athlete. Upon reviewing the clinical information and the newest criteria for electrocardiographic interpretation in athletes, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was identified. The misreading of electrocardiograms is not uncommon, thus predisposing such patients to high susceptibility to exercise-induced sudden cardiac death. Conclusions We propose that abnormal electrocardiogram findings reveal the initial expression of underlying cardiac diseases such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, preceding the symptoms and signs by many years. Accordingly, early detection and continuous surveillance are important for athletes with such electrocardiogram patterns, and improvement of physicians’ expertise is crucial. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (dpeaa)DE-He213 ECG alterations (dpeaa)DE-He213 Abnormal Q waves (dpeaa)DE-He213 T-wave inversion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Athlete (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ji, Yan aut Tan, Hui aut Enthalten in Journal of medical case reports London : BioMed Central, 2007 13(2019), 1 vom: 21. März (DE-627)524231389 (DE-600)2269805-X 1752-1947 nnns volume:13 year:2019 number:1 day:21 month:03 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13256-019-1998-7 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2019 1 21 03
allfieldsGer	10.1186/s13256-019-1998-7 doi (DE-627)SPR031074693 (SPR)s13256-019-1998-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Han, Dan verfasserin aut Continuous electrocardiogram changes preceding phenotypic expression for 8 years in an athlete with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a case report 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2019 Background Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is one of the most common causes of sudden cardiac death in young athletes. Performing, comparing, and monitoring serial electrocardiograms over time can help to detect potential cardiovascular diseases and to prevent malignant cardiac events in these populations. Case presentation A young Han Chinese male football player had abnormal electrocardiograms for 8 years without any subjective discomfort. Electrocardiograms revealed that T-wave inversions increased from 1 mm to a maximum of 5 mm on lead I and fluctuated around 5 mm on lead avL. Q-wave duration ranged from 40 ms to 60 ms, its depth increased to a maximum of 8 mm and was much greater than 40% of the R waves in depth in II, III, and avF leads. Echocardiography showed increasingly thickened interventricular septum from 10 mm to 13 mm, enlarged left atrium and ventricle, and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Coronary angiography showed no distinct stenosis. Emission computed tomography revealed mild myocardial ischemia of the left ventricular inferior wall. These unusual electrocardiogram manifestations were initially regarded as benign alterations of a highly trained athlete. Upon reviewing the clinical information and the newest criteria for electrocardiographic interpretation in athletes, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was identified. The misreading of electrocardiograms is not uncommon, thus predisposing such patients to high susceptibility to exercise-induced sudden cardiac death. Conclusions We propose that abnormal electrocardiogram findings reveal the initial expression of underlying cardiac diseases such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, preceding the symptoms and signs by many years. Accordingly, early detection and continuous surveillance are important for athletes with such electrocardiogram patterns, and improvement of physicians’ expertise is crucial. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (dpeaa)DE-He213 ECG alterations (dpeaa)DE-He213 Abnormal Q waves (dpeaa)DE-He213 T-wave inversion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Athlete (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ji, Yan aut Tan, Hui aut Enthalten in Journal of medical case reports London : BioMed Central, 2007 13(2019), 1 vom: 21. März (DE-627)524231389 (DE-600)2269805-X 1752-1947 nnns volume:13 year:2019 number:1 day:21 month:03 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13256-019-1998-7 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2019 1 21 03
allfieldsSound	10.1186/s13256-019-1998-7 doi (DE-627)SPR031074693 (SPR)s13256-019-1998-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Han, Dan verfasserin aut Continuous electrocardiogram changes preceding phenotypic expression for 8 years in an athlete with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a case report 2019 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2019 Background Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is one of the most common causes of sudden cardiac death in young athletes. Performing, comparing, and monitoring serial electrocardiograms over time can help to detect potential cardiovascular diseases and to prevent malignant cardiac events in these populations. Case presentation A young Han Chinese male football player had abnormal electrocardiograms for 8 years without any subjective discomfort. Electrocardiograms revealed that T-wave inversions increased from 1 mm to a maximum of 5 mm on lead I and fluctuated around 5 mm on lead avL. Q-wave duration ranged from 40 ms to 60 ms, its depth increased to a maximum of 8 mm and was much greater than 40% of the R waves in depth in II, III, and avF leads. Echocardiography showed increasingly thickened interventricular septum from 10 mm to 13 mm, enlarged left atrium and ventricle, and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Coronary angiography showed no distinct stenosis. Emission computed tomography revealed mild myocardial ischemia of the left ventricular inferior wall. These unusual electrocardiogram manifestations were initially regarded as benign alterations of a highly trained athlete. Upon reviewing the clinical information and the newest criteria for electrocardiographic interpretation in athletes, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was identified. The misreading of electrocardiograms is not uncommon, thus predisposing such patients to high susceptibility to exercise-induced sudden cardiac death. Conclusions We propose that abnormal electrocardiogram findings reveal the initial expression of underlying cardiac diseases such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, preceding the symptoms and signs by many years. Accordingly, early detection and continuous surveillance are important for athletes with such electrocardiogram patterns, and improvement of physicians’ expertise is crucial. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (dpeaa)DE-He213 ECG alterations (dpeaa)DE-He213 Abnormal Q waves (dpeaa)DE-He213 T-wave inversion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Athlete (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ji, Yan aut Tan, Hui aut Enthalten in Journal of medical case reports London : BioMed Central, 2007 13(2019), 1 vom: 21. März (DE-627)524231389 (DE-600)2269805-X 1752-1947 nnns volume:13 year:2019 number:1 day:21 month:03 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13256-019-1998-7 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2019 1 21 03
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These unusual electrocardiogram manifestations were initially regarded as benign alterations of a highly trained athlete. Upon reviewing the clinical information and the newest criteria for electrocardiographic interpretation in athletes, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was identified. The misreading of electrocardiograms is not uncommon, thus predisposing such patients to high susceptibility to exercise-induced sudden cardiac death. Conclusions We propose that abnormal electrocardiogram findings reveal the initial expression of underlying cardiac diseases such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, preceding the symptoms and signs by many years. 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author	Han, Dan
spellingShingle	Han, Dan misc Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy misc ECG alterations misc Abnormal Q waves misc T-wave inversion misc Athlete Continuous electrocardiogram changes preceding phenotypic expression for 8 years in an athlete with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a case report
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topic_title	Continuous electrocardiogram changes preceding phenotypic expression for 8 years in an athlete with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a case report Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (dpeaa)DE-He213 ECG alterations (dpeaa)DE-He213 Abnormal Q waves (dpeaa)DE-He213 T-wave inversion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Athlete (dpeaa)DE-He213
topic	misc Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy misc ECG alterations misc Abnormal Q waves misc T-wave inversion misc Athlete
topic_unstemmed	misc Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy misc ECG alterations misc Abnormal Q waves misc T-wave inversion misc Athlete
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title	Continuous electrocardiogram changes preceding phenotypic expression for 8 years in an athlete with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a case report
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title_full	Continuous electrocardiogram changes preceding phenotypic expression for 8 years in an athlete with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a case report
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title_sort	continuous electrocardiogram changes preceding phenotypic expression for 8 years in an athlete with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a case report
title_auth	Continuous electrocardiogram changes preceding phenotypic expression for 8 years in an athlete with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a case report
abstract	Background Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is one of the most common causes of sudden cardiac death in young athletes. Performing, comparing, and monitoring serial electrocardiograms over time can help to detect potential cardiovascular diseases and to prevent malignant cardiac events in these populations. Case presentation A young Han Chinese male football player had abnormal electrocardiograms for 8 years without any subjective discomfort. Electrocardiograms revealed that T-wave inversions increased from 1 mm to a maximum of 5 mm on lead I and fluctuated around 5 mm on lead avL. Q-wave duration ranged from 40 ms to 60 ms, its depth increased to a maximum of 8 mm and was much greater than 40% of the R waves in depth in II, III, and avF leads. Echocardiography showed increasingly thickened interventricular septum from 10 mm to 13 mm, enlarged left atrium and ventricle, and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Coronary angiography showed no distinct stenosis. Emission computed tomography revealed mild myocardial ischemia of the left ventricular inferior wall. These unusual electrocardiogram manifestations were initially regarded as benign alterations of a highly trained athlete. Upon reviewing the clinical information and the newest criteria for electrocardiographic interpretation in athletes, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was identified. The misreading of electrocardiograms is not uncommon, thus predisposing such patients to high susceptibility to exercise-induced sudden cardiac death. Conclusions We propose that abnormal electrocardiogram findings reveal the initial expression of underlying cardiac diseases such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, preceding the symptoms and signs by many years. Accordingly, early detection and continuous surveillance are important for athletes with such electrocardiogram patterns, and improvement of physicians’ expertise is crucial. © The Author(s). 2019
abstractGer	Background Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is one of the most common causes of sudden cardiac death in young athletes. Performing, comparing, and monitoring serial electrocardiograms over time can help to detect potential cardiovascular diseases and to prevent malignant cardiac events in these populations. Case presentation A young Han Chinese male football player had abnormal electrocardiograms for 8 years without any subjective discomfort. Electrocardiograms revealed that T-wave inversions increased from 1 mm to a maximum of 5 mm on lead I and fluctuated around 5 mm on lead avL. Q-wave duration ranged from 40 ms to 60 ms, its depth increased to a maximum of 8 mm and was much greater than 40% of the R waves in depth in II, III, and avF leads. Echocardiography showed increasingly thickened interventricular septum from 10 mm to 13 mm, enlarged left atrium and ventricle, and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Coronary angiography showed no distinct stenosis. Emission computed tomography revealed mild myocardial ischemia of the left ventricular inferior wall. These unusual electrocardiogram manifestations were initially regarded as benign alterations of a highly trained athlete. Upon reviewing the clinical information and the newest criteria for electrocardiographic interpretation in athletes, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was identified. The misreading of electrocardiograms is not uncommon, thus predisposing such patients to high susceptibility to exercise-induced sudden cardiac death. Conclusions We propose that abnormal electrocardiogram findings reveal the initial expression of underlying cardiac diseases such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, preceding the symptoms and signs by many years. Accordingly, early detection and continuous surveillance are important for athletes with such electrocardiogram patterns, and improvement of physicians’ expertise is crucial. © The Author(s). 2019
abstract_unstemmed	Background Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is one of the most common causes of sudden cardiac death in young athletes. Performing, comparing, and monitoring serial electrocardiograms over time can help to detect potential cardiovascular diseases and to prevent malignant cardiac events in these populations. Case presentation A young Han Chinese male football player had abnormal electrocardiograms for 8 years without any subjective discomfort. Electrocardiograms revealed that T-wave inversions increased from 1 mm to a maximum of 5 mm on lead I and fluctuated around 5 mm on lead avL. Q-wave duration ranged from 40 ms to 60 ms, its depth increased to a maximum of 8 mm and was much greater than 40% of the R waves in depth in II, III, and avF leads. Echocardiography showed increasingly thickened interventricular septum from 10 mm to 13 mm, enlarged left atrium and ventricle, and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Coronary angiography showed no distinct stenosis. Emission computed tomography revealed mild myocardial ischemia of the left ventricular inferior wall. These unusual electrocardiogram manifestations were initially regarded as benign alterations of a highly trained athlete. Upon reviewing the clinical information and the newest criteria for electrocardiographic interpretation in athletes, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was identified. The misreading of electrocardiograms is not uncommon, thus predisposing such patients to high susceptibility to exercise-induced sudden cardiac death. Conclusions We propose that abnormal electrocardiogram findings reveal the initial expression of underlying cardiac diseases such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, preceding the symptoms and signs by many years. Accordingly, early detection and continuous surveillance are important for athletes with such electrocardiogram patterns, and improvement of physicians’ expertise is crucial. © The Author(s). 2019
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title_short	Continuous electrocardiogram changes preceding phenotypic expression for 8 years in an athlete with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a case report
url	https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13256-019-1998-7
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Continuous electrocardiogram changes preceding phenotypic expression for 8 years in an athlete with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a case report

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