The abolition of user charges and the demand for ambulatory visits: evidence from the Czech Republic

Abstract This paper estimates the effect of the abolition of user charges for children’s outpatient care (30 CZK/1.2 EUR) in 2009 on the demand for ambulatory doctor visits in the Czech Republic. Because the reform applied only to children, we can employ the difference-in-differences approach, where...
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Autor*in:	Votapkova, Jana [verfasserIn] Zilova, Pavlina [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2016

Schlagwörter:	Co-payments Outpatient care Czech Republic Natural experiment Zero-inflated negative binomial model (ZINB)

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Health economics review - Heidelberg : Springer, 2011, 6(2016), 1 vom: 15. Juli
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:6 ; year:2016 ; number:1 ; day:15 ; month:07

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1186/s13561-016-0105-7

Katalog-ID:	SPR031791905

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allfields	10.1186/s13561-016-0105-7 doi (DE-627)SPR031791905 (SPR)s13561-016-0105-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 330 ASE Votapkova, Jana verfasserin aut The abolition of user charges and the demand for ambulatory visits: evidence from the Czech Republic 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract This paper estimates the effect of the abolition of user charges for children’s outpatient care (30 CZK/1.2 EUR) in 2009 on the demand for ambulatory doctor visits in the Czech Republic. Because the reform applied only to children, we can employ the difference-in-differences approach, where children constitute a treatment group and adults serve as a control group. The dataset covers 1841 observations. Aside from the treatment effect, we control for a number of personal characteristics using micro-level data (European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions). Using the zero-inflated negative binomial model, we found no significant effect from the abolition of user charges on doctor visits, suggesting either that user charges are ineffective in the Czech environment or that their value was set too low. On the contrary, personal income, the number of household members and gender have a significant effect. A number of robustness checks using restricted samples confirm the results. Co-payments (dpeaa)DE-He213 Outpatient care (dpeaa)DE-He213 Czech Republic (dpeaa)DE-He213 Natural experiment (dpeaa)DE-He213 Zero-inflated negative binomial model (ZINB) (dpeaa)DE-He213 Zilova, Pavlina verfasserin aut Enthalten in Health economics review Heidelberg : Springer, 2011 6(2016), 1 vom: 15. Juli (DE-627)670605115 (DE-600)2634483-X 2191-1991 nnns volume:6 year:2016 number:1 day:15 month:07 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13561-016-0105-7 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-WIW SSG-OLC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_26 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 6 2016 1 15 07
spelling	10.1186/s13561-016-0105-7 doi (DE-627)SPR031791905 (SPR)s13561-016-0105-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 330 ASE Votapkova, Jana verfasserin aut The abolition of user charges and the demand for ambulatory visits: evidence from the Czech Republic 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract This paper estimates the effect of the abolition of user charges for children’s outpatient care (30 CZK/1.2 EUR) in 2009 on the demand for ambulatory doctor visits in the Czech Republic. Because the reform applied only to children, we can employ the difference-in-differences approach, where children constitute a treatment group and adults serve as a control group. The dataset covers 1841 observations. Aside from the treatment effect, we control for a number of personal characteristics using micro-level data (European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions). Using the zero-inflated negative binomial model, we found no significant effect from the abolition of user charges on doctor visits, suggesting either that user charges are ineffective in the Czech environment or that their value was set too low. On the contrary, personal income, the number of household members and gender have a significant effect. A number of robustness checks using restricted samples confirm the results. Co-payments (dpeaa)DE-He213 Outpatient care (dpeaa)DE-He213 Czech Republic (dpeaa)DE-He213 Natural experiment (dpeaa)DE-He213 Zero-inflated negative binomial model (ZINB) (dpeaa)DE-He213 Zilova, Pavlina verfasserin aut Enthalten in Health economics review Heidelberg : Springer, 2011 6(2016), 1 vom: 15. Juli (DE-627)670605115 (DE-600)2634483-X 2191-1991 nnns volume:6 year:2016 number:1 day:15 month:07 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13561-016-0105-7 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-WIW SSG-OLC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_26 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 6 2016 1 15 07
allfields_unstemmed	10.1186/s13561-016-0105-7 doi (DE-627)SPR031791905 (SPR)s13561-016-0105-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 330 ASE Votapkova, Jana verfasserin aut The abolition of user charges and the demand for ambulatory visits: evidence from the Czech Republic 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract This paper estimates the effect of the abolition of user charges for children’s outpatient care (30 CZK/1.2 EUR) in 2009 on the demand for ambulatory doctor visits in the Czech Republic. Because the reform applied only to children, we can employ the difference-in-differences approach, where children constitute a treatment group and adults serve as a control group. The dataset covers 1841 observations. Aside from the treatment effect, we control for a number of personal characteristics using micro-level data (European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions). Using the zero-inflated negative binomial model, we found no significant effect from the abolition of user charges on doctor visits, suggesting either that user charges are ineffective in the Czech environment or that their value was set too low. On the contrary, personal income, the number of household members and gender have a significant effect. A number of robustness checks using restricted samples confirm the results. Co-payments (dpeaa)DE-He213 Outpatient care (dpeaa)DE-He213 Czech Republic (dpeaa)DE-He213 Natural experiment (dpeaa)DE-He213 Zero-inflated negative binomial model (ZINB) (dpeaa)DE-He213 Zilova, Pavlina verfasserin aut Enthalten in Health economics review Heidelberg : Springer, 2011 6(2016), 1 vom: 15. Juli (DE-627)670605115 (DE-600)2634483-X 2191-1991 nnns volume:6 year:2016 number:1 day:15 month:07 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13561-016-0105-7 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-WIW SSG-OLC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_26 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 6 2016 1 15 07
allfieldsGer	10.1186/s13561-016-0105-7 doi (DE-627)SPR031791905 (SPR)s13561-016-0105-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 330 ASE Votapkova, Jana verfasserin aut The abolition of user charges and the demand for ambulatory visits: evidence from the Czech Republic 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract This paper estimates the effect of the abolition of user charges for children’s outpatient care (30 CZK/1.2 EUR) in 2009 on the demand for ambulatory doctor visits in the Czech Republic. Because the reform applied only to children, we can employ the difference-in-differences approach, where children constitute a treatment group and adults serve as a control group. The dataset covers 1841 observations. Aside from the treatment effect, we control for a number of personal characteristics using micro-level data (European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions). Using the zero-inflated negative binomial model, we found no significant effect from the abolition of user charges on doctor visits, suggesting either that user charges are ineffective in the Czech environment or that their value was set too low. On the contrary, personal income, the number of household members and gender have a significant effect. A number of robustness checks using restricted samples confirm the results. Co-payments (dpeaa)DE-He213 Outpatient care (dpeaa)DE-He213 Czech Republic (dpeaa)DE-He213 Natural experiment (dpeaa)DE-He213 Zero-inflated negative binomial model (ZINB) (dpeaa)DE-He213 Zilova, Pavlina verfasserin aut Enthalten in Health economics review Heidelberg : Springer, 2011 6(2016), 1 vom: 15. Juli (DE-627)670605115 (DE-600)2634483-X 2191-1991 nnns volume:6 year:2016 number:1 day:15 month:07 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13561-016-0105-7 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-WIW SSG-OLC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_26 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 6 2016 1 15 07
allfieldsSound	10.1186/s13561-016-0105-7 doi (DE-627)SPR031791905 (SPR)s13561-016-0105-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 330 ASE Votapkova, Jana verfasserin aut The abolition of user charges and the demand for ambulatory visits: evidence from the Czech Republic 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract This paper estimates the effect of the abolition of user charges for children’s outpatient care (30 CZK/1.2 EUR) in 2009 on the demand for ambulatory doctor visits in the Czech Republic. Because the reform applied only to children, we can employ the difference-in-differences approach, where children constitute a treatment group and adults serve as a control group. The dataset covers 1841 observations. Aside from the treatment effect, we control for a number of personal characteristics using micro-level data (European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions). Using the zero-inflated negative binomial model, we found no significant effect from the abolition of user charges on doctor visits, suggesting either that user charges are ineffective in the Czech environment or that their value was set too low. On the contrary, personal income, the number of household members and gender have a significant effect. A number of robustness checks using restricted samples confirm the results. Co-payments (dpeaa)DE-He213 Outpatient care (dpeaa)DE-He213 Czech Republic (dpeaa)DE-He213 Natural experiment (dpeaa)DE-He213 Zero-inflated negative binomial model (ZINB) (dpeaa)DE-He213 Zilova, Pavlina verfasserin aut Enthalten in Health economics review Heidelberg : Springer, 2011 6(2016), 1 vom: 15. Juli (DE-627)670605115 (DE-600)2634483-X 2191-1991 nnns volume:6 year:2016 number:1 day:15 month:07 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13561-016-0105-7 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-WIW SSG-OLC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_26 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 6 2016 1 15 07
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source	Enthalten in Health economics review 6(2016), 1 vom: 15. Juli volume:6 year:2016 number:1 day:15 month:07
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author	Votapkova, Jana
spellingShingle	Votapkova, Jana ddc 330 misc Co-payments misc Outpatient care misc Czech Republic misc Natural experiment misc Zero-inflated negative binomial model (ZINB) The abolition of user charges and the demand for ambulatory visits: evidence from the Czech Republic
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topic_title	330 ASE The abolition of user charges and the demand for ambulatory visits: evidence from the Czech Republic Co-payments (dpeaa)DE-He213 Outpatient care (dpeaa)DE-He213 Czech Republic (dpeaa)DE-He213 Natural experiment (dpeaa)DE-He213 Zero-inflated negative binomial model (ZINB) (dpeaa)DE-He213
topic	ddc 330 misc Co-payments misc Outpatient care misc Czech Republic misc Natural experiment misc Zero-inflated negative binomial model (ZINB)
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title	The abolition of user charges and the demand for ambulatory visits: evidence from the Czech Republic
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title_full	The abolition of user charges and the demand for ambulatory visits: evidence from the Czech Republic
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title_sort	abolition of user charges and the demand for ambulatory visits: evidence from the czech republic
title_auth	The abolition of user charges and the demand for ambulatory visits: evidence from the Czech Republic
abstract	Abstract This paper estimates the effect of the abolition of user charges for children’s outpatient care (30 CZK/1.2 EUR) in 2009 on the demand for ambulatory doctor visits in the Czech Republic. Because the reform applied only to children, we can employ the difference-in-differences approach, where children constitute a treatment group and adults serve as a control group. The dataset covers 1841 observations. Aside from the treatment effect, we control for a number of personal characteristics using micro-level data (European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions). Using the zero-inflated negative binomial model, we found no significant effect from the abolition of user charges on doctor visits, suggesting either that user charges are ineffective in the Czech environment or that their value was set too low. On the contrary, personal income, the number of household members and gender have a significant effect. A number of robustness checks using restricted samples confirm the results.
abstractGer	Abstract This paper estimates the effect of the abolition of user charges for children’s outpatient care (30 CZK/1.2 EUR) in 2009 on the demand for ambulatory doctor visits in the Czech Republic. Because the reform applied only to children, we can employ the difference-in-differences approach, where children constitute a treatment group and adults serve as a control group. The dataset covers 1841 observations. Aside from the treatment effect, we control for a number of personal characteristics using micro-level data (European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions). Using the zero-inflated negative binomial model, we found no significant effect from the abolition of user charges on doctor visits, suggesting either that user charges are ineffective in the Czech environment or that their value was set too low. On the contrary, personal income, the number of household members and gender have a significant effect. A number of robustness checks using restricted samples confirm the results.
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract This paper estimates the effect of the abolition of user charges for children’s outpatient care (30 CZK/1.2 EUR) in 2009 on the demand for ambulatory doctor visits in the Czech Republic. Because the reform applied only to children, we can employ the difference-in-differences approach, where children constitute a treatment group and adults serve as a control group. The dataset covers 1841 observations. Aside from the treatment effect, we control for a number of personal characteristics using micro-level data (European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions). Using the zero-inflated negative binomial model, we found no significant effect from the abolition of user charges on doctor visits, suggesting either that user charges are ineffective in the Czech environment or that their value was set too low. On the contrary, personal income, the number of household members and gender have a significant effect. A number of robustness checks using restricted samples confirm the results.
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title_short	The abolition of user charges and the demand for ambulatory visits: evidence from the Czech Republic
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The abolition of user charges and the demand for ambulatory visits: evidence from the Czech Republic

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