Sequence-independent amplification coupled with DNA microarray analysis for detection and genotyping of noroviruses

Abstract Noroviruses (NoVs) have high levels of genetic sequence diversities, which lead to difficulties in designing robust universal primers to efficiently amplify specific viral genomes for molecular analysis. We here described the practicality of sequence-independent amplification combined with...
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Autor*in:	Hu, Yuan [verfasserIn] Yan, Huijun [verfasserIn] Mammel, Mark [verfasserIn] Chen, Haifeng [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2015

Schlagwörter:	Noroviruses Sequence-independent amplification DNA microarray Detection Genotyping

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: AMB express - Heidelberg : Springer, 2011, 5(2015), 1 vom: 10. Nov.
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:5 ; year:2015 ; number:1 ; day:10 ; month:11

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1186/s13568-015-0156-x

Katalog-ID:	SPR031829139

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520			\|a Abstract Noroviruses (NoVs) have high levels of genetic sequence diversities, which lead to difficulties in designing robust universal primers to efficiently amplify specific viral genomes for molecular analysis. We here described the practicality of sequence-independent amplification combined with DNA microarray analysis for simultaneous detection and genotyping of human NoVs in fecal specimens. We showed that single primer isothermal linear amplification (Ribo-SPIA) of genogroup I (GI) and genogroup II (GII) NoVs could be run through the same amplification protocol without the need to design and use any virus-specific primers. Related virus could be subtyped by the unique pattern of hybridization with the amplified product to the microarray. By testing 22 clinical fecal specimens obtained from acute gastroenteritis cases as blinded samples, 2 were GI positive and 18 were GII positive as well as 2 negative for NoVs. A NoV GII positive specimen was also identified as having co-occurrence of hepatitis A virus. The study showed that there was 100 % concordance for positive NoV detection at genogroup level between the results of Ribo-SPIA/microarray and the phylogenetic analysis of viral sequences of the capsid gene. In addition, 85 % genotype agreement was observed for the new assay compared to the results of phylogenetic analysis.
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allfields	10.1186/s13568-015-0156-x doi (DE-627)SPR031829139 (SPR)s13568-015-0156-x-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 ASE 58.30 bkl Hu, Yuan verfasserin aut Sequence-independent amplification coupled with DNA microarray analysis for detection and genotyping of noroviruses 2015 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Noroviruses (NoVs) have high levels of genetic sequence diversities, which lead to difficulties in designing robust universal primers to efficiently amplify specific viral genomes for molecular analysis. We here described the practicality of sequence-independent amplification combined with DNA microarray analysis for simultaneous detection and genotyping of human NoVs in fecal specimens. We showed that single primer isothermal linear amplification (Ribo-SPIA) of genogroup I (GI) and genogroup II (GII) NoVs could be run through the same amplification protocol without the need to design and use any virus-specific primers. Related virus could be subtyped by the unique pattern of hybridization with the amplified product to the microarray. By testing 22 clinical fecal specimens obtained from acute gastroenteritis cases as blinded samples, 2 were GI positive and 18 were GII positive as well as 2 negative for NoVs. A NoV GII positive specimen was also identified as having co-occurrence of hepatitis A virus. The study showed that there was 100 % concordance for positive NoV detection at genogroup level between the results of Ribo-SPIA/microarray and the phylogenetic analysis of viral sequences of the capsid gene. In addition, 85 % genotype agreement was observed for the new assay compared to the results of phylogenetic analysis. Noroviruses (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sequence-independent amplification (dpeaa)DE-He213 DNA microarray (dpeaa)DE-He213 Detection (dpeaa)DE-He213 Genotyping (dpeaa)DE-He213 Yan, Huijun verfasserin aut Mammel, Mark verfasserin aut Chen, Haifeng verfasserin aut Enthalten in AMB express Heidelberg : Springer, 2011 5(2015), 1 vom: 10. Nov. (DE-627)665672926 (DE-600)2621432-5 2191-0855 nnns volume:5 year:2015 number:1 day:10 month:11 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13568-015-0156-x kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 58.30 ASE AR 5 2015 1 10 11
spelling	10.1186/s13568-015-0156-x doi (DE-627)SPR031829139 (SPR)s13568-015-0156-x-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 ASE 58.30 bkl Hu, Yuan verfasserin aut Sequence-independent amplification coupled with DNA microarray analysis for detection and genotyping of noroviruses 2015 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Noroviruses (NoVs) have high levels of genetic sequence diversities, which lead to difficulties in designing robust universal primers to efficiently amplify specific viral genomes for molecular analysis. We here described the practicality of sequence-independent amplification combined with DNA microarray analysis for simultaneous detection and genotyping of human NoVs in fecal specimens. We showed that single primer isothermal linear amplification (Ribo-SPIA) of genogroup I (GI) and genogroup II (GII) NoVs could be run through the same amplification protocol without the need to design and use any virus-specific primers. Related virus could be subtyped by the unique pattern of hybridization with the amplified product to the microarray. By testing 22 clinical fecal specimens obtained from acute gastroenteritis cases as blinded samples, 2 were GI positive and 18 were GII positive as well as 2 negative for NoVs. A NoV GII positive specimen was also identified as having co-occurrence of hepatitis A virus. The study showed that there was 100 % concordance for positive NoV detection at genogroup level between the results of Ribo-SPIA/microarray and the phylogenetic analysis of viral sequences of the capsid gene. In addition, 85 % genotype agreement was observed for the new assay compared to the results of phylogenetic analysis. Noroviruses (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sequence-independent amplification (dpeaa)DE-He213 DNA microarray (dpeaa)DE-He213 Detection (dpeaa)DE-He213 Genotyping (dpeaa)DE-He213 Yan, Huijun verfasserin aut Mammel, Mark verfasserin aut Chen, Haifeng verfasserin aut Enthalten in AMB express Heidelberg : Springer, 2011 5(2015), 1 vom: 10. Nov. (DE-627)665672926 (DE-600)2621432-5 2191-0855 nnns volume:5 year:2015 number:1 day:10 month:11 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13568-015-0156-x kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 58.30 ASE AR 5 2015 1 10 11
allfields_unstemmed	10.1186/s13568-015-0156-x doi (DE-627)SPR031829139 (SPR)s13568-015-0156-x-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 ASE 58.30 bkl Hu, Yuan verfasserin aut Sequence-independent amplification coupled with DNA microarray analysis for detection and genotyping of noroviruses 2015 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Noroviruses (NoVs) have high levels of genetic sequence diversities, which lead to difficulties in designing robust universal primers to efficiently amplify specific viral genomes for molecular analysis. We here described the practicality of sequence-independent amplification combined with DNA microarray analysis for simultaneous detection and genotyping of human NoVs in fecal specimens. We showed that single primer isothermal linear amplification (Ribo-SPIA) of genogroup I (GI) and genogroup II (GII) NoVs could be run through the same amplification protocol without the need to design and use any virus-specific primers. Related virus could be subtyped by the unique pattern of hybridization with the amplified product to the microarray. By testing 22 clinical fecal specimens obtained from acute gastroenteritis cases as blinded samples, 2 were GI positive and 18 were GII positive as well as 2 negative for NoVs. A NoV GII positive specimen was also identified as having co-occurrence of hepatitis A virus. The study showed that there was 100 % concordance for positive NoV detection at genogroup level between the results of Ribo-SPIA/microarray and the phylogenetic analysis of viral sequences of the capsid gene. In addition, 85 % genotype agreement was observed for the new assay compared to the results of phylogenetic analysis. Noroviruses (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sequence-independent amplification (dpeaa)DE-He213 DNA microarray (dpeaa)DE-He213 Detection (dpeaa)DE-He213 Genotyping (dpeaa)DE-He213 Yan, Huijun verfasserin aut Mammel, Mark verfasserin aut Chen, Haifeng verfasserin aut Enthalten in AMB express Heidelberg : Springer, 2011 5(2015), 1 vom: 10. Nov. (DE-627)665672926 (DE-600)2621432-5 2191-0855 nnns volume:5 year:2015 number:1 day:10 month:11 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13568-015-0156-x kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 58.30 ASE AR 5 2015 1 10 11
allfieldsGer	10.1186/s13568-015-0156-x doi (DE-627)SPR031829139 (SPR)s13568-015-0156-x-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 ASE 58.30 bkl Hu, Yuan verfasserin aut Sequence-independent amplification coupled with DNA microarray analysis for detection and genotyping of noroviruses 2015 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Noroviruses (NoVs) have high levels of genetic sequence diversities, which lead to difficulties in designing robust universal primers to efficiently amplify specific viral genomes for molecular analysis. We here described the practicality of sequence-independent amplification combined with DNA microarray analysis for simultaneous detection and genotyping of human NoVs in fecal specimens. We showed that single primer isothermal linear amplification (Ribo-SPIA) of genogroup I (GI) and genogroup II (GII) NoVs could be run through the same amplification protocol without the need to design and use any virus-specific primers. Related virus could be subtyped by the unique pattern of hybridization with the amplified product to the microarray. By testing 22 clinical fecal specimens obtained from acute gastroenteritis cases as blinded samples, 2 were GI positive and 18 were GII positive as well as 2 negative for NoVs. A NoV GII positive specimen was also identified as having co-occurrence of hepatitis A virus. The study showed that there was 100 % concordance for positive NoV detection at genogroup level between the results of Ribo-SPIA/microarray and the phylogenetic analysis of viral sequences of the capsid gene. In addition, 85 % genotype agreement was observed for the new assay compared to the results of phylogenetic analysis. Noroviruses (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sequence-independent amplification (dpeaa)DE-He213 DNA microarray (dpeaa)DE-He213 Detection (dpeaa)DE-He213 Genotyping (dpeaa)DE-He213 Yan, Huijun verfasserin aut Mammel, Mark verfasserin aut Chen, Haifeng verfasserin aut Enthalten in AMB express Heidelberg : Springer, 2011 5(2015), 1 vom: 10. Nov. (DE-627)665672926 (DE-600)2621432-5 2191-0855 nnns volume:5 year:2015 number:1 day:10 month:11 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13568-015-0156-x kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 58.30 ASE AR 5 2015 1 10 11
allfieldsSound	10.1186/s13568-015-0156-x doi (DE-627)SPR031829139 (SPR)s13568-015-0156-x-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 ASE 58.30 bkl Hu, Yuan verfasserin aut Sequence-independent amplification coupled with DNA microarray analysis for detection and genotyping of noroviruses 2015 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Noroviruses (NoVs) have high levels of genetic sequence diversities, which lead to difficulties in designing robust universal primers to efficiently amplify specific viral genomes for molecular analysis. We here described the practicality of sequence-independent amplification combined with DNA microarray analysis for simultaneous detection and genotyping of human NoVs in fecal specimens. We showed that single primer isothermal linear amplification (Ribo-SPIA) of genogroup I (GI) and genogroup II (GII) NoVs could be run through the same amplification protocol without the need to design and use any virus-specific primers. Related virus could be subtyped by the unique pattern of hybridization with the amplified product to the microarray. By testing 22 clinical fecal specimens obtained from acute gastroenteritis cases as blinded samples, 2 were GI positive and 18 were GII positive as well as 2 negative for NoVs. A NoV GII positive specimen was also identified as having co-occurrence of hepatitis A virus. The study showed that there was 100 % concordance for positive NoV detection at genogroup level between the results of Ribo-SPIA/microarray and the phylogenetic analysis of viral sequences of the capsid gene. In addition, 85 % genotype agreement was observed for the new assay compared to the results of phylogenetic analysis. Noroviruses (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sequence-independent amplification (dpeaa)DE-He213 DNA microarray (dpeaa)DE-He213 Detection (dpeaa)DE-He213 Genotyping (dpeaa)DE-He213 Yan, Huijun verfasserin aut Mammel, Mark verfasserin aut Chen, Haifeng verfasserin aut Enthalten in AMB express Heidelberg : Springer, 2011 5(2015), 1 vom: 10. Nov. (DE-627)665672926 (DE-600)2621432-5 2191-0855 nnns volume:5 year:2015 number:1 day:10 month:11 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13568-015-0156-x kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 58.30 ASE AR 5 2015 1 10 11
language	English
source	Enthalten in AMB express 5(2015), 1 vom: 10. Nov. volume:5 year:2015 number:1 day:10 month:11
sourceStr	Enthalten in AMB express 5(2015), 1 vom: 10. Nov. volume:5 year:2015 number:1 day:10 month:11
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	Noroviruses Sequence-independent amplification DNA microarray Detection Genotyping
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authorswithroles_txt_mv	Hu, Yuan @@aut@@ Yan, Huijun @@aut@@ Mammel, Mark @@aut@@ Chen, Haifeng @@aut@@
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author	Hu, Yuan
spellingShingle	Hu, Yuan ddc 570 bkl 58.30 misc Noroviruses misc Sequence-independent amplification misc DNA microarray misc Detection misc Genotyping Sequence-independent amplification coupled with DNA microarray analysis for detection and genotyping of noroviruses
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topic_title	570 ASE 58.30 bkl Sequence-independent amplification coupled with DNA microarray analysis for detection and genotyping of noroviruses Noroviruses (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sequence-independent amplification (dpeaa)DE-He213 DNA microarray (dpeaa)DE-He213 Detection (dpeaa)DE-He213 Genotyping (dpeaa)DE-He213
topic	ddc 570 bkl 58.30 misc Noroviruses misc Sequence-independent amplification misc DNA microarray misc Detection misc Genotyping
topic_unstemmed	ddc 570 bkl 58.30 misc Noroviruses misc Sequence-independent amplification misc DNA microarray misc Detection misc Genotyping
topic_browse	ddc 570 bkl 58.30 misc Noroviruses misc Sequence-independent amplification misc DNA microarray misc Detection misc Genotyping
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title	Sequence-independent amplification coupled with DNA microarray analysis for detection and genotyping of noroviruses
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title_full	Sequence-independent amplification coupled with DNA microarray analysis for detection and genotyping of noroviruses
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author_browse	Hu, Yuan Yan, Huijun Mammel, Mark Chen, Haifeng
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title_sort	sequence-independent amplification coupled with dna microarray analysis for detection and genotyping of noroviruses
title_auth	Sequence-independent amplification coupled with DNA microarray analysis for detection and genotyping of noroviruses
abstract	Abstract Noroviruses (NoVs) have high levels of genetic sequence diversities, which lead to difficulties in designing robust universal primers to efficiently amplify specific viral genomes for molecular analysis. We here described the practicality of sequence-independent amplification combined with DNA microarray analysis for simultaneous detection and genotyping of human NoVs in fecal specimens. We showed that single primer isothermal linear amplification (Ribo-SPIA) of genogroup I (GI) and genogroup II (GII) NoVs could be run through the same amplification protocol without the need to design and use any virus-specific primers. Related virus could be subtyped by the unique pattern of hybridization with the amplified product to the microarray. By testing 22 clinical fecal specimens obtained from acute gastroenteritis cases as blinded samples, 2 were GI positive and 18 were GII positive as well as 2 negative for NoVs. A NoV GII positive specimen was also identified as having co-occurrence of hepatitis A virus. The study showed that there was 100 % concordance for positive NoV detection at genogroup level between the results of Ribo-SPIA/microarray and the phylogenetic analysis of viral sequences of the capsid gene. In addition, 85 % genotype agreement was observed for the new assay compared to the results of phylogenetic analysis.
abstractGer	Abstract Noroviruses (NoVs) have high levels of genetic sequence diversities, which lead to difficulties in designing robust universal primers to efficiently amplify specific viral genomes for molecular analysis. We here described the practicality of sequence-independent amplification combined with DNA microarray analysis for simultaneous detection and genotyping of human NoVs in fecal specimens. We showed that single primer isothermal linear amplification (Ribo-SPIA) of genogroup I (GI) and genogroup II (GII) NoVs could be run through the same amplification protocol without the need to design and use any virus-specific primers. Related virus could be subtyped by the unique pattern of hybridization with the amplified product to the microarray. By testing 22 clinical fecal specimens obtained from acute gastroenteritis cases as blinded samples, 2 were GI positive and 18 were GII positive as well as 2 negative for NoVs. A NoV GII positive specimen was also identified as having co-occurrence of hepatitis A virus. The study showed that there was 100 % concordance for positive NoV detection at genogroup level between the results of Ribo-SPIA/microarray and the phylogenetic analysis of viral sequences of the capsid gene. In addition, 85 % genotype agreement was observed for the new assay compared to the results of phylogenetic analysis.
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract Noroviruses (NoVs) have high levels of genetic sequence diversities, which lead to difficulties in designing robust universal primers to efficiently amplify specific viral genomes for molecular analysis. We here described the practicality of sequence-independent amplification combined with DNA microarray analysis for simultaneous detection and genotyping of human NoVs in fecal specimens. We showed that single primer isothermal linear amplification (Ribo-SPIA) of genogroup I (GI) and genogroup II (GII) NoVs could be run through the same amplification protocol without the need to design and use any virus-specific primers. Related virus could be subtyped by the unique pattern of hybridization with the amplified product to the microarray. By testing 22 clinical fecal specimens obtained from acute gastroenteritis cases as blinded samples, 2 were GI positive and 18 were GII positive as well as 2 negative for NoVs. A NoV GII positive specimen was also identified as having co-occurrence of hepatitis A virus. The study showed that there was 100 % concordance for positive NoV detection at genogroup level between the results of Ribo-SPIA/microarray and the phylogenetic analysis of viral sequences of the capsid gene. In addition, 85 % genotype agreement was observed for the new assay compared to the results of phylogenetic analysis.
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title_short	Sequence-independent amplification coupled with DNA microarray analysis for detection and genotyping of noroviruses
url	https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13568-015-0156-x
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up_date	2024-07-04T01:25:32.191Z
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Sequence-independent amplification coupled with DNA microarray analysis for detection and genotyping of noroviruses

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