Opening the Flood Gates

Abstract Interferon (IFN)-α is the main IFN produced in response to viral infection. Low levels of IFNα can be detected in nasal secretions after exposure to viruses in vivo. Radioimmunoassay has shown that endogenous IFNα is low in children, reaches a peak in young adults, and gradually declines with aging. Importantly, this endogenous IFNα is significantly decreased in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). IFNα has been tested as a therapeutic agent in patients with SS. Intramuscular human leucocyte IFNα increases saliva production significantly in patients with SS. Improvements have been noted in lacrimal function and in dryness symptoms. Since IFNα infrequently induces autoimmune phenomena and high dose IFNα treatment sometimes has a serious adverse event profile, treatment focus has shifted to use of low dose orally-administered IFNα. In a single-masked controlled trial, 60 patients with SS randomly received natural human IFNα 150IU 3 times a day in an oral lozenge formulation or sucralfate as control for 6 months. At study end, 15 (50%) of the 30 IFNα-treated patients had saliva production increases at least 100% above baseline. IFNα treatment was well tolerated and no patients withdrew. Labial minor salivary gland biopsies indicated significant decreases in lymphocytic infiltration accompanied by a significant increase in intact salivary gland tissue after 6 months of treatment. In another 12-week double-masked, randomised, placebo-controlled trial, stimulated saliva production in patients with SS receiving IFNα lozenges 150IU 3 times daily was significantly increased. This dosage was also suggestive of benefit for 5 of 7 subjective measures of oral and ocular comfort. The tolerability profile of these low dose oral IFNα lozenges is excellent; no serious adverse events have been recorded. Adverse effects were generally mild and there were no clinically significant changes in laboratory or clinical safety measures. Low oral doses of natural human IFNα thus appear to improve secretory function and relieve dryness in patients with SS without causing significant adverse events. Endogenous or orally administered IFNα may activate oropharyngeal lymphoid and epithelial cells and induce production of potent soluble factors which could mediate immunological reactivity. It has been suggested that IFNα/β potentiates clonal expansion and survival of CD8 T cells. Stimulating effects have also been demonstrated on natural killer cell activity, which has been shown to be depressed in patients with SS. It is likely that some combination of these immunological effects results in anti-inflammatory activity and ameliorates signs and symptoms of SS. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Shiozawa, Shunichi [verfasserIn] Cummins, Joseph M. [verfasserIn] Fox, Philip C. [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2000

Schlagwörter:	AQP5 Expression Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca Saliva Production Ocular Comfort Regular Dental Checkup

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: BioDrugs - Berlin [u.a.] : Springer, 1997, 13(2000), 5 vom: Mai, Seite 305-311
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:13 ; year:2000 ; number:5 ; month:05 ; pages:305-311

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.2165/00063030-200013050-00001

Katalog-ID:	SPR032982704

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520			\|a Abstract Interferon (IFN)-α is the main IFN produced in response to viral infection. Low levels of IFNα can be detected in nasal secretions after exposure to viruses in vivo. Radioimmunoassay has shown that endogenous IFNα is low in children, reaches a peak in young adults, and gradually declines with aging. Importantly, this endogenous IFNα is significantly decreased in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). IFNα has been tested as a therapeutic agent in patients with SS. Intramuscular human leucocyte IFNα increases saliva production significantly in patients with SS. Improvements have been noted in lacrimal function and in dryness symptoms. Since IFNα infrequently induces autoimmune phenomena and high dose IFNα treatment sometimes has a serious adverse event profile, treatment focus has shifted to use of low dose orally-administered IFNα. In a single-masked controlled trial, 60 patients with SS randomly received natural human IFNα 150IU 3 times a day in an oral lozenge formulation or sucralfate as control for 6 months. At study end, 15 (50%) of the 30 IFNα-treated patients had saliva production increases at least 100% above baseline. IFNα treatment was well tolerated and no patients withdrew. Labial minor salivary gland biopsies indicated significant decreases in lymphocytic infiltration accompanied by a significant increase in intact salivary gland tissue after 6 months of treatment. In another 12-week double-masked, randomised, placebo-controlled trial, stimulated saliva production in patients with SS receiving IFNα lozenges 150IU 3 times daily was significantly increased. This dosage was also suggestive of benefit for 5 of 7 subjective measures of oral and ocular comfort. The tolerability profile of these low dose oral IFNα lozenges is excellent; no serious adverse events have been recorded. Adverse effects were generally mild and there were no clinically significant changes in laboratory or clinical safety measures. Low oral doses of natural human IFNα thus appear to improve secretory function and relieve dryness in patients with SS without causing significant adverse events. Endogenous or orally administered IFNα may activate oropharyngeal lymphoid and epithelial cells and induce production of potent soluble factors which could mediate immunological reactivity. It has been suggested that IFNα/β potentiates clonal expansion and survival of CD8 T cells. Stimulating effects have also been demonstrated on natural killer cell activity, which has been shown to be depressed in patients with SS. It is likely that some combination of these immunological effects results in anti-inflammatory activity and ameliorates signs and symptoms of SS.
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700	1		\|a Fox, Philip C. \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
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912			\|a GBV_ILN_20
912			\|a GBV_ILN_22
912			\|a GBV_ILN_23
912			\|a GBV_ILN_24
912			\|a GBV_ILN_31
912			\|a GBV_ILN_32
912			\|a GBV_ILN_39
912			\|a GBV_ILN_40
912			\|a GBV_ILN_60
912			\|a GBV_ILN_62
912			\|a GBV_ILN_63
912			\|a GBV_ILN_65
912			\|a GBV_ILN_69
912			\|a GBV_ILN_70
912			\|a GBV_ILN_73
912			\|a GBV_ILN_74
912			\|a GBV_ILN_90
912			\|a GBV_ILN_95
912			\|a GBV_ILN_100
912			\|a GBV_ILN_101
912			\|a GBV_ILN_105
912			\|a GBV_ILN_110
912			\|a GBV_ILN_120
912			\|a GBV_ILN_138
912			\|a GBV_ILN_150
912			\|a GBV_ILN_151
912			\|a GBV_ILN_161
912			\|a GBV_ILN_170
912			\|a GBV_ILN_171
912			\|a GBV_ILN_187
912			\|a GBV_ILN_206
912			\|a GBV_ILN_213
912			\|a GBV_ILN_224
912			\|a GBV_ILN_230
912			\|a GBV_ILN_250
912			\|a GBV_ILN_266
912			\|a GBV_ILN_281
912			\|a GBV_ILN_285
912			\|a GBV_ILN_293
912			\|a GBV_ILN_370
912			\|a GBV_ILN_602
912			\|a GBV_ILN_636
912			\|a GBV_ILN_702
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2001
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2003
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2004
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2005
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2006
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2007
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2008
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2009
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2010
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2011
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2014
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2015
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2020
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2021
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2025
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2026
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2027
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2031
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2034
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2037
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2038
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2039
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2044
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2048
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2049
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2050
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2055
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2056
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2057
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2059
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2061
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2064
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2065
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2068
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2088
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2093
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2106
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2107
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2108
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2110
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2111
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2112
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2113
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2118
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2129
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2143
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2144
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2147
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912			\|a GBV_ILN_2152
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2153
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2188
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2190
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2232
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2336
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2446
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2470
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2472
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2507
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2522
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2548
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4035
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4037
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4046
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4112
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4125
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4242
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4246
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4249
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4251
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4305
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4306
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4307
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4313
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4322
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4323
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4324
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4325
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4326
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4333
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4334
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4335
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4336
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4338
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912			\|a GBV_ILN_4700
951			\|a AR
952			\|d 13 \|j 2000 \|e 5 \|c 05 \|h 305-311

Indexfelder

author_variant	s s ss j m c jm jmc p c f pc pcf
matchkey_str	article:1179190X:2000----::pnntelo
hierarchy_sort_str	2000
publishDate	2000
allfields	10.2165/00063030-200013050-00001 doi (DE-627)SPR032982704 (SPR)00063030-200013050-00001-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 ASE Shiozawa, Shunichi verfasserin aut Opening the Flood Gates 2000 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Interferon (IFN)-α is the main IFN produced in response to viral infection. Low levels of IFNα can be detected in nasal secretions after exposure to viruses in vivo. Radioimmunoassay has shown that endogenous IFNα is low in children, reaches a peak in young adults, and gradually declines with aging. Importantly, this endogenous IFNα is significantly decreased in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). IFNα has been tested as a therapeutic agent in patients with SS. Intramuscular human leucocyte IFNα increases saliva production significantly in patients with SS. Improvements have been noted in lacrimal function and in dryness symptoms. Since IFNα infrequently induces autoimmune phenomena and high dose IFNα treatment sometimes has a serious adverse event profile, treatment focus has shifted to use of low dose orally-administered IFNα. In a single-masked controlled trial, 60 patients with SS randomly received natural human IFNα 150IU 3 times a day in an oral lozenge formulation or sucralfate as control for 6 months. At study end, 15 (50%) of the 30 IFNα-treated patients had saliva production increases at least 100% above baseline. IFNα treatment was well tolerated and no patients withdrew. Labial minor salivary gland biopsies indicated significant decreases in lymphocytic infiltration accompanied by a significant increase in intact salivary gland tissue after 6 months of treatment. In another 12-week double-masked, randomised, placebo-controlled trial, stimulated saliva production in patients with SS receiving IFNα lozenges 150IU 3 times daily was significantly increased. This dosage was also suggestive of benefit for 5 of 7 subjective measures of oral and ocular comfort. The tolerability profile of these low dose oral IFNα lozenges is excellent; no serious adverse events have been recorded. Adverse effects were generally mild and there were no clinically significant changes in laboratory or clinical safety measures. Low oral doses of natural human IFNα thus appear to improve secretory function and relieve dryness in patients with SS without causing significant adverse events. Endogenous or orally administered IFNα may activate oropharyngeal lymphoid and epithelial cells and induce production of potent soluble factors which could mediate immunological reactivity. It has been suggested that IFNα/β potentiates clonal expansion and survival of CD8 T cells. Stimulating effects have also been demonstrated on natural killer cell activity, which has been shown to be depressed in patients with SS. It is likely that some combination of these immunological effects results in anti-inflammatory activity and ameliorates signs and symptoms of SS. AQP5 Expression (dpeaa)DE-He213 Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (dpeaa)DE-He213 Saliva Production (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ocular Comfort (dpeaa)DE-He213 Regular Dental Checkup (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cummins, Joseph M. verfasserin aut Fox, Philip C. verfasserin aut Enthalten in BioDrugs Berlin [u.a.] : Springer, 1997 13(2000), 5 vom: Mai, Seite 305-311 (DE-627)327644672 (DE-600)2043743-2 1179-190X nnns volume:13 year:2000 number:5 month:05 pages:305-311 https://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00063030-200013050-00001 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OPC-PHA SSG-OPC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_266 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2000 5 05 305-311
spelling	10.2165/00063030-200013050-00001 doi (DE-627)SPR032982704 (SPR)00063030-200013050-00001-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 ASE Shiozawa, Shunichi verfasserin aut Opening the Flood Gates 2000 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Interferon (IFN)-α is the main IFN produced in response to viral infection. Low levels of IFNα can be detected in nasal secretions after exposure to viruses in vivo. Radioimmunoassay has shown that endogenous IFNα is low in children, reaches a peak in young adults, and gradually declines with aging. Importantly, this endogenous IFNα is significantly decreased in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). IFNα has been tested as a therapeutic agent in patients with SS. Intramuscular human leucocyte IFNα increases saliva production significantly in patients with SS. Improvements have been noted in lacrimal function and in dryness symptoms. Since IFNα infrequently induces autoimmune phenomena and high dose IFNα treatment sometimes has a serious adverse event profile, treatment focus has shifted to use of low dose orally-administered IFNα. In a single-masked controlled trial, 60 patients with SS randomly received natural human IFNα 150IU 3 times a day in an oral lozenge formulation or sucralfate as control for 6 months. At study end, 15 (50%) of the 30 IFNα-treated patients had saliva production increases at least 100% above baseline. IFNα treatment was well tolerated and no patients withdrew. Labial minor salivary gland biopsies indicated significant decreases in lymphocytic infiltration accompanied by a significant increase in intact salivary gland tissue after 6 months of treatment. In another 12-week double-masked, randomised, placebo-controlled trial, stimulated saliva production in patients with SS receiving IFNα lozenges 150IU 3 times daily was significantly increased. This dosage was also suggestive of benefit for 5 of 7 subjective measures of oral and ocular comfort. The tolerability profile of these low dose oral IFNα lozenges is excellent; no serious adverse events have been recorded. Adverse effects were generally mild and there were no clinically significant changes in laboratory or clinical safety measures. Low oral doses of natural human IFNα thus appear to improve secretory function and relieve dryness in patients with SS without causing significant adverse events. Endogenous or orally administered IFNα may activate oropharyngeal lymphoid and epithelial cells and induce production of potent soluble factors which could mediate immunological reactivity. It has been suggested that IFNα/β potentiates clonal expansion and survival of CD8 T cells. Stimulating effects have also been demonstrated on natural killer cell activity, which has been shown to be depressed in patients with SS. It is likely that some combination of these immunological effects results in anti-inflammatory activity and ameliorates signs and symptoms of SS. AQP5 Expression (dpeaa)DE-He213 Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (dpeaa)DE-He213 Saliva Production (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ocular Comfort (dpeaa)DE-He213 Regular Dental Checkup (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cummins, Joseph M. verfasserin aut Fox, Philip C. verfasserin aut Enthalten in BioDrugs Berlin [u.a.] : Springer, 1997 13(2000), 5 vom: Mai, Seite 305-311 (DE-627)327644672 (DE-600)2043743-2 1179-190X nnns volume:13 year:2000 number:5 month:05 pages:305-311 https://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00063030-200013050-00001 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OPC-PHA SSG-OPC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_266 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2000 5 05 305-311
allfields_unstemmed	10.2165/00063030-200013050-00001 doi (DE-627)SPR032982704 (SPR)00063030-200013050-00001-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 ASE Shiozawa, Shunichi verfasserin aut Opening the Flood Gates 2000 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Interferon (IFN)-α is the main IFN produced in response to viral infection. Low levels of IFNα can be detected in nasal secretions after exposure to viruses in vivo. Radioimmunoassay has shown that endogenous IFNα is low in children, reaches a peak in young adults, and gradually declines with aging. Importantly, this endogenous IFNα is significantly decreased in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). IFNα has been tested as a therapeutic agent in patients with SS. Intramuscular human leucocyte IFNα increases saliva production significantly in patients with SS. Improvements have been noted in lacrimal function and in dryness symptoms. Since IFNα infrequently induces autoimmune phenomena and high dose IFNα treatment sometimes has a serious adverse event profile, treatment focus has shifted to use of low dose orally-administered IFNα. In a single-masked controlled trial, 60 patients with SS randomly received natural human IFNα 150IU 3 times a day in an oral lozenge formulation or sucralfate as control for 6 months. At study end, 15 (50%) of the 30 IFNα-treated patients had saliva production increases at least 100% above baseline. IFNα treatment was well tolerated and no patients withdrew. Labial minor salivary gland biopsies indicated significant decreases in lymphocytic infiltration accompanied by a significant increase in intact salivary gland tissue after 6 months of treatment. In another 12-week double-masked, randomised, placebo-controlled trial, stimulated saliva production in patients with SS receiving IFNα lozenges 150IU 3 times daily was significantly increased. This dosage was also suggestive of benefit for 5 of 7 subjective measures of oral and ocular comfort. The tolerability profile of these low dose oral IFNα lozenges is excellent; no serious adverse events have been recorded. Adverse effects were generally mild and there were no clinically significant changes in laboratory or clinical safety measures. Low oral doses of natural human IFNα thus appear to improve secretory function and relieve dryness in patients with SS without causing significant adverse events. Endogenous or orally administered IFNα may activate oropharyngeal lymphoid and epithelial cells and induce production of potent soluble factors which could mediate immunological reactivity. It has been suggested that IFNα/β potentiates clonal expansion and survival of CD8 T cells. Stimulating effects have also been demonstrated on natural killer cell activity, which has been shown to be depressed in patients with SS. It is likely that some combination of these immunological effects results in anti-inflammatory activity and ameliorates signs and symptoms of SS. AQP5 Expression (dpeaa)DE-He213 Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (dpeaa)DE-He213 Saliva Production (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ocular Comfort (dpeaa)DE-He213 Regular Dental Checkup (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cummins, Joseph M. verfasserin aut Fox, Philip C. verfasserin aut Enthalten in BioDrugs Berlin [u.a.] : Springer, 1997 13(2000), 5 vom: Mai, Seite 305-311 (DE-627)327644672 (DE-600)2043743-2 1179-190X nnns volume:13 year:2000 number:5 month:05 pages:305-311 https://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00063030-200013050-00001 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OPC-PHA SSG-OPC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_266 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2000 5 05 305-311
allfieldsGer	10.2165/00063030-200013050-00001 doi (DE-627)SPR032982704 (SPR)00063030-200013050-00001-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 ASE Shiozawa, Shunichi verfasserin aut Opening the Flood Gates 2000 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Interferon (IFN)-α is the main IFN produced in response to viral infection. Low levels of IFNα can be detected in nasal secretions after exposure to viruses in vivo. Radioimmunoassay has shown that endogenous IFNα is low in children, reaches a peak in young adults, and gradually declines with aging. Importantly, this endogenous IFNα is significantly decreased in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). IFNα has been tested as a therapeutic agent in patients with SS. Intramuscular human leucocyte IFNα increases saliva production significantly in patients with SS. Improvements have been noted in lacrimal function and in dryness symptoms. Since IFNα infrequently induces autoimmune phenomena and high dose IFNα treatment sometimes has a serious adverse event profile, treatment focus has shifted to use of low dose orally-administered IFNα. In a single-masked controlled trial, 60 patients with SS randomly received natural human IFNα 150IU 3 times a day in an oral lozenge formulation or sucralfate as control for 6 months. At study end, 15 (50%) of the 30 IFNα-treated patients had saliva production increases at least 100% above baseline. IFNα treatment was well tolerated and no patients withdrew. Labial minor salivary gland biopsies indicated significant decreases in lymphocytic infiltration accompanied by a significant increase in intact salivary gland tissue after 6 months of treatment. In another 12-week double-masked, randomised, placebo-controlled trial, stimulated saliva production in patients with SS receiving IFNα lozenges 150IU 3 times daily was significantly increased. This dosage was also suggestive of benefit for 5 of 7 subjective measures of oral and ocular comfort. The tolerability profile of these low dose oral IFNα lozenges is excellent; no serious adverse events have been recorded. Adverse effects were generally mild and there were no clinically significant changes in laboratory or clinical safety measures. Low oral doses of natural human IFNα thus appear to improve secretory function and relieve dryness in patients with SS without causing significant adverse events. Endogenous or orally administered IFNα may activate oropharyngeal lymphoid and epithelial cells and induce production of potent soluble factors which could mediate immunological reactivity. It has been suggested that IFNα/β potentiates clonal expansion and survival of CD8 T cells. Stimulating effects have also been demonstrated on natural killer cell activity, which has been shown to be depressed in patients with SS. It is likely that some combination of these immunological effects results in anti-inflammatory activity and ameliorates signs and symptoms of SS. AQP5 Expression (dpeaa)DE-He213 Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (dpeaa)DE-He213 Saliva Production (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ocular Comfort (dpeaa)DE-He213 Regular Dental Checkup (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cummins, Joseph M. verfasserin aut Fox, Philip C. verfasserin aut Enthalten in BioDrugs Berlin [u.a.] : Springer, 1997 13(2000), 5 vom: Mai, Seite 305-311 (DE-627)327644672 (DE-600)2043743-2 1179-190X nnns volume:13 year:2000 number:5 month:05 pages:305-311 https://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00063030-200013050-00001 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OPC-PHA SSG-OPC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_266 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2000 5 05 305-311
allfieldsSound	10.2165/00063030-200013050-00001 doi (DE-627)SPR032982704 (SPR)00063030-200013050-00001-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 ASE Shiozawa, Shunichi verfasserin aut Opening the Flood Gates 2000 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract Interferon (IFN)-α is the main IFN produced in response to viral infection. Low levels of IFNα can be detected in nasal secretions after exposure to viruses in vivo. Radioimmunoassay has shown that endogenous IFNα is low in children, reaches a peak in young adults, and gradually declines with aging. Importantly, this endogenous IFNα is significantly decreased in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). IFNα has been tested as a therapeutic agent in patients with SS. Intramuscular human leucocyte IFNα increases saliva production significantly in patients with SS. Improvements have been noted in lacrimal function and in dryness symptoms. Since IFNα infrequently induces autoimmune phenomena and high dose IFNα treatment sometimes has a serious adverse event profile, treatment focus has shifted to use of low dose orally-administered IFNα. In a single-masked controlled trial, 60 patients with SS randomly received natural human IFNα 150IU 3 times a day in an oral lozenge formulation or sucralfate as control for 6 months. At study end, 15 (50%) of the 30 IFNα-treated patients had saliva production increases at least 100% above baseline. IFNα treatment was well tolerated and no patients withdrew. Labial minor salivary gland biopsies indicated significant decreases in lymphocytic infiltration accompanied by a significant increase in intact salivary gland tissue after 6 months of treatment. In another 12-week double-masked, randomised, placebo-controlled trial, stimulated saliva production in patients with SS receiving IFNα lozenges 150IU 3 times daily was significantly increased. This dosage was also suggestive of benefit for 5 of 7 subjective measures of oral and ocular comfort. The tolerability profile of these low dose oral IFNα lozenges is excellent; no serious adverse events have been recorded. Adverse effects were generally mild and there were no clinically significant changes in laboratory or clinical safety measures. Low oral doses of natural human IFNα thus appear to improve secretory function and relieve dryness in patients with SS without causing significant adverse events. Endogenous or orally administered IFNα may activate oropharyngeal lymphoid and epithelial cells and induce production of potent soluble factors which could mediate immunological reactivity. It has been suggested that IFNα/β potentiates clonal expansion and survival of CD8 T cells. Stimulating effects have also been demonstrated on natural killer cell activity, which has been shown to be depressed in patients with SS. It is likely that some combination of these immunological effects results in anti-inflammatory activity and ameliorates signs and symptoms of SS. AQP5 Expression (dpeaa)DE-He213 Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (dpeaa)DE-He213 Saliva Production (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ocular Comfort (dpeaa)DE-He213 Regular Dental Checkup (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cummins, Joseph M. verfasserin aut Fox, Philip C. verfasserin aut Enthalten in BioDrugs Berlin [u.a.] : Springer, 1997 13(2000), 5 vom: Mai, Seite 305-311 (DE-627)327644672 (DE-600)2043743-2 1179-190X nnns volume:13 year:2000 number:5 month:05 pages:305-311 https://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00063030-200013050-00001 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OPC-PHA SSG-OPC-ASE GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_266 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 13 2000 5 05 305-311
language	English
source	Enthalten in BioDrugs 13(2000), 5 vom: Mai, Seite 305-311 volume:13 year:2000 number:5 month:05 pages:305-311
sourceStr	Enthalten in BioDrugs 13(2000), 5 vom: Mai, Seite 305-311 volume:13 year:2000 number:5 month:05 pages:305-311
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	AQP5 Expression Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca Saliva Production Ocular Comfort Regular Dental Checkup
dewey-raw	610
isfreeaccess_bool	false
container_title	BioDrugs
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Shiozawa, Shunichi @@aut@@ Cummins, Joseph M. @@aut@@ Fox, Philip C. @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2000-05-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	327644672
dewey-sort	3610
id	SPR032982704
language_de	englisch
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author	Shiozawa, Shunichi
spellingShingle	Shiozawa, Shunichi ddc 610 misc AQP5 Expression misc Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca misc Saliva Production misc Ocular Comfort misc Regular Dental Checkup Opening the Flood Gates
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topic_title	610 ASE Opening the Flood Gates AQP5 Expression (dpeaa)DE-He213 Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (dpeaa)DE-He213 Saliva Production (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ocular Comfort (dpeaa)DE-He213 Regular Dental Checkup (dpeaa)DE-He213
topic	ddc 610 misc AQP5 Expression misc Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca misc Saliva Production misc Ocular Comfort misc Regular Dental Checkup
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title_auth	Opening the Flood Gates
abstract	Abstract Interferon (IFN)-α is the main IFN produced in response to viral infection. Low levels of IFNα can be detected in nasal secretions after exposure to viruses in vivo. Radioimmunoassay has shown that endogenous IFNα is low in children, reaches a peak in young adults, and gradually declines with aging. Importantly, this endogenous IFNα is significantly decreased in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). IFNα has been tested as a therapeutic agent in patients with SS. Intramuscular human leucocyte IFNα increases saliva production significantly in patients with SS. Improvements have been noted in lacrimal function and in dryness symptoms. Since IFNα infrequently induces autoimmune phenomena and high dose IFNα treatment sometimes has a serious adverse event profile, treatment focus has shifted to use of low dose orally-administered IFNα. In a single-masked controlled trial, 60 patients with SS randomly received natural human IFNα 150IU 3 times a day in an oral lozenge formulation or sucralfate as control for 6 months. At study end, 15 (50%) of the 30 IFNα-treated patients had saliva production increases at least 100% above baseline. IFNα treatment was well tolerated and no patients withdrew. Labial minor salivary gland biopsies indicated significant decreases in lymphocytic infiltration accompanied by a significant increase in intact salivary gland tissue after 6 months of treatment. In another 12-week double-masked, randomised, placebo-controlled trial, stimulated saliva production in patients with SS receiving IFNα lozenges 150IU 3 times daily was significantly increased. This dosage was also suggestive of benefit for 5 of 7 subjective measures of oral and ocular comfort. The tolerability profile of these low dose oral IFNα lozenges is excellent; no serious adverse events have been recorded. Adverse effects were generally mild and there were no clinically significant changes in laboratory or clinical safety measures. Low oral doses of natural human IFNα thus appear to improve secretory function and relieve dryness in patients with SS without causing significant adverse events. Endogenous or orally administered IFNα may activate oropharyngeal lymphoid and epithelial cells and induce production of potent soluble factors which could mediate immunological reactivity. It has been suggested that IFNα/β potentiates clonal expansion and survival of CD8 T cells. Stimulating effects have also been demonstrated on natural killer cell activity, which has been shown to be depressed in patients with SS. It is likely that some combination of these immunological effects results in anti-inflammatory activity and ameliorates signs and symptoms of SS.
abstractGer	Abstract Interferon (IFN)-α is the main IFN produced in response to viral infection. Low levels of IFNα can be detected in nasal secretions after exposure to viruses in vivo. Radioimmunoassay has shown that endogenous IFNα is low in children, reaches a peak in young adults, and gradually declines with aging. Importantly, this endogenous IFNα is significantly decreased in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). IFNα has been tested as a therapeutic agent in patients with SS. Intramuscular human leucocyte IFNα increases saliva production significantly in patients with SS. Improvements have been noted in lacrimal function and in dryness symptoms. Since IFNα infrequently induces autoimmune phenomena and high dose IFNα treatment sometimes has a serious adverse event profile, treatment focus has shifted to use of low dose orally-administered IFNα. In a single-masked controlled trial, 60 patients with SS randomly received natural human IFNα 150IU 3 times a day in an oral lozenge formulation or sucralfate as control for 6 months. At study end, 15 (50%) of the 30 IFNα-treated patients had saliva production increases at least 100% above baseline. IFNα treatment was well tolerated and no patients withdrew. Labial minor salivary gland biopsies indicated significant decreases in lymphocytic infiltration accompanied by a significant increase in intact salivary gland tissue after 6 months of treatment. In another 12-week double-masked, randomised, placebo-controlled trial, stimulated saliva production in patients with SS receiving IFNα lozenges 150IU 3 times daily was significantly increased. This dosage was also suggestive of benefit for 5 of 7 subjective measures of oral and ocular comfort. The tolerability profile of these low dose oral IFNα lozenges is excellent; no serious adverse events have been recorded. Adverse effects were generally mild and there were no clinically significant changes in laboratory or clinical safety measures. Low oral doses of natural human IFNα thus appear to improve secretory function and relieve dryness in patients with SS without causing significant adverse events. Endogenous or orally administered IFNα may activate oropharyngeal lymphoid and epithelial cells and induce production of potent soluble factors which could mediate immunological reactivity. It has been suggested that IFNα/β potentiates clonal expansion and survival of CD8 T cells. Stimulating effects have also been demonstrated on natural killer cell activity, which has been shown to be depressed in patients with SS. It is likely that some combination of these immunological effects results in anti-inflammatory activity and ameliorates signs and symptoms of SS.
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract Interferon (IFN)-α is the main IFN produced in response to viral infection. Low levels of IFNα can be detected in nasal secretions after exposure to viruses in vivo. Radioimmunoassay has shown that endogenous IFNα is low in children, reaches a peak in young adults, and gradually declines with aging. Importantly, this endogenous IFNα is significantly decreased in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). IFNα has been tested as a therapeutic agent in patients with SS. Intramuscular human leucocyte IFNα increases saliva production significantly in patients with SS. Improvements have been noted in lacrimal function and in dryness symptoms. Since IFNα infrequently induces autoimmune phenomena and high dose IFNα treatment sometimes has a serious adverse event profile, treatment focus has shifted to use of low dose orally-administered IFNα. In a single-masked controlled trial, 60 patients with SS randomly received natural human IFNα 150IU 3 times a day in an oral lozenge formulation or sucralfate as control for 6 months. At study end, 15 (50%) of the 30 IFNα-treated patients had saliva production increases at least 100% above baseline. IFNα treatment was well tolerated and no patients withdrew. Labial minor salivary gland biopsies indicated significant decreases in lymphocytic infiltration accompanied by a significant increase in intact salivary gland tissue after 6 months of treatment. In another 12-week double-masked, randomised, placebo-controlled trial, stimulated saliva production in patients with SS receiving IFNα lozenges 150IU 3 times daily was significantly increased. This dosage was also suggestive of benefit for 5 of 7 subjective measures of oral and ocular comfort. The tolerability profile of these low dose oral IFNα lozenges is excellent; no serious adverse events have been recorded. Adverse effects were generally mild and there were no clinically significant changes in laboratory or clinical safety measures. Low oral doses of natural human IFNα thus appear to improve secretory function and relieve dryness in patients with SS without causing significant adverse events. Endogenous or orally administered IFNα may activate oropharyngeal lymphoid and epithelial cells and induce production of potent soluble factors which could mediate immunological reactivity. It has been suggested that IFNα/β potentiates clonal expansion and survival of CD8 T cells. Stimulating effects have also been demonstrated on natural killer cell activity, which has been shown to be depressed in patients with SS. It is likely that some combination of these immunological effects results in anti-inflammatory activity and ameliorates signs and symptoms of SS.
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container_issue	5
title_short	Opening the Flood Gates
url	https://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00063030-200013050-00001
remote_bool	true
author2	Cummins, Joseph M. Fox, Philip C.
author2Str	Cummins, Joseph M. Fox, Philip C.
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doi_str	10.2165/00063030-200013050-00001
up_date	2024-07-03T15:51:46.592Z
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score	7.40075

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