Anaerobic slurry co-digestion of poultry manure and straw: effect of organic loading and temperature

Abstract In order to obtain basic design criteria for anaerobic digestion of a mixture of poultry manure and wheat straw, the effects of different temperatures and organic loading rates on the biogas yield and methane contents were evaluated. Since poultry manure is a poor substrate, in term of the...
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Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Babaee, Azadeh [verfasserIn] Shayegan, Jalal [verfasserIn] Roshani, Anis [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2013

Schlagwörter:	Anaerobic digestion Poultry manure Wheat straw Biogas Yield

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Journal of environmental health science & engineering - London : Springer Nature, 2012, 11(2013), 1 vom: 03. Juli
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:11 ; year:2013 ; number:1 ; day:03 ; month:07

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1186/2052-336X-11-15

Katalog-ID:	SPR033851484

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520			\|a Abstract In order to obtain basic design criteria for anaerobic digestion of a mixture of poultry manure and wheat straw, the effects of different temperatures and organic loading rates on the biogas yield and methane contents were evaluated. Since poultry manure is a poor substrate, in term of the availability of the nutrients, external supplementation of carbon has to be regularly performed, in order to achieve a stable and efficient process. The complete-mix, pilot-scale digester with working volume of 70 L was used. The digestion operated at 25°C, 30°C and 35°C with organic loading rates of 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4.0 kg Volatile solid/$ m^{3} $d and a HRT of 15 days. At a temperature of 35°C, the methane yield was increased by 43% compared to 25°C. Anaerobic co-digestion appeared feasible with a loading rate of 3.0 kg VS/$ m^{3} $d at 35°C. At this state, the specific methane yield was calculated about 0.12 $ m^{3} $/kg VS with a methane content of 53–70.2% in the biogas. The volatile solid (VS) removal was 72%. As a result of volatile fatty acid accumulation and decrease in pH, when the loading rate was less than 1 or greater than 4 kg VS/$ m^{3} $d, the process was inhibited or overloaded, respectively. Both the lower and higher loading rates resulted in a decline in the methane yield.
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allfields	10.1186/2052-336X-11-15 doi (DE-627)SPR033851484 (SPR)2052-336X-11-15-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 624 ASE 58.51 bkl Babaee, Azadeh verfasserin aut Anaerobic slurry co-digestion of poultry manure and straw: effect of organic loading and temperature 2013 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract In order to obtain basic design criteria for anaerobic digestion of a mixture of poultry manure and wheat straw, the effects of different temperatures and organic loading rates on the biogas yield and methane contents were evaluated. Since poultry manure is a poor substrate, in term of the availability of the nutrients, external supplementation of carbon has to be regularly performed, in order to achieve a stable and efficient process. The complete-mix, pilot-scale digester with working volume of 70 L was used. The digestion operated at 25°C, 30°C and 35°C with organic loading rates of 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4.0 kg Volatile solid/$ m^{3} $d and a HRT of 15 days. At a temperature of 35°C, the methane yield was increased by 43% compared to 25°C. Anaerobic co-digestion appeared feasible with a loading rate of 3.0 kg VS/$ m^{3} $d at 35°C. At this state, the specific methane yield was calculated about 0.12 $ m^{3} $/kg VS with a methane content of 53–70.2% in the biogas. The volatile solid (VS) removal was 72%. As a result of volatile fatty acid accumulation and decrease in pH, when the loading rate was less than 1 or greater than 4 kg VS/$ m^{3} $d, the process was inhibited or overloaded, respectively. Both the lower and higher loading rates resulted in a decline in the methane yield. Anaerobic digestion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Poultry manure (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wheat straw (dpeaa)DE-He213 Biogas (dpeaa)DE-He213 Yield (dpeaa)DE-He213 Shayegan, Jalal verfasserin aut Roshani, Anis verfasserin aut Enthalten in Journal of environmental health science & engineering London : Springer Nature, 2012 11(2013), 1 vom: 03. Juli (DE-627)778376613 (DE-600)2756287-6 2052-336X nnns volume:11 year:2013 number:1 day:03 month:07 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2052-336X-11-15 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 58.51 ASE AR 11 2013 1 03 07
spelling	10.1186/2052-336X-11-15 doi (DE-627)SPR033851484 (SPR)2052-336X-11-15-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 624 ASE 58.51 bkl Babaee, Azadeh verfasserin aut Anaerobic slurry co-digestion of poultry manure and straw: effect of organic loading and temperature 2013 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract In order to obtain basic design criteria for anaerobic digestion of a mixture of poultry manure and wheat straw, the effects of different temperatures and organic loading rates on the biogas yield and methane contents were evaluated. Since poultry manure is a poor substrate, in term of the availability of the nutrients, external supplementation of carbon has to be regularly performed, in order to achieve a stable and efficient process. The complete-mix, pilot-scale digester with working volume of 70 L was used. The digestion operated at 25°C, 30°C and 35°C with organic loading rates of 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4.0 kg Volatile solid/$ m^{3} $d and a HRT of 15 days. At a temperature of 35°C, the methane yield was increased by 43% compared to 25°C. Anaerobic co-digestion appeared feasible with a loading rate of 3.0 kg VS/$ m^{3} $d at 35°C. At this state, the specific methane yield was calculated about 0.12 $ m^{3} $/kg VS with a methane content of 53–70.2% in the biogas. The volatile solid (VS) removal was 72%. As a result of volatile fatty acid accumulation and decrease in pH, when the loading rate was less than 1 or greater than 4 kg VS/$ m^{3} $d, the process was inhibited or overloaded, respectively. Both the lower and higher loading rates resulted in a decline in the methane yield. Anaerobic digestion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Poultry manure (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wheat straw (dpeaa)DE-He213 Biogas (dpeaa)DE-He213 Yield (dpeaa)DE-He213 Shayegan, Jalal verfasserin aut Roshani, Anis verfasserin aut Enthalten in Journal of environmental health science & engineering London : Springer Nature, 2012 11(2013), 1 vom: 03. Juli (DE-627)778376613 (DE-600)2756287-6 2052-336X nnns volume:11 year:2013 number:1 day:03 month:07 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2052-336X-11-15 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 58.51 ASE AR 11 2013 1 03 07
allfields_unstemmed	10.1186/2052-336X-11-15 doi (DE-627)SPR033851484 (SPR)2052-336X-11-15-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 624 ASE 58.51 bkl Babaee, Azadeh verfasserin aut Anaerobic slurry co-digestion of poultry manure and straw: effect of organic loading and temperature 2013 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract In order to obtain basic design criteria for anaerobic digestion of a mixture of poultry manure and wheat straw, the effects of different temperatures and organic loading rates on the biogas yield and methane contents were evaluated. Since poultry manure is a poor substrate, in term of the availability of the nutrients, external supplementation of carbon has to be regularly performed, in order to achieve a stable and efficient process. The complete-mix, pilot-scale digester with working volume of 70 L was used. The digestion operated at 25°C, 30°C and 35°C with organic loading rates of 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4.0 kg Volatile solid/$ m^{3} $d and a HRT of 15 days. At a temperature of 35°C, the methane yield was increased by 43% compared to 25°C. Anaerobic co-digestion appeared feasible with a loading rate of 3.0 kg VS/$ m^{3} $d at 35°C. At this state, the specific methane yield was calculated about 0.12 $ m^{3} $/kg VS with a methane content of 53–70.2% in the biogas. The volatile solid (VS) removal was 72%. As a result of volatile fatty acid accumulation and decrease in pH, when the loading rate was less than 1 or greater than 4 kg VS/$ m^{3} $d, the process was inhibited or overloaded, respectively. Both the lower and higher loading rates resulted in a decline in the methane yield. Anaerobic digestion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Poultry manure (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wheat straw (dpeaa)DE-He213 Biogas (dpeaa)DE-He213 Yield (dpeaa)DE-He213 Shayegan, Jalal verfasserin aut Roshani, Anis verfasserin aut Enthalten in Journal of environmental health science & engineering London : Springer Nature, 2012 11(2013), 1 vom: 03. Juli (DE-627)778376613 (DE-600)2756287-6 2052-336X nnns volume:11 year:2013 number:1 day:03 month:07 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2052-336X-11-15 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 58.51 ASE AR 11 2013 1 03 07
allfieldsGer	10.1186/2052-336X-11-15 doi (DE-627)SPR033851484 (SPR)2052-336X-11-15-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 624 ASE 58.51 bkl Babaee, Azadeh verfasserin aut Anaerobic slurry co-digestion of poultry manure and straw: effect of organic loading and temperature 2013 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract In order to obtain basic design criteria for anaerobic digestion of a mixture of poultry manure and wheat straw, the effects of different temperatures and organic loading rates on the biogas yield and methane contents were evaluated. Since poultry manure is a poor substrate, in term of the availability of the nutrients, external supplementation of carbon has to be regularly performed, in order to achieve a stable and efficient process. The complete-mix, pilot-scale digester with working volume of 70 L was used. The digestion operated at 25°C, 30°C and 35°C with organic loading rates of 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4.0 kg Volatile solid/$ m^{3} $d and a HRT of 15 days. At a temperature of 35°C, the methane yield was increased by 43% compared to 25°C. Anaerobic co-digestion appeared feasible with a loading rate of 3.0 kg VS/$ m^{3} $d at 35°C. At this state, the specific methane yield was calculated about 0.12 $ m^{3} $/kg VS with a methane content of 53–70.2% in the biogas. The volatile solid (VS) removal was 72%. As a result of volatile fatty acid accumulation and decrease in pH, when the loading rate was less than 1 or greater than 4 kg VS/$ m^{3} $d, the process was inhibited or overloaded, respectively. Both the lower and higher loading rates resulted in a decline in the methane yield. Anaerobic digestion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Poultry manure (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wheat straw (dpeaa)DE-He213 Biogas (dpeaa)DE-He213 Yield (dpeaa)DE-He213 Shayegan, Jalal verfasserin aut Roshani, Anis verfasserin aut Enthalten in Journal of environmental health science & engineering London : Springer Nature, 2012 11(2013), 1 vom: 03. Juli (DE-627)778376613 (DE-600)2756287-6 2052-336X nnns volume:11 year:2013 number:1 day:03 month:07 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2052-336X-11-15 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 58.51 ASE AR 11 2013 1 03 07
allfieldsSound	10.1186/2052-336X-11-15 doi (DE-627)SPR033851484 (SPR)2052-336X-11-15-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 624 ASE 58.51 bkl Babaee, Azadeh verfasserin aut Anaerobic slurry co-digestion of poultry manure and straw: effect of organic loading and temperature 2013 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Abstract In order to obtain basic design criteria for anaerobic digestion of a mixture of poultry manure and wheat straw, the effects of different temperatures and organic loading rates on the biogas yield and methane contents were evaluated. Since poultry manure is a poor substrate, in term of the availability of the nutrients, external supplementation of carbon has to be regularly performed, in order to achieve a stable and efficient process. The complete-mix, pilot-scale digester with working volume of 70 L was used. The digestion operated at 25°C, 30°C and 35°C with organic loading rates of 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4.0 kg Volatile solid/$ m^{3} $d and a HRT of 15 days. At a temperature of 35°C, the methane yield was increased by 43% compared to 25°C. Anaerobic co-digestion appeared feasible with a loading rate of 3.0 kg VS/$ m^{3} $d at 35°C. At this state, the specific methane yield was calculated about 0.12 $ m^{3} $/kg VS with a methane content of 53–70.2% in the biogas. The volatile solid (VS) removal was 72%. As a result of volatile fatty acid accumulation and decrease in pH, when the loading rate was less than 1 or greater than 4 kg VS/$ m^{3} $d, the process was inhibited or overloaded, respectively. Both the lower and higher loading rates resulted in a decline in the methane yield. Anaerobic digestion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Poultry manure (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wheat straw (dpeaa)DE-He213 Biogas (dpeaa)DE-He213 Yield (dpeaa)DE-He213 Shayegan, Jalal verfasserin aut Roshani, Anis verfasserin aut Enthalten in Journal of environmental health science & engineering London : Springer Nature, 2012 11(2013), 1 vom: 03. Juli (DE-627)778376613 (DE-600)2756287-6 2052-336X nnns volume:11 year:2013 number:1 day:03 month:07 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2052-336X-11-15 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 58.51 ASE AR 11 2013 1 03 07
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author	Babaee, Azadeh
spellingShingle	Babaee, Azadeh ddc 610 bkl 58.51 misc Anaerobic digestion misc Poultry manure misc Wheat straw misc Biogas misc Yield Anaerobic slurry co-digestion of poultry manure and straw: effect of organic loading and temperature
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topic_title	610 624 ASE 58.51 bkl Anaerobic slurry co-digestion of poultry manure and straw: effect of organic loading and temperature Anaerobic digestion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Poultry manure (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wheat straw (dpeaa)DE-He213 Biogas (dpeaa)DE-He213 Yield (dpeaa)DE-He213
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title	Anaerobic slurry co-digestion of poultry manure and straw: effect of organic loading and temperature
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title_full	Anaerobic slurry co-digestion of poultry manure and straw: effect of organic loading and temperature
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title_sort	anaerobic slurry co-digestion of poultry manure and straw: effect of organic loading and temperature
title_auth	Anaerobic slurry co-digestion of poultry manure and straw: effect of organic loading and temperature
abstract	Abstract In order to obtain basic design criteria for anaerobic digestion of a mixture of poultry manure and wheat straw, the effects of different temperatures and organic loading rates on the biogas yield and methane contents were evaluated. Since poultry manure is a poor substrate, in term of the availability of the nutrients, external supplementation of carbon has to be regularly performed, in order to achieve a stable and efficient process. The complete-mix, pilot-scale digester with working volume of 70 L was used. The digestion operated at 25°C, 30°C and 35°C with organic loading rates of 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4.0 kg Volatile solid/$ m^{3} $d and a HRT of 15 days. At a temperature of 35°C, the methane yield was increased by 43% compared to 25°C. Anaerobic co-digestion appeared feasible with a loading rate of 3.0 kg VS/$ m^{3} $d at 35°C. At this state, the specific methane yield was calculated about 0.12 $ m^{3} $/kg VS with a methane content of 53–70.2% in the biogas. The volatile solid (VS) removal was 72%. As a result of volatile fatty acid accumulation and decrease in pH, when the loading rate was less than 1 or greater than 4 kg VS/$ m^{3} $d, the process was inhibited or overloaded, respectively. Both the lower and higher loading rates resulted in a decline in the methane yield.
abstractGer	Abstract In order to obtain basic design criteria for anaerobic digestion of a mixture of poultry manure and wheat straw, the effects of different temperatures and organic loading rates on the biogas yield and methane contents were evaluated. Since poultry manure is a poor substrate, in term of the availability of the nutrients, external supplementation of carbon has to be regularly performed, in order to achieve a stable and efficient process. The complete-mix, pilot-scale digester with working volume of 70 L was used. The digestion operated at 25°C, 30°C and 35°C with organic loading rates of 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4.0 kg Volatile solid/$ m^{3} $d and a HRT of 15 days. At a temperature of 35°C, the methane yield was increased by 43% compared to 25°C. Anaerobic co-digestion appeared feasible with a loading rate of 3.0 kg VS/$ m^{3} $d at 35°C. At this state, the specific methane yield was calculated about 0.12 $ m^{3} $/kg VS with a methane content of 53–70.2% in the biogas. The volatile solid (VS) removal was 72%. As a result of volatile fatty acid accumulation and decrease in pH, when the loading rate was less than 1 or greater than 4 kg VS/$ m^{3} $d, the process was inhibited or overloaded, respectively. Both the lower and higher loading rates resulted in a decline in the methane yield.
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract In order to obtain basic design criteria for anaerobic digestion of a mixture of poultry manure and wheat straw, the effects of different temperatures and organic loading rates on the biogas yield and methane contents were evaluated. Since poultry manure is a poor substrate, in term of the availability of the nutrients, external supplementation of carbon has to be regularly performed, in order to achieve a stable and efficient process. The complete-mix, pilot-scale digester with working volume of 70 L was used. The digestion operated at 25°C, 30°C and 35°C with organic loading rates of 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4.0 kg Volatile solid/$ m^{3} $d and a HRT of 15 days. At a temperature of 35°C, the methane yield was increased by 43% compared to 25°C. Anaerobic co-digestion appeared feasible with a loading rate of 3.0 kg VS/$ m^{3} $d at 35°C. At this state, the specific methane yield was calculated about 0.12 $ m^{3} $/kg VS with a methane content of 53–70.2% in the biogas. The volatile solid (VS) removal was 72%. As a result of volatile fatty acid accumulation and decrease in pH, when the loading rate was less than 1 or greater than 4 kg VS/$ m^{3} $d, the process was inhibited or overloaded, respectively. Both the lower and higher loading rates resulted in a decline in the methane yield.
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title_short	Anaerobic slurry co-digestion of poultry manure and straw: effect of organic loading and temperature
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Since poultry manure is a poor substrate, in term of the availability of the nutrients, external supplementation of carbon has to be regularly performed, in order to achieve a stable and efficient process. The complete-mix, pilot-scale digester with working volume of 70 L was used. The digestion operated at 25°C, 30°C and 35°C with organic loading rates of 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4.0 kg Volatile solid/$ m^{3} $d and a HRT of 15 days. At a temperature of 35°C, the methane yield was increased by 43% compared to 25°C. Anaerobic co-digestion appeared feasible with a loading rate of 3.0 kg VS/$ m^{3} $d at 35°C. At this state, the specific methane yield was calculated about 0.12 $ m^{3} $/kg VS with a methane content of 53–70.2% in the biogas. The volatile solid (VS) removal was 72%. As a result of volatile fatty acid accumulation and decrease in pH, when the loading rate was less than 1 or greater than 4 kg VS/$ m^{3} $d, the process was inhibited or overloaded, respectively. 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Anaerobic slurry co-digestion of poultry manure and straw: effect of organic loading and temperature

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