Association between economic status and body mass index among adolescents: a community-based cross-sectional study in Japan

Background Childhood overweight and obesity is a growing health challenge in Japan and might be associated with childhood poverty. We aimed to investigate the association between low economic status and body mass index (BMI) and to reveal the mediators of this association among junior high school st...
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Autor*in:	Mizuta, Akiko [verfasserIn] Fujiwara, Takeo Ojima, Toshiyuki

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2016

Schlagwörter:	BMI -score Economic status Adolescent Breakfast skipping

Anmerkung:	© The Author(s). 2016

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: BMC Obesity - London : BioMed Central, 2014, 3(2016), 1 vom: 10. Nov.
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:3 ; year:2016 ; number:1 ; day:10 ; month:11

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1186/s40608-016-0127-z

Katalog-ID:	SPR036745227

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520			\|a Background Childhood overweight and obesity is a growing health challenge in Japan and might be associated with childhood poverty. We aimed to investigate the association between low economic status and body mass index (BMI) and to reveal the mediators of this association among junior high school students in Japan. Methods Junior high school students (N = 2968) from two cities in Shizuoka, Japan, were surveyed. Questionnaires assessed subjective economic status, weight, and height. Economic status was categorized into low and non-low, and BMI z-scores were calculated using the WHO Growth Reference. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between economic status and BMI z-scores, adjusted for covariates and stratified by gender. Results Among girls, low economic status was significantly positively associated with BMI z-scores in the crude model (coefficient: 0.35; p = 0.001). In a model adjusted for breakfast skipping, the coefficient of economic status decreased by 28.57 % but remained significant (coefficient: 0.25; p = 0.017). In the final model adjusted for other possible covariates, low economic status remained significantly positively associated with BMI z-score (coefficient: 0.22; p = 0.044). The same association was not found for boys. Conclusions Low economic status was positively associated with higher BMI among girls in junior high school in Japan, but this was not true for boys. Childhood poverty might be associated with overweight and obesity among adolescent girls in Japan. Health policies at junior high schools to discourage breakfast skipping might be effective for countering the association between childhood poverty and overweight in adolescent girls.
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allfields	10.1186/s40608-016-0127-z doi (DE-627)SPR036745227 (SPR)s40608-016-0127-z-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Mizuta, Akiko verfasserin aut Association between economic status and body mass index among adolescents: a community-based cross-sectional study in Japan 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2016 Background Childhood overweight and obesity is a growing health challenge in Japan and might be associated with childhood poverty. We aimed to investigate the association between low economic status and body mass index (BMI) and to reveal the mediators of this association among junior high school students in Japan. Methods Junior high school students (N = 2968) from two cities in Shizuoka, Japan, were surveyed. Questionnaires assessed subjective economic status, weight, and height. Economic status was categorized into low and non-low, and BMI z-scores were calculated using the WHO Growth Reference. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between economic status and BMI z-scores, adjusted for covariates and stratified by gender. Results Among girls, low economic status was significantly positively associated with BMI z-scores in the crude model (coefficient: 0.35; p = 0.001). In a model adjusted for breakfast skipping, the coefficient of economic status decreased by 28.57 % but remained significant (coefficient: 0.25; p = 0.017). In the final model adjusted for other possible covariates, low economic status remained significantly positively associated with BMI z-score (coefficient: 0.22; p = 0.044). The same association was not found for boys. Conclusions Low economic status was positively associated with higher BMI among girls in junior high school in Japan, but this was not true for boys. Childhood poverty might be associated with overweight and obesity among adolescent girls in Japan. Health policies at junior high schools to discourage breakfast skipping might be effective for countering the association between childhood poverty and overweight in adolescent girls. BMI (dpeaa)DE-He213 BMI (dpeaa)DE-He213 -score (dpeaa)DE-He213 Economic status (dpeaa)DE-He213 Adolescent (dpeaa)DE-He213 Breakfast skipping (dpeaa)DE-He213 Fujiwara, Takeo (orcid)0000-0002-1074-3954 aut Ojima, Toshiyuki aut Enthalten in BMC Obesity London : BioMed Central, 2014 3(2016), 1 vom: 10. Nov. (DE-627)779400887 (DE-600)2758687-X 2052-9538 nnns volume:3 year:2016 number:1 day:10 month:11 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40608-016-0127-z kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 3 2016 1 10 11
spelling	10.1186/s40608-016-0127-z doi (DE-627)SPR036745227 (SPR)s40608-016-0127-z-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Mizuta, Akiko verfasserin aut Association between economic status and body mass index among adolescents: a community-based cross-sectional study in Japan 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2016 Background Childhood overweight and obesity is a growing health challenge in Japan and might be associated with childhood poverty. We aimed to investigate the association between low economic status and body mass index (BMI) and to reveal the mediators of this association among junior high school students in Japan. Methods Junior high school students (N = 2968) from two cities in Shizuoka, Japan, were surveyed. Questionnaires assessed subjective economic status, weight, and height. Economic status was categorized into low and non-low, and BMI z-scores were calculated using the WHO Growth Reference. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between economic status and BMI z-scores, adjusted for covariates and stratified by gender. Results Among girls, low economic status was significantly positively associated with BMI z-scores in the crude model (coefficient: 0.35; p = 0.001). In a model adjusted for breakfast skipping, the coefficient of economic status decreased by 28.57 % but remained significant (coefficient: 0.25; p = 0.017). In the final model adjusted for other possible covariates, low economic status remained significantly positively associated with BMI z-score (coefficient: 0.22; p = 0.044). The same association was not found for boys. Conclusions Low economic status was positively associated with higher BMI among girls in junior high school in Japan, but this was not true for boys. Childhood poverty might be associated with overweight and obesity among adolescent girls in Japan. Health policies at junior high schools to discourage breakfast skipping might be effective for countering the association between childhood poverty and overweight in adolescent girls. BMI (dpeaa)DE-He213 BMI (dpeaa)DE-He213 -score (dpeaa)DE-He213 Economic status (dpeaa)DE-He213 Adolescent (dpeaa)DE-He213 Breakfast skipping (dpeaa)DE-He213 Fujiwara, Takeo (orcid)0000-0002-1074-3954 aut Ojima, Toshiyuki aut Enthalten in BMC Obesity London : BioMed Central, 2014 3(2016), 1 vom: 10. Nov. (DE-627)779400887 (DE-600)2758687-X 2052-9538 nnns volume:3 year:2016 number:1 day:10 month:11 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40608-016-0127-z kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 3 2016 1 10 11
allfields_unstemmed	10.1186/s40608-016-0127-z doi (DE-627)SPR036745227 (SPR)s40608-016-0127-z-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Mizuta, Akiko verfasserin aut Association between economic status and body mass index among adolescents: a community-based cross-sectional study in Japan 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2016 Background Childhood overweight and obesity is a growing health challenge in Japan and might be associated with childhood poverty. We aimed to investigate the association between low economic status and body mass index (BMI) and to reveal the mediators of this association among junior high school students in Japan. Methods Junior high school students (N = 2968) from two cities in Shizuoka, Japan, were surveyed. Questionnaires assessed subjective economic status, weight, and height. Economic status was categorized into low and non-low, and BMI z-scores were calculated using the WHO Growth Reference. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between economic status and BMI z-scores, adjusted for covariates and stratified by gender. Results Among girls, low economic status was significantly positively associated with BMI z-scores in the crude model (coefficient: 0.35; p = 0.001). In a model adjusted for breakfast skipping, the coefficient of economic status decreased by 28.57 % but remained significant (coefficient: 0.25; p = 0.017). In the final model adjusted for other possible covariates, low economic status remained significantly positively associated with BMI z-score (coefficient: 0.22; p = 0.044). The same association was not found for boys. Conclusions Low economic status was positively associated with higher BMI among girls in junior high school in Japan, but this was not true for boys. Childhood poverty might be associated with overweight and obesity among adolescent girls in Japan. Health policies at junior high schools to discourage breakfast skipping might be effective for countering the association between childhood poverty and overweight in adolescent girls. BMI (dpeaa)DE-He213 BMI (dpeaa)DE-He213 -score (dpeaa)DE-He213 Economic status (dpeaa)DE-He213 Adolescent (dpeaa)DE-He213 Breakfast skipping (dpeaa)DE-He213 Fujiwara, Takeo (orcid)0000-0002-1074-3954 aut Ojima, Toshiyuki aut Enthalten in BMC Obesity London : BioMed Central, 2014 3(2016), 1 vom: 10. Nov. (DE-627)779400887 (DE-600)2758687-X 2052-9538 nnns volume:3 year:2016 number:1 day:10 month:11 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40608-016-0127-z kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 3 2016 1 10 11
allfieldsGer	10.1186/s40608-016-0127-z doi (DE-627)SPR036745227 (SPR)s40608-016-0127-z-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Mizuta, Akiko verfasserin aut Association between economic status and body mass index among adolescents: a community-based cross-sectional study in Japan 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2016 Background Childhood overweight and obesity is a growing health challenge in Japan and might be associated with childhood poverty. We aimed to investigate the association between low economic status and body mass index (BMI) and to reveal the mediators of this association among junior high school students in Japan. Methods Junior high school students (N = 2968) from two cities in Shizuoka, Japan, were surveyed. Questionnaires assessed subjective economic status, weight, and height. Economic status was categorized into low and non-low, and BMI z-scores were calculated using the WHO Growth Reference. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between economic status and BMI z-scores, adjusted for covariates and stratified by gender. Results Among girls, low economic status was significantly positively associated with BMI z-scores in the crude model (coefficient: 0.35; p = 0.001). In a model adjusted for breakfast skipping, the coefficient of economic status decreased by 28.57 % but remained significant (coefficient: 0.25; p = 0.017). In the final model adjusted for other possible covariates, low economic status remained significantly positively associated with BMI z-score (coefficient: 0.22; p = 0.044). The same association was not found for boys. Conclusions Low economic status was positively associated with higher BMI among girls in junior high school in Japan, but this was not true for boys. Childhood poverty might be associated with overweight and obesity among adolescent girls in Japan. Health policies at junior high schools to discourage breakfast skipping might be effective for countering the association between childhood poverty and overweight in adolescent girls. BMI (dpeaa)DE-He213 BMI (dpeaa)DE-He213 -score (dpeaa)DE-He213 Economic status (dpeaa)DE-He213 Adolescent (dpeaa)DE-He213 Breakfast skipping (dpeaa)DE-He213 Fujiwara, Takeo (orcid)0000-0002-1074-3954 aut Ojima, Toshiyuki aut Enthalten in BMC Obesity London : BioMed Central, 2014 3(2016), 1 vom: 10. Nov. (DE-627)779400887 (DE-600)2758687-X 2052-9538 nnns volume:3 year:2016 number:1 day:10 month:11 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40608-016-0127-z kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 3 2016 1 10 11
allfieldsSound	10.1186/s40608-016-0127-z doi (DE-627)SPR036745227 (SPR)s40608-016-0127-z-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Mizuta, Akiko verfasserin aut Association between economic status and body mass index among adolescents: a community-based cross-sectional study in Japan 2016 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2016 Background Childhood overweight and obesity is a growing health challenge in Japan and might be associated with childhood poverty. We aimed to investigate the association between low economic status and body mass index (BMI) and to reveal the mediators of this association among junior high school students in Japan. Methods Junior high school students (N = 2968) from two cities in Shizuoka, Japan, were surveyed. Questionnaires assessed subjective economic status, weight, and height. Economic status was categorized into low and non-low, and BMI z-scores were calculated using the WHO Growth Reference. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between economic status and BMI z-scores, adjusted for covariates and stratified by gender. Results Among girls, low economic status was significantly positively associated with BMI z-scores in the crude model (coefficient: 0.35; p = 0.001). In a model adjusted for breakfast skipping, the coefficient of economic status decreased by 28.57 % but remained significant (coefficient: 0.25; p = 0.017). In the final model adjusted for other possible covariates, low economic status remained significantly positively associated with BMI z-score (coefficient: 0.22; p = 0.044). The same association was not found for boys. Conclusions Low economic status was positively associated with higher BMI among girls in junior high school in Japan, but this was not true for boys. Childhood poverty might be associated with overweight and obesity among adolescent girls in Japan. Health policies at junior high schools to discourage breakfast skipping might be effective for countering the association between childhood poverty and overweight in adolescent girls. BMI (dpeaa)DE-He213 BMI (dpeaa)DE-He213 -score (dpeaa)DE-He213 Economic status (dpeaa)DE-He213 Adolescent (dpeaa)DE-He213 Breakfast skipping (dpeaa)DE-He213 Fujiwara, Takeo (orcid)0000-0002-1074-3954 aut Ojima, Toshiyuki aut Enthalten in BMC Obesity London : BioMed Central, 2014 3(2016), 1 vom: 10. Nov. (DE-627)779400887 (DE-600)2758687-X 2052-9538 nnns volume:3 year:2016 number:1 day:10 month:11 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40608-016-0127-z kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 3 2016 1 10 11
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In the final model adjusted for other possible covariates, low economic status remained significantly positively associated with BMI z-score (coefficient: 0.22; p = 0.044). The same association was not found for boys. Conclusions Low economic status was positively associated with higher BMI among girls in junior high school in Japan, but this was not true for boys. Childhood poverty might be associated with overweight and obesity among adolescent girls in Japan. 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author	Mizuta, Akiko
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topic_title	Association between economic status and body mass index among adolescents: a community-based cross-sectional study in Japan BMI (dpeaa)DE-He213 -score (dpeaa)DE-He213 Economic status (dpeaa)DE-He213 Adolescent (dpeaa)DE-He213 Breakfast skipping (dpeaa)DE-He213
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title	Association between economic status and body mass index among adolescents: a community-based cross-sectional study in Japan
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title_full	Association between economic status and body mass index among adolescents: a community-based cross-sectional study in Japan
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title_sort	association between economic status and body mass index among adolescents: a community-based cross-sectional study in japan
title_auth	Association between economic status and body mass index among adolescents: a community-based cross-sectional study in Japan
abstract	Background Childhood overweight and obesity is a growing health challenge in Japan and might be associated with childhood poverty. We aimed to investigate the association between low economic status and body mass index (BMI) and to reveal the mediators of this association among junior high school students in Japan. Methods Junior high school students (N = 2968) from two cities in Shizuoka, Japan, were surveyed. Questionnaires assessed subjective economic status, weight, and height. Economic status was categorized into low and non-low, and BMI z-scores were calculated using the WHO Growth Reference. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between economic status and BMI z-scores, adjusted for covariates and stratified by gender. Results Among girls, low economic status was significantly positively associated with BMI z-scores in the crude model (coefficient: 0.35; p = 0.001). In a model adjusted for breakfast skipping, the coefficient of economic status decreased by 28.57 % but remained significant (coefficient: 0.25; p = 0.017). In the final model adjusted for other possible covariates, low economic status remained significantly positively associated with BMI z-score (coefficient: 0.22; p = 0.044). The same association was not found for boys. Conclusions Low economic status was positively associated with higher BMI among girls in junior high school in Japan, but this was not true for boys. Childhood poverty might be associated with overweight and obesity among adolescent girls in Japan. Health policies at junior high schools to discourage breakfast skipping might be effective for countering the association between childhood poverty and overweight in adolescent girls. © The Author(s). 2016
abstractGer	Background Childhood overweight and obesity is a growing health challenge in Japan and might be associated with childhood poverty. We aimed to investigate the association between low economic status and body mass index (BMI) and to reveal the mediators of this association among junior high school students in Japan. Methods Junior high school students (N = 2968) from two cities in Shizuoka, Japan, were surveyed. Questionnaires assessed subjective economic status, weight, and height. Economic status was categorized into low and non-low, and BMI z-scores were calculated using the WHO Growth Reference. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between economic status and BMI z-scores, adjusted for covariates and stratified by gender. Results Among girls, low economic status was significantly positively associated with BMI z-scores in the crude model (coefficient: 0.35; p = 0.001). In a model adjusted for breakfast skipping, the coefficient of economic status decreased by 28.57 % but remained significant (coefficient: 0.25; p = 0.017). In the final model adjusted for other possible covariates, low economic status remained significantly positively associated with BMI z-score (coefficient: 0.22; p = 0.044). The same association was not found for boys. Conclusions Low economic status was positively associated with higher BMI among girls in junior high school in Japan, but this was not true for boys. Childhood poverty might be associated with overweight and obesity among adolescent girls in Japan. Health policies at junior high schools to discourage breakfast skipping might be effective for countering the association between childhood poverty and overweight in adolescent girls. © The Author(s). 2016
abstract_unstemmed	Background Childhood overweight and obesity is a growing health challenge in Japan and might be associated with childhood poverty. We aimed to investigate the association between low economic status and body mass index (BMI) and to reveal the mediators of this association among junior high school students in Japan. Methods Junior high school students (N = 2968) from two cities in Shizuoka, Japan, were surveyed. Questionnaires assessed subjective economic status, weight, and height. Economic status was categorized into low and non-low, and BMI z-scores were calculated using the WHO Growth Reference. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between economic status and BMI z-scores, adjusted for covariates and stratified by gender. Results Among girls, low economic status was significantly positively associated with BMI z-scores in the crude model (coefficient: 0.35; p = 0.001). In a model adjusted for breakfast skipping, the coefficient of economic status decreased by 28.57 % but remained significant (coefficient: 0.25; p = 0.017). In the final model adjusted for other possible covariates, low economic status remained significantly positively associated with BMI z-score (coefficient: 0.22; p = 0.044). The same association was not found for boys. Conclusions Low economic status was positively associated with higher BMI among girls in junior high school in Japan, but this was not true for boys. Childhood poverty might be associated with overweight and obesity among adolescent girls in Japan. Health policies at junior high schools to discourage breakfast skipping might be effective for countering the association between childhood poverty and overweight in adolescent girls. © The Author(s). 2016
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title_short	Association between economic status and body mass index among adolescents: a community-based cross-sectional study in Japan
url	https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40608-016-0127-z
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up_date	2024-07-03T19:24:41.130Z
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In the final model adjusted for other possible covariates, low economic status remained significantly positively associated with BMI z-score (coefficient: 0.22; p = 0.044). The same association was not found for boys. Conclusions Low economic status was positively associated with higher BMI among girls in junior high school in Japan, but this was not true for boys. Childhood poverty might be associated with overweight and obesity among adolescent girls in Japan. 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Association between economic status and body mass index among adolescents: a community-based cross-sectional study in Japan

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