Non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux and its changes in an alpine meadow ecosystem of the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China
Abstract Most soil respiration measurements are conducted during the growing season. In tundra and boreal forest ecosystems, cumulative, non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ fluxes are reported to be a significant component of these systems’ annual carbon budgets. However, little information exists on...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Chang, ZongQiang [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2013 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Anmerkung: |
© Science Press, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Journal of Arid Land - SP Science Press, 2012, 5(2013), 4 vom: 01. Juni, Seite 488-499 |
|---|---|
| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:5 ; year:2013 ; number:4 ; day:01 ; month:06 ; pages:488-499 |
| Links: |
|---|
| DOI / URN: |
10.1007/s40333-013-0179-6 |
|---|
| Katalog-ID: |
SPR037156330 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux and its changes in an alpine meadow ecosystem of the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China |
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| 520 | |a Abstract Most soil respiration measurements are conducted during the growing season. In tundra and boreal forest ecosystems, cumulative, non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ fluxes are reported to be a significant component of these systems’ annual carbon budgets. However, little information exists on soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux during the non-growing season from alpine ecosystems. Therefore, comparing measurements of soil respiration taken annually versus during the growing season will improve the accuracy of estimating ecosystem carbon budgets, as well as predicting the response of soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux to climate changes. In this study, we measured soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux and its spatial and temporal changes for different altitudes during the non-growing season in an alpine meadow located in the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China. Field experiments on the soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux of alpine meadow from the Qilian Mountains were conducted along an elevation gradient from October 2010 to April 2011. We measured the soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux, and analyzed the effects of soil water content and soil temperature on this measure. The results show that soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux gradually decreased along the elevation gradient during the non-growing season. The daily variation of soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux appeared as a single-peak curve. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was low at night, with the lowest value occurring between 02:00–06:00. Then, values started to rise rapidly between 07:00–08:30, and then descend again between 16:00–18:30. The peak soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux appeared from 11:00 to 16:00. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux values gradually decreased from October to February of the next year and started to increase in March. Non-growing season $ Q_{10} $ (the multiplier to the respiration rate for a 10°C increase in temperature) was increased with raising altitude and average $ Q_{10} $ of the Qilian Mountains was generally higher than the average growing season $ Q_{10} $ of the Heihe River Basin. Seasonally, non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was relatively high in October and early spring and low in the winter. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was positively correlated with soil temperature and soil water content. Our results indicate that in alpine ecosystems, soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux continues throughout the non-growing season, and soil respiration is an important component of annual soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux. | ||
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10.1007/s40333-013-0179-6 doi (DE-627)SPR037156330 (SPR)s40333-013-0179-6-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Chang, ZongQiang verfasserin aut Non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux and its changes in an alpine meadow ecosystem of the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China 2013 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Science Press, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 Abstract Most soil respiration measurements are conducted during the growing season. In tundra and boreal forest ecosystems, cumulative, non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ fluxes are reported to be a significant component of these systems’ annual carbon budgets. However, little information exists on soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux during the non-growing season from alpine ecosystems. Therefore, comparing measurements of soil respiration taken annually versus during the growing season will improve the accuracy of estimating ecosystem carbon budgets, as well as predicting the response of soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux to climate changes. In this study, we measured soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux and its spatial and temporal changes for different altitudes during the non-growing season in an alpine meadow located in the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China. Field experiments on the soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux of alpine meadow from the Qilian Mountains were conducted along an elevation gradient from October 2010 to April 2011. We measured the soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux, and analyzed the effects of soil water content and soil temperature on this measure. The results show that soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux gradually decreased along the elevation gradient during the non-growing season. The daily variation of soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux appeared as a single-peak curve. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was low at night, with the lowest value occurring between 02:00–06:00. Then, values started to rise rapidly between 07:00–08:30, and then descend again between 16:00–18:30. The peak soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux appeared from 11:00 to 16:00. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux values gradually decreased from October to February of the next year and started to increase in March. Non-growing season $ Q_{10} $ (the multiplier to the respiration rate for a 10°C increase in temperature) was increased with raising altitude and average $ Q_{10} $ of the Qilian Mountains was generally higher than the average growing season $ Q_{10} $ of the Heihe River Basin. Seasonally, non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was relatively high in October and early spring and low in the winter. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was positively correlated with soil temperature and soil water content. Our results indicate that in alpine ecosystems, soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux continues throughout the non-growing season, and soil respiration is an important component of annual soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux. non-growing season soil CO (dpeaa)DE-He213 efflux (dpeaa)DE-He213 spatial and temporal variation (dpeaa)DE-He213 alpine meadow (dpeaa)DE-He213 Q (dpeaa)DE-He213 values (dpeaa)DE-He213 Qilian Mountains (dpeaa)DE-He213 Liu, XiaoQing aut Feng, Qi aut Che, ZongXi aut Xi, HaiYang aut Su, YongHong aut Si, JianHua aut Enthalten in Journal of Arid Land SP Science Press, 2012 5(2013), 4 vom: 01. Juni, Seite 488-499 (DE-627)SPR037155849 nnns volume:5 year:2013 number:4 day:01 month:06 pages:488-499 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40333-013-0179-6 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_22 AR 5 2013 4 01 06 488-499 |
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10.1007/s40333-013-0179-6 doi (DE-627)SPR037156330 (SPR)s40333-013-0179-6-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Chang, ZongQiang verfasserin aut Non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux and its changes in an alpine meadow ecosystem of the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China 2013 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Science Press, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 Abstract Most soil respiration measurements are conducted during the growing season. In tundra and boreal forest ecosystems, cumulative, non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ fluxes are reported to be a significant component of these systems’ annual carbon budgets. However, little information exists on soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux during the non-growing season from alpine ecosystems. Therefore, comparing measurements of soil respiration taken annually versus during the growing season will improve the accuracy of estimating ecosystem carbon budgets, as well as predicting the response of soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux to climate changes. In this study, we measured soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux and its spatial and temporal changes for different altitudes during the non-growing season in an alpine meadow located in the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China. Field experiments on the soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux of alpine meadow from the Qilian Mountains were conducted along an elevation gradient from October 2010 to April 2011. We measured the soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux, and analyzed the effects of soil water content and soil temperature on this measure. The results show that soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux gradually decreased along the elevation gradient during the non-growing season. The daily variation of soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux appeared as a single-peak curve. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was low at night, with the lowest value occurring between 02:00–06:00. Then, values started to rise rapidly between 07:00–08:30, and then descend again between 16:00–18:30. The peak soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux appeared from 11:00 to 16:00. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux values gradually decreased from October to February of the next year and started to increase in March. Non-growing season $ Q_{10} $ (the multiplier to the respiration rate for a 10°C increase in temperature) was increased with raising altitude and average $ Q_{10} $ of the Qilian Mountains was generally higher than the average growing season $ Q_{10} $ of the Heihe River Basin. Seasonally, non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was relatively high in October and early spring and low in the winter. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was positively correlated with soil temperature and soil water content. Our results indicate that in alpine ecosystems, soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux continues throughout the non-growing season, and soil respiration is an important component of annual soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux. non-growing season soil CO (dpeaa)DE-He213 efflux (dpeaa)DE-He213 spatial and temporal variation (dpeaa)DE-He213 alpine meadow (dpeaa)DE-He213 Q (dpeaa)DE-He213 values (dpeaa)DE-He213 Qilian Mountains (dpeaa)DE-He213 Liu, XiaoQing aut Feng, Qi aut Che, ZongXi aut Xi, HaiYang aut Su, YongHong aut Si, JianHua aut Enthalten in Journal of Arid Land SP Science Press, 2012 5(2013), 4 vom: 01. Juni, Seite 488-499 (DE-627)SPR037155849 nnns volume:5 year:2013 number:4 day:01 month:06 pages:488-499 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40333-013-0179-6 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_22 AR 5 2013 4 01 06 488-499 |
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10.1007/s40333-013-0179-6 doi (DE-627)SPR037156330 (SPR)s40333-013-0179-6-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Chang, ZongQiang verfasserin aut Non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux and its changes in an alpine meadow ecosystem of the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China 2013 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Science Press, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 Abstract Most soil respiration measurements are conducted during the growing season. In tundra and boreal forest ecosystems, cumulative, non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ fluxes are reported to be a significant component of these systems’ annual carbon budgets. However, little information exists on soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux during the non-growing season from alpine ecosystems. Therefore, comparing measurements of soil respiration taken annually versus during the growing season will improve the accuracy of estimating ecosystem carbon budgets, as well as predicting the response of soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux to climate changes. In this study, we measured soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux and its spatial and temporal changes for different altitudes during the non-growing season in an alpine meadow located in the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China. Field experiments on the soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux of alpine meadow from the Qilian Mountains were conducted along an elevation gradient from October 2010 to April 2011. We measured the soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux, and analyzed the effects of soil water content and soil temperature on this measure. The results show that soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux gradually decreased along the elevation gradient during the non-growing season. The daily variation of soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux appeared as a single-peak curve. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was low at night, with the lowest value occurring between 02:00–06:00. Then, values started to rise rapidly between 07:00–08:30, and then descend again between 16:00–18:30. The peak soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux appeared from 11:00 to 16:00. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux values gradually decreased from October to February of the next year and started to increase in March. Non-growing season $ Q_{10} $ (the multiplier to the respiration rate for a 10°C increase in temperature) was increased with raising altitude and average $ Q_{10} $ of the Qilian Mountains was generally higher than the average growing season $ Q_{10} $ of the Heihe River Basin. Seasonally, non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was relatively high in October and early spring and low in the winter. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was positively correlated with soil temperature and soil water content. Our results indicate that in alpine ecosystems, soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux continues throughout the non-growing season, and soil respiration is an important component of annual soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux. non-growing season soil CO (dpeaa)DE-He213 efflux (dpeaa)DE-He213 spatial and temporal variation (dpeaa)DE-He213 alpine meadow (dpeaa)DE-He213 Q (dpeaa)DE-He213 values (dpeaa)DE-He213 Qilian Mountains (dpeaa)DE-He213 Liu, XiaoQing aut Feng, Qi aut Che, ZongXi aut Xi, HaiYang aut Su, YongHong aut Si, JianHua aut Enthalten in Journal of Arid Land SP Science Press, 2012 5(2013), 4 vom: 01. Juni, Seite 488-499 (DE-627)SPR037155849 nnns volume:5 year:2013 number:4 day:01 month:06 pages:488-499 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40333-013-0179-6 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_22 AR 5 2013 4 01 06 488-499 |
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10.1007/s40333-013-0179-6 doi (DE-627)SPR037156330 (SPR)s40333-013-0179-6-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Chang, ZongQiang verfasserin aut Non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux and its changes in an alpine meadow ecosystem of the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China 2013 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Science Press, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 Abstract Most soil respiration measurements are conducted during the growing season. In tundra and boreal forest ecosystems, cumulative, non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ fluxes are reported to be a significant component of these systems’ annual carbon budgets. However, little information exists on soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux during the non-growing season from alpine ecosystems. Therefore, comparing measurements of soil respiration taken annually versus during the growing season will improve the accuracy of estimating ecosystem carbon budgets, as well as predicting the response of soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux to climate changes. In this study, we measured soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux and its spatial and temporal changes for different altitudes during the non-growing season in an alpine meadow located in the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China. Field experiments on the soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux of alpine meadow from the Qilian Mountains were conducted along an elevation gradient from October 2010 to April 2011. We measured the soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux, and analyzed the effects of soil water content and soil temperature on this measure. The results show that soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux gradually decreased along the elevation gradient during the non-growing season. The daily variation of soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux appeared as a single-peak curve. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was low at night, with the lowest value occurring between 02:00–06:00. Then, values started to rise rapidly between 07:00–08:30, and then descend again between 16:00–18:30. The peak soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux appeared from 11:00 to 16:00. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux values gradually decreased from October to February of the next year and started to increase in March. Non-growing season $ Q_{10} $ (the multiplier to the respiration rate for a 10°C increase in temperature) was increased with raising altitude and average $ Q_{10} $ of the Qilian Mountains was generally higher than the average growing season $ Q_{10} $ of the Heihe River Basin. Seasonally, non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was relatively high in October and early spring and low in the winter. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was positively correlated with soil temperature and soil water content. Our results indicate that in alpine ecosystems, soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux continues throughout the non-growing season, and soil respiration is an important component of annual soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux. non-growing season soil CO (dpeaa)DE-He213 efflux (dpeaa)DE-He213 spatial and temporal variation (dpeaa)DE-He213 alpine meadow (dpeaa)DE-He213 Q (dpeaa)DE-He213 values (dpeaa)DE-He213 Qilian Mountains (dpeaa)DE-He213 Liu, XiaoQing aut Feng, Qi aut Che, ZongXi aut Xi, HaiYang aut Su, YongHong aut Si, JianHua aut Enthalten in Journal of Arid Land SP Science Press, 2012 5(2013), 4 vom: 01. Juni, Seite 488-499 (DE-627)SPR037155849 nnns volume:5 year:2013 number:4 day:01 month:06 pages:488-499 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40333-013-0179-6 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_22 AR 5 2013 4 01 06 488-499 |
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10.1007/s40333-013-0179-6 doi (DE-627)SPR037156330 (SPR)s40333-013-0179-6-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Chang, ZongQiang verfasserin aut Non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux and its changes in an alpine meadow ecosystem of the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China 2013 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Science Press, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 Abstract Most soil respiration measurements are conducted during the growing season. In tundra and boreal forest ecosystems, cumulative, non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ fluxes are reported to be a significant component of these systems’ annual carbon budgets. However, little information exists on soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux during the non-growing season from alpine ecosystems. Therefore, comparing measurements of soil respiration taken annually versus during the growing season will improve the accuracy of estimating ecosystem carbon budgets, as well as predicting the response of soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux to climate changes. In this study, we measured soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux and its spatial and temporal changes for different altitudes during the non-growing season in an alpine meadow located in the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China. Field experiments on the soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux of alpine meadow from the Qilian Mountains were conducted along an elevation gradient from October 2010 to April 2011. We measured the soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux, and analyzed the effects of soil water content and soil temperature on this measure. The results show that soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux gradually decreased along the elevation gradient during the non-growing season. The daily variation of soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux appeared as a single-peak curve. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was low at night, with the lowest value occurring between 02:00–06:00. Then, values started to rise rapidly between 07:00–08:30, and then descend again between 16:00–18:30. The peak soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux appeared from 11:00 to 16:00. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux values gradually decreased from October to February of the next year and started to increase in March. Non-growing season $ Q_{10} $ (the multiplier to the respiration rate for a 10°C increase in temperature) was increased with raising altitude and average $ Q_{10} $ of the Qilian Mountains was generally higher than the average growing season $ Q_{10} $ of the Heihe River Basin. Seasonally, non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was relatively high in October and early spring and low in the winter. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was positively correlated with soil temperature and soil water content. Our results indicate that in alpine ecosystems, soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux continues throughout the non-growing season, and soil respiration is an important component of annual soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux. non-growing season soil CO (dpeaa)DE-He213 efflux (dpeaa)DE-He213 spatial and temporal variation (dpeaa)DE-He213 alpine meadow (dpeaa)DE-He213 Q (dpeaa)DE-He213 values (dpeaa)DE-He213 Qilian Mountains (dpeaa)DE-He213 Liu, XiaoQing aut Feng, Qi aut Che, ZongXi aut Xi, HaiYang aut Su, YongHong aut Si, JianHua aut Enthalten in Journal of Arid Land SP Science Press, 2012 5(2013), 4 vom: 01. Juni, Seite 488-499 (DE-627)SPR037155849 nnns volume:5 year:2013 number:4 day:01 month:06 pages:488-499 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40333-013-0179-6 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_22 AR 5 2013 4 01 06 488-499 |
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non-growing season soil $ co_{2} $ efflux and its changes in an alpine meadow ecosystem of the qilian mountains, northwest china |
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Non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux and its changes in an alpine meadow ecosystem of the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China |
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Abstract Most soil respiration measurements are conducted during the growing season. In tundra and boreal forest ecosystems, cumulative, non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ fluxes are reported to be a significant component of these systems’ annual carbon budgets. However, little information exists on soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux during the non-growing season from alpine ecosystems. Therefore, comparing measurements of soil respiration taken annually versus during the growing season will improve the accuracy of estimating ecosystem carbon budgets, as well as predicting the response of soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux to climate changes. In this study, we measured soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux and its spatial and temporal changes for different altitudes during the non-growing season in an alpine meadow located in the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China. Field experiments on the soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux of alpine meadow from the Qilian Mountains were conducted along an elevation gradient from October 2010 to April 2011. We measured the soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux, and analyzed the effects of soil water content and soil temperature on this measure. The results show that soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux gradually decreased along the elevation gradient during the non-growing season. The daily variation of soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux appeared as a single-peak curve. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was low at night, with the lowest value occurring between 02:00–06:00. Then, values started to rise rapidly between 07:00–08:30, and then descend again between 16:00–18:30. The peak soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux appeared from 11:00 to 16:00. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux values gradually decreased from October to February of the next year and started to increase in March. Non-growing season $ Q_{10} $ (the multiplier to the respiration rate for a 10°C increase in temperature) was increased with raising altitude and average $ Q_{10} $ of the Qilian Mountains was generally higher than the average growing season $ Q_{10} $ of the Heihe River Basin. Seasonally, non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was relatively high in October and early spring and low in the winter. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was positively correlated with soil temperature and soil water content. Our results indicate that in alpine ecosystems, soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux continues throughout the non-growing season, and soil respiration is an important component of annual soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux. © Science Press, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 |
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Abstract Most soil respiration measurements are conducted during the growing season. In tundra and boreal forest ecosystems, cumulative, non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ fluxes are reported to be a significant component of these systems’ annual carbon budgets. However, little information exists on soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux during the non-growing season from alpine ecosystems. Therefore, comparing measurements of soil respiration taken annually versus during the growing season will improve the accuracy of estimating ecosystem carbon budgets, as well as predicting the response of soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux to climate changes. In this study, we measured soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux and its spatial and temporal changes for different altitudes during the non-growing season in an alpine meadow located in the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China. Field experiments on the soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux of alpine meadow from the Qilian Mountains were conducted along an elevation gradient from October 2010 to April 2011. We measured the soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux, and analyzed the effects of soil water content and soil temperature on this measure. The results show that soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux gradually decreased along the elevation gradient during the non-growing season. The daily variation of soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux appeared as a single-peak curve. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was low at night, with the lowest value occurring between 02:00–06:00. Then, values started to rise rapidly between 07:00–08:30, and then descend again between 16:00–18:30. The peak soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux appeared from 11:00 to 16:00. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux values gradually decreased from October to February of the next year and started to increase in March. Non-growing season $ Q_{10} $ (the multiplier to the respiration rate for a 10°C increase in temperature) was increased with raising altitude and average $ Q_{10} $ of the Qilian Mountains was generally higher than the average growing season $ Q_{10} $ of the Heihe River Basin. Seasonally, non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was relatively high in October and early spring and low in the winter. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was positively correlated with soil temperature and soil water content. Our results indicate that in alpine ecosystems, soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux continues throughout the non-growing season, and soil respiration is an important component of annual soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux. © Science Press, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Abstract Most soil respiration measurements are conducted during the growing season. In tundra and boreal forest ecosystems, cumulative, non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ fluxes are reported to be a significant component of these systems’ annual carbon budgets. However, little information exists on soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux during the non-growing season from alpine ecosystems. Therefore, comparing measurements of soil respiration taken annually versus during the growing season will improve the accuracy of estimating ecosystem carbon budgets, as well as predicting the response of soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux to climate changes. In this study, we measured soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux and its spatial and temporal changes for different altitudes during the non-growing season in an alpine meadow located in the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China. Field experiments on the soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux of alpine meadow from the Qilian Mountains were conducted along an elevation gradient from October 2010 to April 2011. We measured the soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux, and analyzed the effects of soil water content and soil temperature on this measure. The results show that soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux gradually decreased along the elevation gradient during the non-growing season. The daily variation of soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux appeared as a single-peak curve. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was low at night, with the lowest value occurring between 02:00–06:00. Then, values started to rise rapidly between 07:00–08:30, and then descend again between 16:00–18:30. The peak soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux appeared from 11:00 to 16:00. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux values gradually decreased from October to February of the next year and started to increase in March. Non-growing season $ Q_{10} $ (the multiplier to the respiration rate for a 10°C increase in temperature) was increased with raising altitude and average $ Q_{10} $ of the Qilian Mountains was generally higher than the average growing season $ Q_{10} $ of the Heihe River Basin. Seasonally, non-growing season soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was relatively high in October and early spring and low in the winter. The soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux was positively correlated with soil temperature and soil water content. Our results indicate that in alpine ecosystems, soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux continues throughout the non-growing season, and soil respiration is an important component of annual soil $ CO_{2} $ efflux. © Science Press, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 |
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