Development of an efficient route for combined recycling of PET and cotton from mixed fabrics

Abstract Most textile waste is either incinerated or landfilled today, yet, the material could instead be recycled through chemical recycling to new high-quality textiles. A first important step is separation since chemical recycling of textiles requires pure streams. The focus of this paper is on t...
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Autor*in:	Palme, Anna [verfasserIn] Peterson, Anna de la Motte, Hanna Theliander, Hans Brelid, Harald

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2017

Schlagwörter:	Polycotton Textile recycling Alkaline hydrolysis Polycotton separation Polyester recycling Cotton recycling

Anmerkung:	© The Author(s). 2017

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Textiles and clothing sustainability - Heidelberg : Springer, 2015, 3(2017), 1 vom: 22. Feb.
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:3 ; year:2017 ; number:1 ; day:22 ; month:02

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1186/s40689-017-0026-9

Katalog-ID:	SPR037421441

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allfields	10.1186/s40689-017-0026-9 doi (DE-627)SPR037421441 (SPR)s40689-017-0026-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Palme, Anna verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-5276-2830 aut Development of an efficient route for combined recycling of PET and cotton from mixed fabrics 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2017 Abstract Most textile waste is either incinerated or landfilled today, yet, the material could instead be recycled through chemical recycling to new high-quality textiles. A first important step is separation since chemical recycling of textiles requires pure streams. The focus of this paper is on the separation of cotton and PET (poly(ethylene terephthalate), polyester) from mixed textiles, so called polycotton. Polycotton is one of the most common materials in service textiles used in sheets and towels at hospitals and hotels. A straightforward process using 5–15 wt% NaOH in water and temperature in the range between 70 and 90 °C for the hydrolysis of PET was evaluated on the lab-scale. In the process, the PET was degraded to terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol (EG). Three product streams were generated from the process. First is the cotton; second, the TPA; and, third, the filtrate containing EG and the process chemicals. The end products and the extent of PET degradation were characterized using light microscopy, UV-spectroscopy, and ATR FT-IR spectroscopy, as well as solution and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Furthermore, the cotton cellulose degradation was evaluated by analyzing the intrinsic viscosity of the cotton cellulose. The findings show that with the addition of a phase transfer catalyst (benzyltributylammonium chloride (BTBAC)), PET hydrolysis in 10% NaOH solution at 90 °C can be completed within 40 min. Analysis of the degraded PET with NMR spectroscopy showed that no contaminants remained in the recovered TPA, and that the filtrate mainly contained EG and BTBAC (when added). The yield of the cotton cellulose was high, up to 97%, depending on how long the samples were treated. The findings also showed that the separation can be performed without the phase transfer catalyst; however, this requires longer treatment times, which results in more cellulose degradation. Polycotton (dpeaa)DE-He213 Textile recycling (dpeaa)DE-He213 Alkaline hydrolysis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Polycotton separation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Polyester recycling (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cotton recycling (dpeaa)DE-He213 Peterson, Anna aut de la Motte, Hanna aut Theliander, Hans aut Brelid, Harald aut Enthalten in Textiles and clothing sustainability Heidelberg : Springer, 2015 3(2017), 1 vom: 22. Feb. (DE-627)843896116 (DE-600)2842666-6 2197-9936 nnns volume:3 year:2017 number:1 day:22 month:02 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40689-017-0026-9 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_26 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 3 2017 1 22 02
spelling	10.1186/s40689-017-0026-9 doi (DE-627)SPR037421441 (SPR)s40689-017-0026-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Palme, Anna verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-5276-2830 aut Development of an efficient route for combined recycling of PET and cotton from mixed fabrics 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2017 Abstract Most textile waste is either incinerated or landfilled today, yet, the material could instead be recycled through chemical recycling to new high-quality textiles. A first important step is separation since chemical recycling of textiles requires pure streams. The focus of this paper is on the separation of cotton and PET (poly(ethylene terephthalate), polyester) from mixed textiles, so called polycotton. Polycotton is one of the most common materials in service textiles used in sheets and towels at hospitals and hotels. A straightforward process using 5–15 wt% NaOH in water and temperature in the range between 70 and 90 °C for the hydrolysis of PET was evaluated on the lab-scale. In the process, the PET was degraded to terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol (EG). Three product streams were generated from the process. First is the cotton; second, the TPA; and, third, the filtrate containing EG and the process chemicals. The end products and the extent of PET degradation were characterized using light microscopy, UV-spectroscopy, and ATR FT-IR spectroscopy, as well as solution and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Furthermore, the cotton cellulose degradation was evaluated by analyzing the intrinsic viscosity of the cotton cellulose. The findings show that with the addition of a phase transfer catalyst (benzyltributylammonium chloride (BTBAC)), PET hydrolysis in 10% NaOH solution at 90 °C can be completed within 40 min. Analysis of the degraded PET with NMR spectroscopy showed that no contaminants remained in the recovered TPA, and that the filtrate mainly contained EG and BTBAC (when added). The yield of the cotton cellulose was high, up to 97%, depending on how long the samples were treated. The findings also showed that the separation can be performed without the phase transfer catalyst; however, this requires longer treatment times, which results in more cellulose degradation. Polycotton (dpeaa)DE-He213 Textile recycling (dpeaa)DE-He213 Alkaline hydrolysis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Polycotton separation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Polyester recycling (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cotton recycling (dpeaa)DE-He213 Peterson, Anna aut de la Motte, Hanna aut Theliander, Hans aut Brelid, Harald aut Enthalten in Textiles and clothing sustainability Heidelberg : Springer, 2015 3(2017), 1 vom: 22. Feb. (DE-627)843896116 (DE-600)2842666-6 2197-9936 nnns volume:3 year:2017 number:1 day:22 month:02 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40689-017-0026-9 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_26 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 3 2017 1 22 02
allfields_unstemmed	10.1186/s40689-017-0026-9 doi (DE-627)SPR037421441 (SPR)s40689-017-0026-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Palme, Anna verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-5276-2830 aut Development of an efficient route for combined recycling of PET and cotton from mixed fabrics 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2017 Abstract Most textile waste is either incinerated or landfilled today, yet, the material could instead be recycled through chemical recycling to new high-quality textiles. A first important step is separation since chemical recycling of textiles requires pure streams. The focus of this paper is on the separation of cotton and PET (poly(ethylene terephthalate), polyester) from mixed textiles, so called polycotton. Polycotton is one of the most common materials in service textiles used in sheets and towels at hospitals and hotels. A straightforward process using 5–15 wt% NaOH in water and temperature in the range between 70 and 90 °C for the hydrolysis of PET was evaluated on the lab-scale. In the process, the PET was degraded to terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol (EG). Three product streams were generated from the process. First is the cotton; second, the TPA; and, third, the filtrate containing EG and the process chemicals. The end products and the extent of PET degradation were characterized using light microscopy, UV-spectroscopy, and ATR FT-IR spectroscopy, as well as solution and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Furthermore, the cotton cellulose degradation was evaluated by analyzing the intrinsic viscosity of the cotton cellulose. The findings show that with the addition of a phase transfer catalyst (benzyltributylammonium chloride (BTBAC)), PET hydrolysis in 10% NaOH solution at 90 °C can be completed within 40 min. Analysis of the degraded PET with NMR spectroscopy showed that no contaminants remained in the recovered TPA, and that the filtrate mainly contained EG and BTBAC (when added). The yield of the cotton cellulose was high, up to 97%, depending on how long the samples were treated. The findings also showed that the separation can be performed without the phase transfer catalyst; however, this requires longer treatment times, which results in more cellulose degradation. Polycotton (dpeaa)DE-He213 Textile recycling (dpeaa)DE-He213 Alkaline hydrolysis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Polycotton separation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Polyester recycling (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cotton recycling (dpeaa)DE-He213 Peterson, Anna aut de la Motte, Hanna aut Theliander, Hans aut Brelid, Harald aut Enthalten in Textiles and clothing sustainability Heidelberg : Springer, 2015 3(2017), 1 vom: 22. Feb. (DE-627)843896116 (DE-600)2842666-6 2197-9936 nnns volume:3 year:2017 number:1 day:22 month:02 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40689-017-0026-9 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_26 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 3 2017 1 22 02
allfieldsGer	10.1186/s40689-017-0026-9 doi (DE-627)SPR037421441 (SPR)s40689-017-0026-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Palme, Anna verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-5276-2830 aut Development of an efficient route for combined recycling of PET and cotton from mixed fabrics 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2017 Abstract Most textile waste is either incinerated or landfilled today, yet, the material could instead be recycled through chemical recycling to new high-quality textiles. A first important step is separation since chemical recycling of textiles requires pure streams. The focus of this paper is on the separation of cotton and PET (poly(ethylene terephthalate), polyester) from mixed textiles, so called polycotton. Polycotton is one of the most common materials in service textiles used in sheets and towels at hospitals and hotels. A straightforward process using 5–15 wt% NaOH in water and temperature in the range between 70 and 90 °C for the hydrolysis of PET was evaluated on the lab-scale. In the process, the PET was degraded to terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol (EG). Three product streams were generated from the process. First is the cotton; second, the TPA; and, third, the filtrate containing EG and the process chemicals. The end products and the extent of PET degradation were characterized using light microscopy, UV-spectroscopy, and ATR FT-IR spectroscopy, as well as solution and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Furthermore, the cotton cellulose degradation was evaluated by analyzing the intrinsic viscosity of the cotton cellulose. The findings show that with the addition of a phase transfer catalyst (benzyltributylammonium chloride (BTBAC)), PET hydrolysis in 10% NaOH solution at 90 °C can be completed within 40 min. Analysis of the degraded PET with NMR spectroscopy showed that no contaminants remained in the recovered TPA, and that the filtrate mainly contained EG and BTBAC (when added). The yield of the cotton cellulose was high, up to 97%, depending on how long the samples were treated. The findings also showed that the separation can be performed without the phase transfer catalyst; however, this requires longer treatment times, which results in more cellulose degradation. Polycotton (dpeaa)DE-He213 Textile recycling (dpeaa)DE-He213 Alkaline hydrolysis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Polycotton separation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Polyester recycling (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cotton recycling (dpeaa)DE-He213 Peterson, Anna aut de la Motte, Hanna aut Theliander, Hans aut Brelid, Harald aut Enthalten in Textiles and clothing sustainability Heidelberg : Springer, 2015 3(2017), 1 vom: 22. Feb. (DE-627)843896116 (DE-600)2842666-6 2197-9936 nnns volume:3 year:2017 number:1 day:22 month:02 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40689-017-0026-9 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_26 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 3 2017 1 22 02
allfieldsSound	10.1186/s40689-017-0026-9 doi (DE-627)SPR037421441 (SPR)s40689-017-0026-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Palme, Anna verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-5276-2830 aut Development of an efficient route for combined recycling of PET and cotton from mixed fabrics 2017 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s). 2017 Abstract Most textile waste is either incinerated or landfilled today, yet, the material could instead be recycled through chemical recycling to new high-quality textiles. A first important step is separation since chemical recycling of textiles requires pure streams. The focus of this paper is on the separation of cotton and PET (poly(ethylene terephthalate), polyester) from mixed textiles, so called polycotton. Polycotton is one of the most common materials in service textiles used in sheets and towels at hospitals and hotels. A straightforward process using 5–15 wt% NaOH in water and temperature in the range between 70 and 90 °C for the hydrolysis of PET was evaluated on the lab-scale. In the process, the PET was degraded to terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol (EG). Three product streams were generated from the process. First is the cotton; second, the TPA; and, third, the filtrate containing EG and the process chemicals. The end products and the extent of PET degradation were characterized using light microscopy, UV-spectroscopy, and ATR FT-IR spectroscopy, as well as solution and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Furthermore, the cotton cellulose degradation was evaluated by analyzing the intrinsic viscosity of the cotton cellulose. The findings show that with the addition of a phase transfer catalyst (benzyltributylammonium chloride (BTBAC)), PET hydrolysis in 10% NaOH solution at 90 °C can be completed within 40 min. Analysis of the degraded PET with NMR spectroscopy showed that no contaminants remained in the recovered TPA, and that the filtrate mainly contained EG and BTBAC (when added). The yield of the cotton cellulose was high, up to 97%, depending on how long the samples were treated. The findings also showed that the separation can be performed without the phase transfer catalyst; however, this requires longer treatment times, which results in more cellulose degradation. Polycotton (dpeaa)DE-He213 Textile recycling (dpeaa)DE-He213 Alkaline hydrolysis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Polycotton separation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Polyester recycling (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cotton recycling (dpeaa)DE-He213 Peterson, Anna aut de la Motte, Hanna aut Theliander, Hans aut Brelid, Harald aut Enthalten in Textiles and clothing sustainability Heidelberg : Springer, 2015 3(2017), 1 vom: 22. Feb. (DE-627)843896116 (DE-600)2842666-6 2197-9936 nnns volume:3 year:2017 number:1 day:22 month:02 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40689-017-0026-9 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_26 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 3 2017 1 22 02
language	English
source	Enthalten in Textiles and clothing sustainability 3(2017), 1 vom: 22. Feb. volume:3 year:2017 number:1 day:22 month:02
sourceStr	Enthalten in Textiles and clothing sustainability 3(2017), 1 vom: 22. Feb. volume:3 year:2017 number:1 day:22 month:02
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	Polycotton Textile recycling Alkaline hydrolysis Polycotton separation Polyester recycling Cotton recycling
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container_title	Textiles and clothing sustainability
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Palme, Anna @@aut@@ Peterson, Anna @@aut@@ de la Motte, Hanna @@aut@@ Theliander, Hans @@aut@@ Brelid, Harald @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2017-02-22T00:00:00Z
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author	Palme, Anna
spellingShingle	Palme, Anna misc Polycotton misc Textile recycling misc Alkaline hydrolysis misc Polycotton separation misc Polyester recycling misc Cotton recycling Development of an efficient route for combined recycling of PET and cotton from mixed fabrics
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topic_title	Development of an efficient route for combined recycling of PET and cotton from mixed fabrics Polycotton (dpeaa)DE-He213 Textile recycling (dpeaa)DE-He213 Alkaline hydrolysis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Polycotton separation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Polyester recycling (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cotton recycling (dpeaa)DE-He213
topic	misc Polycotton misc Textile recycling misc Alkaline hydrolysis misc Polycotton separation misc Polyester recycling misc Cotton recycling
topic_unstemmed	misc Polycotton misc Textile recycling misc Alkaline hydrolysis misc Polycotton separation misc Polyester recycling misc Cotton recycling
topic_browse	misc Polycotton misc Textile recycling misc Alkaline hydrolysis misc Polycotton separation misc Polyester recycling misc Cotton recycling
format_facet	Elektronische Aufsätze Aufsätze Elektronische Ressource
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title	Development of an efficient route for combined recycling of PET and cotton from mixed fabrics
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title_full	Development of an efficient route for combined recycling of PET and cotton from mixed fabrics
author_sort	Palme, Anna
journal	Textiles and clothing sustainability
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author_browse	Palme, Anna Peterson, Anna de la Motte, Hanna Theliander, Hans Brelid, Harald
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format_se	Elektronische Aufsätze
author-letter	Palme, Anna
doi_str_mv	10.1186/s40689-017-0026-9
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title_sort	development of an efficient route for combined recycling of pet and cotton from mixed fabrics
title_auth	Development of an efficient route for combined recycling of PET and cotton from mixed fabrics
abstract	Abstract Most textile waste is either incinerated or landfilled today, yet, the material could instead be recycled through chemical recycling to new high-quality textiles. A first important step is separation since chemical recycling of textiles requires pure streams. The focus of this paper is on the separation of cotton and PET (poly(ethylene terephthalate), polyester) from mixed textiles, so called polycotton. Polycotton is one of the most common materials in service textiles used in sheets and towels at hospitals and hotels. A straightforward process using 5–15 wt% NaOH in water and temperature in the range between 70 and 90 °C for the hydrolysis of PET was evaluated on the lab-scale. In the process, the PET was degraded to terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol (EG). Three product streams were generated from the process. First is the cotton; second, the TPA; and, third, the filtrate containing EG and the process chemicals. The end products and the extent of PET degradation were characterized using light microscopy, UV-spectroscopy, and ATR FT-IR spectroscopy, as well as solution and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Furthermore, the cotton cellulose degradation was evaluated by analyzing the intrinsic viscosity of the cotton cellulose. The findings show that with the addition of a phase transfer catalyst (benzyltributylammonium chloride (BTBAC)), PET hydrolysis in 10% NaOH solution at 90 °C can be completed within 40 min. Analysis of the degraded PET with NMR spectroscopy showed that no contaminants remained in the recovered TPA, and that the filtrate mainly contained EG and BTBAC (when added). The yield of the cotton cellulose was high, up to 97%, depending on how long the samples were treated. The findings also showed that the separation can be performed without the phase transfer catalyst; however, this requires longer treatment times, which results in more cellulose degradation. © The Author(s). 2017
abstractGer	Abstract Most textile waste is either incinerated or landfilled today, yet, the material could instead be recycled through chemical recycling to new high-quality textiles. A first important step is separation since chemical recycling of textiles requires pure streams. The focus of this paper is on the separation of cotton and PET (poly(ethylene terephthalate), polyester) from mixed textiles, so called polycotton. Polycotton is one of the most common materials in service textiles used in sheets and towels at hospitals and hotels. A straightforward process using 5–15 wt% NaOH in water and temperature in the range between 70 and 90 °C for the hydrolysis of PET was evaluated on the lab-scale. In the process, the PET was degraded to terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol (EG). Three product streams were generated from the process. First is the cotton; second, the TPA; and, third, the filtrate containing EG and the process chemicals. The end products and the extent of PET degradation were characterized using light microscopy, UV-spectroscopy, and ATR FT-IR spectroscopy, as well as solution and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Furthermore, the cotton cellulose degradation was evaluated by analyzing the intrinsic viscosity of the cotton cellulose. The findings show that with the addition of a phase transfer catalyst (benzyltributylammonium chloride (BTBAC)), PET hydrolysis in 10% NaOH solution at 90 °C can be completed within 40 min. Analysis of the degraded PET with NMR spectroscopy showed that no contaminants remained in the recovered TPA, and that the filtrate mainly contained EG and BTBAC (when added). The yield of the cotton cellulose was high, up to 97%, depending on how long the samples were treated. The findings also showed that the separation can be performed without the phase transfer catalyst; however, this requires longer treatment times, which results in more cellulose degradation. © The Author(s). 2017
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract Most textile waste is either incinerated or landfilled today, yet, the material could instead be recycled through chemical recycling to new high-quality textiles. A first important step is separation since chemical recycling of textiles requires pure streams. The focus of this paper is on the separation of cotton and PET (poly(ethylene terephthalate), polyester) from mixed textiles, so called polycotton. Polycotton is one of the most common materials in service textiles used in sheets and towels at hospitals and hotels. A straightforward process using 5–15 wt% NaOH in water and temperature in the range between 70 and 90 °C for the hydrolysis of PET was evaluated on the lab-scale. In the process, the PET was degraded to terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol (EG). Three product streams were generated from the process. First is the cotton; second, the TPA; and, third, the filtrate containing EG and the process chemicals. The end products and the extent of PET degradation were characterized using light microscopy, UV-spectroscopy, and ATR FT-IR spectroscopy, as well as solution and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Furthermore, the cotton cellulose degradation was evaluated by analyzing the intrinsic viscosity of the cotton cellulose. The findings show that with the addition of a phase transfer catalyst (benzyltributylammonium chloride (BTBAC)), PET hydrolysis in 10% NaOH solution at 90 °C can be completed within 40 min. Analysis of the degraded PET with NMR spectroscopy showed that no contaminants remained in the recovered TPA, and that the filtrate mainly contained EG and BTBAC (when added). The yield of the cotton cellulose was high, up to 97%, depending on how long the samples were treated. The findings also showed that the separation can be performed without the phase transfer catalyst; however, this requires longer treatment times, which results in more cellulose degradation. © The Author(s). 2017
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title_short	Development of an efficient route for combined recycling of PET and cotton from mixed fabrics
url	https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40689-017-0026-9
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author2	Peterson, Anna de la Motte, Hanna Theliander, Hans Brelid, Harald
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