Novel insights into the Thaumarchaeota in the deepest oceans: their metabolism and potential adaptation mechanisms
Background Marine Group I (MGI) Thaumarchaeota, which play key roles in the global biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen and carbon (ammonia oxidizers), thrive in the aphotic deep sea with massive populations. Recent studies have revealed that MGI Thaumarchaeota were present in the deepest part of ocea...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Zhong, Haohui [verfasserIn] Lehtovirta-Morley, Laura [verfasserIn] Liu, Jiwen [verfasserIn] Zheng, Yanfen [verfasserIn] Lin, Heyu [verfasserIn] Song, Delei [verfasserIn] Todd, Jonathan D. [verfasserIn] Tian, Jiwei [verfasserIn] Zhang, Xiao-Hua [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2020 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Microbiome - London : Biomed Central, 2013, 8(2020), 1 vom: 01. Juni |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:8 ; year:2020 ; number:1 ; day:01 ; month:06 |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1186/s40168-020-00849-2 |
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| Katalog-ID: |
SPR039896072 |
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| 520 | |a Background Marine Group I (MGI) Thaumarchaeota, which play key roles in the global biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen and carbon (ammonia oxidizers), thrive in the aphotic deep sea with massive populations. Recent studies have revealed that MGI Thaumarchaeota were present in the deepest part of oceans—the hadal zone (depth > 6000 m, consisting almost entirely of trenches), with the predominant phylotype being distinct from that in the “shallower” deep sea. However, little is known about the metabolism and distribution of these ammonia oxidizers in the hadal water. Results In this study, metagenomic data were obtained from 0–10,500 m deep seawater samples from the Mariana Trench. The distribution patterns of Thaumarchaeota derived from metagenomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were in line with that reported in previous studies: abundance of Thaumarchaeota peaked in bathypelagic zone (depth 1000–4000 m) and the predominant clade shifted in the hadal zone. Several metagenome-assembled thaumarchaeotal genomes were recovered, including a near-complete one representing the dominant hadal phylotype of MGI. Using comparative genomics, we predict that unexpected genes involved in bioenergetics, including two distinct ATP synthase genes (predicted to be coupled with $ H^{+} $ and $ Na^{+} $ respectively), and genes horizontally transferred from other extremophiles, such as those encoding putative di-myo-inositol-phosphate (DIP) synthases, might significantly contribute to the success of this hadal clade under the extreme condition. We also found that hadal MGI have the genetic potential to import a far higher range of organic compounds than their shallower water counterparts. Despite this trait, hadal MDI ammonia oxidation and carbon fixation genes are highly transcribed providing evidence they are likely autotrophic, contributing to the primary production in the aphotic deep sea. Conclusions Our study reveals potentially novel adaptation mechanisms of deep-sea thaumarchaeotal clades and suggests key functions of deep-sea Thaumarchaeota in carbon and nitrogen cycling. Video Abstract | ||
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10.1186/s40168-020-00849-2 doi (DE-627)SPR039896072 (SPR)s40168-020-00849-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 ASE Zhong, Haohui verfasserin aut Novel insights into the Thaumarchaeota in the deepest oceans: their metabolism and potential adaptation mechanisms 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background Marine Group I (MGI) Thaumarchaeota, which play key roles in the global biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen and carbon (ammonia oxidizers), thrive in the aphotic deep sea with massive populations. Recent studies have revealed that MGI Thaumarchaeota were present in the deepest part of oceans—the hadal zone (depth > 6000 m, consisting almost entirely of trenches), with the predominant phylotype being distinct from that in the “shallower” deep sea. However, little is known about the metabolism and distribution of these ammonia oxidizers in the hadal water. Results In this study, metagenomic data were obtained from 0–10,500 m deep seawater samples from the Mariana Trench. The distribution patterns of Thaumarchaeota derived from metagenomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were in line with that reported in previous studies: abundance of Thaumarchaeota peaked in bathypelagic zone (depth 1000–4000 m) and the predominant clade shifted in the hadal zone. Several metagenome-assembled thaumarchaeotal genomes were recovered, including a near-complete one representing the dominant hadal phylotype of MGI. Using comparative genomics, we predict that unexpected genes involved in bioenergetics, including two distinct ATP synthase genes (predicted to be coupled with $ H^{+} $ and $ Na^{+} $ respectively), and genes horizontally transferred from other extremophiles, such as those encoding putative di-myo-inositol-phosphate (DIP) synthases, might significantly contribute to the success of this hadal clade under the extreme condition. We also found that hadal MGI have the genetic potential to import a far higher range of organic compounds than their shallower water counterparts. Despite this trait, hadal MDI ammonia oxidation and carbon fixation genes are highly transcribed providing evidence they are likely autotrophic, contributing to the primary production in the aphotic deep sea. Conclusions Our study reveals potentially novel adaptation mechanisms of deep-sea thaumarchaeotal clades and suggests key functions of deep-sea Thaumarchaeota in carbon and nitrogen cycling. Video Abstract Mariana Trench (dpeaa)DE-He213 Hadal zone (dpeaa)DE-He213 Metagenomics (dpeaa)DE-He213 Comparative genomics (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sodium bioenergetics (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lehtovirta-Morley, Laura verfasserin aut Liu, Jiwen verfasserin aut Zheng, Yanfen verfasserin aut Lin, Heyu verfasserin aut Song, Delei verfasserin aut Todd, Jonathan D. verfasserin aut Tian, Jiwei verfasserin aut Zhang, Xiao-Hua verfasserin aut Enthalten in Microbiome London : Biomed Central, 2013 8(2020), 1 vom: 01. Juni (DE-627)734146140 (DE-600)2697425-3 2049-2618 nnns volume:8 year:2020 number:1 day:01 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-020-00849-2 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 8 2020 1 01 06 |
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10.1186/s40168-020-00849-2 doi (DE-627)SPR039896072 (SPR)s40168-020-00849-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 ASE Zhong, Haohui verfasserin aut Novel insights into the Thaumarchaeota in the deepest oceans: their metabolism and potential adaptation mechanisms 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background Marine Group I (MGI) Thaumarchaeota, which play key roles in the global biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen and carbon (ammonia oxidizers), thrive in the aphotic deep sea with massive populations. Recent studies have revealed that MGI Thaumarchaeota were present in the deepest part of oceans—the hadal zone (depth > 6000 m, consisting almost entirely of trenches), with the predominant phylotype being distinct from that in the “shallower” deep sea. However, little is known about the metabolism and distribution of these ammonia oxidizers in the hadal water. Results In this study, metagenomic data were obtained from 0–10,500 m deep seawater samples from the Mariana Trench. The distribution patterns of Thaumarchaeota derived from metagenomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were in line with that reported in previous studies: abundance of Thaumarchaeota peaked in bathypelagic zone (depth 1000–4000 m) and the predominant clade shifted in the hadal zone. Several metagenome-assembled thaumarchaeotal genomes were recovered, including a near-complete one representing the dominant hadal phylotype of MGI. Using comparative genomics, we predict that unexpected genes involved in bioenergetics, including two distinct ATP synthase genes (predicted to be coupled with $ H^{+} $ and $ Na^{+} $ respectively), and genes horizontally transferred from other extremophiles, such as those encoding putative di-myo-inositol-phosphate (DIP) synthases, might significantly contribute to the success of this hadal clade under the extreme condition. We also found that hadal MGI have the genetic potential to import a far higher range of organic compounds than their shallower water counterparts. Despite this trait, hadal MDI ammonia oxidation and carbon fixation genes are highly transcribed providing evidence they are likely autotrophic, contributing to the primary production in the aphotic deep sea. Conclusions Our study reveals potentially novel adaptation mechanisms of deep-sea thaumarchaeotal clades and suggests key functions of deep-sea Thaumarchaeota in carbon and nitrogen cycling. Video Abstract Mariana Trench (dpeaa)DE-He213 Hadal zone (dpeaa)DE-He213 Metagenomics (dpeaa)DE-He213 Comparative genomics (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sodium bioenergetics (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lehtovirta-Morley, Laura verfasserin aut Liu, Jiwen verfasserin aut Zheng, Yanfen verfasserin aut Lin, Heyu verfasserin aut Song, Delei verfasserin aut Todd, Jonathan D. verfasserin aut Tian, Jiwei verfasserin aut Zhang, Xiao-Hua verfasserin aut Enthalten in Microbiome London : Biomed Central, 2013 8(2020), 1 vom: 01. Juni (DE-627)734146140 (DE-600)2697425-3 2049-2618 nnns volume:8 year:2020 number:1 day:01 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-020-00849-2 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 8 2020 1 01 06 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.1186/s40168-020-00849-2 doi (DE-627)SPR039896072 (SPR)s40168-020-00849-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 ASE Zhong, Haohui verfasserin aut Novel insights into the Thaumarchaeota in the deepest oceans: their metabolism and potential adaptation mechanisms 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background Marine Group I (MGI) Thaumarchaeota, which play key roles in the global biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen and carbon (ammonia oxidizers), thrive in the aphotic deep sea with massive populations. Recent studies have revealed that MGI Thaumarchaeota were present in the deepest part of oceans—the hadal zone (depth > 6000 m, consisting almost entirely of trenches), with the predominant phylotype being distinct from that in the “shallower” deep sea. However, little is known about the metabolism and distribution of these ammonia oxidizers in the hadal water. Results In this study, metagenomic data were obtained from 0–10,500 m deep seawater samples from the Mariana Trench. The distribution patterns of Thaumarchaeota derived from metagenomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were in line with that reported in previous studies: abundance of Thaumarchaeota peaked in bathypelagic zone (depth 1000–4000 m) and the predominant clade shifted in the hadal zone. Several metagenome-assembled thaumarchaeotal genomes were recovered, including a near-complete one representing the dominant hadal phylotype of MGI. Using comparative genomics, we predict that unexpected genes involved in bioenergetics, including two distinct ATP synthase genes (predicted to be coupled with $ H^{+} $ and $ Na^{+} $ respectively), and genes horizontally transferred from other extremophiles, such as those encoding putative di-myo-inositol-phosphate (DIP) synthases, might significantly contribute to the success of this hadal clade under the extreme condition. We also found that hadal MGI have the genetic potential to import a far higher range of organic compounds than their shallower water counterparts. Despite this trait, hadal MDI ammonia oxidation and carbon fixation genes are highly transcribed providing evidence they are likely autotrophic, contributing to the primary production in the aphotic deep sea. Conclusions Our study reveals potentially novel adaptation mechanisms of deep-sea thaumarchaeotal clades and suggests key functions of deep-sea Thaumarchaeota in carbon and nitrogen cycling. Video Abstract Mariana Trench (dpeaa)DE-He213 Hadal zone (dpeaa)DE-He213 Metagenomics (dpeaa)DE-He213 Comparative genomics (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sodium bioenergetics (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lehtovirta-Morley, Laura verfasserin aut Liu, Jiwen verfasserin aut Zheng, Yanfen verfasserin aut Lin, Heyu verfasserin aut Song, Delei verfasserin aut Todd, Jonathan D. verfasserin aut Tian, Jiwei verfasserin aut Zhang, Xiao-Hua verfasserin aut Enthalten in Microbiome London : Biomed Central, 2013 8(2020), 1 vom: 01. Juni (DE-627)734146140 (DE-600)2697425-3 2049-2618 nnns volume:8 year:2020 number:1 day:01 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-020-00849-2 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 8 2020 1 01 06 |
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10.1186/s40168-020-00849-2 doi (DE-627)SPR039896072 (SPR)s40168-020-00849-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 ASE Zhong, Haohui verfasserin aut Novel insights into the Thaumarchaeota in the deepest oceans: their metabolism and potential adaptation mechanisms 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background Marine Group I (MGI) Thaumarchaeota, which play key roles in the global biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen and carbon (ammonia oxidizers), thrive in the aphotic deep sea with massive populations. Recent studies have revealed that MGI Thaumarchaeota were present in the deepest part of oceans—the hadal zone (depth > 6000 m, consisting almost entirely of trenches), with the predominant phylotype being distinct from that in the “shallower” deep sea. However, little is known about the metabolism and distribution of these ammonia oxidizers in the hadal water. Results In this study, metagenomic data were obtained from 0–10,500 m deep seawater samples from the Mariana Trench. The distribution patterns of Thaumarchaeota derived from metagenomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were in line with that reported in previous studies: abundance of Thaumarchaeota peaked in bathypelagic zone (depth 1000–4000 m) and the predominant clade shifted in the hadal zone. Several metagenome-assembled thaumarchaeotal genomes were recovered, including a near-complete one representing the dominant hadal phylotype of MGI. Using comparative genomics, we predict that unexpected genes involved in bioenergetics, including two distinct ATP synthase genes (predicted to be coupled with $ H^{+} $ and $ Na^{+} $ respectively), and genes horizontally transferred from other extremophiles, such as those encoding putative di-myo-inositol-phosphate (DIP) synthases, might significantly contribute to the success of this hadal clade under the extreme condition. We also found that hadal MGI have the genetic potential to import a far higher range of organic compounds than their shallower water counterparts. Despite this trait, hadal MDI ammonia oxidation and carbon fixation genes are highly transcribed providing evidence they are likely autotrophic, contributing to the primary production in the aphotic deep sea. Conclusions Our study reveals potentially novel adaptation mechanisms of deep-sea thaumarchaeotal clades and suggests key functions of deep-sea Thaumarchaeota in carbon and nitrogen cycling. Video Abstract Mariana Trench (dpeaa)DE-He213 Hadal zone (dpeaa)DE-He213 Metagenomics (dpeaa)DE-He213 Comparative genomics (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sodium bioenergetics (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lehtovirta-Morley, Laura verfasserin aut Liu, Jiwen verfasserin aut Zheng, Yanfen verfasserin aut Lin, Heyu verfasserin aut Song, Delei verfasserin aut Todd, Jonathan D. verfasserin aut Tian, Jiwei verfasserin aut Zhang, Xiao-Hua verfasserin aut Enthalten in Microbiome London : Biomed Central, 2013 8(2020), 1 vom: 01. Juni (DE-627)734146140 (DE-600)2697425-3 2049-2618 nnns volume:8 year:2020 number:1 day:01 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-020-00849-2 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 8 2020 1 01 06 |
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10.1186/s40168-020-00849-2 doi (DE-627)SPR039896072 (SPR)s40168-020-00849-2-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 ASE Zhong, Haohui verfasserin aut Novel insights into the Thaumarchaeota in the deepest oceans: their metabolism and potential adaptation mechanisms 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background Marine Group I (MGI) Thaumarchaeota, which play key roles in the global biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen and carbon (ammonia oxidizers), thrive in the aphotic deep sea with massive populations. Recent studies have revealed that MGI Thaumarchaeota were present in the deepest part of oceans—the hadal zone (depth > 6000 m, consisting almost entirely of trenches), with the predominant phylotype being distinct from that in the “shallower” deep sea. However, little is known about the metabolism and distribution of these ammonia oxidizers in the hadal water. Results In this study, metagenomic data were obtained from 0–10,500 m deep seawater samples from the Mariana Trench. The distribution patterns of Thaumarchaeota derived from metagenomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were in line with that reported in previous studies: abundance of Thaumarchaeota peaked in bathypelagic zone (depth 1000–4000 m) and the predominant clade shifted in the hadal zone. Several metagenome-assembled thaumarchaeotal genomes were recovered, including a near-complete one representing the dominant hadal phylotype of MGI. Using comparative genomics, we predict that unexpected genes involved in bioenergetics, including two distinct ATP synthase genes (predicted to be coupled with $ H^{+} $ and $ Na^{+} $ respectively), and genes horizontally transferred from other extremophiles, such as those encoding putative di-myo-inositol-phosphate (DIP) synthases, might significantly contribute to the success of this hadal clade under the extreme condition. We also found that hadal MGI have the genetic potential to import a far higher range of organic compounds than their shallower water counterparts. Despite this trait, hadal MDI ammonia oxidation and carbon fixation genes are highly transcribed providing evidence they are likely autotrophic, contributing to the primary production in the aphotic deep sea. Conclusions Our study reveals potentially novel adaptation mechanisms of deep-sea thaumarchaeotal clades and suggests key functions of deep-sea Thaumarchaeota in carbon and nitrogen cycling. Video Abstract Mariana Trench (dpeaa)DE-He213 Hadal zone (dpeaa)DE-He213 Metagenomics (dpeaa)DE-He213 Comparative genomics (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sodium bioenergetics (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lehtovirta-Morley, Laura verfasserin aut Liu, Jiwen verfasserin aut Zheng, Yanfen verfasserin aut Lin, Heyu verfasserin aut Song, Delei verfasserin aut Todd, Jonathan D. verfasserin aut Tian, Jiwei verfasserin aut Zhang, Xiao-Hua verfasserin aut Enthalten in Microbiome London : Biomed Central, 2013 8(2020), 1 vom: 01. Juni (DE-627)734146140 (DE-600)2697425-3 2049-2618 nnns volume:8 year:2020 number:1 day:01 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-020-00849-2 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 8 2020 1 01 06 |
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Novel insights into the Thaumarchaeota in the deepest oceans: their metabolism and potential adaptation mechanisms |
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Background Marine Group I (MGI) Thaumarchaeota, which play key roles in the global biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen and carbon (ammonia oxidizers), thrive in the aphotic deep sea with massive populations. Recent studies have revealed that MGI Thaumarchaeota were present in the deepest part of oceans—the hadal zone (depth > 6000 m, consisting almost entirely of trenches), with the predominant phylotype being distinct from that in the “shallower” deep sea. However, little is known about the metabolism and distribution of these ammonia oxidizers in the hadal water. Results In this study, metagenomic data were obtained from 0–10,500 m deep seawater samples from the Mariana Trench. The distribution patterns of Thaumarchaeota derived from metagenomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were in line with that reported in previous studies: abundance of Thaumarchaeota peaked in bathypelagic zone (depth 1000–4000 m) and the predominant clade shifted in the hadal zone. Several metagenome-assembled thaumarchaeotal genomes were recovered, including a near-complete one representing the dominant hadal phylotype of MGI. Using comparative genomics, we predict that unexpected genes involved in bioenergetics, including two distinct ATP synthase genes (predicted to be coupled with $ H^{+} $ and $ Na^{+} $ respectively), and genes horizontally transferred from other extremophiles, such as those encoding putative di-myo-inositol-phosphate (DIP) synthases, might significantly contribute to the success of this hadal clade under the extreme condition. We also found that hadal MGI have the genetic potential to import a far higher range of organic compounds than their shallower water counterparts. Despite this trait, hadal MDI ammonia oxidation and carbon fixation genes are highly transcribed providing evidence they are likely autotrophic, contributing to the primary production in the aphotic deep sea. Conclusions Our study reveals potentially novel adaptation mechanisms of deep-sea thaumarchaeotal clades and suggests key functions of deep-sea Thaumarchaeota in carbon and nitrogen cycling. Video Abstract |
| abstractGer |
Background Marine Group I (MGI) Thaumarchaeota, which play key roles in the global biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen and carbon (ammonia oxidizers), thrive in the aphotic deep sea with massive populations. Recent studies have revealed that MGI Thaumarchaeota were present in the deepest part of oceans—the hadal zone (depth > 6000 m, consisting almost entirely of trenches), with the predominant phylotype being distinct from that in the “shallower” deep sea. However, little is known about the metabolism and distribution of these ammonia oxidizers in the hadal water. Results In this study, metagenomic data were obtained from 0–10,500 m deep seawater samples from the Mariana Trench. The distribution patterns of Thaumarchaeota derived from metagenomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were in line with that reported in previous studies: abundance of Thaumarchaeota peaked in bathypelagic zone (depth 1000–4000 m) and the predominant clade shifted in the hadal zone. Several metagenome-assembled thaumarchaeotal genomes were recovered, including a near-complete one representing the dominant hadal phylotype of MGI. Using comparative genomics, we predict that unexpected genes involved in bioenergetics, including two distinct ATP synthase genes (predicted to be coupled with $ H^{+} $ and $ Na^{+} $ respectively), and genes horizontally transferred from other extremophiles, such as those encoding putative di-myo-inositol-phosphate (DIP) synthases, might significantly contribute to the success of this hadal clade under the extreme condition. We also found that hadal MGI have the genetic potential to import a far higher range of organic compounds than their shallower water counterparts. Despite this trait, hadal MDI ammonia oxidation and carbon fixation genes are highly transcribed providing evidence they are likely autotrophic, contributing to the primary production in the aphotic deep sea. Conclusions Our study reveals potentially novel adaptation mechanisms of deep-sea thaumarchaeotal clades and suggests key functions of deep-sea Thaumarchaeota in carbon and nitrogen cycling. Video Abstract |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Background Marine Group I (MGI) Thaumarchaeota, which play key roles in the global biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen and carbon (ammonia oxidizers), thrive in the aphotic deep sea with massive populations. Recent studies have revealed that MGI Thaumarchaeota were present in the deepest part of oceans—the hadal zone (depth > 6000 m, consisting almost entirely of trenches), with the predominant phylotype being distinct from that in the “shallower” deep sea. However, little is known about the metabolism and distribution of these ammonia oxidizers in the hadal water. Results In this study, metagenomic data were obtained from 0–10,500 m deep seawater samples from the Mariana Trench. The distribution patterns of Thaumarchaeota derived from metagenomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were in line with that reported in previous studies: abundance of Thaumarchaeota peaked in bathypelagic zone (depth 1000–4000 m) and the predominant clade shifted in the hadal zone. Several metagenome-assembled thaumarchaeotal genomes were recovered, including a near-complete one representing the dominant hadal phylotype of MGI. Using comparative genomics, we predict that unexpected genes involved in bioenergetics, including two distinct ATP synthase genes (predicted to be coupled with $ H^{+} $ and $ Na^{+} $ respectively), and genes horizontally transferred from other extremophiles, such as those encoding putative di-myo-inositol-phosphate (DIP) synthases, might significantly contribute to the success of this hadal clade under the extreme condition. We also found that hadal MGI have the genetic potential to import a far higher range of organic compounds than their shallower water counterparts. Despite this trait, hadal MDI ammonia oxidation and carbon fixation genes are highly transcribed providing evidence they are likely autotrophic, contributing to the primary production in the aphotic deep sea. Conclusions Our study reveals potentially novel adaptation mechanisms of deep-sea thaumarchaeotal clades and suggests key functions of deep-sea Thaumarchaeota in carbon and nitrogen cycling. Video Abstract |
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| title_short |
Novel insights into the Thaumarchaeota in the deepest oceans: their metabolism and potential adaptation mechanisms |
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https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-020-00849-2 |
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Lehtovirta-Morley, Laura Liu, Jiwen Zheng, Yanfen Lin, Heyu Song, Delei Todd, Jonathan D. Tian, Jiwei Zhang, Xiao-Hua |
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Lehtovirta-Morley, Laura Liu, Jiwen Zheng, Yanfen Lin, Heyu Song, Delei Todd, Jonathan D. Tian, Jiwei Zhang, Xiao-Hua |
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