Astronium fraxinifolium Schott Exerts Leishmanicidal Activity by Providing a Classically Polarized Profile in Infected Macrophages
Background Leishmania braziliensis is prevalent in Latin American countries, including Brazil. It causes cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, leading to high morbidity, and has a low cure rate. Treatment is based on pentavalent antimonials; nonetheless, there are problems related to high toxic...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Braga, Milena Aguiar [verfasserIn] de Oliveira Rodrigues, Raphael [verfasserIn] Yaochite, Juliana Navarro Ueda [verfasserIn] Sasahara, Greyce Luri [verfasserIn] Santos, Flávia Almeida [verfasserIn] Fonseca, Francisco Rafael Marciano [verfasserIn] de Castro Rodrigues, Naya Lucia [verfasserIn] Teixeira, Maria Jânia [verfasserIn] Junior, João Tavares Calixto [verfasserIn] Rodrigues, Ana Livya Moreira [verfasserIn] de Morais, Selene Maia [verfasserIn] Nagao-Dias, Aparecida Tiemi [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2020 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Acta parasitologica - [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Springer, 2006, 65(2020), 3 vom: 28. Apr., Seite 686-695 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:65 ; year:2020 ; number:3 ; day:28 ; month:04 ; pages:686-695 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.2478/s11686-020-00200-7 |
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| Katalog-ID: |
SPR040665194 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Braga, Milena Aguiar |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Astronium fraxinifolium Schott Exerts Leishmanicidal Activity by Providing a Classically Polarized Profile in Infected Macrophages |
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| 520 | |a Background Leishmania braziliensis is prevalent in Latin American countries, including Brazil. It causes cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, leading to high morbidity, and has a low cure rate. Treatment is based on pentavalent antimonials; nonetheless, there are problems related to high toxicity, high cost, and parasitic resistance. Discovery of new leishmanicidal drugs without these limitations and that stimulate the cellular immune response is necessary. Purpose The present work evaluates whether Astronium fraxinifolium Schott exerts leishmanicidal activity against L. braziliensis by providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages. Methods For the evaluation of the A. fraxinifolium Schott leishmanicidal activity, amastigote cell death was demonstrated in infected RAW 267.4 macrophages treated with an ethanolic extract from the plant sapwood (EEAF). For the evaluation of the EEAF capacity in providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages, the following analyses were done: detection of LAMP-1 protein by the baculovirus technology, measurement of superoxide anion by the NBT testing, quantification of TNF-α, IL-12p40, IL-10, IL-4, and TGF-β by sandwich-type enzyme immune assays, and iNOS and COX-2 expression by RT-PCR technique. Results The EEAF significantly reduced amastigote counts inside the cells. Vacuoles were visualized in infected and treated cells before and after May–Grünwald–Giemsa staining. A strong LAMP-1 protein fluorescence revealed phagosome maturation in infected cells treated with the EEAF. No production of superoxide was visualized in infected cells treated with the plant material. Nonetheless, high levels of TNF-α, IL-12p40, and IL-10 were found in cell supernatants, but reduced levels of TGF-β and no IL-4 production. We identified augmented mRNA expression for COX-2, but no expression of iNOS mRNA. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that A. fraxinifolium induced a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages but also provided a less harmful environment by stimulating the production of certain anti-inflammatory mediators, such as IL-10. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a ( |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a ) |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Proinflammatory activity |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a RAW 264.7 cells |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Cytokines |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Lysosomal stain |7 (dpeaa)DE-He213 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a de Oliveira Rodrigues, Raphael |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Yaochite, Juliana Navarro Ueda |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sasahara, Greyce Luri |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Santos, Flávia Almeida |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Fonseca, Francisco Rafael Marciano |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a de Castro Rodrigues, Naya Lucia |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Teixeira, Maria Jânia |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Junior, João Tavares Calixto |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Rodrigues, Ana Livya Moreira |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a de Morais, Selene Maia |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nagao-Dias, Aparecida Tiemi |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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10.2478/s11686-020-00200-7 doi (DE-627)SPR040665194 (SPR)s11686-020-00200-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 ASE 42.36 bkl 46.52 bkl 44.75 bkl Braga, Milena Aguiar verfasserin aut Astronium fraxinifolium Schott Exerts Leishmanicidal Activity by Providing a Classically Polarized Profile in Infected Macrophages 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background Leishmania braziliensis is prevalent in Latin American countries, including Brazil. It causes cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, leading to high morbidity, and has a low cure rate. Treatment is based on pentavalent antimonials; nonetheless, there are problems related to high toxicity, high cost, and parasitic resistance. Discovery of new leishmanicidal drugs without these limitations and that stimulate the cellular immune response is necessary. Purpose The present work evaluates whether Astronium fraxinifolium Schott exerts leishmanicidal activity against L. braziliensis by providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages. Methods For the evaluation of the A. fraxinifolium Schott leishmanicidal activity, amastigote cell death was demonstrated in infected RAW 267.4 macrophages treated with an ethanolic extract from the plant sapwood (EEAF). For the evaluation of the EEAF capacity in providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages, the following analyses were done: detection of LAMP-1 protein by the baculovirus technology, measurement of superoxide anion by the NBT testing, quantification of TNF-α, IL-12p40, IL-10, IL-4, and TGF-β by sandwich-type enzyme immune assays, and iNOS and COX-2 expression by RT-PCR technique. Results The EEAF significantly reduced amastigote counts inside the cells. Vacuoles were visualized in infected and treated cells before and after May–Grünwald–Giemsa staining. A strong LAMP-1 protein fluorescence revealed phagosome maturation in infected cells treated with the EEAF. No production of superoxide was visualized in infected cells treated with the plant material. Nonetheless, high levels of TNF-α, IL-12p40, and IL-10 were found in cell supernatants, but reduced levels of TGF-β and no IL-4 production. We identified augmented mRNA expression for COX-2, but no expression of iNOS mRNA. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that A. fraxinifolium induced a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages but also provided a less harmful environment by stimulating the production of certain anti-inflammatory mediators, such as IL-10. ( (dpeaa)DE-He213 ) (dpeaa)DE-He213 Proinflammatory activity (dpeaa)DE-He213 RAW 264.7 cells (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cytokines (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lysosomal stain (dpeaa)DE-He213 de Oliveira Rodrigues, Raphael verfasserin aut Yaochite, Juliana Navarro Ueda verfasserin aut Sasahara, Greyce Luri verfasserin aut Santos, Flávia Almeida verfasserin aut Fonseca, Francisco Rafael Marciano verfasserin aut de Castro Rodrigues, Naya Lucia verfasserin aut Teixeira, Maria Jânia verfasserin aut Junior, João Tavares Calixto verfasserin aut Rodrigues, Ana Livya Moreira verfasserin aut de Morais, Selene Maia verfasserin aut Nagao-Dias, Aparecida Tiemi verfasserin aut Enthalten in Acta parasitologica [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Springer, 2006 65(2020), 3 vom: 28. Apr., Seite 686-695 (DE-627)511918240 (DE-600)2235366-5 1896-1851 nnns volume:65 year:2020 number:3 day:28 month:04 pages:686-695 https://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11686-020-00200-7 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_266 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 42.36 ASE 46.52 ASE 44.75 ASE AR 65 2020 3 28 04 686-695 |
| spelling |
10.2478/s11686-020-00200-7 doi (DE-627)SPR040665194 (SPR)s11686-020-00200-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 ASE 42.36 bkl 46.52 bkl 44.75 bkl Braga, Milena Aguiar verfasserin aut Astronium fraxinifolium Schott Exerts Leishmanicidal Activity by Providing a Classically Polarized Profile in Infected Macrophages 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background Leishmania braziliensis is prevalent in Latin American countries, including Brazil. It causes cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, leading to high morbidity, and has a low cure rate. Treatment is based on pentavalent antimonials; nonetheless, there are problems related to high toxicity, high cost, and parasitic resistance. Discovery of new leishmanicidal drugs without these limitations and that stimulate the cellular immune response is necessary. Purpose The present work evaluates whether Astronium fraxinifolium Schott exerts leishmanicidal activity against L. braziliensis by providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages. Methods For the evaluation of the A. fraxinifolium Schott leishmanicidal activity, amastigote cell death was demonstrated in infected RAW 267.4 macrophages treated with an ethanolic extract from the plant sapwood (EEAF). For the evaluation of the EEAF capacity in providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages, the following analyses were done: detection of LAMP-1 protein by the baculovirus technology, measurement of superoxide anion by the NBT testing, quantification of TNF-α, IL-12p40, IL-10, IL-4, and TGF-β by sandwich-type enzyme immune assays, and iNOS and COX-2 expression by RT-PCR technique. Results The EEAF significantly reduced amastigote counts inside the cells. Vacuoles were visualized in infected and treated cells before and after May–Grünwald–Giemsa staining. A strong LAMP-1 protein fluorescence revealed phagosome maturation in infected cells treated with the EEAF. No production of superoxide was visualized in infected cells treated with the plant material. Nonetheless, high levels of TNF-α, IL-12p40, and IL-10 were found in cell supernatants, but reduced levels of TGF-β and no IL-4 production. We identified augmented mRNA expression for COX-2, but no expression of iNOS mRNA. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that A. fraxinifolium induced a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages but also provided a less harmful environment by stimulating the production of certain anti-inflammatory mediators, such as IL-10. ( (dpeaa)DE-He213 ) (dpeaa)DE-He213 Proinflammatory activity (dpeaa)DE-He213 RAW 264.7 cells (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cytokines (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lysosomal stain (dpeaa)DE-He213 de Oliveira Rodrigues, Raphael verfasserin aut Yaochite, Juliana Navarro Ueda verfasserin aut Sasahara, Greyce Luri verfasserin aut Santos, Flávia Almeida verfasserin aut Fonseca, Francisco Rafael Marciano verfasserin aut de Castro Rodrigues, Naya Lucia verfasserin aut Teixeira, Maria Jânia verfasserin aut Junior, João Tavares Calixto verfasserin aut Rodrigues, Ana Livya Moreira verfasserin aut de Morais, Selene Maia verfasserin aut Nagao-Dias, Aparecida Tiemi verfasserin aut Enthalten in Acta parasitologica [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Springer, 2006 65(2020), 3 vom: 28. Apr., Seite 686-695 (DE-627)511918240 (DE-600)2235366-5 1896-1851 nnns volume:65 year:2020 number:3 day:28 month:04 pages:686-695 https://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11686-020-00200-7 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_266 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 42.36 ASE 46.52 ASE 44.75 ASE AR 65 2020 3 28 04 686-695 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.2478/s11686-020-00200-7 doi (DE-627)SPR040665194 (SPR)s11686-020-00200-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 ASE 42.36 bkl 46.52 bkl 44.75 bkl Braga, Milena Aguiar verfasserin aut Astronium fraxinifolium Schott Exerts Leishmanicidal Activity by Providing a Classically Polarized Profile in Infected Macrophages 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background Leishmania braziliensis is prevalent in Latin American countries, including Brazil. It causes cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, leading to high morbidity, and has a low cure rate. Treatment is based on pentavalent antimonials; nonetheless, there are problems related to high toxicity, high cost, and parasitic resistance. Discovery of new leishmanicidal drugs without these limitations and that stimulate the cellular immune response is necessary. Purpose The present work evaluates whether Astronium fraxinifolium Schott exerts leishmanicidal activity against L. braziliensis by providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages. Methods For the evaluation of the A. fraxinifolium Schott leishmanicidal activity, amastigote cell death was demonstrated in infected RAW 267.4 macrophages treated with an ethanolic extract from the plant sapwood (EEAF). For the evaluation of the EEAF capacity in providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages, the following analyses were done: detection of LAMP-1 protein by the baculovirus technology, measurement of superoxide anion by the NBT testing, quantification of TNF-α, IL-12p40, IL-10, IL-4, and TGF-β by sandwich-type enzyme immune assays, and iNOS and COX-2 expression by RT-PCR technique. Results The EEAF significantly reduced amastigote counts inside the cells. Vacuoles were visualized in infected and treated cells before and after May–Grünwald–Giemsa staining. A strong LAMP-1 protein fluorescence revealed phagosome maturation in infected cells treated with the EEAF. No production of superoxide was visualized in infected cells treated with the plant material. Nonetheless, high levels of TNF-α, IL-12p40, and IL-10 were found in cell supernatants, but reduced levels of TGF-β and no IL-4 production. We identified augmented mRNA expression for COX-2, but no expression of iNOS mRNA. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that A. fraxinifolium induced a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages but also provided a less harmful environment by stimulating the production of certain anti-inflammatory mediators, such as IL-10. ( (dpeaa)DE-He213 ) (dpeaa)DE-He213 Proinflammatory activity (dpeaa)DE-He213 RAW 264.7 cells (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cytokines (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lysosomal stain (dpeaa)DE-He213 de Oliveira Rodrigues, Raphael verfasserin aut Yaochite, Juliana Navarro Ueda verfasserin aut Sasahara, Greyce Luri verfasserin aut Santos, Flávia Almeida verfasserin aut Fonseca, Francisco Rafael Marciano verfasserin aut de Castro Rodrigues, Naya Lucia verfasserin aut Teixeira, Maria Jânia verfasserin aut Junior, João Tavares Calixto verfasserin aut Rodrigues, Ana Livya Moreira verfasserin aut de Morais, Selene Maia verfasserin aut Nagao-Dias, Aparecida Tiemi verfasserin aut Enthalten in Acta parasitologica [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Springer, 2006 65(2020), 3 vom: 28. Apr., Seite 686-695 (DE-627)511918240 (DE-600)2235366-5 1896-1851 nnns volume:65 year:2020 number:3 day:28 month:04 pages:686-695 https://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11686-020-00200-7 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_266 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 42.36 ASE 46.52 ASE 44.75 ASE AR 65 2020 3 28 04 686-695 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.2478/s11686-020-00200-7 doi (DE-627)SPR040665194 (SPR)s11686-020-00200-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 ASE 42.36 bkl 46.52 bkl 44.75 bkl Braga, Milena Aguiar verfasserin aut Astronium fraxinifolium Schott Exerts Leishmanicidal Activity by Providing a Classically Polarized Profile in Infected Macrophages 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background Leishmania braziliensis is prevalent in Latin American countries, including Brazil. It causes cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, leading to high morbidity, and has a low cure rate. Treatment is based on pentavalent antimonials; nonetheless, there are problems related to high toxicity, high cost, and parasitic resistance. Discovery of new leishmanicidal drugs without these limitations and that stimulate the cellular immune response is necessary. Purpose The present work evaluates whether Astronium fraxinifolium Schott exerts leishmanicidal activity against L. braziliensis by providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages. Methods For the evaluation of the A. fraxinifolium Schott leishmanicidal activity, amastigote cell death was demonstrated in infected RAW 267.4 macrophages treated with an ethanolic extract from the plant sapwood (EEAF). For the evaluation of the EEAF capacity in providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages, the following analyses were done: detection of LAMP-1 protein by the baculovirus technology, measurement of superoxide anion by the NBT testing, quantification of TNF-α, IL-12p40, IL-10, IL-4, and TGF-β by sandwich-type enzyme immune assays, and iNOS and COX-2 expression by RT-PCR technique. Results The EEAF significantly reduced amastigote counts inside the cells. Vacuoles were visualized in infected and treated cells before and after May–Grünwald–Giemsa staining. A strong LAMP-1 protein fluorescence revealed phagosome maturation in infected cells treated with the EEAF. No production of superoxide was visualized in infected cells treated with the plant material. Nonetheless, high levels of TNF-α, IL-12p40, and IL-10 were found in cell supernatants, but reduced levels of TGF-β and no IL-4 production. We identified augmented mRNA expression for COX-2, but no expression of iNOS mRNA. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that A. fraxinifolium induced a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages but also provided a less harmful environment by stimulating the production of certain anti-inflammatory mediators, such as IL-10. ( (dpeaa)DE-He213 ) (dpeaa)DE-He213 Proinflammatory activity (dpeaa)DE-He213 RAW 264.7 cells (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cytokines (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lysosomal stain (dpeaa)DE-He213 de Oliveira Rodrigues, Raphael verfasserin aut Yaochite, Juliana Navarro Ueda verfasserin aut Sasahara, Greyce Luri verfasserin aut Santos, Flávia Almeida verfasserin aut Fonseca, Francisco Rafael Marciano verfasserin aut de Castro Rodrigues, Naya Lucia verfasserin aut Teixeira, Maria Jânia verfasserin aut Junior, João Tavares Calixto verfasserin aut Rodrigues, Ana Livya Moreira verfasserin aut de Morais, Selene Maia verfasserin aut Nagao-Dias, Aparecida Tiemi verfasserin aut Enthalten in Acta parasitologica [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Springer, 2006 65(2020), 3 vom: 28. Apr., Seite 686-695 (DE-627)511918240 (DE-600)2235366-5 1896-1851 nnns volume:65 year:2020 number:3 day:28 month:04 pages:686-695 https://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11686-020-00200-7 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_266 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 42.36 ASE 46.52 ASE 44.75 ASE AR 65 2020 3 28 04 686-695 |
| allfieldsSound |
10.2478/s11686-020-00200-7 doi (DE-627)SPR040665194 (SPR)s11686-020-00200-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 ASE 42.36 bkl 46.52 bkl 44.75 bkl Braga, Milena Aguiar verfasserin aut Astronium fraxinifolium Schott Exerts Leishmanicidal Activity by Providing a Classically Polarized Profile in Infected Macrophages 2020 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Background Leishmania braziliensis is prevalent in Latin American countries, including Brazil. It causes cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, leading to high morbidity, and has a low cure rate. Treatment is based on pentavalent antimonials; nonetheless, there are problems related to high toxicity, high cost, and parasitic resistance. Discovery of new leishmanicidal drugs without these limitations and that stimulate the cellular immune response is necessary. Purpose The present work evaluates whether Astronium fraxinifolium Schott exerts leishmanicidal activity against L. braziliensis by providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages. Methods For the evaluation of the A. fraxinifolium Schott leishmanicidal activity, amastigote cell death was demonstrated in infected RAW 267.4 macrophages treated with an ethanolic extract from the plant sapwood (EEAF). For the evaluation of the EEAF capacity in providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages, the following analyses were done: detection of LAMP-1 protein by the baculovirus technology, measurement of superoxide anion by the NBT testing, quantification of TNF-α, IL-12p40, IL-10, IL-4, and TGF-β by sandwich-type enzyme immune assays, and iNOS and COX-2 expression by RT-PCR technique. Results The EEAF significantly reduced amastigote counts inside the cells. Vacuoles were visualized in infected and treated cells before and after May–Grünwald–Giemsa staining. A strong LAMP-1 protein fluorescence revealed phagosome maturation in infected cells treated with the EEAF. No production of superoxide was visualized in infected cells treated with the plant material. Nonetheless, high levels of TNF-α, IL-12p40, and IL-10 were found in cell supernatants, but reduced levels of TGF-β and no IL-4 production. We identified augmented mRNA expression for COX-2, but no expression of iNOS mRNA. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that A. fraxinifolium induced a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages but also provided a less harmful environment by stimulating the production of certain anti-inflammatory mediators, such as IL-10. ( (dpeaa)DE-He213 ) (dpeaa)DE-He213 Proinflammatory activity (dpeaa)DE-He213 RAW 264.7 cells (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cytokines (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lysosomal stain (dpeaa)DE-He213 de Oliveira Rodrigues, Raphael verfasserin aut Yaochite, Juliana Navarro Ueda verfasserin aut Sasahara, Greyce Luri verfasserin aut Santos, Flávia Almeida verfasserin aut Fonseca, Francisco Rafael Marciano verfasserin aut de Castro Rodrigues, Naya Lucia verfasserin aut Teixeira, Maria Jânia verfasserin aut Junior, João Tavares Calixto verfasserin aut Rodrigues, Ana Livya Moreira verfasserin aut de Morais, Selene Maia verfasserin aut Nagao-Dias, Aparecida Tiemi verfasserin aut Enthalten in Acta parasitologica [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Springer, 2006 65(2020), 3 vom: 28. Apr., Seite 686-695 (DE-627)511918240 (DE-600)2235366-5 1896-1851 nnns volume:65 year:2020 number:3 day:28 month:04 pages:686-695 https://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11686-020-00200-7 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_266 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 42.36 ASE 46.52 ASE 44.75 ASE AR 65 2020 3 28 04 686-695 |
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Enthalten in Acta parasitologica 65(2020), 3 vom: 28. Apr., Seite 686-695 volume:65 year:2020 number:3 day:28 month:04 pages:686-695 |
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Braga, Milena Aguiar @@aut@@ de Oliveira Rodrigues, Raphael @@aut@@ Yaochite, Juliana Navarro Ueda @@aut@@ Sasahara, Greyce Luri @@aut@@ Santos, Flávia Almeida @@aut@@ Fonseca, Francisco Rafael Marciano @@aut@@ de Castro Rodrigues, Naya Lucia @@aut@@ Teixeira, Maria Jânia @@aut@@ Junior, João Tavares Calixto @@aut@@ Rodrigues, Ana Livya Moreira @@aut@@ de Morais, Selene Maia @@aut@@ Nagao-Dias, Aparecida Tiemi @@aut@@ |
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">SPR040665194</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20230519193121.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">201007s2020 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.2478/s11686-020-00200-7</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)SPR040665194</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(SPR)s11686-020-00200-7-e</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">610</subfield><subfield code="q">ASE</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">42.36</subfield><subfield code="2">bkl</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">46.52</subfield><subfield code="2">bkl</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">44.75</subfield><subfield code="2">bkl</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Braga, Milena Aguiar</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Astronium fraxinifolium Schott Exerts Leishmanicidal Activity by Providing a Classically Polarized Profile in Infected Macrophages</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2020</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Background Leishmania braziliensis is prevalent in Latin American countries, including Brazil. It causes cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, leading to high morbidity, and has a low cure rate. Treatment is based on pentavalent antimonials; nonetheless, there are problems related to high toxicity, high cost, and parasitic resistance. Discovery of new leishmanicidal drugs without these limitations and that stimulate the cellular immune response is necessary. Purpose The present work evaluates whether Astronium fraxinifolium Schott exerts leishmanicidal activity against L. braziliensis by providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages. Methods For the evaluation of the A. fraxinifolium Schott leishmanicidal activity, amastigote cell death was demonstrated in infected RAW 267.4 macrophages treated with an ethanolic extract from the plant sapwood (EEAF). For the evaluation of the EEAF capacity in providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages, the following analyses were done: detection of LAMP-1 protein by the baculovirus technology, measurement of superoxide anion by the NBT testing, quantification of TNF-α, IL-12p40, IL-10, IL-4, and TGF-β by sandwich-type enzyme immune assays, and iNOS and COX-2 expression by RT-PCR technique. Results The EEAF significantly reduced amastigote counts inside the cells. Vacuoles were visualized in infected and treated cells before and after May–Grünwald–Giemsa staining. A strong LAMP-1 protein fluorescence revealed phagosome maturation in infected cells treated with the EEAF. No production of superoxide was visualized in infected cells treated with the plant material. Nonetheless, high levels of TNF-α, IL-12p40, and IL-10 were found in cell supernatants, but reduced levels of TGF-β and no IL-4 production. We identified augmented mRNA expression for COX-2, but no expression of iNOS mRNA. 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|
| author |
Braga, Milena Aguiar |
| spellingShingle |
Braga, Milena Aguiar ddc 610 bkl 42.36 bkl 46.52 bkl 44.75 misc ( misc ) misc Proinflammatory activity misc RAW 264.7 cells misc Cytokines misc Lysosomal stain Astronium fraxinifolium Schott Exerts Leishmanicidal Activity by Providing a Classically Polarized Profile in Infected Macrophages |
| authorStr |
Braga, Milena Aguiar |
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electronic Article |
| dewey-ones |
610 - Medicine & health |
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keep |
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aut aut aut aut aut aut aut aut aut aut aut aut |
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springer |
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true |
| illustrated |
Not Illustrated |
| issn |
1896-1851 |
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610 ASE 42.36 bkl 46.52 bkl 44.75 bkl Astronium fraxinifolium Schott Exerts Leishmanicidal Activity by Providing a Classically Polarized Profile in Infected Macrophages ( (dpeaa)DE-He213 ) (dpeaa)DE-He213 Proinflammatory activity (dpeaa)DE-He213 RAW 264.7 cells (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cytokines (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lysosomal stain (dpeaa)DE-He213 |
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Astronium fraxinifolium Schott Exerts Leishmanicidal Activity by Providing a Classically Polarized Profile in Infected Macrophages |
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Braga, Milena Aguiar de Oliveira Rodrigues, Raphael Yaochite, Juliana Navarro Ueda Sasahara, Greyce Luri Santos, Flávia Almeida Fonseca, Francisco Rafael Marciano de Castro Rodrigues, Naya Lucia Teixeira, Maria Jânia Junior, João Tavares Calixto Rodrigues, Ana Livya Moreira de Morais, Selene Maia Nagao-Dias, Aparecida Tiemi |
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astronium fraxinifolium schott exerts leishmanicidal activity by providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages |
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Astronium fraxinifolium Schott Exerts Leishmanicidal Activity by Providing a Classically Polarized Profile in Infected Macrophages |
| abstract |
Background Leishmania braziliensis is prevalent in Latin American countries, including Brazil. It causes cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, leading to high morbidity, and has a low cure rate. Treatment is based on pentavalent antimonials; nonetheless, there are problems related to high toxicity, high cost, and parasitic resistance. Discovery of new leishmanicidal drugs without these limitations and that stimulate the cellular immune response is necessary. Purpose The present work evaluates whether Astronium fraxinifolium Schott exerts leishmanicidal activity against L. braziliensis by providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages. Methods For the evaluation of the A. fraxinifolium Schott leishmanicidal activity, amastigote cell death was demonstrated in infected RAW 267.4 macrophages treated with an ethanolic extract from the plant sapwood (EEAF). For the evaluation of the EEAF capacity in providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages, the following analyses were done: detection of LAMP-1 protein by the baculovirus technology, measurement of superoxide anion by the NBT testing, quantification of TNF-α, IL-12p40, IL-10, IL-4, and TGF-β by sandwich-type enzyme immune assays, and iNOS and COX-2 expression by RT-PCR technique. Results The EEAF significantly reduced amastigote counts inside the cells. Vacuoles were visualized in infected and treated cells before and after May–Grünwald–Giemsa staining. A strong LAMP-1 protein fluorescence revealed phagosome maturation in infected cells treated with the EEAF. No production of superoxide was visualized in infected cells treated with the plant material. Nonetheless, high levels of TNF-α, IL-12p40, and IL-10 were found in cell supernatants, but reduced levels of TGF-β and no IL-4 production. We identified augmented mRNA expression for COX-2, but no expression of iNOS mRNA. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that A. fraxinifolium induced a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages but also provided a less harmful environment by stimulating the production of certain anti-inflammatory mediators, such as IL-10. |
| abstractGer |
Background Leishmania braziliensis is prevalent in Latin American countries, including Brazil. It causes cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, leading to high morbidity, and has a low cure rate. Treatment is based on pentavalent antimonials; nonetheless, there are problems related to high toxicity, high cost, and parasitic resistance. Discovery of new leishmanicidal drugs without these limitations and that stimulate the cellular immune response is necessary. Purpose The present work evaluates whether Astronium fraxinifolium Schott exerts leishmanicidal activity against L. braziliensis by providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages. Methods For the evaluation of the A. fraxinifolium Schott leishmanicidal activity, amastigote cell death was demonstrated in infected RAW 267.4 macrophages treated with an ethanolic extract from the plant sapwood (EEAF). For the evaluation of the EEAF capacity in providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages, the following analyses were done: detection of LAMP-1 protein by the baculovirus technology, measurement of superoxide anion by the NBT testing, quantification of TNF-α, IL-12p40, IL-10, IL-4, and TGF-β by sandwich-type enzyme immune assays, and iNOS and COX-2 expression by RT-PCR technique. Results The EEAF significantly reduced amastigote counts inside the cells. Vacuoles were visualized in infected and treated cells before and after May–Grünwald–Giemsa staining. A strong LAMP-1 protein fluorescence revealed phagosome maturation in infected cells treated with the EEAF. No production of superoxide was visualized in infected cells treated with the plant material. Nonetheless, high levels of TNF-α, IL-12p40, and IL-10 were found in cell supernatants, but reduced levels of TGF-β and no IL-4 production. We identified augmented mRNA expression for COX-2, but no expression of iNOS mRNA. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that A. fraxinifolium induced a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages but also provided a less harmful environment by stimulating the production of certain anti-inflammatory mediators, such as IL-10. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Background Leishmania braziliensis is prevalent in Latin American countries, including Brazil. It causes cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, leading to high morbidity, and has a low cure rate. Treatment is based on pentavalent antimonials; nonetheless, there are problems related to high toxicity, high cost, and parasitic resistance. Discovery of new leishmanicidal drugs without these limitations and that stimulate the cellular immune response is necessary. Purpose The present work evaluates whether Astronium fraxinifolium Schott exerts leishmanicidal activity against L. braziliensis by providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages. Methods For the evaluation of the A. fraxinifolium Schott leishmanicidal activity, amastigote cell death was demonstrated in infected RAW 267.4 macrophages treated with an ethanolic extract from the plant sapwood (EEAF). For the evaluation of the EEAF capacity in providing a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages, the following analyses were done: detection of LAMP-1 protein by the baculovirus technology, measurement of superoxide anion by the NBT testing, quantification of TNF-α, IL-12p40, IL-10, IL-4, and TGF-β by sandwich-type enzyme immune assays, and iNOS and COX-2 expression by RT-PCR technique. Results The EEAF significantly reduced amastigote counts inside the cells. Vacuoles were visualized in infected and treated cells before and after May–Grünwald–Giemsa staining. A strong LAMP-1 protein fluorescence revealed phagosome maturation in infected cells treated with the EEAF. No production of superoxide was visualized in infected cells treated with the plant material. Nonetheless, high levels of TNF-α, IL-12p40, and IL-10 were found in cell supernatants, but reduced levels of TGF-β and no IL-4 production. We identified augmented mRNA expression for COX-2, but no expression of iNOS mRNA. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that A. fraxinifolium induced a classically polarized profile in infected macrophages but also provided a less harmful environment by stimulating the production of certain anti-inflammatory mediators, such as IL-10. |
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| score |
7.4005013 |