The calculation of flushing time for the upper Pasur River Estuary, Bangladesh

Abstract Estimation of estuarine flushing time, a time required to transport of pollutants or any other properties from estuaries to the coast, is very important for its resource management. In this study, we estimated flushing time (T) of the upper Pasur River Estuary (UPRE) for understanding the w...
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Autor*in:	Shaha, Dinesh Chandra [verfasserIn] Cho, Yang-Ki Kundu, Sampa Rani Hasan, Jahid Haque, Farhana Salam, Mohammad Abdus

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2022

Schlagwörter:	Flushing time Monsoonal estuary River discharge Tide

Anmerkung:	© The Author(s) 2022

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Terrestrial, atmospheric and oceanic sciences - Heidelberg : Springer Nature, 1990, 33(2022), 1 vom: 02. Mai
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:33 ; year:2022 ; number:1 ; day:02 ; month:05

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1007/s44195-022-00015-1

Katalog-ID:	SPR046894705

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520			\|a Abstract Estimation of estuarine flushing time, a time required to transport of pollutants or any other properties from estuaries to the coast, is very important for its resource management. In this study, we estimated flushing time (T) of the upper Pasur River Estuary (UPRE) for understanding the water quality condition in the dry and wet seasons. High-resolution salinity data were collected from the PRE at high water in the dry and wet seasons in 2014 and 2019. Flushing time was calculated using the freshwater fraction method (FFM) as well as e-folding flushing time scales was estimated empirically using the salinity (non-reactive conservative) and monthly river discharge data. System flushing during the dry season was thirteen times weaker than flushing during the wet season owing to decreasing river discharge by nearly 94%. In addition, the daily exchange volume was decreased by eight times during the dry season than during the wet season. As a consequence, the conditions of the UPRE are more dynamic during the wet season due to receiving huge amount of river discharge. During the dry season, only the e-folding time scales showed higher values in the salinity maximum zone (salt plug area). This implied that the e-folding time scale is an empirical approach and was able to encompass the tidal dispersion process whereas the FFM was unable to include that process. As the PRE is a macrotidal estuary, the tide assists to flush dissolved substances from the UPRE to the coast during the dry season having negligible river discharge. In addition, there was no significant variation in water quality parameter between the salt plug area (SP) and downstream of salt plug area (DSP) during the dry season. In order to have more accuracy, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model would be useful to compute estuarine time scales precisely.
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700	1		\|a Salam, Mohammad Abdus \|4 aut
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allfields	10.1007/s44195-022-00015-1 doi (DE-627)SPR046894705 (SPR)s44195-022-00015-1-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Shaha, Dinesh Chandra verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-8000-2318 aut The calculation of flushing time for the upper Pasur River Estuary, Bangladesh 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2022 Abstract Estimation of estuarine flushing time, a time required to transport of pollutants or any other properties from estuaries to the coast, is very important for its resource management. In this study, we estimated flushing time (T) of the upper Pasur River Estuary (UPRE) for understanding the water quality condition in the dry and wet seasons. High-resolution salinity data were collected from the PRE at high water in the dry and wet seasons in 2014 and 2019. Flushing time was calculated using the freshwater fraction method (FFM) as well as e-folding flushing time scales was estimated empirically using the salinity (non-reactive conservative) and monthly river discharge data. System flushing during the dry season was thirteen times weaker than flushing during the wet season owing to decreasing river discharge by nearly 94%. In addition, the daily exchange volume was decreased by eight times during the dry season than during the wet season. As a consequence, the conditions of the UPRE are more dynamic during the wet season due to receiving huge amount of river discharge. During the dry season, only the e-folding time scales showed higher values in the salinity maximum zone (salt plug area). This implied that the e-folding time scale is an empirical approach and was able to encompass the tidal dispersion process whereas the FFM was unable to include that process. As the PRE is a macrotidal estuary, the tide assists to flush dissolved substances from the UPRE to the coast during the dry season having negligible river discharge. In addition, there was no significant variation in water quality parameter between the salt plug area (SP) and downstream of salt plug area (DSP) during the dry season. In order to have more accuracy, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model would be useful to compute estuarine time scales precisely. Key points The daily exchange volume decreased by eight times during dry season.Salt plug did not trap nutrients and deteriorate water quality.The e-folding flushing time scale included the tidal dispersion process. Flushing time (dpeaa)DE-He213 Monsoonal estuary (dpeaa)DE-He213 River discharge (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tide (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cho, Yang-Ki aut Kundu, Sampa Rani aut Hasan, Jahid aut Haque, Farhana aut Salam, Mohammad Abdus aut Enthalten in Terrestrial, atmospheric and oceanic sciences Heidelberg : Springer Nature, 1990 33(2022), 1 vom: 02. Mai (DE-627)527829951 (DE-600)2278841-4 2311-7680 nnns volume:33 year:2022 number:1 day:02 month:05 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s44195-022-00015-1 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 33 2022 1 02 05
spelling	10.1007/s44195-022-00015-1 doi (DE-627)SPR046894705 (SPR)s44195-022-00015-1-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Shaha, Dinesh Chandra verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-8000-2318 aut The calculation of flushing time for the upper Pasur River Estuary, Bangladesh 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2022 Abstract Estimation of estuarine flushing time, a time required to transport of pollutants or any other properties from estuaries to the coast, is very important for its resource management. In this study, we estimated flushing time (T) of the upper Pasur River Estuary (UPRE) for understanding the water quality condition in the dry and wet seasons. High-resolution salinity data were collected from the PRE at high water in the dry and wet seasons in 2014 and 2019. Flushing time was calculated using the freshwater fraction method (FFM) as well as e-folding flushing time scales was estimated empirically using the salinity (non-reactive conservative) and monthly river discharge data. System flushing during the dry season was thirteen times weaker than flushing during the wet season owing to decreasing river discharge by nearly 94%. In addition, the daily exchange volume was decreased by eight times during the dry season than during the wet season. As a consequence, the conditions of the UPRE are more dynamic during the wet season due to receiving huge amount of river discharge. During the dry season, only the e-folding time scales showed higher values in the salinity maximum zone (salt plug area). This implied that the e-folding time scale is an empirical approach and was able to encompass the tidal dispersion process whereas the FFM was unable to include that process. As the PRE is a macrotidal estuary, the tide assists to flush dissolved substances from the UPRE to the coast during the dry season having negligible river discharge. In addition, there was no significant variation in water quality parameter between the salt plug area (SP) and downstream of salt plug area (DSP) during the dry season. In order to have more accuracy, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model would be useful to compute estuarine time scales precisely. Key points The daily exchange volume decreased by eight times during dry season.Salt plug did not trap nutrients and deteriorate water quality.The e-folding flushing time scale included the tidal dispersion process. Flushing time (dpeaa)DE-He213 Monsoonal estuary (dpeaa)DE-He213 River discharge (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tide (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cho, Yang-Ki aut Kundu, Sampa Rani aut Hasan, Jahid aut Haque, Farhana aut Salam, Mohammad Abdus aut Enthalten in Terrestrial, atmospheric and oceanic sciences Heidelberg : Springer Nature, 1990 33(2022), 1 vom: 02. Mai (DE-627)527829951 (DE-600)2278841-4 2311-7680 nnns volume:33 year:2022 number:1 day:02 month:05 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s44195-022-00015-1 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 33 2022 1 02 05
allfields_unstemmed	10.1007/s44195-022-00015-1 doi (DE-627)SPR046894705 (SPR)s44195-022-00015-1-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Shaha, Dinesh Chandra verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-8000-2318 aut The calculation of flushing time for the upper Pasur River Estuary, Bangladesh 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2022 Abstract Estimation of estuarine flushing time, a time required to transport of pollutants or any other properties from estuaries to the coast, is very important for its resource management. In this study, we estimated flushing time (T) of the upper Pasur River Estuary (UPRE) for understanding the water quality condition in the dry and wet seasons. High-resolution salinity data were collected from the PRE at high water in the dry and wet seasons in 2014 and 2019. Flushing time was calculated using the freshwater fraction method (FFM) as well as e-folding flushing time scales was estimated empirically using the salinity (non-reactive conservative) and monthly river discharge data. System flushing during the dry season was thirteen times weaker than flushing during the wet season owing to decreasing river discharge by nearly 94%. In addition, the daily exchange volume was decreased by eight times during the dry season than during the wet season. As a consequence, the conditions of the UPRE are more dynamic during the wet season due to receiving huge amount of river discharge. During the dry season, only the e-folding time scales showed higher values in the salinity maximum zone (salt plug area). This implied that the e-folding time scale is an empirical approach and was able to encompass the tidal dispersion process whereas the FFM was unable to include that process. As the PRE is a macrotidal estuary, the tide assists to flush dissolved substances from the UPRE to the coast during the dry season having negligible river discharge. In addition, there was no significant variation in water quality parameter between the salt plug area (SP) and downstream of salt plug area (DSP) during the dry season. In order to have more accuracy, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model would be useful to compute estuarine time scales precisely. Key points The daily exchange volume decreased by eight times during dry season.Salt plug did not trap nutrients and deteriorate water quality.The e-folding flushing time scale included the tidal dispersion process. Flushing time (dpeaa)DE-He213 Monsoonal estuary (dpeaa)DE-He213 River discharge (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tide (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cho, Yang-Ki aut Kundu, Sampa Rani aut Hasan, Jahid aut Haque, Farhana aut Salam, Mohammad Abdus aut Enthalten in Terrestrial, atmospheric and oceanic sciences Heidelberg : Springer Nature, 1990 33(2022), 1 vom: 02. Mai (DE-627)527829951 (DE-600)2278841-4 2311-7680 nnns volume:33 year:2022 number:1 day:02 month:05 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s44195-022-00015-1 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 33 2022 1 02 05
allfieldsGer	10.1007/s44195-022-00015-1 doi (DE-627)SPR046894705 (SPR)s44195-022-00015-1-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Shaha, Dinesh Chandra verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-8000-2318 aut The calculation of flushing time for the upper Pasur River Estuary, Bangladesh 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2022 Abstract Estimation of estuarine flushing time, a time required to transport of pollutants or any other properties from estuaries to the coast, is very important for its resource management. In this study, we estimated flushing time (T) of the upper Pasur River Estuary (UPRE) for understanding the water quality condition in the dry and wet seasons. High-resolution salinity data were collected from the PRE at high water in the dry and wet seasons in 2014 and 2019. Flushing time was calculated using the freshwater fraction method (FFM) as well as e-folding flushing time scales was estimated empirically using the salinity (non-reactive conservative) and monthly river discharge data. System flushing during the dry season was thirteen times weaker than flushing during the wet season owing to decreasing river discharge by nearly 94%. In addition, the daily exchange volume was decreased by eight times during the dry season than during the wet season. As a consequence, the conditions of the UPRE are more dynamic during the wet season due to receiving huge amount of river discharge. During the dry season, only the e-folding time scales showed higher values in the salinity maximum zone (salt plug area). This implied that the e-folding time scale is an empirical approach and was able to encompass the tidal dispersion process whereas the FFM was unable to include that process. As the PRE is a macrotidal estuary, the tide assists to flush dissolved substances from the UPRE to the coast during the dry season having negligible river discharge. In addition, there was no significant variation in water quality parameter between the salt plug area (SP) and downstream of salt plug area (DSP) during the dry season. In order to have more accuracy, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model would be useful to compute estuarine time scales precisely. Key points The daily exchange volume decreased by eight times during dry season.Salt plug did not trap nutrients and deteriorate water quality.The e-folding flushing time scale included the tidal dispersion process. Flushing time (dpeaa)DE-He213 Monsoonal estuary (dpeaa)DE-He213 River discharge (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tide (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cho, Yang-Ki aut Kundu, Sampa Rani aut Hasan, Jahid aut Haque, Farhana aut Salam, Mohammad Abdus aut Enthalten in Terrestrial, atmospheric and oceanic sciences Heidelberg : Springer Nature, 1990 33(2022), 1 vom: 02. Mai (DE-627)527829951 (DE-600)2278841-4 2311-7680 nnns volume:33 year:2022 number:1 day:02 month:05 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s44195-022-00015-1 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 33 2022 1 02 05
allfieldsSound	10.1007/s44195-022-00015-1 doi (DE-627)SPR046894705 (SPR)s44195-022-00015-1-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Shaha, Dinesh Chandra verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-8000-2318 aut The calculation of flushing time for the upper Pasur River Estuary, Bangladesh 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2022 Abstract Estimation of estuarine flushing time, a time required to transport of pollutants or any other properties from estuaries to the coast, is very important for its resource management. In this study, we estimated flushing time (T) of the upper Pasur River Estuary (UPRE) for understanding the water quality condition in the dry and wet seasons. High-resolution salinity data were collected from the PRE at high water in the dry and wet seasons in 2014 and 2019. Flushing time was calculated using the freshwater fraction method (FFM) as well as e-folding flushing time scales was estimated empirically using the salinity (non-reactive conservative) and monthly river discharge data. System flushing during the dry season was thirteen times weaker than flushing during the wet season owing to decreasing river discharge by nearly 94%. In addition, the daily exchange volume was decreased by eight times during the dry season than during the wet season. As a consequence, the conditions of the UPRE are more dynamic during the wet season due to receiving huge amount of river discharge. During the dry season, only the e-folding time scales showed higher values in the salinity maximum zone (salt plug area). This implied that the e-folding time scale is an empirical approach and was able to encompass the tidal dispersion process whereas the FFM was unable to include that process. As the PRE is a macrotidal estuary, the tide assists to flush dissolved substances from the UPRE to the coast during the dry season having negligible river discharge. In addition, there was no significant variation in water quality parameter between the salt plug area (SP) and downstream of salt plug area (DSP) during the dry season. In order to have more accuracy, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model would be useful to compute estuarine time scales precisely. Key points The daily exchange volume decreased by eight times during dry season.Salt plug did not trap nutrients and deteriorate water quality.The e-folding flushing time scale included the tidal dispersion process. Flushing time (dpeaa)DE-He213 Monsoonal estuary (dpeaa)DE-He213 River discharge (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tide (dpeaa)DE-He213 Cho, Yang-Ki aut Kundu, Sampa Rani aut Hasan, Jahid aut Haque, Farhana aut Salam, Mohammad Abdus aut Enthalten in Terrestrial, atmospheric and oceanic sciences Heidelberg : Springer Nature, 1990 33(2022), 1 vom: 02. Mai (DE-627)527829951 (DE-600)2278841-4 2311-7680 nnns volume:33 year:2022 number:1 day:02 month:05 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s44195-022-00015-1 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 33 2022 1 02 05
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topic_title	The calculation of flushing time for the upper Pasur River Estuary, Bangladesh Flushing time (dpeaa)DE-He213 Monsoonal estuary (dpeaa)DE-He213 River discharge (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tide (dpeaa)DE-He213
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title	The calculation of flushing time for the upper Pasur River Estuary, Bangladesh
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title_full	The calculation of flushing time for the upper Pasur River Estuary, Bangladesh
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title_sort	calculation of flushing time for the upper pasur river estuary, bangladesh
title_auth	The calculation of flushing time for the upper Pasur River Estuary, Bangladesh
abstract	Abstract Estimation of estuarine flushing time, a time required to transport of pollutants or any other properties from estuaries to the coast, is very important for its resource management. In this study, we estimated flushing time (T) of the upper Pasur River Estuary (UPRE) for understanding the water quality condition in the dry and wet seasons. High-resolution salinity data were collected from the PRE at high water in the dry and wet seasons in 2014 and 2019. Flushing time was calculated using the freshwater fraction method (FFM) as well as e-folding flushing time scales was estimated empirically using the salinity (non-reactive conservative) and monthly river discharge data. System flushing during the dry season was thirteen times weaker than flushing during the wet season owing to decreasing river discharge by nearly 94%. In addition, the daily exchange volume was decreased by eight times during the dry season than during the wet season. As a consequence, the conditions of the UPRE are more dynamic during the wet season due to receiving huge amount of river discharge. During the dry season, only the e-folding time scales showed higher values in the salinity maximum zone (salt plug area). This implied that the e-folding time scale is an empirical approach and was able to encompass the tidal dispersion process whereas the FFM was unable to include that process. As the PRE is a macrotidal estuary, the tide assists to flush dissolved substances from the UPRE to the coast during the dry season having negligible river discharge. In addition, there was no significant variation in water quality parameter between the salt plug area (SP) and downstream of salt plug area (DSP) during the dry season. In order to have more accuracy, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model would be useful to compute estuarine time scales precisely. Key points The daily exchange volume decreased by eight times during dry season.Salt plug did not trap nutrients and deteriorate water quality.The e-folding flushing time scale included the tidal dispersion process. © The Author(s) 2022
abstractGer	Abstract Estimation of estuarine flushing time, a time required to transport of pollutants or any other properties from estuaries to the coast, is very important for its resource management. In this study, we estimated flushing time (T) of the upper Pasur River Estuary (UPRE) for understanding the water quality condition in the dry and wet seasons. High-resolution salinity data were collected from the PRE at high water in the dry and wet seasons in 2014 and 2019. Flushing time was calculated using the freshwater fraction method (FFM) as well as e-folding flushing time scales was estimated empirically using the salinity (non-reactive conservative) and monthly river discharge data. System flushing during the dry season was thirteen times weaker than flushing during the wet season owing to decreasing river discharge by nearly 94%. In addition, the daily exchange volume was decreased by eight times during the dry season than during the wet season. As a consequence, the conditions of the UPRE are more dynamic during the wet season due to receiving huge amount of river discharge. During the dry season, only the e-folding time scales showed higher values in the salinity maximum zone (salt plug area). This implied that the e-folding time scale is an empirical approach and was able to encompass the tidal dispersion process whereas the FFM was unable to include that process. As the PRE is a macrotidal estuary, the tide assists to flush dissolved substances from the UPRE to the coast during the dry season having negligible river discharge. In addition, there was no significant variation in water quality parameter between the salt plug area (SP) and downstream of salt plug area (DSP) during the dry season. In order to have more accuracy, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model would be useful to compute estuarine time scales precisely. Key points The daily exchange volume decreased by eight times during dry season.Salt plug did not trap nutrients and deteriorate water quality.The e-folding flushing time scale included the tidal dispersion process. © The Author(s) 2022
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract Estimation of estuarine flushing time, a time required to transport of pollutants or any other properties from estuaries to the coast, is very important for its resource management. In this study, we estimated flushing time (T) of the upper Pasur River Estuary (UPRE) for understanding the water quality condition in the dry and wet seasons. High-resolution salinity data were collected from the PRE at high water in the dry and wet seasons in 2014 and 2019. Flushing time was calculated using the freshwater fraction method (FFM) as well as e-folding flushing time scales was estimated empirically using the salinity (non-reactive conservative) and monthly river discharge data. System flushing during the dry season was thirteen times weaker than flushing during the wet season owing to decreasing river discharge by nearly 94%. In addition, the daily exchange volume was decreased by eight times during the dry season than during the wet season. As a consequence, the conditions of the UPRE are more dynamic during the wet season due to receiving huge amount of river discharge. During the dry season, only the e-folding time scales showed higher values in the salinity maximum zone (salt plug area). This implied that the e-folding time scale is an empirical approach and was able to encompass the tidal dispersion process whereas the FFM was unable to include that process. As the PRE is a macrotidal estuary, the tide assists to flush dissolved substances from the UPRE to the coast during the dry season having negligible river discharge. In addition, there was no significant variation in water quality parameter between the salt plug area (SP) and downstream of salt plug area (DSP) during the dry season. In order to have more accuracy, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model would be useful to compute estuarine time scales precisely. Key points The daily exchange volume decreased by eight times during dry season.Salt plug did not trap nutrients and deteriorate water quality.The e-folding flushing time scale included the tidal dispersion process. © The Author(s) 2022
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In this study, we estimated flushing time (T) of the upper Pasur River Estuary (UPRE) for understanding the water quality condition in the dry and wet seasons. High-resolution salinity data were collected from the PRE at high water in the dry and wet seasons in 2014 and 2019. Flushing time was calculated using the freshwater fraction method (FFM) as well as e-folding flushing time scales was estimated empirically using the salinity (non-reactive conservative) and monthly river discharge data. System flushing during the dry season was thirteen times weaker than flushing during the wet season owing to decreasing river discharge by nearly 94%. In addition, the daily exchange volume was decreased by eight times during the dry season than during the wet season. As a consequence, the conditions of the UPRE are more dynamic during the wet season due to receiving huge amount of river discharge. During the dry season, only the e-folding time scales showed higher values in the salinity maximum zone (salt plug area). This implied that the e-folding time scale is an empirical approach and was able to encompass the tidal dispersion process whereas the FFM was unable to include that process. As the PRE is a macrotidal estuary, the tide assists to flush dissolved substances from the UPRE to the coast during the dry season having negligible river discharge. In addition, there was no significant variation in water quality parameter between the salt plug area (SP) and downstream of salt plug area (DSP) during the dry season. In order to have more accuracy, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model would be useful to compute estuarine time scales precisely.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Key points The daily exchange volume decreased by eight times during dry season.Salt plug did not trap nutrients and deteriorate water quality.The e-folding flushing time scale included the tidal dispersion process.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Flushing time</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Monsoonal estuary</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">River discharge</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Tide</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Cho, Yang-Ki</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Kundu, Sampa Rani</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Hasan, Jahid</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Haque, Farhana</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Salam, Mohammad Abdus</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Enthalten in</subfield><subfield code="t">Terrestrial, atmospheric and oceanic sciences</subfield><subfield code="d">Heidelberg : Springer Nature, 1990</subfield><subfield code="g">33(2022), 1 vom: 02. 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The calculation of flushing time for the upper Pasur River Estuary, Bangladesh

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