Birth of the sol–gel method: early history

Abstract Congratulations on “United Nations International Year of Glass 2022.” I would like to acknowledge the efforts made by the International Commission on Glass with the Community of Glass Associations and the Glass Art Society to promote the status of glass. I am very much pleased to contribute...
Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Sakka, Sumio [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2021

Schlagwörter:	Glass Sol–gel Coating films Organic–inorganic hybrids Microcomposites History

Anmerkung:	© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Journal of sol gel science and technology - Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1993, 102(2021), 3 vom: 11. Okt., Seite 478-481
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:102 ; year:2021 ; number:3 ; day:11 ; month:10 ; pages:478-481

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1007/s10971-021-05640-9

Katalog-ID:	SPR047243473

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520			\|a Abstract Congratulations on “United Nations International Year of Glass 2022.” I would like to acknowledge the efforts made by the International Commission on Glass with the Community of Glass Associations and the Glass Art Society to promote the status of glass. I am very much pleased to contribute an article on the birth of the sol–gel method and its growth in early times for a Special Issue of Journal of Sol–Gel Science and Technology, which is published to celebrate the Year of Glass. At present, the sol–gel method is employed not only for manufacturing optical glass fibers for communication, but also for processing a wide range of functional, high technology materials, such as photonic, electronic, micromechanical, chemical, and bionic materials. The sol–gel method typically involves the following steps: (1) starting from a solution containing pure precursors, (2) conversion of the solution to a sol and then to a gel by hydrolysis and polycondensation, (3) forming into desired shapes such as bulk, film, and fiber during gelation of the sol, and (4) thermal treatment of the gel into a solid material at low temperatures. It should be noted, however, that there are many variants. For instance, the method of fabrication of a solid material by heating the shaped compact of gel powders prepared from a solution or sol is also called the “sol–gel method.” In this case, “starting from a solution” is important.
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allfields	10.1007/s10971-021-05640-9 doi (DE-627)SPR047243473 (SPR)s10971-021-05640-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Sakka, Sumio verfasserin aut Birth of the sol–gel method: early history 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021 Abstract Congratulations on “United Nations International Year of Glass 2022.” I would like to acknowledge the efforts made by the International Commission on Glass with the Community of Glass Associations and the Glass Art Society to promote the status of glass. I am very much pleased to contribute an article on the birth of the sol–gel method and its growth in early times for a Special Issue of Journal of Sol–Gel Science and Technology, which is published to celebrate the Year of Glass. At present, the sol–gel method is employed not only for manufacturing optical glass fibers for communication, but also for processing a wide range of functional, high technology materials, such as photonic, electronic, micromechanical, chemical, and bionic materials. The sol–gel method typically involves the following steps: (1) starting from a solution containing pure precursors, (2) conversion of the solution to a sol and then to a gel by hydrolysis and polycondensation, (3) forming into desired shapes such as bulk, film, and fiber during gelation of the sol, and (4) thermal treatment of the gel into a solid material at low temperatures. It should be noted, however, that there are many variants. For instance, the method of fabrication of a solid material by heating the shaped compact of gel powders prepared from a solution or sol is also called the “sol–gel method.” In this case, “starting from a solution” is important. Glass (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sol–gel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Coating films (dpeaa)DE-He213 Organic–inorganic hybrids (dpeaa)DE-He213 Microcomposites (dpeaa)DE-He213 History (dpeaa)DE-He213 Enthalten in Journal of sol gel science and technology Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1993 102(2021), 3 vom: 11. Okt., Seite 478-481 (DE-627)268757607 (DE-600)1472726-2 1573-4846 nnns volume:102 year:2021 number:3 day:11 month:10 pages:478-481 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10971-021-05640-9 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 102 2021 3 11 10 478-481
spelling	10.1007/s10971-021-05640-9 doi (DE-627)SPR047243473 (SPR)s10971-021-05640-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Sakka, Sumio verfasserin aut Birth of the sol–gel method: early history 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021 Abstract Congratulations on “United Nations International Year of Glass 2022.” I would like to acknowledge the efforts made by the International Commission on Glass with the Community of Glass Associations and the Glass Art Society to promote the status of glass. I am very much pleased to contribute an article on the birth of the sol–gel method and its growth in early times for a Special Issue of Journal of Sol–Gel Science and Technology, which is published to celebrate the Year of Glass. At present, the sol–gel method is employed not only for manufacturing optical glass fibers for communication, but also for processing a wide range of functional, high technology materials, such as photonic, electronic, micromechanical, chemical, and bionic materials. The sol–gel method typically involves the following steps: (1) starting from a solution containing pure precursors, (2) conversion of the solution to a sol and then to a gel by hydrolysis and polycondensation, (3) forming into desired shapes such as bulk, film, and fiber during gelation of the sol, and (4) thermal treatment of the gel into a solid material at low temperatures. It should be noted, however, that there are many variants. For instance, the method of fabrication of a solid material by heating the shaped compact of gel powders prepared from a solution or sol is also called the “sol–gel method.” In this case, “starting from a solution” is important. Glass (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sol–gel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Coating films (dpeaa)DE-He213 Organic–inorganic hybrids (dpeaa)DE-He213 Microcomposites (dpeaa)DE-He213 History (dpeaa)DE-He213 Enthalten in Journal of sol gel science and technology Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1993 102(2021), 3 vom: 11. Okt., Seite 478-481 (DE-627)268757607 (DE-600)1472726-2 1573-4846 nnns volume:102 year:2021 number:3 day:11 month:10 pages:478-481 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10971-021-05640-9 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 102 2021 3 11 10 478-481
allfields_unstemmed	10.1007/s10971-021-05640-9 doi (DE-627)SPR047243473 (SPR)s10971-021-05640-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Sakka, Sumio verfasserin aut Birth of the sol–gel method: early history 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021 Abstract Congratulations on “United Nations International Year of Glass 2022.” I would like to acknowledge the efforts made by the International Commission on Glass with the Community of Glass Associations and the Glass Art Society to promote the status of glass. I am very much pleased to contribute an article on the birth of the sol–gel method and its growth in early times for a Special Issue of Journal of Sol–Gel Science and Technology, which is published to celebrate the Year of Glass. At present, the sol–gel method is employed not only for manufacturing optical glass fibers for communication, but also for processing a wide range of functional, high technology materials, such as photonic, electronic, micromechanical, chemical, and bionic materials. The sol–gel method typically involves the following steps: (1) starting from a solution containing pure precursors, (2) conversion of the solution to a sol and then to a gel by hydrolysis and polycondensation, (3) forming into desired shapes such as bulk, film, and fiber during gelation of the sol, and (4) thermal treatment of the gel into a solid material at low temperatures. It should be noted, however, that there are many variants. For instance, the method of fabrication of a solid material by heating the shaped compact of gel powders prepared from a solution or sol is also called the “sol–gel method.” In this case, “starting from a solution” is important. Glass (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sol–gel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Coating films (dpeaa)DE-He213 Organic–inorganic hybrids (dpeaa)DE-He213 Microcomposites (dpeaa)DE-He213 History (dpeaa)DE-He213 Enthalten in Journal of sol gel science and technology Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1993 102(2021), 3 vom: 11. Okt., Seite 478-481 (DE-627)268757607 (DE-600)1472726-2 1573-4846 nnns volume:102 year:2021 number:3 day:11 month:10 pages:478-481 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10971-021-05640-9 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 102 2021 3 11 10 478-481
allfieldsGer	10.1007/s10971-021-05640-9 doi (DE-627)SPR047243473 (SPR)s10971-021-05640-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Sakka, Sumio verfasserin aut Birth of the sol–gel method: early history 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021 Abstract Congratulations on “United Nations International Year of Glass 2022.” I would like to acknowledge the efforts made by the International Commission on Glass with the Community of Glass Associations and the Glass Art Society to promote the status of glass. I am very much pleased to contribute an article on the birth of the sol–gel method and its growth in early times for a Special Issue of Journal of Sol–Gel Science and Technology, which is published to celebrate the Year of Glass. At present, the sol–gel method is employed not only for manufacturing optical glass fibers for communication, but also for processing a wide range of functional, high technology materials, such as photonic, electronic, micromechanical, chemical, and bionic materials. The sol–gel method typically involves the following steps: (1) starting from a solution containing pure precursors, (2) conversion of the solution to a sol and then to a gel by hydrolysis and polycondensation, (3) forming into desired shapes such as bulk, film, and fiber during gelation of the sol, and (4) thermal treatment of the gel into a solid material at low temperatures. It should be noted, however, that there are many variants. For instance, the method of fabrication of a solid material by heating the shaped compact of gel powders prepared from a solution or sol is also called the “sol–gel method.” In this case, “starting from a solution” is important. Glass (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sol–gel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Coating films (dpeaa)DE-He213 Organic–inorganic hybrids (dpeaa)DE-He213 Microcomposites (dpeaa)DE-He213 History (dpeaa)DE-He213 Enthalten in Journal of sol gel science and technology Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1993 102(2021), 3 vom: 11. Okt., Seite 478-481 (DE-627)268757607 (DE-600)1472726-2 1573-4846 nnns volume:102 year:2021 number:3 day:11 month:10 pages:478-481 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10971-021-05640-9 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 102 2021 3 11 10 478-481
allfieldsSound	10.1007/s10971-021-05640-9 doi (DE-627)SPR047243473 (SPR)s10971-021-05640-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Sakka, Sumio verfasserin aut Birth of the sol–gel method: early history 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021 Abstract Congratulations on “United Nations International Year of Glass 2022.” I would like to acknowledge the efforts made by the International Commission on Glass with the Community of Glass Associations and the Glass Art Society to promote the status of glass. I am very much pleased to contribute an article on the birth of the sol–gel method and its growth in early times for a Special Issue of Journal of Sol–Gel Science and Technology, which is published to celebrate the Year of Glass. At present, the sol–gel method is employed not only for manufacturing optical glass fibers for communication, but also for processing a wide range of functional, high technology materials, such as photonic, electronic, micromechanical, chemical, and bionic materials. The sol–gel method typically involves the following steps: (1) starting from a solution containing pure precursors, (2) conversion of the solution to a sol and then to a gel by hydrolysis and polycondensation, (3) forming into desired shapes such as bulk, film, and fiber during gelation of the sol, and (4) thermal treatment of the gel into a solid material at low temperatures. It should be noted, however, that there are many variants. For instance, the method of fabrication of a solid material by heating the shaped compact of gel powders prepared from a solution or sol is also called the “sol–gel method.” In this case, “starting from a solution” is important. Glass (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sol–gel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Coating films (dpeaa)DE-He213 Organic–inorganic hybrids (dpeaa)DE-He213 Microcomposites (dpeaa)DE-He213 History (dpeaa)DE-He213 Enthalten in Journal of sol gel science and technology Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1993 102(2021), 3 vom: 11. Okt., Seite 478-481 (DE-627)268757607 (DE-600)1472726-2 1573-4846 nnns volume:102 year:2021 number:3 day:11 month:10 pages:478-481 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10971-021-05640-9 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 102 2021 3 11 10 478-481
language	English
source	Enthalten in Journal of sol gel science and technology 102(2021), 3 vom: 11. Okt., Seite 478-481 volume:102 year:2021 number:3 day:11 month:10 pages:478-481
sourceStr	Enthalten in Journal of sol gel science and technology 102(2021), 3 vom: 11. Okt., Seite 478-481 volume:102 year:2021 number:3 day:11 month:10 pages:478-481
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	Glass Sol–gel Coating films Organic–inorganic hybrids Microcomposites History
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container_title	Journal of sol gel science and technology
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Sakka, Sumio @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2021-10-11T00:00:00Z
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author	Sakka, Sumio
spellingShingle	Sakka, Sumio misc Glass misc Sol–gel misc Coating films misc Organic–inorganic hybrids misc Microcomposites misc History Birth of the sol–gel method: early history
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topic_title	Birth of the sol–gel method: early history Glass (dpeaa)DE-He213 Sol–gel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Coating films (dpeaa)DE-He213 Organic–inorganic hybrids (dpeaa)DE-He213 Microcomposites (dpeaa)DE-He213 History (dpeaa)DE-He213
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title	Birth of the sol–gel method: early history
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title_sort	birth of the sol–gel method: early history
title_auth	Birth of the sol–gel method: early history
abstract	Abstract Congratulations on “United Nations International Year of Glass 2022.” I would like to acknowledge the efforts made by the International Commission on Glass with the Community of Glass Associations and the Glass Art Society to promote the status of glass. I am very much pleased to contribute an article on the birth of the sol–gel method and its growth in early times for a Special Issue of Journal of Sol–Gel Science and Technology, which is published to celebrate the Year of Glass. At present, the sol–gel method is employed not only for manufacturing optical glass fibers for communication, but also for processing a wide range of functional, high technology materials, such as photonic, electronic, micromechanical, chemical, and bionic materials. The sol–gel method typically involves the following steps: (1) starting from a solution containing pure precursors, (2) conversion of the solution to a sol and then to a gel by hydrolysis and polycondensation, (3) forming into desired shapes such as bulk, film, and fiber during gelation of the sol, and (4) thermal treatment of the gel into a solid material at low temperatures. It should be noted, however, that there are many variants. For instance, the method of fabrication of a solid material by heating the shaped compact of gel powders prepared from a solution or sol is also called the “sol–gel method.” In this case, “starting from a solution” is important. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021
abstractGer	Abstract Congratulations on “United Nations International Year of Glass 2022.” I would like to acknowledge the efforts made by the International Commission on Glass with the Community of Glass Associations and the Glass Art Society to promote the status of glass. I am very much pleased to contribute an article on the birth of the sol–gel method and its growth in early times for a Special Issue of Journal of Sol–Gel Science and Technology, which is published to celebrate the Year of Glass. At present, the sol–gel method is employed not only for manufacturing optical glass fibers for communication, but also for processing a wide range of functional, high technology materials, such as photonic, electronic, micromechanical, chemical, and bionic materials. The sol–gel method typically involves the following steps: (1) starting from a solution containing pure precursors, (2) conversion of the solution to a sol and then to a gel by hydrolysis and polycondensation, (3) forming into desired shapes such as bulk, film, and fiber during gelation of the sol, and (4) thermal treatment of the gel into a solid material at low temperatures. It should be noted, however, that there are many variants. For instance, the method of fabrication of a solid material by heating the shaped compact of gel powders prepared from a solution or sol is also called the “sol–gel method.” In this case, “starting from a solution” is important. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract Congratulations on “United Nations International Year of Glass 2022.” I would like to acknowledge the efforts made by the International Commission on Glass with the Community of Glass Associations and the Glass Art Society to promote the status of glass. I am very much pleased to contribute an article on the birth of the sol–gel method and its growth in early times for a Special Issue of Journal of Sol–Gel Science and Technology, which is published to celebrate the Year of Glass. At present, the sol–gel method is employed not only for manufacturing optical glass fibers for communication, but also for processing a wide range of functional, high technology materials, such as photonic, electronic, micromechanical, chemical, and bionic materials. The sol–gel method typically involves the following steps: (1) starting from a solution containing pure precursors, (2) conversion of the solution to a sol and then to a gel by hydrolysis and polycondensation, (3) forming into desired shapes such as bulk, film, and fiber during gelation of the sol, and (4) thermal treatment of the gel into a solid material at low temperatures. It should be noted, however, that there are many variants. For instance, the method of fabrication of a solid material by heating the shaped compact of gel powders prepared from a solution or sol is also called the “sol–gel method.” In this case, “starting from a solution” is important. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021
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title_short	Birth of the sol–gel method: early history
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Birth of the sol–gel method: early history

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