Small nuclei identification with a hemispherical brain PET

Background To confirm the performance of the first hemispherical positron emission tomography (PET) for the brain (Vrain) that we developed to visualise the small nuclei in the deep brain area, we compared 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) brain images with whole-body PET images. Methods Ten healthy male...
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Autor*in:	Takahashi, Miwako [verfasserIn] Akamatsu, Go Iwao, Yuma Tashima, Hideaki Yoshida, Eiji Yamaya, Taiga

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2022

Schlagwörter:	Brain PET FDG Healthy volunteer Thalamus Raphe nucleus

Anmerkung:	© The Author(s) 2022

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: EJNMMI Physics - Berlin : SpringerOpen, 2014, 9(2022), 1 vom: 08. Okt.
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:9 ; year:2022 ; number:1 ; day:08 ; month:10

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1186/s40658-022-00498-4

Katalog-ID:	SPR048315028

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520			\|a Background To confirm the performance of the first hemispherical positron emission tomography (PET) for the brain (Vrain) that we developed to visualise the small nuclei in the deep brain area, we compared 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) brain images with whole-body PET images. Methods Ten healthy male volunteers (aged 22–45 years) underwent a representative clinical whole-body PET, followed by Vrain each for 10 min. These two scans were initiated 30 min and 45 min after FDG injection (4.1 ± 0.5 MBq/kg), respectively. First, we visually identified the small nuclei and then compared their standardised uptake values (SUVs) with the participants’ age. Next, the SUVs of each brain region, which were determined by applying a volume-of-interest template for anatomically normalised PET images, were compared between the brain images with the Vrain and those with the whole-body PET images. Results Small nuclei, such as the inferior colliculus, red nucleus, and substantia nigra, were more clearly visualised in Vrain than in whole-body PET. The anterior nucleus and dorsomedial nucleus in the thalamus and raphe nucleus in the brainstem were identified in Vrain but not in whole-body PET. The SUVs of the inferior colliculus and dentate gyrus in the cerebellum positively correlated with age (Spearman’s correlation coefficient r = 0.811, p = 0.004; r = 0.738, p = 0.015, respectively). The SUVs of Vrain were slightly higher in the mesial temporal and medial parietal lobes than those in whole-body PET. Conclusions This was the first time that the raphe nuclei, anterior nuclei, and dorsomedial nuclei were successfully visualised using the first hemispherical brain PET. Trial registration Japan Registry of Clinical Trials, jRCTs032210086, Registered 13 May 2021, https://jrct.niph.go.jp/latest-detail/jRCTs032210086.
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allfields	10.1186/s40658-022-00498-4 doi (DE-627)SPR048315028 (SPR)s40658-022-00498-4-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Takahashi, Miwako verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-1953-7428 aut Small nuclei identification with a hemispherical brain PET 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2022 Background To confirm the performance of the first hemispherical positron emission tomography (PET) for the brain (Vrain) that we developed to visualise the small nuclei in the deep brain area, we compared 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) brain images with whole-body PET images. Methods Ten healthy male volunteers (aged 22–45 years) underwent a representative clinical whole-body PET, followed by Vrain each for 10 min. These two scans were initiated 30 min and 45 min after FDG injection (4.1 ± 0.5 MBq/kg), respectively. First, we visually identified the small nuclei and then compared their standardised uptake values (SUVs) with the participants’ age. Next, the SUVs of each brain region, which were determined by applying a volume-of-interest template for anatomically normalised PET images, were compared between the brain images with the Vrain and those with the whole-body PET images. Results Small nuclei, such as the inferior colliculus, red nucleus, and substantia nigra, were more clearly visualised in Vrain than in whole-body PET. The anterior nucleus and dorsomedial nucleus in the thalamus and raphe nucleus in the brainstem were identified in Vrain but not in whole-body PET. The SUVs of the inferior colliculus and dentate gyrus in the cerebellum positively correlated with age (Spearman’s correlation coefficient r = 0.811, p = 0.004; r = 0.738, p = 0.015, respectively). The SUVs of Vrain were slightly higher in the mesial temporal and medial parietal lobes than those in whole-body PET. Conclusions This was the first time that the raphe nuclei, anterior nuclei, and dorsomedial nuclei were successfully visualised using the first hemispherical brain PET. Trial registration Japan Registry of Clinical Trials, jRCTs032210086, Registered 13 May 2021, https://jrct.niph.go.jp/latest-detail/jRCTs032210086. Brain PET (dpeaa)DE-He213 FDG (dpeaa)DE-He213 Healthy volunteer (dpeaa)DE-He213 Thalamus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Raphe nucleus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Akamatsu, Go aut Iwao, Yuma aut Tashima, Hideaki aut Yoshida, Eiji aut Yamaya, Taiga aut Enthalten in EJNMMI Physics Berlin : SpringerOpen, 2014 9(2022), 1 vom: 08. Okt. (DE-627)785697993 (DE-600)2768912-8 2197-7364 nnns volume:9 year:2022 number:1 day:08 month:10 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40658-022-00498-4 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 9 2022 1 08 10
spelling	10.1186/s40658-022-00498-4 doi (DE-627)SPR048315028 (SPR)s40658-022-00498-4-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Takahashi, Miwako verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-1953-7428 aut Small nuclei identification with a hemispherical brain PET 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2022 Background To confirm the performance of the first hemispherical positron emission tomography (PET) for the brain (Vrain) that we developed to visualise the small nuclei in the deep brain area, we compared 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) brain images with whole-body PET images. Methods Ten healthy male volunteers (aged 22–45 years) underwent a representative clinical whole-body PET, followed by Vrain each for 10 min. These two scans were initiated 30 min and 45 min after FDG injection (4.1 ± 0.5 MBq/kg), respectively. First, we visually identified the small nuclei and then compared their standardised uptake values (SUVs) with the participants’ age. Next, the SUVs of each brain region, which were determined by applying a volume-of-interest template for anatomically normalised PET images, were compared between the brain images with the Vrain and those with the whole-body PET images. Results Small nuclei, such as the inferior colliculus, red nucleus, and substantia nigra, were more clearly visualised in Vrain than in whole-body PET. The anterior nucleus and dorsomedial nucleus in the thalamus and raphe nucleus in the brainstem were identified in Vrain but not in whole-body PET. The SUVs of the inferior colliculus and dentate gyrus in the cerebellum positively correlated with age (Spearman’s correlation coefficient r = 0.811, p = 0.004; r = 0.738, p = 0.015, respectively). The SUVs of Vrain were slightly higher in the mesial temporal and medial parietal lobes than those in whole-body PET. Conclusions This was the first time that the raphe nuclei, anterior nuclei, and dorsomedial nuclei were successfully visualised using the first hemispherical brain PET. Trial registration Japan Registry of Clinical Trials, jRCTs032210086, Registered 13 May 2021, https://jrct.niph.go.jp/latest-detail/jRCTs032210086. Brain PET (dpeaa)DE-He213 FDG (dpeaa)DE-He213 Healthy volunteer (dpeaa)DE-He213 Thalamus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Raphe nucleus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Akamatsu, Go aut Iwao, Yuma aut Tashima, Hideaki aut Yoshida, Eiji aut Yamaya, Taiga aut Enthalten in EJNMMI Physics Berlin : SpringerOpen, 2014 9(2022), 1 vom: 08. Okt. (DE-627)785697993 (DE-600)2768912-8 2197-7364 nnns volume:9 year:2022 number:1 day:08 month:10 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40658-022-00498-4 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 9 2022 1 08 10
allfields_unstemmed	10.1186/s40658-022-00498-4 doi (DE-627)SPR048315028 (SPR)s40658-022-00498-4-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Takahashi, Miwako verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-1953-7428 aut Small nuclei identification with a hemispherical brain PET 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2022 Background To confirm the performance of the first hemispherical positron emission tomography (PET) for the brain (Vrain) that we developed to visualise the small nuclei in the deep brain area, we compared 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) brain images with whole-body PET images. Methods Ten healthy male volunteers (aged 22–45 years) underwent a representative clinical whole-body PET, followed by Vrain each for 10 min. These two scans were initiated 30 min and 45 min after FDG injection (4.1 ± 0.5 MBq/kg), respectively. First, we visually identified the small nuclei and then compared their standardised uptake values (SUVs) with the participants’ age. Next, the SUVs of each brain region, which were determined by applying a volume-of-interest template for anatomically normalised PET images, were compared between the brain images with the Vrain and those with the whole-body PET images. Results Small nuclei, such as the inferior colliculus, red nucleus, and substantia nigra, were more clearly visualised in Vrain than in whole-body PET. The anterior nucleus and dorsomedial nucleus in the thalamus and raphe nucleus in the brainstem were identified in Vrain but not in whole-body PET. The SUVs of the inferior colliculus and dentate gyrus in the cerebellum positively correlated with age (Spearman’s correlation coefficient r = 0.811, p = 0.004; r = 0.738, p = 0.015, respectively). The SUVs of Vrain were slightly higher in the mesial temporal and medial parietal lobes than those in whole-body PET. Conclusions This was the first time that the raphe nuclei, anterior nuclei, and dorsomedial nuclei were successfully visualised using the first hemispherical brain PET. Trial registration Japan Registry of Clinical Trials, jRCTs032210086, Registered 13 May 2021, https://jrct.niph.go.jp/latest-detail/jRCTs032210086. Brain PET (dpeaa)DE-He213 FDG (dpeaa)DE-He213 Healthy volunteer (dpeaa)DE-He213 Thalamus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Raphe nucleus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Akamatsu, Go aut Iwao, Yuma aut Tashima, Hideaki aut Yoshida, Eiji aut Yamaya, Taiga aut Enthalten in EJNMMI Physics Berlin : SpringerOpen, 2014 9(2022), 1 vom: 08. Okt. (DE-627)785697993 (DE-600)2768912-8 2197-7364 nnns volume:9 year:2022 number:1 day:08 month:10 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40658-022-00498-4 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 9 2022 1 08 10
allfieldsGer	10.1186/s40658-022-00498-4 doi (DE-627)SPR048315028 (SPR)s40658-022-00498-4-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Takahashi, Miwako verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-1953-7428 aut Small nuclei identification with a hemispherical brain PET 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2022 Background To confirm the performance of the first hemispherical positron emission tomography (PET) for the brain (Vrain) that we developed to visualise the small nuclei in the deep brain area, we compared 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) brain images with whole-body PET images. Methods Ten healthy male volunteers (aged 22–45 years) underwent a representative clinical whole-body PET, followed by Vrain each for 10 min. These two scans were initiated 30 min and 45 min after FDG injection (4.1 ± 0.5 MBq/kg), respectively. First, we visually identified the small nuclei and then compared their standardised uptake values (SUVs) with the participants’ age. Next, the SUVs of each brain region, which were determined by applying a volume-of-interest template for anatomically normalised PET images, were compared between the brain images with the Vrain and those with the whole-body PET images. Results Small nuclei, such as the inferior colliculus, red nucleus, and substantia nigra, were more clearly visualised in Vrain than in whole-body PET. The anterior nucleus and dorsomedial nucleus in the thalamus and raphe nucleus in the brainstem were identified in Vrain but not in whole-body PET. The SUVs of the inferior colliculus and dentate gyrus in the cerebellum positively correlated with age (Spearman’s correlation coefficient r = 0.811, p = 0.004; r = 0.738, p = 0.015, respectively). The SUVs of Vrain were slightly higher in the mesial temporal and medial parietal lobes than those in whole-body PET. Conclusions This was the first time that the raphe nuclei, anterior nuclei, and dorsomedial nuclei were successfully visualised using the first hemispherical brain PET. Trial registration Japan Registry of Clinical Trials, jRCTs032210086, Registered 13 May 2021, https://jrct.niph.go.jp/latest-detail/jRCTs032210086. Brain PET (dpeaa)DE-He213 FDG (dpeaa)DE-He213 Healthy volunteer (dpeaa)DE-He213 Thalamus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Raphe nucleus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Akamatsu, Go aut Iwao, Yuma aut Tashima, Hideaki aut Yoshida, Eiji aut Yamaya, Taiga aut Enthalten in EJNMMI Physics Berlin : SpringerOpen, 2014 9(2022), 1 vom: 08. Okt. (DE-627)785697993 (DE-600)2768912-8 2197-7364 nnns volume:9 year:2022 number:1 day:08 month:10 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40658-022-00498-4 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 9 2022 1 08 10
allfieldsSound	10.1186/s40658-022-00498-4 doi (DE-627)SPR048315028 (SPR)s40658-022-00498-4-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Takahashi, Miwako verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-1953-7428 aut Small nuclei identification with a hemispherical brain PET 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2022 Background To confirm the performance of the first hemispherical positron emission tomography (PET) for the brain (Vrain) that we developed to visualise the small nuclei in the deep brain area, we compared 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) brain images with whole-body PET images. Methods Ten healthy male volunteers (aged 22–45 years) underwent a representative clinical whole-body PET, followed by Vrain each for 10 min. These two scans were initiated 30 min and 45 min after FDG injection (4.1 ± 0.5 MBq/kg), respectively. First, we visually identified the small nuclei and then compared their standardised uptake values (SUVs) with the participants’ age. Next, the SUVs of each brain region, which were determined by applying a volume-of-interest template for anatomically normalised PET images, were compared between the brain images with the Vrain and those with the whole-body PET images. Results Small nuclei, such as the inferior colliculus, red nucleus, and substantia nigra, were more clearly visualised in Vrain than in whole-body PET. The anterior nucleus and dorsomedial nucleus in the thalamus and raphe nucleus in the brainstem were identified in Vrain but not in whole-body PET. The SUVs of the inferior colliculus and dentate gyrus in the cerebellum positively correlated with age (Spearman’s correlation coefficient r = 0.811, p = 0.004; r = 0.738, p = 0.015, respectively). The SUVs of Vrain were slightly higher in the mesial temporal and medial parietal lobes than those in whole-body PET. Conclusions This was the first time that the raphe nuclei, anterior nuclei, and dorsomedial nuclei were successfully visualised using the first hemispherical brain PET. Trial registration Japan Registry of Clinical Trials, jRCTs032210086, Registered 13 May 2021, https://jrct.niph.go.jp/latest-detail/jRCTs032210086. Brain PET (dpeaa)DE-He213 FDG (dpeaa)DE-He213 Healthy volunteer (dpeaa)DE-He213 Thalamus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Raphe nucleus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Akamatsu, Go aut Iwao, Yuma aut Tashima, Hideaki aut Yoshida, Eiji aut Yamaya, Taiga aut Enthalten in EJNMMI Physics Berlin : SpringerOpen, 2014 9(2022), 1 vom: 08. Okt. (DE-627)785697993 (DE-600)2768912-8 2197-7364 nnns volume:9 year:2022 number:1 day:08 month:10 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40658-022-00498-4 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 9 2022 1 08 10
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topic_title	Small nuclei identification with a hemispherical brain PET Brain PET (dpeaa)DE-He213 FDG (dpeaa)DE-He213 Healthy volunteer (dpeaa)DE-He213 Thalamus (dpeaa)DE-He213 Raphe nucleus (dpeaa)DE-He213
topic	misc Brain PET misc FDG misc Healthy volunteer misc Thalamus misc Raphe nucleus
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title	Small nuclei identification with a hemispherical brain PET
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title_sort	small nuclei identification with a hemispherical brain pet
title_auth	Small nuclei identification with a hemispherical brain PET
abstract	Background To confirm the performance of the first hemispherical positron emission tomography (PET) for the brain (Vrain) that we developed to visualise the small nuclei in the deep brain area, we compared 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) brain images with whole-body PET images. Methods Ten healthy male volunteers (aged 22–45 years) underwent a representative clinical whole-body PET, followed by Vrain each for 10 min. These two scans were initiated 30 min and 45 min after FDG injection (4.1 ± 0.5 MBq/kg), respectively. First, we visually identified the small nuclei and then compared their standardised uptake values (SUVs) with the participants’ age. Next, the SUVs of each brain region, which were determined by applying a volume-of-interest template for anatomically normalised PET images, were compared between the brain images with the Vrain and those with the whole-body PET images. Results Small nuclei, such as the inferior colliculus, red nucleus, and substantia nigra, were more clearly visualised in Vrain than in whole-body PET. The anterior nucleus and dorsomedial nucleus in the thalamus and raphe nucleus in the brainstem were identified in Vrain but not in whole-body PET. The SUVs of the inferior colliculus and dentate gyrus in the cerebellum positively correlated with age (Spearman’s correlation coefficient r = 0.811, p = 0.004; r = 0.738, p = 0.015, respectively). The SUVs of Vrain were slightly higher in the mesial temporal and medial parietal lobes than those in whole-body PET. Conclusions This was the first time that the raphe nuclei, anterior nuclei, and dorsomedial nuclei were successfully visualised using the first hemispherical brain PET. Trial registration Japan Registry of Clinical Trials, jRCTs032210086, Registered 13 May 2021, https://jrct.niph.go.jp/latest-detail/jRCTs032210086. © The Author(s) 2022
abstractGer	Background To confirm the performance of the first hemispherical positron emission tomography (PET) for the brain (Vrain) that we developed to visualise the small nuclei in the deep brain area, we compared 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) brain images with whole-body PET images. Methods Ten healthy male volunteers (aged 22–45 years) underwent a representative clinical whole-body PET, followed by Vrain each for 10 min. These two scans were initiated 30 min and 45 min after FDG injection (4.1 ± 0.5 MBq/kg), respectively. First, we visually identified the small nuclei and then compared their standardised uptake values (SUVs) with the participants’ age. Next, the SUVs of each brain region, which were determined by applying a volume-of-interest template for anatomically normalised PET images, were compared between the brain images with the Vrain and those with the whole-body PET images. Results Small nuclei, such as the inferior colliculus, red nucleus, and substantia nigra, were more clearly visualised in Vrain than in whole-body PET. The anterior nucleus and dorsomedial nucleus in the thalamus and raphe nucleus in the brainstem were identified in Vrain but not in whole-body PET. The SUVs of the inferior colliculus and dentate gyrus in the cerebellum positively correlated with age (Spearman’s correlation coefficient r = 0.811, p = 0.004; r = 0.738, p = 0.015, respectively). The SUVs of Vrain were slightly higher in the mesial temporal and medial parietal lobes than those in whole-body PET. Conclusions This was the first time that the raphe nuclei, anterior nuclei, and dorsomedial nuclei were successfully visualised using the first hemispherical brain PET. Trial registration Japan Registry of Clinical Trials, jRCTs032210086, Registered 13 May 2021, https://jrct.niph.go.jp/latest-detail/jRCTs032210086. © The Author(s) 2022
abstract_unstemmed	Background To confirm the performance of the first hemispherical positron emission tomography (PET) for the brain (Vrain) that we developed to visualise the small nuclei in the deep brain area, we compared 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) brain images with whole-body PET images. Methods Ten healthy male volunteers (aged 22–45 years) underwent a representative clinical whole-body PET, followed by Vrain each for 10 min. These two scans were initiated 30 min and 45 min after FDG injection (4.1 ± 0.5 MBq/kg), respectively. First, we visually identified the small nuclei and then compared their standardised uptake values (SUVs) with the participants’ age. Next, the SUVs of each brain region, which were determined by applying a volume-of-interest template for anatomically normalised PET images, were compared between the brain images with the Vrain and those with the whole-body PET images. Results Small nuclei, such as the inferior colliculus, red nucleus, and substantia nigra, were more clearly visualised in Vrain than in whole-body PET. The anterior nucleus and dorsomedial nucleus in the thalamus and raphe nucleus in the brainstem were identified in Vrain but not in whole-body PET. The SUVs of the inferior colliculus and dentate gyrus in the cerebellum positively correlated with age (Spearman’s correlation coefficient r = 0.811, p = 0.004; r = 0.738, p = 0.015, respectively). The SUVs of Vrain were slightly higher in the mesial temporal and medial parietal lobes than those in whole-body PET. Conclusions This was the first time that the raphe nuclei, anterior nuclei, and dorsomedial nuclei were successfully visualised using the first hemispherical brain PET. Trial registration Japan Registry of Clinical Trials, jRCTs032210086, Registered 13 May 2021, https://jrct.niph.go.jp/latest-detail/jRCTs032210086. © The Author(s) 2022
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title_short	Small nuclei identification with a hemispherical brain PET
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Methods Ten healthy male volunteers (aged 22–45 years) underwent a representative clinical whole-body PET, followed by Vrain each for 10 min. These two scans were initiated 30 min and 45 min after FDG injection (4.1 ± 0.5 MBq/kg), respectively. First, we visually identified the small nuclei and then compared their standardised uptake values (SUVs) with the participants’ age. Next, the SUVs of each brain region, which were determined by applying a volume-of-interest template for anatomically normalised PET images, were compared between the brain images with the Vrain and those with the whole-body PET images. Results Small nuclei, such as the inferior colliculus, red nucleus, and substantia nigra, were more clearly visualised in Vrain than in whole-body PET. The anterior nucleus and dorsomedial nucleus in the thalamus and raphe nucleus in the brainstem were identified in Vrain but not in whole-body PET. The SUVs of the inferior colliculus and dentate gyrus in the cerebellum positively correlated with age (Spearman’s correlation coefficient r = 0.811, p = 0.004; r = 0.738, p = 0.015, respectively). The SUVs of Vrain were slightly higher in the mesial temporal and medial parietal lobes than those in whole-body PET. Conclusions This was the first time that the raphe nuclei, anterior nuclei, and dorsomedial nuclei were successfully visualised using the first hemispherical brain PET. 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Small nuclei identification with a hemispherical brain PET

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