Microlite crystallization during eruptions at Mt. Mazama: implications for magma ascent

Abstract Large silicic eruptions can be preceded by small eruptions of different styles and volumes. The Holocene Llao Rock, Cleetwood, and climactic eruptions of Mt. Mazama, OR, USA, were sourced from the same magma and followed this pattern. The Llao Rock and Cleetwood eruptions are both relativel...
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Autor*in:	O’Donnell, Sean B. [verfasserIn] Gardner, James E.

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2022

Schlagwörter:	Microlite Magma ascent Experimental petrology Silicate melts

Anmerkung:	© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Contributions to mineralogy and petrology - Berlin : Springer, 1947, 177(2022), 11 vom: Nov.
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:177 ; year:2022 ; number:11 ; month:11

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1007/s00410-022-01971-0

Katalog-ID:	SPR048543918

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520			\|a Abstract Large silicic eruptions can be preceded by small eruptions of different styles and volumes. The Holocene Llao Rock, Cleetwood, and climactic eruptions of Mt. Mazama, OR, USA, were sourced from the same magma and followed this pattern. The Llao Rock and Cleetwood eruptions are both relatively small, have pyroclasts with microlites and a wide range of vesicularities, and each consisted of an explosive phase followed by an effusive phase. The climactic eruption had no effusive phase and created highly vesicular pyroclasts with no microlites. We analyzed microlite crystallization using phase equilibria and decompression experiments. Comparing the results to the pyroclasts from the Llao Rock and Cleetwood eruptions, we find that the differences between the small and climactic eruptions are likely caused by different magma ascent dynamics. Our experiments show that plagioclase and pyroxene microlites crystallize only during decompressions that are most likely too slow to result in explosive eruptions. The Llao Rock magma likely stalled at shallow depths before continuing fast ascent, which allowed for microlite crystallization that might have also caused explosive eruptions. The Cleetwood magma likely took two separate ascent paths, a majority fraction that ascended quickly from high pressure without stalling and a minority fraction that stalled at shallow depths before continuing ascent along with the majority fraction. These ascent dynamics of the Llao Rock and Cleetwood magmas led to the creation of obsidian pyroclasts from sidewall sintering of fragmented majority-fraction ash. The climactic magma did not stall at shallow depths and instead ascended from depth quickly to the surface, creating the conditions necessary for caldera collapse.
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allfields	10.1007/s00410-022-01971-0 doi (DE-627)SPR048543918 (SPR)s00410-022-01971-0-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng O’Donnell, Sean B. verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-6591-8299 aut Microlite crystallization during eruptions at Mt. Mazama: implications for magma ascent 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Abstract Large silicic eruptions can be preceded by small eruptions of different styles and volumes. The Holocene Llao Rock, Cleetwood, and climactic eruptions of Mt. Mazama, OR, USA, were sourced from the same magma and followed this pattern. The Llao Rock and Cleetwood eruptions are both relatively small, have pyroclasts with microlites and a wide range of vesicularities, and each consisted of an explosive phase followed by an effusive phase. The climactic eruption had no effusive phase and created highly vesicular pyroclasts with no microlites. We analyzed microlite crystallization using phase equilibria and decompression experiments. Comparing the results to the pyroclasts from the Llao Rock and Cleetwood eruptions, we find that the differences between the small and climactic eruptions are likely caused by different magma ascent dynamics. Our experiments show that plagioclase and pyroxene microlites crystallize only during decompressions that are most likely too slow to result in explosive eruptions. The Llao Rock magma likely stalled at shallow depths before continuing fast ascent, which allowed for microlite crystallization that might have also caused explosive eruptions. The Cleetwood magma likely took two separate ascent paths, a majority fraction that ascended quickly from high pressure without stalling and a minority fraction that stalled at shallow depths before continuing ascent along with the majority fraction. These ascent dynamics of the Llao Rock and Cleetwood magmas led to the creation of obsidian pyroclasts from sidewall sintering of fragmented majority-fraction ash. The climactic magma did not stall at shallow depths and instead ascended from depth quickly to the surface, creating the conditions necessary for caldera collapse. Microlite (dpeaa)DE-He213 Magma ascent (dpeaa)DE-He213 Experimental petrology (dpeaa)DE-He213 Silicate melts (dpeaa)DE-He213 Gardner, James E. aut Enthalten in Contributions to mineralogy and petrology Berlin : Springer, 1947 177(2022), 11 vom: Nov. (DE-627)25372208X (DE-600)1458979-5 1432-0967 nnns volume:177 year:2022 number:11 month:11 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-022-01971-0 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 177 2022 11 11
spelling	10.1007/s00410-022-01971-0 doi (DE-627)SPR048543918 (SPR)s00410-022-01971-0-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng O’Donnell, Sean B. verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-6591-8299 aut Microlite crystallization during eruptions at Mt. Mazama: implications for magma ascent 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Abstract Large silicic eruptions can be preceded by small eruptions of different styles and volumes. The Holocene Llao Rock, Cleetwood, and climactic eruptions of Mt. Mazama, OR, USA, were sourced from the same magma and followed this pattern. The Llao Rock and Cleetwood eruptions are both relatively small, have pyroclasts with microlites and a wide range of vesicularities, and each consisted of an explosive phase followed by an effusive phase. The climactic eruption had no effusive phase and created highly vesicular pyroclasts with no microlites. We analyzed microlite crystallization using phase equilibria and decompression experiments. Comparing the results to the pyroclasts from the Llao Rock and Cleetwood eruptions, we find that the differences between the small and climactic eruptions are likely caused by different magma ascent dynamics. Our experiments show that plagioclase and pyroxene microlites crystallize only during decompressions that are most likely too slow to result in explosive eruptions. The Llao Rock magma likely stalled at shallow depths before continuing fast ascent, which allowed for microlite crystallization that might have also caused explosive eruptions. The Cleetwood magma likely took two separate ascent paths, a majority fraction that ascended quickly from high pressure without stalling and a minority fraction that stalled at shallow depths before continuing ascent along with the majority fraction. These ascent dynamics of the Llao Rock and Cleetwood magmas led to the creation of obsidian pyroclasts from sidewall sintering of fragmented majority-fraction ash. The climactic magma did not stall at shallow depths and instead ascended from depth quickly to the surface, creating the conditions necessary for caldera collapse. Microlite (dpeaa)DE-He213 Magma ascent (dpeaa)DE-He213 Experimental petrology (dpeaa)DE-He213 Silicate melts (dpeaa)DE-He213 Gardner, James E. aut Enthalten in Contributions to mineralogy and petrology Berlin : Springer, 1947 177(2022), 11 vom: Nov. (DE-627)25372208X (DE-600)1458979-5 1432-0967 nnns volume:177 year:2022 number:11 month:11 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-022-01971-0 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 177 2022 11 11
allfields_unstemmed	10.1007/s00410-022-01971-0 doi (DE-627)SPR048543918 (SPR)s00410-022-01971-0-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng O’Donnell, Sean B. verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-6591-8299 aut Microlite crystallization during eruptions at Mt. Mazama: implications for magma ascent 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Abstract Large silicic eruptions can be preceded by small eruptions of different styles and volumes. The Holocene Llao Rock, Cleetwood, and climactic eruptions of Mt. Mazama, OR, USA, were sourced from the same magma and followed this pattern. The Llao Rock and Cleetwood eruptions are both relatively small, have pyroclasts with microlites and a wide range of vesicularities, and each consisted of an explosive phase followed by an effusive phase. The climactic eruption had no effusive phase and created highly vesicular pyroclasts with no microlites. We analyzed microlite crystallization using phase equilibria and decompression experiments. Comparing the results to the pyroclasts from the Llao Rock and Cleetwood eruptions, we find that the differences between the small and climactic eruptions are likely caused by different magma ascent dynamics. Our experiments show that plagioclase and pyroxene microlites crystallize only during decompressions that are most likely too slow to result in explosive eruptions. The Llao Rock magma likely stalled at shallow depths before continuing fast ascent, which allowed for microlite crystallization that might have also caused explosive eruptions. The Cleetwood magma likely took two separate ascent paths, a majority fraction that ascended quickly from high pressure without stalling and a minority fraction that stalled at shallow depths before continuing ascent along with the majority fraction. These ascent dynamics of the Llao Rock and Cleetwood magmas led to the creation of obsidian pyroclasts from sidewall sintering of fragmented majority-fraction ash. The climactic magma did not stall at shallow depths and instead ascended from depth quickly to the surface, creating the conditions necessary for caldera collapse. Microlite (dpeaa)DE-He213 Magma ascent (dpeaa)DE-He213 Experimental petrology (dpeaa)DE-He213 Silicate melts (dpeaa)DE-He213 Gardner, James E. aut Enthalten in Contributions to mineralogy and petrology Berlin : Springer, 1947 177(2022), 11 vom: Nov. (DE-627)25372208X (DE-600)1458979-5 1432-0967 nnns volume:177 year:2022 number:11 month:11 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-022-01971-0 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 177 2022 11 11
allfieldsGer	10.1007/s00410-022-01971-0 doi (DE-627)SPR048543918 (SPR)s00410-022-01971-0-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng O’Donnell, Sean B. verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-6591-8299 aut Microlite crystallization during eruptions at Mt. Mazama: implications for magma ascent 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Abstract Large silicic eruptions can be preceded by small eruptions of different styles and volumes. The Holocene Llao Rock, Cleetwood, and climactic eruptions of Mt. Mazama, OR, USA, were sourced from the same magma and followed this pattern. The Llao Rock and Cleetwood eruptions are both relatively small, have pyroclasts with microlites and a wide range of vesicularities, and each consisted of an explosive phase followed by an effusive phase. The climactic eruption had no effusive phase and created highly vesicular pyroclasts with no microlites. We analyzed microlite crystallization using phase equilibria and decompression experiments. Comparing the results to the pyroclasts from the Llao Rock and Cleetwood eruptions, we find that the differences between the small and climactic eruptions are likely caused by different magma ascent dynamics. Our experiments show that plagioclase and pyroxene microlites crystallize only during decompressions that are most likely too slow to result in explosive eruptions. The Llao Rock magma likely stalled at shallow depths before continuing fast ascent, which allowed for microlite crystallization that might have also caused explosive eruptions. The Cleetwood magma likely took two separate ascent paths, a majority fraction that ascended quickly from high pressure without stalling and a minority fraction that stalled at shallow depths before continuing ascent along with the majority fraction. These ascent dynamics of the Llao Rock and Cleetwood magmas led to the creation of obsidian pyroclasts from sidewall sintering of fragmented majority-fraction ash. The climactic magma did not stall at shallow depths and instead ascended from depth quickly to the surface, creating the conditions necessary for caldera collapse. Microlite (dpeaa)DE-He213 Magma ascent (dpeaa)DE-He213 Experimental petrology (dpeaa)DE-He213 Silicate melts (dpeaa)DE-He213 Gardner, James E. aut Enthalten in Contributions to mineralogy and petrology Berlin : Springer, 1947 177(2022), 11 vom: Nov. (DE-627)25372208X (DE-600)1458979-5 1432-0967 nnns volume:177 year:2022 number:11 month:11 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-022-01971-0 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 177 2022 11 11
allfieldsSound	10.1007/s00410-022-01971-0 doi (DE-627)SPR048543918 (SPR)s00410-022-01971-0-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng O’Donnell, Sean B. verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-6591-8299 aut Microlite crystallization during eruptions at Mt. Mazama: implications for magma ascent 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Abstract Large silicic eruptions can be preceded by small eruptions of different styles and volumes. The Holocene Llao Rock, Cleetwood, and climactic eruptions of Mt. Mazama, OR, USA, were sourced from the same magma and followed this pattern. The Llao Rock and Cleetwood eruptions are both relatively small, have pyroclasts with microlites and a wide range of vesicularities, and each consisted of an explosive phase followed by an effusive phase. The climactic eruption had no effusive phase and created highly vesicular pyroclasts with no microlites. We analyzed microlite crystallization using phase equilibria and decompression experiments. Comparing the results to the pyroclasts from the Llao Rock and Cleetwood eruptions, we find that the differences between the small and climactic eruptions are likely caused by different magma ascent dynamics. Our experiments show that plagioclase and pyroxene microlites crystallize only during decompressions that are most likely too slow to result in explosive eruptions. The Llao Rock magma likely stalled at shallow depths before continuing fast ascent, which allowed for microlite crystallization that might have also caused explosive eruptions. The Cleetwood magma likely took two separate ascent paths, a majority fraction that ascended quickly from high pressure without stalling and a minority fraction that stalled at shallow depths before continuing ascent along with the majority fraction. These ascent dynamics of the Llao Rock and Cleetwood magmas led to the creation of obsidian pyroclasts from sidewall sintering of fragmented majority-fraction ash. The climactic magma did not stall at shallow depths and instead ascended from depth quickly to the surface, creating the conditions necessary for caldera collapse. Microlite (dpeaa)DE-He213 Magma ascent (dpeaa)DE-He213 Experimental petrology (dpeaa)DE-He213 Silicate melts (dpeaa)DE-He213 Gardner, James E. aut Enthalten in Contributions to mineralogy and petrology Berlin : Springer, 1947 177(2022), 11 vom: Nov. (DE-627)25372208X (DE-600)1458979-5 1432-0967 nnns volume:177 year:2022 number:11 month:11 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-022-01971-0 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2119 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 177 2022 11 11
language	English
source	Enthalten in Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 177(2022), 11 vom: Nov. volume:177 year:2022 number:11 month:11
sourceStr	Enthalten in Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 177(2022), 11 vom: Nov. volume:177 year:2022 number:11 month:11
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	Microlite Magma ascent Experimental petrology Silicate melts
isfreeaccess_bool	false
container_title	Contributions to mineralogy and petrology
authorswithroles_txt_mv	O’Donnell, Sean B. @@aut@@ Gardner, James E. @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	25372208X
id	SPR048543918
language_de	englisch
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author	O’Donnell, Sean B.
spellingShingle	O’Donnell, Sean B. misc Microlite misc Magma ascent misc Experimental petrology misc Silicate melts Microlite crystallization during eruptions at Mt. Mazama: implications for magma ascent
authorStr	O’Donnell, Sean B.
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topic_title	Microlite crystallization during eruptions at Mt. Mazama: implications for magma ascent Microlite (dpeaa)DE-He213 Magma ascent (dpeaa)DE-He213 Experimental petrology (dpeaa)DE-He213 Silicate melts (dpeaa)DE-He213
topic	misc Microlite misc Magma ascent misc Experimental petrology misc Silicate melts
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title	Microlite crystallization during eruptions at Mt. Mazama: implications for magma ascent
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title_full	Microlite crystallization during eruptions at Mt. Mazama: implications for magma ascent
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title_sort	microlite crystallization during eruptions at mt. mazama: implications for magma ascent
title_auth	Microlite crystallization during eruptions at Mt. Mazama: implications for magma ascent
abstract	Abstract Large silicic eruptions can be preceded by small eruptions of different styles and volumes. The Holocene Llao Rock, Cleetwood, and climactic eruptions of Mt. Mazama, OR, USA, were sourced from the same magma and followed this pattern. The Llao Rock and Cleetwood eruptions are both relatively small, have pyroclasts with microlites and a wide range of vesicularities, and each consisted of an explosive phase followed by an effusive phase. The climactic eruption had no effusive phase and created highly vesicular pyroclasts with no microlites. We analyzed microlite crystallization using phase equilibria and decompression experiments. Comparing the results to the pyroclasts from the Llao Rock and Cleetwood eruptions, we find that the differences between the small and climactic eruptions are likely caused by different magma ascent dynamics. Our experiments show that plagioclase and pyroxene microlites crystallize only during decompressions that are most likely too slow to result in explosive eruptions. The Llao Rock magma likely stalled at shallow depths before continuing fast ascent, which allowed for microlite crystallization that might have also caused explosive eruptions. The Cleetwood magma likely took two separate ascent paths, a majority fraction that ascended quickly from high pressure without stalling and a minority fraction that stalled at shallow depths before continuing ascent along with the majority fraction. These ascent dynamics of the Llao Rock and Cleetwood magmas led to the creation of obsidian pyroclasts from sidewall sintering of fragmented majority-fraction ash. The climactic magma did not stall at shallow depths and instead ascended from depth quickly to the surface, creating the conditions necessary for caldera collapse. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
abstractGer	Abstract Large silicic eruptions can be preceded by small eruptions of different styles and volumes. The Holocene Llao Rock, Cleetwood, and climactic eruptions of Mt. Mazama, OR, USA, were sourced from the same magma and followed this pattern. The Llao Rock and Cleetwood eruptions are both relatively small, have pyroclasts with microlites and a wide range of vesicularities, and each consisted of an explosive phase followed by an effusive phase. The climactic eruption had no effusive phase and created highly vesicular pyroclasts with no microlites. We analyzed microlite crystallization using phase equilibria and decompression experiments. Comparing the results to the pyroclasts from the Llao Rock and Cleetwood eruptions, we find that the differences between the small and climactic eruptions are likely caused by different magma ascent dynamics. Our experiments show that plagioclase and pyroxene microlites crystallize only during decompressions that are most likely too slow to result in explosive eruptions. The Llao Rock magma likely stalled at shallow depths before continuing fast ascent, which allowed for microlite crystallization that might have also caused explosive eruptions. The Cleetwood magma likely took two separate ascent paths, a majority fraction that ascended quickly from high pressure without stalling and a minority fraction that stalled at shallow depths before continuing ascent along with the majority fraction. These ascent dynamics of the Llao Rock and Cleetwood magmas led to the creation of obsidian pyroclasts from sidewall sintering of fragmented majority-fraction ash. The climactic magma did not stall at shallow depths and instead ascended from depth quickly to the surface, creating the conditions necessary for caldera collapse. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract Large silicic eruptions can be preceded by small eruptions of different styles and volumes. The Holocene Llao Rock, Cleetwood, and climactic eruptions of Mt. Mazama, OR, USA, were sourced from the same magma and followed this pattern. The Llao Rock and Cleetwood eruptions are both relatively small, have pyroclasts with microlites and a wide range of vesicularities, and each consisted of an explosive phase followed by an effusive phase. The climactic eruption had no effusive phase and created highly vesicular pyroclasts with no microlites. We analyzed microlite crystallization using phase equilibria and decompression experiments. Comparing the results to the pyroclasts from the Llao Rock and Cleetwood eruptions, we find that the differences between the small and climactic eruptions are likely caused by different magma ascent dynamics. Our experiments show that plagioclase and pyroxene microlites crystallize only during decompressions that are most likely too slow to result in explosive eruptions. The Llao Rock magma likely stalled at shallow depths before continuing fast ascent, which allowed for microlite crystallization that might have also caused explosive eruptions. The Cleetwood magma likely took two separate ascent paths, a majority fraction that ascended quickly from high pressure without stalling and a minority fraction that stalled at shallow depths before continuing ascent along with the majority fraction. These ascent dynamics of the Llao Rock and Cleetwood magmas led to the creation of obsidian pyroclasts from sidewall sintering of fragmented majority-fraction ash. The climactic magma did not stall at shallow depths and instead ascended from depth quickly to the surface, creating the conditions necessary for caldera collapse. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
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container_issue	11
title_short	Microlite crystallization during eruptions at Mt. Mazama: implications for magma ascent
url	https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-022-01971-0
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author2	Gardner, James E.
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doi_str	10.1007/s00410-022-01971-0
up_date	2024-07-03T19:54:37.200Z
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Microlite crystallization during eruptions at Mt. Mazama: implications for magma ascent

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