Contrasting domain-general and domain-specific accounts in cognitive neuropsychology: An outline of a new approach with developmental prosopagnosia as a case
Abstract The backbone of cognitive neuropsychology is the observation of (double) dissociations in performance between patients, suggesting some degree of independence between cognitive processes (domain specificity). In comparison, observations of associations between disorders/deficits have been d...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Gerlach, Christian [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2022 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Anmerkung: |
© The Psychonomic Society, Inc. 2022 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Behavior research methods, instruments & computers - Austin, Tex. : Psychonomic Society Publ., 1984, 54(2022), 6 vom: 01. Feb., Seite 2829-2842 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:54 ; year:2022 ; number:6 ; day:01 ; month:02 ; pages:2829-2842 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.3758/s13428-021-01774-4 |
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SPR04883386X |
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| 520 | |a Abstract The backbone of cognitive neuropsychology is the observation of (double) dissociations in performance between patients, suggesting some degree of independence between cognitive processes (domain specificity). In comparison, observations of associations between disorders/deficits have been deemed less evidential in neuropsychological theorizing about cognitive architecture. The reason is that associations can reflect damage to independent cognitive processes that happen to be mediated by structures commonly affected by the same brain disorder rather than damage to a shared (domain-general) mechanism. Here we demonstrate that it is in principle possible to discriminate between these alternatives by means of a procedure involving large unbiased samples. We exemplify the procedure in the context of developmental prosopagnosia (DP), but the procedure is in principle applicable to all neuropsychological deficits/disorders. A simulation of the procedure on a dataset yields estimates of dissociations/associations that are well in line with existing DP-studies, and also suggests that seemingly selective disorders can reflect damage to both domain-general and domain-specific cognitive processes. However, the simulation also highlights some limitations that should be considered if the procedure is to be applied prospectively. The main advantage of the procedure is that allows for examination of both associations and dissociations in the same sample. Hence, it may help even the balance in the use of associations and dissociations as grounds for neuropsychological theorizing. | ||
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10.3758/s13428-021-01774-4 doi (DE-627)SPR04883386X (SPR)s13428-021-01774-4-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Gerlach, Christian verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-1261-4889 aut Contrasting domain-general and domain-specific accounts in cognitive neuropsychology: An outline of a new approach with developmental prosopagnosia as a case 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Psychonomic Society, Inc. 2022 Abstract The backbone of cognitive neuropsychology is the observation of (double) dissociations in performance between patients, suggesting some degree of independence between cognitive processes (domain specificity). In comparison, observations of associations between disorders/deficits have been deemed less evidential in neuropsychological theorizing about cognitive architecture. The reason is that associations can reflect damage to independent cognitive processes that happen to be mediated by structures commonly affected by the same brain disorder rather than damage to a shared (domain-general) mechanism. Here we demonstrate that it is in principle possible to discriminate between these alternatives by means of a procedure involving large unbiased samples. We exemplify the procedure in the context of developmental prosopagnosia (DP), but the procedure is in principle applicable to all neuropsychological deficits/disorders. A simulation of the procedure on a dataset yields estimates of dissociations/associations that are well in line with existing DP-studies, and also suggests that seemingly selective disorders can reflect damage to both domain-general and domain-specific cognitive processes. However, the simulation also highlights some limitations that should be considered if the procedure is to be applied prospectively. The main advantage of the procedure is that allows for examination of both associations and dissociations in the same sample. Hence, it may help even the balance in the use of associations and dissociations as grounds for neuropsychological theorizing. Associations (dpeaa)DE-He213 Developmental prosopagnosia (dpeaa)DE-He213 Domain specificity (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dissociations (dpeaa)DE-He213 Face recognition (dpeaa)DE-He213 Object recognition (dpeaa)DE-He213 Barton, Jason J. S. aut Albonico, Andrea (orcid)0000-0003-1975-0824 aut Malaspina, Manuela aut Starrfelt, Randi (orcid)0000-0002-5849-5160 aut Enthalten in Behavior research methods, instruments & computers Austin, Tex. : Psychonomic Society Publ., 1984 54(2022), 6 vom: 01. Feb., Seite 2829-2842 (DE-627)32998067X (DE-600)2048669-8 1532-5970 nnns volume:54 year:2022 number:6 day:01 month:02 pages:2829-2842 https://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13428-021-01774-4 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 AR 54 2022 6 01 02 2829-2842 |
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10.3758/s13428-021-01774-4 doi (DE-627)SPR04883386X (SPR)s13428-021-01774-4-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Gerlach, Christian verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-1261-4889 aut Contrasting domain-general and domain-specific accounts in cognitive neuropsychology: An outline of a new approach with developmental prosopagnosia as a case 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Psychonomic Society, Inc. 2022 Abstract The backbone of cognitive neuropsychology is the observation of (double) dissociations in performance between patients, suggesting some degree of independence between cognitive processes (domain specificity). In comparison, observations of associations between disorders/deficits have been deemed less evidential in neuropsychological theorizing about cognitive architecture. The reason is that associations can reflect damage to independent cognitive processes that happen to be mediated by structures commonly affected by the same brain disorder rather than damage to a shared (domain-general) mechanism. Here we demonstrate that it is in principle possible to discriminate between these alternatives by means of a procedure involving large unbiased samples. We exemplify the procedure in the context of developmental prosopagnosia (DP), but the procedure is in principle applicable to all neuropsychological deficits/disorders. A simulation of the procedure on a dataset yields estimates of dissociations/associations that are well in line with existing DP-studies, and also suggests that seemingly selective disorders can reflect damage to both domain-general and domain-specific cognitive processes. However, the simulation also highlights some limitations that should be considered if the procedure is to be applied prospectively. The main advantage of the procedure is that allows for examination of both associations and dissociations in the same sample. Hence, it may help even the balance in the use of associations and dissociations as grounds for neuropsychological theorizing. Associations (dpeaa)DE-He213 Developmental prosopagnosia (dpeaa)DE-He213 Domain specificity (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dissociations (dpeaa)DE-He213 Face recognition (dpeaa)DE-He213 Object recognition (dpeaa)DE-He213 Barton, Jason J. S. aut Albonico, Andrea (orcid)0000-0003-1975-0824 aut Malaspina, Manuela aut Starrfelt, Randi (orcid)0000-0002-5849-5160 aut Enthalten in Behavior research methods, instruments & computers Austin, Tex. : Psychonomic Society Publ., 1984 54(2022), 6 vom: 01. Feb., Seite 2829-2842 (DE-627)32998067X (DE-600)2048669-8 1532-5970 nnns volume:54 year:2022 number:6 day:01 month:02 pages:2829-2842 https://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13428-021-01774-4 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 AR 54 2022 6 01 02 2829-2842 |
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10.3758/s13428-021-01774-4 doi (DE-627)SPR04883386X (SPR)s13428-021-01774-4-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Gerlach, Christian verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-1261-4889 aut Contrasting domain-general and domain-specific accounts in cognitive neuropsychology: An outline of a new approach with developmental prosopagnosia as a case 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Psychonomic Society, Inc. 2022 Abstract The backbone of cognitive neuropsychology is the observation of (double) dissociations in performance between patients, suggesting some degree of independence between cognitive processes (domain specificity). In comparison, observations of associations between disorders/deficits have been deemed less evidential in neuropsychological theorizing about cognitive architecture. The reason is that associations can reflect damage to independent cognitive processes that happen to be mediated by structures commonly affected by the same brain disorder rather than damage to a shared (domain-general) mechanism. Here we demonstrate that it is in principle possible to discriminate between these alternatives by means of a procedure involving large unbiased samples. We exemplify the procedure in the context of developmental prosopagnosia (DP), but the procedure is in principle applicable to all neuropsychological deficits/disorders. A simulation of the procedure on a dataset yields estimates of dissociations/associations that are well in line with existing DP-studies, and also suggests that seemingly selective disorders can reflect damage to both domain-general and domain-specific cognitive processes. However, the simulation also highlights some limitations that should be considered if the procedure is to be applied prospectively. The main advantage of the procedure is that allows for examination of both associations and dissociations in the same sample. Hence, it may help even the balance in the use of associations and dissociations as grounds for neuropsychological theorizing. Associations (dpeaa)DE-He213 Developmental prosopagnosia (dpeaa)DE-He213 Domain specificity (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dissociations (dpeaa)DE-He213 Face recognition (dpeaa)DE-He213 Object recognition (dpeaa)DE-He213 Barton, Jason J. S. aut Albonico, Andrea (orcid)0000-0003-1975-0824 aut Malaspina, Manuela aut Starrfelt, Randi (orcid)0000-0002-5849-5160 aut Enthalten in Behavior research methods, instruments & computers Austin, Tex. : Psychonomic Society Publ., 1984 54(2022), 6 vom: 01. Feb., Seite 2829-2842 (DE-627)32998067X (DE-600)2048669-8 1532-5970 nnns volume:54 year:2022 number:6 day:01 month:02 pages:2829-2842 https://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13428-021-01774-4 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 AR 54 2022 6 01 02 2829-2842 |
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10.3758/s13428-021-01774-4 doi (DE-627)SPR04883386X (SPR)s13428-021-01774-4-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Gerlach, Christian verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-1261-4889 aut Contrasting domain-general and domain-specific accounts in cognitive neuropsychology: An outline of a new approach with developmental prosopagnosia as a case 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Psychonomic Society, Inc. 2022 Abstract The backbone of cognitive neuropsychology is the observation of (double) dissociations in performance between patients, suggesting some degree of independence between cognitive processes (domain specificity). In comparison, observations of associations between disorders/deficits have been deemed less evidential in neuropsychological theorizing about cognitive architecture. The reason is that associations can reflect damage to independent cognitive processes that happen to be mediated by structures commonly affected by the same brain disorder rather than damage to a shared (domain-general) mechanism. Here we demonstrate that it is in principle possible to discriminate between these alternatives by means of a procedure involving large unbiased samples. We exemplify the procedure in the context of developmental prosopagnosia (DP), but the procedure is in principle applicable to all neuropsychological deficits/disorders. A simulation of the procedure on a dataset yields estimates of dissociations/associations that are well in line with existing DP-studies, and also suggests that seemingly selective disorders can reflect damage to both domain-general and domain-specific cognitive processes. However, the simulation also highlights some limitations that should be considered if the procedure is to be applied prospectively. The main advantage of the procedure is that allows for examination of both associations and dissociations in the same sample. Hence, it may help even the balance in the use of associations and dissociations as grounds for neuropsychological theorizing. Associations (dpeaa)DE-He213 Developmental prosopagnosia (dpeaa)DE-He213 Domain specificity (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dissociations (dpeaa)DE-He213 Face recognition (dpeaa)DE-He213 Object recognition (dpeaa)DE-He213 Barton, Jason J. S. aut Albonico, Andrea (orcid)0000-0003-1975-0824 aut Malaspina, Manuela aut Starrfelt, Randi (orcid)0000-0002-5849-5160 aut Enthalten in Behavior research methods, instruments & computers Austin, Tex. : Psychonomic Society Publ., 1984 54(2022), 6 vom: 01. Feb., Seite 2829-2842 (DE-627)32998067X (DE-600)2048669-8 1532-5970 nnns volume:54 year:2022 number:6 day:01 month:02 pages:2829-2842 https://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13428-021-01774-4 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 AR 54 2022 6 01 02 2829-2842 |
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10.3758/s13428-021-01774-4 doi (DE-627)SPR04883386X (SPR)s13428-021-01774-4-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Gerlach, Christian verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-1261-4889 aut Contrasting domain-general and domain-specific accounts in cognitive neuropsychology: An outline of a new approach with developmental prosopagnosia as a case 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Psychonomic Society, Inc. 2022 Abstract The backbone of cognitive neuropsychology is the observation of (double) dissociations in performance between patients, suggesting some degree of independence between cognitive processes (domain specificity). In comparison, observations of associations between disorders/deficits have been deemed less evidential in neuropsychological theorizing about cognitive architecture. The reason is that associations can reflect damage to independent cognitive processes that happen to be mediated by structures commonly affected by the same brain disorder rather than damage to a shared (domain-general) mechanism. Here we demonstrate that it is in principle possible to discriminate between these alternatives by means of a procedure involving large unbiased samples. We exemplify the procedure in the context of developmental prosopagnosia (DP), but the procedure is in principle applicable to all neuropsychological deficits/disorders. A simulation of the procedure on a dataset yields estimates of dissociations/associations that are well in line with existing DP-studies, and also suggests that seemingly selective disorders can reflect damage to both domain-general and domain-specific cognitive processes. However, the simulation also highlights some limitations that should be considered if the procedure is to be applied prospectively. The main advantage of the procedure is that allows for examination of both associations and dissociations in the same sample. Hence, it may help even the balance in the use of associations and dissociations as grounds for neuropsychological theorizing. Associations (dpeaa)DE-He213 Developmental prosopagnosia (dpeaa)DE-He213 Domain specificity (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dissociations (dpeaa)DE-He213 Face recognition (dpeaa)DE-He213 Object recognition (dpeaa)DE-He213 Barton, Jason J. S. aut Albonico, Andrea (orcid)0000-0003-1975-0824 aut Malaspina, Manuela aut Starrfelt, Randi (orcid)0000-0002-5849-5160 aut Enthalten in Behavior research methods, instruments & computers Austin, Tex. : Psychonomic Society Publ., 1984 54(2022), 6 vom: 01. Feb., Seite 2829-2842 (DE-627)32998067X (DE-600)2048669-8 1532-5970 nnns volume:54 year:2022 number:6 day:01 month:02 pages:2829-2842 https://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13428-021-01774-4 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 AR 54 2022 6 01 02 2829-2842 |
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Contrasting domain-general and domain-specific accounts in cognitive neuropsychology: An outline of a new approach with developmental prosopagnosia as a case |
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Abstract The backbone of cognitive neuropsychology is the observation of (double) dissociations in performance between patients, suggesting some degree of independence between cognitive processes (domain specificity). In comparison, observations of associations between disorders/deficits have been deemed less evidential in neuropsychological theorizing about cognitive architecture. The reason is that associations can reflect damage to independent cognitive processes that happen to be mediated by structures commonly affected by the same brain disorder rather than damage to a shared (domain-general) mechanism. Here we demonstrate that it is in principle possible to discriminate between these alternatives by means of a procedure involving large unbiased samples. We exemplify the procedure in the context of developmental prosopagnosia (DP), but the procedure is in principle applicable to all neuropsychological deficits/disorders. A simulation of the procedure on a dataset yields estimates of dissociations/associations that are well in line with existing DP-studies, and also suggests that seemingly selective disorders can reflect damage to both domain-general and domain-specific cognitive processes. However, the simulation also highlights some limitations that should be considered if the procedure is to be applied prospectively. The main advantage of the procedure is that allows for examination of both associations and dissociations in the same sample. Hence, it may help even the balance in the use of associations and dissociations as grounds for neuropsychological theorizing. © The Psychonomic Society, Inc. 2022 |
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Abstract The backbone of cognitive neuropsychology is the observation of (double) dissociations in performance between patients, suggesting some degree of independence between cognitive processes (domain specificity). In comparison, observations of associations between disorders/deficits have been deemed less evidential in neuropsychological theorizing about cognitive architecture. The reason is that associations can reflect damage to independent cognitive processes that happen to be mediated by structures commonly affected by the same brain disorder rather than damage to a shared (domain-general) mechanism. Here we demonstrate that it is in principle possible to discriminate between these alternatives by means of a procedure involving large unbiased samples. We exemplify the procedure in the context of developmental prosopagnosia (DP), but the procedure is in principle applicable to all neuropsychological deficits/disorders. A simulation of the procedure on a dataset yields estimates of dissociations/associations that are well in line with existing DP-studies, and also suggests that seemingly selective disorders can reflect damage to both domain-general and domain-specific cognitive processes. However, the simulation also highlights some limitations that should be considered if the procedure is to be applied prospectively. The main advantage of the procedure is that allows for examination of both associations and dissociations in the same sample. Hence, it may help even the balance in the use of associations and dissociations as grounds for neuropsychological theorizing. © The Psychonomic Society, Inc. 2022 |
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Abstract The backbone of cognitive neuropsychology is the observation of (double) dissociations in performance between patients, suggesting some degree of independence between cognitive processes (domain specificity). In comparison, observations of associations between disorders/deficits have been deemed less evidential in neuropsychological theorizing about cognitive architecture. The reason is that associations can reflect damage to independent cognitive processes that happen to be mediated by structures commonly affected by the same brain disorder rather than damage to a shared (domain-general) mechanism. Here we demonstrate that it is in principle possible to discriminate between these alternatives by means of a procedure involving large unbiased samples. We exemplify the procedure in the context of developmental prosopagnosia (DP), but the procedure is in principle applicable to all neuropsychological deficits/disorders. A simulation of the procedure on a dataset yields estimates of dissociations/associations that are well in line with existing DP-studies, and also suggests that seemingly selective disorders can reflect damage to both domain-general and domain-specific cognitive processes. However, the simulation also highlights some limitations that should be considered if the procedure is to be applied prospectively. The main advantage of the procedure is that allows for examination of both associations and dissociations in the same sample. Hence, it may help even the balance in the use of associations and dissociations as grounds for neuropsychological theorizing. © The Psychonomic Society, Inc. 2022 |
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