Obstruction scaling model for the diffusion of the outer electrolyte leading to Liesegang patterns of ($ AgNO_{3} $ + KCl) system in agarose hydrogel

Diffusion in hydrogels has gained much attention owing to diverse applications in many areas. The physical diffusion models have been applied to passive diffusion of ions, drug molecules, and macromolecules in polymers solutions and hydrogels and rarely to periodic precipitations (Liesegang patterns...
Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Walimbe, Prasad C. [verfasserIn] Kulkarni, Preeti S. Kulkarni, Sunil D.

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2021

Schlagwörter:	Diffusivities Reaction–diffusion Periodic precipitation Agar hydrogel Obstruction scaling model

Anmerkung:	© Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences 2021

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Chemical papers - Wien : Springer Vienna, 1947, 76(2021), 1 vom: 13. Sept., Seite 329-340
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:76 ; year:2021 ; number:1 ; day:13 ; month:09 ; pages:329-340

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1007/s11696-021-01858-7

Katalog-ID:	SPR050400436

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245	1	0	\|a Obstruction scaling model for the diffusion of the outer electrolyte leading to Liesegang patterns of ($ AgNO_{3} $ + KCl) system in agarose hydrogel
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520			\|a Diffusion in hydrogels has gained much attention owing to diverse applications in many areas. The physical diffusion models have been applied to passive diffusion of ions, drug molecules, and macromolecules in polymers solutions and hydrogels and rarely to periodic precipitations (Liesegang patterns) obtained via reaction–diffusion (RD). Classically, the role of gels in RD systems was assumed to be limited to provide mechanical support to the reaction products and to avoid sedimentation. In the present paper, we have employed the $ AgNO_{3} $ (outer electrolyte)–KCl (inner electrolyte)–agarose (gel matrix) system to identify the role of a hydrogel in the RD system in view of diffusion of outer electrolyte through it. The experiments were performed by varying the agarose volume fractions, keeping the outer and inner electrolyte concentrations constant, and using a 2D classical Liesegang setup. The physical obstruction scaling model (OSM) was applied to arrive at the theoretical diffusion coefficients. The model was validated experimentally by evaluating diffusion coefficients using the time law of the Liesegang patterns. It was observed that, at low volume fractions of gel, the theoretical and the experimental values match within ( ±) 5–20%; however, at high volume fractions, the deviation is > 50%. Graphical abstract
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650		4	\|a Periodic precipitation \|7 (dpeaa)DE-He213
650		4	\|a Agar hydrogel \|7 (dpeaa)DE-He213
650		4	\|a Obstruction scaling model \|7 (dpeaa)DE-He213
700	1		\|a Kulkarni, Preeti S. \|4 aut
700	1		\|a Kulkarni, Sunil D. \|4 aut
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912			\|a GBV_ILN_150
912			\|a GBV_ILN_151
912			\|a GBV_ILN_152
912			\|a GBV_ILN_161
912			\|a GBV_ILN_170
912			\|a GBV_ILN_171
912			\|a GBV_ILN_187
912			\|a GBV_ILN_213
912			\|a GBV_ILN_224
912			\|a GBV_ILN_230
912			\|a GBV_ILN_250
912			\|a GBV_ILN_266
912			\|a GBV_ILN_281
912			\|a GBV_ILN_285
912			\|a GBV_ILN_293
912			\|a GBV_ILN_370
912			\|a GBV_ILN_602
912			\|a GBV_ILN_636
912			\|a GBV_ILN_702
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2001
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2003
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2004
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2005
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2006
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2007
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2008
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2009
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2010
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2011
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2014
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2015
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2020
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2021
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2025
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2026
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2027
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2031
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2034
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2037
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912			\|a GBV_ILN_2039
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2044
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2048
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912			\|a GBV_ILN_2061
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2064
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2065
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2068
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2088
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2093
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2106
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2107
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2108
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2110
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2111
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912			\|a GBV_ILN_4305
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912			\|a GBV_ILN_4307
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allfields	10.1007/s11696-021-01858-7 doi (DE-627)SPR050400436 (SPR)s11696-021-01858-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Walimbe, Prasad C. verfasserin aut Obstruction scaling model for the diffusion of the outer electrolyte leading to Liesegang patterns of ($ AgNO_{3} $ + KCl) system in agarose hydrogel 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences 2021 Diffusion in hydrogels has gained much attention owing to diverse applications in many areas. The physical diffusion models have been applied to passive diffusion of ions, drug molecules, and macromolecules in polymers solutions and hydrogels and rarely to periodic precipitations (Liesegang patterns) obtained via reaction–diffusion (RD). Classically, the role of gels in RD systems was assumed to be limited to provide mechanical support to the reaction products and to avoid sedimentation. In the present paper, we have employed the $ AgNO_{3} $ (outer electrolyte)–KCl (inner electrolyte)–agarose (gel matrix) system to identify the role of a hydrogel in the RD system in view of diffusion of outer electrolyte through it. The experiments were performed by varying the agarose volume fractions, keeping the outer and inner electrolyte concentrations constant, and using a 2D classical Liesegang setup. The physical obstruction scaling model (OSM) was applied to arrive at the theoretical diffusion coefficients. The model was validated experimentally by evaluating diffusion coefficients using the time law of the Liesegang patterns. It was observed that, at low volume fractions of gel, the theoretical and the experimental values match within ( ±) 5–20%; however, at high volume fractions, the deviation is > 50%. Graphical abstract Diffusivities (dpeaa)DE-He213 Reaction–diffusion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Periodic precipitation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Agar hydrogel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Obstruction scaling model (dpeaa)DE-He213 Kulkarni, Preeti S. aut Kulkarni, Sunil D. aut Enthalten in Chemical papers Wien : Springer Vienna, 1947 76(2021), 1 vom: 13. Sept., Seite 329-340 (DE-627)518347737 (DE-600)2252770-9 1336-9075 nnns volume:76 year:2021 number:1 day:13 month:09 pages:329-340 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11696-021-01858-7 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_266 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 76 2021 1 13 09 329-340
spelling	10.1007/s11696-021-01858-7 doi (DE-627)SPR050400436 (SPR)s11696-021-01858-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Walimbe, Prasad C. verfasserin aut Obstruction scaling model for the diffusion of the outer electrolyte leading to Liesegang patterns of ($ AgNO_{3} $ + KCl) system in agarose hydrogel 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences 2021 Diffusion in hydrogels has gained much attention owing to diverse applications in many areas. The physical diffusion models have been applied to passive diffusion of ions, drug molecules, and macromolecules in polymers solutions and hydrogels and rarely to periodic precipitations (Liesegang patterns) obtained via reaction–diffusion (RD). Classically, the role of gels in RD systems was assumed to be limited to provide mechanical support to the reaction products and to avoid sedimentation. In the present paper, we have employed the $ AgNO_{3} $ (outer electrolyte)–KCl (inner electrolyte)–agarose (gel matrix) system to identify the role of a hydrogel in the RD system in view of diffusion of outer electrolyte through it. The experiments were performed by varying the agarose volume fractions, keeping the outer and inner electrolyte concentrations constant, and using a 2D classical Liesegang setup. The physical obstruction scaling model (OSM) was applied to arrive at the theoretical diffusion coefficients. The model was validated experimentally by evaluating diffusion coefficients using the time law of the Liesegang patterns. It was observed that, at low volume fractions of gel, the theoretical and the experimental values match within ( ±) 5–20%; however, at high volume fractions, the deviation is > 50%. Graphical abstract Diffusivities (dpeaa)DE-He213 Reaction–diffusion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Periodic precipitation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Agar hydrogel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Obstruction scaling model (dpeaa)DE-He213 Kulkarni, Preeti S. aut Kulkarni, Sunil D. aut Enthalten in Chemical papers Wien : Springer Vienna, 1947 76(2021), 1 vom: 13. Sept., Seite 329-340 (DE-627)518347737 (DE-600)2252770-9 1336-9075 nnns volume:76 year:2021 number:1 day:13 month:09 pages:329-340 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11696-021-01858-7 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_266 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 76 2021 1 13 09 329-340
allfields_unstemmed	10.1007/s11696-021-01858-7 doi (DE-627)SPR050400436 (SPR)s11696-021-01858-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Walimbe, Prasad C. verfasserin aut Obstruction scaling model for the diffusion of the outer electrolyte leading to Liesegang patterns of ($ AgNO_{3} $ + KCl) system in agarose hydrogel 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences 2021 Diffusion in hydrogels has gained much attention owing to diverse applications in many areas. The physical diffusion models have been applied to passive diffusion of ions, drug molecules, and macromolecules in polymers solutions and hydrogels and rarely to periodic precipitations (Liesegang patterns) obtained via reaction–diffusion (RD). Classically, the role of gels in RD systems was assumed to be limited to provide mechanical support to the reaction products and to avoid sedimentation. In the present paper, we have employed the $ AgNO_{3} $ (outer electrolyte)–KCl (inner electrolyte)–agarose (gel matrix) system to identify the role of a hydrogel in the RD system in view of diffusion of outer electrolyte through it. The experiments were performed by varying the agarose volume fractions, keeping the outer and inner electrolyte concentrations constant, and using a 2D classical Liesegang setup. The physical obstruction scaling model (OSM) was applied to arrive at the theoretical diffusion coefficients. The model was validated experimentally by evaluating diffusion coefficients using the time law of the Liesegang patterns. It was observed that, at low volume fractions of gel, the theoretical and the experimental values match within ( ±) 5–20%; however, at high volume fractions, the deviation is > 50%. Graphical abstract Diffusivities (dpeaa)DE-He213 Reaction–diffusion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Periodic precipitation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Agar hydrogel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Obstruction scaling model (dpeaa)DE-He213 Kulkarni, Preeti S. aut Kulkarni, Sunil D. aut Enthalten in Chemical papers Wien : Springer Vienna, 1947 76(2021), 1 vom: 13. Sept., Seite 329-340 (DE-627)518347737 (DE-600)2252770-9 1336-9075 nnns volume:76 year:2021 number:1 day:13 month:09 pages:329-340 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11696-021-01858-7 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_266 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 76 2021 1 13 09 329-340
allfieldsGer	10.1007/s11696-021-01858-7 doi (DE-627)SPR050400436 (SPR)s11696-021-01858-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Walimbe, Prasad C. verfasserin aut Obstruction scaling model for the diffusion of the outer electrolyte leading to Liesegang patterns of ($ AgNO_{3} $ + KCl) system in agarose hydrogel 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences 2021 Diffusion in hydrogels has gained much attention owing to diverse applications in many areas. The physical diffusion models have been applied to passive diffusion of ions, drug molecules, and macromolecules in polymers solutions and hydrogels and rarely to periodic precipitations (Liesegang patterns) obtained via reaction–diffusion (RD). Classically, the role of gels in RD systems was assumed to be limited to provide mechanical support to the reaction products and to avoid sedimentation. In the present paper, we have employed the $ AgNO_{3} $ (outer electrolyte)–KCl (inner electrolyte)–agarose (gel matrix) system to identify the role of a hydrogel in the RD system in view of diffusion of outer electrolyte through it. The experiments were performed by varying the agarose volume fractions, keeping the outer and inner electrolyte concentrations constant, and using a 2D classical Liesegang setup. The physical obstruction scaling model (OSM) was applied to arrive at the theoretical diffusion coefficients. The model was validated experimentally by evaluating diffusion coefficients using the time law of the Liesegang patterns. It was observed that, at low volume fractions of gel, the theoretical and the experimental values match within ( ±) 5–20%; however, at high volume fractions, the deviation is > 50%. Graphical abstract Diffusivities (dpeaa)DE-He213 Reaction–diffusion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Periodic precipitation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Agar hydrogel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Obstruction scaling model (dpeaa)DE-He213 Kulkarni, Preeti S. aut Kulkarni, Sunil D. aut Enthalten in Chemical papers Wien : Springer Vienna, 1947 76(2021), 1 vom: 13. Sept., Seite 329-340 (DE-627)518347737 (DE-600)2252770-9 1336-9075 nnns volume:76 year:2021 number:1 day:13 month:09 pages:329-340 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11696-021-01858-7 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_266 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 76 2021 1 13 09 329-340
allfieldsSound	10.1007/s11696-021-01858-7 doi (DE-627)SPR050400436 (SPR)s11696-021-01858-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Walimbe, Prasad C. verfasserin aut Obstruction scaling model for the diffusion of the outer electrolyte leading to Liesegang patterns of ($ AgNO_{3} $ + KCl) system in agarose hydrogel 2021 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences 2021 Diffusion in hydrogels has gained much attention owing to diverse applications in many areas. The physical diffusion models have been applied to passive diffusion of ions, drug molecules, and macromolecules in polymers solutions and hydrogels and rarely to periodic precipitations (Liesegang patterns) obtained via reaction–diffusion (RD). Classically, the role of gels in RD systems was assumed to be limited to provide mechanical support to the reaction products and to avoid sedimentation. In the present paper, we have employed the $ AgNO_{3} $ (outer electrolyte)–KCl (inner electrolyte)–agarose (gel matrix) system to identify the role of a hydrogel in the RD system in view of diffusion of outer electrolyte through it. The experiments were performed by varying the agarose volume fractions, keeping the outer and inner electrolyte concentrations constant, and using a 2D classical Liesegang setup. The physical obstruction scaling model (OSM) was applied to arrive at the theoretical diffusion coefficients. The model was validated experimentally by evaluating diffusion coefficients using the time law of the Liesegang patterns. It was observed that, at low volume fractions of gel, the theoretical and the experimental values match within ( ±) 5–20%; however, at high volume fractions, the deviation is > 50%. Graphical abstract Diffusivities (dpeaa)DE-He213 Reaction–diffusion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Periodic precipitation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Agar hydrogel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Obstruction scaling model (dpeaa)DE-He213 Kulkarni, Preeti S. aut Kulkarni, Sunil D. aut Enthalten in Chemical papers Wien : Springer Vienna, 1947 76(2021), 1 vom: 13. Sept., Seite 329-340 (DE-627)518347737 (DE-600)2252770-9 1336-9075 nnns volume:76 year:2021 number:1 day:13 month:09 pages:329-340 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11696-021-01858-7 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_266 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 76 2021 1 13 09 329-340
language	English
source	Enthalten in Chemical papers 76(2021), 1 vom: 13. Sept., Seite 329-340 volume:76 year:2021 number:1 day:13 month:09 pages:329-340
sourceStr	Enthalten in Chemical papers 76(2021), 1 vom: 13. Sept., Seite 329-340 volume:76 year:2021 number:1 day:13 month:09 pages:329-340
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	Diffusivities Reaction–diffusion Periodic precipitation Agar hydrogel Obstruction scaling model
isfreeaccess_bool	false
container_title	Chemical papers
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Walimbe, Prasad C. @@aut@@ Kulkarni, Preeti S. @@aut@@ Kulkarni, Sunil D. @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2021-09-13T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	518347737
id	SPR050400436
language_de	englisch
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author	Walimbe, Prasad C.
spellingShingle	Walimbe, Prasad C. misc Diffusivities misc Reaction–diffusion misc Periodic precipitation misc Agar hydrogel misc Obstruction scaling model Obstruction scaling model for the diffusion of the outer electrolyte leading to Liesegang patterns of ($ AgNO_{3} $ + KCl) system in agarose hydrogel
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topic_title	Obstruction scaling model for the diffusion of the outer electrolyte leading to Liesegang patterns of ($ AgNO_{3} $ + KCl) system in agarose hydrogel Diffusivities (dpeaa)DE-He213 Reaction–diffusion (dpeaa)DE-He213 Periodic precipitation (dpeaa)DE-He213 Agar hydrogel (dpeaa)DE-He213 Obstruction scaling model (dpeaa)DE-He213
topic	misc Diffusivities misc Reaction–diffusion misc Periodic precipitation misc Agar hydrogel misc Obstruction scaling model
topic_unstemmed	misc Diffusivities misc Reaction–diffusion misc Periodic precipitation misc Agar hydrogel misc Obstruction scaling model
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title	Obstruction scaling model for the diffusion of the outer electrolyte leading to Liesegang patterns of ($ AgNO_{3} $ + KCl) system in agarose hydrogel
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title_full	Obstruction scaling model for the diffusion of the outer electrolyte leading to Liesegang patterns of ($ AgNO_{3} $ + KCl) system in agarose hydrogel
author_sort	Walimbe, Prasad C.
journal	Chemical papers
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author_browse	Walimbe, Prasad C. Kulkarni, Preeti S. Kulkarni, Sunil D.
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author-letter	Walimbe, Prasad C.
doi_str_mv	10.1007/s11696-021-01858-7
title_sort	obstruction scaling model for the diffusion of the outer electrolyte leading to liesegang patterns of ($ agno_{3} $ + kcl) system in agarose hydrogel
title_auth	Obstruction scaling model for the diffusion of the outer electrolyte leading to Liesegang patterns of ($ AgNO_{3} $ + KCl) system in agarose hydrogel
abstract	Diffusion in hydrogels has gained much attention owing to diverse applications in many areas. The physical diffusion models have been applied to passive diffusion of ions, drug molecules, and macromolecules in polymers solutions and hydrogels and rarely to periodic precipitations (Liesegang patterns) obtained via reaction–diffusion (RD). Classically, the role of gels in RD systems was assumed to be limited to provide mechanical support to the reaction products and to avoid sedimentation. In the present paper, we have employed the $ AgNO_{3} $ (outer electrolyte)–KCl (inner electrolyte)–agarose (gel matrix) system to identify the role of a hydrogel in the RD system in view of diffusion of outer electrolyte through it. The experiments were performed by varying the agarose volume fractions, keeping the outer and inner electrolyte concentrations constant, and using a 2D classical Liesegang setup. The physical obstruction scaling model (OSM) was applied to arrive at the theoretical diffusion coefficients. The model was validated experimentally by evaluating diffusion coefficients using the time law of the Liesegang patterns. It was observed that, at low volume fractions of gel, the theoretical and the experimental values match within ( ±) 5–20%; however, at high volume fractions, the deviation is > 50%. Graphical abstract © Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences 2021
abstractGer	Diffusion in hydrogels has gained much attention owing to diverse applications in many areas. The physical diffusion models have been applied to passive diffusion of ions, drug molecules, and macromolecules in polymers solutions and hydrogels and rarely to periodic precipitations (Liesegang patterns) obtained via reaction–diffusion (RD). Classically, the role of gels in RD systems was assumed to be limited to provide mechanical support to the reaction products and to avoid sedimentation. In the present paper, we have employed the $ AgNO_{3} $ (outer electrolyte)–KCl (inner electrolyte)–agarose (gel matrix) system to identify the role of a hydrogel in the RD system in view of diffusion of outer electrolyte through it. The experiments were performed by varying the agarose volume fractions, keeping the outer and inner electrolyte concentrations constant, and using a 2D classical Liesegang setup. The physical obstruction scaling model (OSM) was applied to arrive at the theoretical diffusion coefficients. The model was validated experimentally by evaluating diffusion coefficients using the time law of the Liesegang patterns. It was observed that, at low volume fractions of gel, the theoretical and the experimental values match within ( ±) 5–20%; however, at high volume fractions, the deviation is > 50%. Graphical abstract © Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences 2021
abstract_unstemmed	Diffusion in hydrogels has gained much attention owing to diverse applications in many areas. The physical diffusion models have been applied to passive diffusion of ions, drug molecules, and macromolecules in polymers solutions and hydrogels and rarely to periodic precipitations (Liesegang patterns) obtained via reaction–diffusion (RD). Classically, the role of gels in RD systems was assumed to be limited to provide mechanical support to the reaction products and to avoid sedimentation. In the present paper, we have employed the $ AgNO_{3} $ (outer electrolyte)–KCl (inner electrolyte)–agarose (gel matrix) system to identify the role of a hydrogel in the RD system in view of diffusion of outer electrolyte through it. The experiments were performed by varying the agarose volume fractions, keeping the outer and inner electrolyte concentrations constant, and using a 2D classical Liesegang setup. The physical obstruction scaling model (OSM) was applied to arrive at the theoretical diffusion coefficients. The model was validated experimentally by evaluating diffusion coefficients using the time law of the Liesegang patterns. It was observed that, at low volume fractions of gel, the theoretical and the experimental values match within ( ±) 5–20%; however, at high volume fractions, the deviation is > 50%. Graphical abstract © Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences 2021
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title_short	Obstruction scaling model for the diffusion of the outer electrolyte leading to Liesegang patterns of ($ AgNO_{3} $ + KCl) system in agarose hydrogel
url	https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11696-021-01858-7
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up_date	2024-07-03T15:17:59.615Z
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Obstruction scaling model for the diffusion of the outer electrolyte leading to Liesegang patterns of ($ AgNO_{3} $ + KCl) system in agarose hydrogel

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