Direct Microalloying of Steel with Cerium under Slags of СаО–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $–15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $–8% MgO System with Additional Reducing Agents
Abstract An assessment of the possibility of steel direct microalloying with cerium was performed using thermodynamic modeling of cerium reduction from slags of CaO–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $ system containing 15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and 8% МgO, additional additives of reducing agents (aluminum...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Upolovnikova, A. G. [verfasserIn] |
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Format: |
E-Artikel |
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Sprache: |
Englisch |
Erschienen: |
2022 |
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Anmerkung: |
© Allerton Press, Inc. 2022. ISSN 0967-0912, Steel in Translation, 2022, Vol. 52, No. 3, pp. 317–322. © Allerton Press, Inc., 2022. Russian Text © The Author(s), 2021, published in Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Chernaya Metallurgiya, 2021, No. 8, pp. 581–587. |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Steel in translation - New York, NY : Allerton Press, 2007, 52(2022), 3 vom: März, Seite 317-322 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:52 ; year:2022 ; number:3 ; month:03 ; pages:317-322 |
Links: |
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DOI / URN: |
10.3103/S0967091222030135 |
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Katalog-ID: |
SPR050937669 |
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245 | 1 | 0 | |a Direct Microalloying of Steel with Cerium under Slags of СаО–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $–15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $–8% MgO System with Additional Reducing Agents |
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520 | |a Abstract An assessment of the possibility of steel direct microalloying with cerium was performed using thermodynamic modeling of cerium reduction from slags of CaO–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $ system containing 15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and 8% МgO, additional additives of reducing agents (aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum), at temperatures of 1550 and 1650°C using the HSC 6.1 Chemistry (Outokumpu) software package. Depending on the additional additives of aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum, metal temperature, slag basicity and content of cerium oxide, 0.228 to 40.5 ppm of cerium transfers into the metal. With an additional additive of aluminum from slag (Y1) containing 1.0% of cerium oxide, 0.228 ppm of cerium is transferred to the metal at 1550°C. An increase in the system temperature to 1650°C is accompanied by a slight increase in cerium content, reaching no more than 0.323 ppm. When added to ferrosilicon-aluminum metal, cerium content in the metal is higher and amounts to 0.402 and 0.566 ppm at 1550 and 1650°C, respectively. When concentration of cerium oxide in the slag (Y2) increases to 7.0%, more significant increase in cerium content in the metal is observed, reaching in temperature range of 1550–1650°C, 1.65–2.31 ppm with aluminum additives and 2.90–4.05 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives. The most noticeable increase in cerium content in the metal is observed with an increase in slag basicity. During formation of slags with basicity of 2–3, containing 1–7% $ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $, the equilibrium concentration of cerium in the metal varies from 0.5 to 4 ppm with aluminum additives and 1–7 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives at 1550°C. Slags transfer to the increased (up to 3–5) basicity is accompanied by an increase in the equilibrium content of cerium in the metal to 4–12 ppm with aluminum additives and 7–20 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives at $ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $ content of 3–7% and, as a result, an increase in efficiency of cerium reduction process. | ||
700 | 1 | |a Babenko, A. A. |0 (orcid)0000-0003-0734-6162 |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Smirnov, L. A. |0 (orcid)0000-0002-6324-4032 |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Mikhailova, L. Yu. |0 (orcid)0000-0002-9154-8244 |4 aut | |
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10.3103/S0967091222030135 doi (DE-627)SPR050937669 (SPR)S0967091222030135-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Upolovnikova, A. G. verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-6698-5565 aut Direct Microalloying of Steel with Cerium under Slags of СаО–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $–15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $–8% MgO System with Additional Reducing Agents 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Allerton Press, Inc. 2022. ISSN 0967-0912, Steel in Translation, 2022, Vol. 52, No. 3, pp. 317–322. © Allerton Press, Inc., 2022. Russian Text © The Author(s), 2021, published in Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Chernaya Metallurgiya, 2021, No. 8, pp. 581–587. Abstract An assessment of the possibility of steel direct microalloying with cerium was performed using thermodynamic modeling of cerium reduction from slags of CaO–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $ system containing 15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and 8% МgO, additional additives of reducing agents (aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum), at temperatures of 1550 and 1650°C using the HSC 6.1 Chemistry (Outokumpu) software package. Depending on the additional additives of aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum, metal temperature, slag basicity and content of cerium oxide, 0.228 to 40.5 ppm of cerium transfers into the metal. With an additional additive of aluminum from slag (Y1) containing 1.0% of cerium oxide, 0.228 ppm of cerium is transferred to the metal at 1550°C. An increase in the system temperature to 1650°C is accompanied by a slight increase in cerium content, reaching no more than 0.323 ppm. When added to ferrosilicon-aluminum metal, cerium content in the metal is higher and amounts to 0.402 and 0.566 ppm at 1550 and 1650°C, respectively. When concentration of cerium oxide in the slag (Y2) increases to 7.0%, more significant increase in cerium content in the metal is observed, reaching in temperature range of 1550–1650°C, 1.65–2.31 ppm with aluminum additives and 2.90–4.05 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives. The most noticeable increase in cerium content in the metal is observed with an increase in slag basicity. During formation of slags with basicity of 2–3, containing 1–7% $ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $, the equilibrium concentration of cerium in the metal varies from 0.5 to 4 ppm with aluminum additives and 1–7 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives at 1550°C. Slags transfer to the increased (up to 3–5) basicity is accompanied by an increase in the equilibrium content of cerium in the metal to 4–12 ppm with aluminum additives and 7–20 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives at $ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $ content of 3–7% and, as a result, an increase in efficiency of cerium reduction process. Babenko, A. A. (orcid)0000-0003-0734-6162 aut Smirnov, L. A. (orcid)0000-0002-6324-4032 aut Mikhailova, L. Yu. (orcid)0000-0002-9154-8244 aut Enthalten in Steel in translation New York, NY : Allerton Press, 2007 52(2022), 3 vom: März, Seite 317-322 (DE-627)530278774 (DE-600)2316736-1 1935-0988 nnns volume:52 year:2022 number:3 month:03 pages:317-322 https://dx.doi.org/10.3103/S0967091222030135 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 52 2022 3 03 317-322 |
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10.3103/S0967091222030135 doi (DE-627)SPR050937669 (SPR)S0967091222030135-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Upolovnikova, A. G. verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-6698-5565 aut Direct Microalloying of Steel with Cerium under Slags of СаО–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $–15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $–8% MgO System with Additional Reducing Agents 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Allerton Press, Inc. 2022. ISSN 0967-0912, Steel in Translation, 2022, Vol. 52, No. 3, pp. 317–322. © Allerton Press, Inc., 2022. Russian Text © The Author(s), 2021, published in Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Chernaya Metallurgiya, 2021, No. 8, pp. 581–587. Abstract An assessment of the possibility of steel direct microalloying with cerium was performed using thermodynamic modeling of cerium reduction from slags of CaO–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $ system containing 15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and 8% МgO, additional additives of reducing agents (aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum), at temperatures of 1550 and 1650°C using the HSC 6.1 Chemistry (Outokumpu) software package. Depending on the additional additives of aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum, metal temperature, slag basicity and content of cerium oxide, 0.228 to 40.5 ppm of cerium transfers into the metal. With an additional additive of aluminum from slag (Y1) containing 1.0% of cerium oxide, 0.228 ppm of cerium is transferred to the metal at 1550°C. An increase in the system temperature to 1650°C is accompanied by a slight increase in cerium content, reaching no more than 0.323 ppm. When added to ferrosilicon-aluminum metal, cerium content in the metal is higher and amounts to 0.402 and 0.566 ppm at 1550 and 1650°C, respectively. When concentration of cerium oxide in the slag (Y2) increases to 7.0%, more significant increase in cerium content in the metal is observed, reaching in temperature range of 1550–1650°C, 1.65–2.31 ppm with aluminum additives and 2.90–4.05 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives. The most noticeable increase in cerium content in the metal is observed with an increase in slag basicity. During formation of slags with basicity of 2–3, containing 1–7% $ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $, the equilibrium concentration of cerium in the metal varies from 0.5 to 4 ppm with aluminum additives and 1–7 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives at 1550°C. Slags transfer to the increased (up to 3–5) basicity is accompanied by an increase in the equilibrium content of cerium in the metal to 4–12 ppm with aluminum additives and 7–20 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives at $ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $ content of 3–7% and, as a result, an increase in efficiency of cerium reduction process. Babenko, A. A. (orcid)0000-0003-0734-6162 aut Smirnov, L. A. (orcid)0000-0002-6324-4032 aut Mikhailova, L. Yu. (orcid)0000-0002-9154-8244 aut Enthalten in Steel in translation New York, NY : Allerton Press, 2007 52(2022), 3 vom: März, Seite 317-322 (DE-627)530278774 (DE-600)2316736-1 1935-0988 nnns volume:52 year:2022 number:3 month:03 pages:317-322 https://dx.doi.org/10.3103/S0967091222030135 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 52 2022 3 03 317-322 |
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10.3103/S0967091222030135 doi (DE-627)SPR050937669 (SPR)S0967091222030135-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Upolovnikova, A. G. verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-6698-5565 aut Direct Microalloying of Steel with Cerium under Slags of СаО–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $–15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $–8% MgO System with Additional Reducing Agents 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Allerton Press, Inc. 2022. ISSN 0967-0912, Steel in Translation, 2022, Vol. 52, No. 3, pp. 317–322. © Allerton Press, Inc., 2022. Russian Text © The Author(s), 2021, published in Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Chernaya Metallurgiya, 2021, No. 8, pp. 581–587. Abstract An assessment of the possibility of steel direct microalloying with cerium was performed using thermodynamic modeling of cerium reduction from slags of CaO–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $ system containing 15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and 8% МgO, additional additives of reducing agents (aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum), at temperatures of 1550 and 1650°C using the HSC 6.1 Chemistry (Outokumpu) software package. Depending on the additional additives of aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum, metal temperature, slag basicity and content of cerium oxide, 0.228 to 40.5 ppm of cerium transfers into the metal. With an additional additive of aluminum from slag (Y1) containing 1.0% of cerium oxide, 0.228 ppm of cerium is transferred to the metal at 1550°C. An increase in the system temperature to 1650°C is accompanied by a slight increase in cerium content, reaching no more than 0.323 ppm. When added to ferrosilicon-aluminum metal, cerium content in the metal is higher and amounts to 0.402 and 0.566 ppm at 1550 and 1650°C, respectively. When concentration of cerium oxide in the slag (Y2) increases to 7.0%, more significant increase in cerium content in the metal is observed, reaching in temperature range of 1550–1650°C, 1.65–2.31 ppm with aluminum additives and 2.90–4.05 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives. The most noticeable increase in cerium content in the metal is observed with an increase in slag basicity. During formation of slags with basicity of 2–3, containing 1–7% $ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $, the equilibrium concentration of cerium in the metal varies from 0.5 to 4 ppm with aluminum additives and 1–7 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives at 1550°C. Slags transfer to the increased (up to 3–5) basicity is accompanied by an increase in the equilibrium content of cerium in the metal to 4–12 ppm with aluminum additives and 7–20 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives at $ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $ content of 3–7% and, as a result, an increase in efficiency of cerium reduction process. Babenko, A. A. (orcid)0000-0003-0734-6162 aut Smirnov, L. A. (orcid)0000-0002-6324-4032 aut Mikhailova, L. Yu. (orcid)0000-0002-9154-8244 aut Enthalten in Steel in translation New York, NY : Allerton Press, 2007 52(2022), 3 vom: März, Seite 317-322 (DE-627)530278774 (DE-600)2316736-1 1935-0988 nnns volume:52 year:2022 number:3 month:03 pages:317-322 https://dx.doi.org/10.3103/S0967091222030135 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 52 2022 3 03 317-322 |
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10.3103/S0967091222030135 doi (DE-627)SPR050937669 (SPR)S0967091222030135-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Upolovnikova, A. G. verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-6698-5565 aut Direct Microalloying of Steel with Cerium under Slags of СаО–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $–15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $–8% MgO System with Additional Reducing Agents 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Allerton Press, Inc. 2022. ISSN 0967-0912, Steel in Translation, 2022, Vol. 52, No. 3, pp. 317–322. © Allerton Press, Inc., 2022. Russian Text © The Author(s), 2021, published in Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Chernaya Metallurgiya, 2021, No. 8, pp. 581–587. Abstract An assessment of the possibility of steel direct microalloying with cerium was performed using thermodynamic modeling of cerium reduction from slags of CaO–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $ system containing 15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and 8% МgO, additional additives of reducing agents (aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum), at temperatures of 1550 and 1650°C using the HSC 6.1 Chemistry (Outokumpu) software package. Depending on the additional additives of aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum, metal temperature, slag basicity and content of cerium oxide, 0.228 to 40.5 ppm of cerium transfers into the metal. With an additional additive of aluminum from slag (Y1) containing 1.0% of cerium oxide, 0.228 ppm of cerium is transferred to the metal at 1550°C. An increase in the system temperature to 1650°C is accompanied by a slight increase in cerium content, reaching no more than 0.323 ppm. When added to ferrosilicon-aluminum metal, cerium content in the metal is higher and amounts to 0.402 and 0.566 ppm at 1550 and 1650°C, respectively. When concentration of cerium oxide in the slag (Y2) increases to 7.0%, more significant increase in cerium content in the metal is observed, reaching in temperature range of 1550–1650°C, 1.65–2.31 ppm with aluminum additives and 2.90–4.05 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives. The most noticeable increase in cerium content in the metal is observed with an increase in slag basicity. During formation of slags with basicity of 2–3, containing 1–7% $ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $, the equilibrium concentration of cerium in the metal varies from 0.5 to 4 ppm with aluminum additives and 1–7 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives at 1550°C. Slags transfer to the increased (up to 3–5) basicity is accompanied by an increase in the equilibrium content of cerium in the metal to 4–12 ppm with aluminum additives and 7–20 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives at $ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $ content of 3–7% and, as a result, an increase in efficiency of cerium reduction process. Babenko, A. A. (orcid)0000-0003-0734-6162 aut Smirnov, L. A. (orcid)0000-0002-6324-4032 aut Mikhailova, L. Yu. (orcid)0000-0002-9154-8244 aut Enthalten in Steel in translation New York, NY : Allerton Press, 2007 52(2022), 3 vom: März, Seite 317-322 (DE-627)530278774 (DE-600)2316736-1 1935-0988 nnns volume:52 year:2022 number:3 month:03 pages:317-322 https://dx.doi.org/10.3103/S0967091222030135 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 52 2022 3 03 317-322 |
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10.3103/S0967091222030135 doi (DE-627)SPR050937669 (SPR)S0967091222030135-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Upolovnikova, A. G. verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-6698-5565 aut Direct Microalloying of Steel with Cerium under Slags of СаО–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $–15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $–8% MgO System with Additional Reducing Agents 2022 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Allerton Press, Inc. 2022. ISSN 0967-0912, Steel in Translation, 2022, Vol. 52, No. 3, pp. 317–322. © Allerton Press, Inc., 2022. Russian Text © The Author(s), 2021, published in Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Chernaya Metallurgiya, 2021, No. 8, pp. 581–587. Abstract An assessment of the possibility of steel direct microalloying with cerium was performed using thermodynamic modeling of cerium reduction from slags of CaO–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $ system containing 15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and 8% МgO, additional additives of reducing agents (aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum), at temperatures of 1550 and 1650°C using the HSC 6.1 Chemistry (Outokumpu) software package. Depending on the additional additives of aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum, metal temperature, slag basicity and content of cerium oxide, 0.228 to 40.5 ppm of cerium transfers into the metal. With an additional additive of aluminum from slag (Y1) containing 1.0% of cerium oxide, 0.228 ppm of cerium is transferred to the metal at 1550°C. An increase in the system temperature to 1650°C is accompanied by a slight increase in cerium content, reaching no more than 0.323 ppm. When added to ferrosilicon-aluminum metal, cerium content in the metal is higher and amounts to 0.402 and 0.566 ppm at 1550 and 1650°C, respectively. When concentration of cerium oxide in the slag (Y2) increases to 7.0%, more significant increase in cerium content in the metal is observed, reaching in temperature range of 1550–1650°C, 1.65–2.31 ppm with aluminum additives and 2.90–4.05 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives. The most noticeable increase in cerium content in the metal is observed with an increase in slag basicity. During formation of slags with basicity of 2–3, containing 1–7% $ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $, the equilibrium concentration of cerium in the metal varies from 0.5 to 4 ppm with aluminum additives and 1–7 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives at 1550°C. Slags transfer to the increased (up to 3–5) basicity is accompanied by an increase in the equilibrium content of cerium in the metal to 4–12 ppm with aluminum additives and 7–20 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives at $ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $ content of 3–7% and, as a result, an increase in efficiency of cerium reduction process. Babenko, A. A. (orcid)0000-0003-0734-6162 aut Smirnov, L. A. (orcid)0000-0002-6324-4032 aut Mikhailova, L. Yu. (orcid)0000-0002-9154-8244 aut Enthalten in Steel in translation New York, NY : Allerton Press, 2007 52(2022), 3 vom: März, Seite 317-322 (DE-627)530278774 (DE-600)2316736-1 1935-0988 nnns volume:52 year:2022 number:3 month:03 pages:317-322 https://dx.doi.org/10.3103/S0967091222030135 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 52 2022 3 03 317-322 |
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Steel in translation |
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Upolovnikova, A. G. @@aut@@ Babenko, A. A. @@aut@@ Smirnov, L. A. @@aut@@ Mikhailova, L. Yu. @@aut@@ |
publishDateDaySort_date |
2022-03-01T00:00:00Z |
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530278774 |
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englisch |
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G.</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="0">(orcid)0000-0002-6698-5565</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Direct Microalloying of Steel with Cerium under Slags of СаО–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $–15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $–8% MgO System with Additional Reducing Agents</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2022</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">© Allerton Press, Inc. 2022. ISSN 0967-0912, Steel in Translation, 2022, Vol. 52, No. 3, pp. 317–322. © Allerton Press, Inc., 2022. Russian Text © The Author(s), 2021, published in Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Chernaya Metallurgiya, 2021, No. 8, pp. 581–587.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Abstract An assessment of the possibility of steel direct microalloying with cerium was performed using thermodynamic modeling of cerium reduction from slags of CaO–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $ system containing 15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and 8% МgO, additional additives of reducing agents (aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum), at temperatures of 1550 and 1650°C using the HSC 6.1 Chemistry (Outokumpu) software package. Depending on the additional additives of aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum, metal temperature, slag basicity and content of cerium oxide, 0.228 to 40.5 ppm of cerium transfers into the metal. With an additional additive of aluminum from slag (Y1) containing 1.0% of cerium oxide, 0.228 ppm of cerium is transferred to the metal at 1550°C. An increase in the system temperature to 1650°C is accompanied by a slight increase in cerium content, reaching no more than 0.323 ppm. When added to ferrosilicon-aluminum metal, cerium content in the metal is higher and amounts to 0.402 and 0.566 ppm at 1550 and 1650°C, respectively. When concentration of cerium oxide in the slag (Y2) increases to 7.0%, more significant increase in cerium content in the metal is observed, reaching in temperature range of 1550–1650°C, 1.65–2.31 ppm with aluminum additives and 2.90–4.05 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives. The most noticeable increase in cerium content in the metal is observed with an increase in slag basicity. 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Upolovnikova, A. G. |
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Upolovnikova, A. G. Direct Microalloying of Steel with Cerium under Slags of СаО–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $–15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $–8% MgO System with Additional Reducing Agents |
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Direct Microalloying of Steel with Cerium under Slags of СаО–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $–15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $–8% MgO System with Additional Reducing Agents |
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title |
Direct Microalloying of Steel with Cerium under Slags of СаО–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $–15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $–8% MgO System with Additional Reducing Agents |
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Direct Microalloying of Steel with Cerium under Slags of СаО–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $–15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $–8% MgO System with Additional Reducing Agents |
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Upolovnikova, A. G. Babenko, A. A. Smirnov, L. A. Mikhailova, L. Yu. |
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direct microalloying of steel with cerium under slags of сао–$ sio_{2} $–$ ce_{2} %$ o_{3} $–15% $ al_{2} %$ o_{3} $–8% mgo system with additional reducing agents |
title_auth |
Direct Microalloying of Steel with Cerium under Slags of СаО–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $–15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $–8% MgO System with Additional Reducing Agents |
abstract |
Abstract An assessment of the possibility of steel direct microalloying with cerium was performed using thermodynamic modeling of cerium reduction from slags of CaO–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $ system containing 15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and 8% МgO, additional additives of reducing agents (aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum), at temperatures of 1550 and 1650°C using the HSC 6.1 Chemistry (Outokumpu) software package. Depending on the additional additives of aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum, metal temperature, slag basicity and content of cerium oxide, 0.228 to 40.5 ppm of cerium transfers into the metal. With an additional additive of aluminum from slag (Y1) containing 1.0% of cerium oxide, 0.228 ppm of cerium is transferred to the metal at 1550°C. An increase in the system temperature to 1650°C is accompanied by a slight increase in cerium content, reaching no more than 0.323 ppm. When added to ferrosilicon-aluminum metal, cerium content in the metal is higher and amounts to 0.402 and 0.566 ppm at 1550 and 1650°C, respectively. When concentration of cerium oxide in the slag (Y2) increases to 7.0%, more significant increase in cerium content in the metal is observed, reaching in temperature range of 1550–1650°C, 1.65–2.31 ppm with aluminum additives and 2.90–4.05 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives. The most noticeable increase in cerium content in the metal is observed with an increase in slag basicity. During formation of slags with basicity of 2–3, containing 1–7% $ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $, the equilibrium concentration of cerium in the metal varies from 0.5 to 4 ppm with aluminum additives and 1–7 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives at 1550°C. Slags transfer to the increased (up to 3–5) basicity is accompanied by an increase in the equilibrium content of cerium in the metal to 4–12 ppm with aluminum additives and 7–20 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives at $ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $ content of 3–7% and, as a result, an increase in efficiency of cerium reduction process. © Allerton Press, Inc. 2022. ISSN 0967-0912, Steel in Translation, 2022, Vol. 52, No. 3, pp. 317–322. © Allerton Press, Inc., 2022. Russian Text © The Author(s), 2021, published in Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Chernaya Metallurgiya, 2021, No. 8, pp. 581–587. |
abstractGer |
Abstract An assessment of the possibility of steel direct microalloying with cerium was performed using thermodynamic modeling of cerium reduction from slags of CaO–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $ system containing 15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and 8% МgO, additional additives of reducing agents (aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum), at temperatures of 1550 and 1650°C using the HSC 6.1 Chemistry (Outokumpu) software package. Depending on the additional additives of aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum, metal temperature, slag basicity and content of cerium oxide, 0.228 to 40.5 ppm of cerium transfers into the metal. With an additional additive of aluminum from slag (Y1) containing 1.0% of cerium oxide, 0.228 ppm of cerium is transferred to the metal at 1550°C. An increase in the system temperature to 1650°C is accompanied by a slight increase in cerium content, reaching no more than 0.323 ppm. When added to ferrosilicon-aluminum metal, cerium content in the metal is higher and amounts to 0.402 and 0.566 ppm at 1550 and 1650°C, respectively. When concentration of cerium oxide in the slag (Y2) increases to 7.0%, more significant increase in cerium content in the metal is observed, reaching in temperature range of 1550–1650°C, 1.65–2.31 ppm with aluminum additives and 2.90–4.05 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives. The most noticeable increase in cerium content in the metal is observed with an increase in slag basicity. During formation of slags with basicity of 2–3, containing 1–7% $ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $, the equilibrium concentration of cerium in the metal varies from 0.5 to 4 ppm with aluminum additives and 1–7 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives at 1550°C. Slags transfer to the increased (up to 3–5) basicity is accompanied by an increase in the equilibrium content of cerium in the metal to 4–12 ppm with aluminum additives and 7–20 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives at $ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $ content of 3–7% and, as a result, an increase in efficiency of cerium reduction process. © Allerton Press, Inc. 2022. ISSN 0967-0912, Steel in Translation, 2022, Vol. 52, No. 3, pp. 317–322. © Allerton Press, Inc., 2022. Russian Text © The Author(s), 2021, published in Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Chernaya Metallurgiya, 2021, No. 8, pp. 581–587. |
abstract_unstemmed |
Abstract An assessment of the possibility of steel direct microalloying with cerium was performed using thermodynamic modeling of cerium reduction from slags of CaO–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $ system containing 15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and 8% МgO, additional additives of reducing agents (aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum), at temperatures of 1550 and 1650°C using the HSC 6.1 Chemistry (Outokumpu) software package. Depending on the additional additives of aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum, metal temperature, slag basicity and content of cerium oxide, 0.228 to 40.5 ppm of cerium transfers into the metal. With an additional additive of aluminum from slag (Y1) containing 1.0% of cerium oxide, 0.228 ppm of cerium is transferred to the metal at 1550°C. An increase in the system temperature to 1650°C is accompanied by a slight increase in cerium content, reaching no more than 0.323 ppm. When added to ferrosilicon-aluminum metal, cerium content in the metal is higher and amounts to 0.402 and 0.566 ppm at 1550 and 1650°C, respectively. When concentration of cerium oxide in the slag (Y2) increases to 7.0%, more significant increase in cerium content in the metal is observed, reaching in temperature range of 1550–1650°C, 1.65–2.31 ppm with aluminum additives and 2.90–4.05 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives. The most noticeable increase in cerium content in the metal is observed with an increase in slag basicity. During formation of slags with basicity of 2–3, containing 1–7% $ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $, the equilibrium concentration of cerium in the metal varies from 0.5 to 4 ppm with aluminum additives and 1–7 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives at 1550°C. Slags transfer to the increased (up to 3–5) basicity is accompanied by an increase in the equilibrium content of cerium in the metal to 4–12 ppm with aluminum additives and 7–20 ppm with ferrosilicon-aluminum additives at $ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $ content of 3–7% and, as a result, an increase in efficiency of cerium reduction process. © Allerton Press, Inc. 2022. ISSN 0967-0912, Steel in Translation, 2022, Vol. 52, No. 3, pp. 317–322. © Allerton Press, Inc., 2022. Russian Text © The Author(s), 2021, published in Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Chernaya Metallurgiya, 2021, No. 8, pp. 581–587. |
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title_short |
Direct Microalloying of Steel with Cerium under Slags of СаО–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $–15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $–8% MgO System with Additional Reducing Agents |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.3103/S0967091222030135 |
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Babenko, A. A. Smirnov, L. A. Mikhailova, L. Yu |
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ISSN 0967-0912, Steel in Translation, 2022, Vol. 52, No. 3, pp. 317–322. © Allerton Press, Inc., 2022. Russian Text © The Author(s), 2021, published in Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Chernaya Metallurgiya, 2021, No. 8, pp. 581–587.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Abstract An assessment of the possibility of steel direct microalloying with cerium was performed using thermodynamic modeling of cerium reduction from slags of CaO–$ SiO_{2} $–$ Ce_{2} %$ O_{3} $ system containing 15% $ Al_{2} %$ O_{3} $ and 8% МgO, additional additives of reducing agents (aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum), at temperatures of 1550 and 1650°C using the HSC 6.1 Chemistry (Outokumpu) software package. Depending on the additional additives of aluminum or ferrosilicon-aluminum, metal temperature, slag basicity and content of cerium oxide, 0.228 to 40.5 ppm of cerium transfers into the metal. 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score |
7.3993645 |