Challenges of managing hypertension in Pakistan - a review

Background This review aims to describe existing evidence on the state of hypertension in Pakistan, including the prevalence, associated risk factors, preventive strategies, and challenges in the management of hypertension. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted electronically using...
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Autor*in:	Elahi, Adil [verfasserIn] Ali, Arzina Aziz Khan, Aamir Hameed Samad, Zainab Shahab, Hunaina Aziz, Namra Almas, Aysha

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2023

Schlagwörter:	Hypertension Pakistan Review Prevalence Risk factors Blood pressure

Anmerkung:	© The Author(s) 2023

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Clinical Hypertension - London : BioMed Central, 2014, 29(2023), 1 vom: 15. Juni
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:29 ; year:2023 ; number:1 ; day:15 ; month:06

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1186/s40885-023-00245-6

Katalog-ID:	SPR051902982

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allfields	10.1186/s40885-023-00245-6 doi (DE-627)SPR051902982 (SPR)s40885-023-00245-6-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Elahi, Adil verfasserin aut Challenges of managing hypertension in Pakistan - a review 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2023 Background This review aims to describe existing evidence on the state of hypertension in Pakistan, including the prevalence, associated risk factors, preventive strategies, and challenges in the management of hypertension. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted electronically using PubMed and Google Scholar. Using specific screening methodology, 55 articles were selected to be included. Results We found from this extensive review that several small studies report high prevalence of hypertension but there is a lack of population based prevalence of hypertension in Pakistan. Lifestyle risk factors such as obesity, unhealthy diet, decreased physical activity, low socioeconomic status, and lack of access to care were the main associated factors with hypertension. Lack of blood pressure monitoring practices and medication non-adherence were also linked to uncontrolled hypertension in Pakistan and were more evident in primary care setups. The evidence presented is essential for delineating the burden of the disease, hence allowing for better management of this underserved population. Conclusion There is a need for updated surveys to depict the true prevalence and management of hypertension in Pakistan. Cost-effective implementation strategies and policies at the national level are needed for both prevention and control of hypertension. Hypertension (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pakistan (dpeaa)DE-He213 Review (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prevalence (dpeaa)DE-He213 Risk factors (dpeaa)DE-He213 Blood pressure (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ali, Arzina Aziz aut Khan, Aamir Hameed aut Samad, Zainab aut Shahab, Hunaina aut Aziz, Namra aut Almas, Aysha (orcid)0000-0001-7146-7183 aut Enthalten in Clinical Hypertension London : BioMed Central, 2014 29(2023), 1 vom: 15. Juni (DE-627)815913877 (DE-600)2806585-2 2056-5909 nnns volume:29 year:2023 number:1 day:15 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40885-023-00245-6 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 29 2023 1 15 06
spelling	10.1186/s40885-023-00245-6 doi (DE-627)SPR051902982 (SPR)s40885-023-00245-6-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Elahi, Adil verfasserin aut Challenges of managing hypertension in Pakistan - a review 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2023 Background This review aims to describe existing evidence on the state of hypertension in Pakistan, including the prevalence, associated risk factors, preventive strategies, and challenges in the management of hypertension. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted electronically using PubMed and Google Scholar. Using specific screening methodology, 55 articles were selected to be included. Results We found from this extensive review that several small studies report high prevalence of hypertension but there is a lack of population based prevalence of hypertension in Pakistan. Lifestyle risk factors such as obesity, unhealthy diet, decreased physical activity, low socioeconomic status, and lack of access to care were the main associated factors with hypertension. Lack of blood pressure monitoring practices and medication non-adherence were also linked to uncontrolled hypertension in Pakistan and were more evident in primary care setups. The evidence presented is essential for delineating the burden of the disease, hence allowing for better management of this underserved population. Conclusion There is a need for updated surveys to depict the true prevalence and management of hypertension in Pakistan. Cost-effective implementation strategies and policies at the national level are needed for both prevention and control of hypertension. Hypertension (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pakistan (dpeaa)DE-He213 Review (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prevalence (dpeaa)DE-He213 Risk factors (dpeaa)DE-He213 Blood pressure (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ali, Arzina Aziz aut Khan, Aamir Hameed aut Samad, Zainab aut Shahab, Hunaina aut Aziz, Namra aut Almas, Aysha (orcid)0000-0001-7146-7183 aut Enthalten in Clinical Hypertension London : BioMed Central, 2014 29(2023), 1 vom: 15. Juni (DE-627)815913877 (DE-600)2806585-2 2056-5909 nnns volume:29 year:2023 number:1 day:15 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40885-023-00245-6 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 29 2023 1 15 06
allfields_unstemmed	10.1186/s40885-023-00245-6 doi (DE-627)SPR051902982 (SPR)s40885-023-00245-6-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Elahi, Adil verfasserin aut Challenges of managing hypertension in Pakistan - a review 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2023 Background This review aims to describe existing evidence on the state of hypertension in Pakistan, including the prevalence, associated risk factors, preventive strategies, and challenges in the management of hypertension. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted electronically using PubMed and Google Scholar. Using specific screening methodology, 55 articles were selected to be included. Results We found from this extensive review that several small studies report high prevalence of hypertension but there is a lack of population based prevalence of hypertension in Pakistan. Lifestyle risk factors such as obesity, unhealthy diet, decreased physical activity, low socioeconomic status, and lack of access to care were the main associated factors with hypertension. Lack of blood pressure monitoring practices and medication non-adherence were also linked to uncontrolled hypertension in Pakistan and were more evident in primary care setups. The evidence presented is essential for delineating the burden of the disease, hence allowing for better management of this underserved population. Conclusion There is a need for updated surveys to depict the true prevalence and management of hypertension in Pakistan. Cost-effective implementation strategies and policies at the national level are needed for both prevention and control of hypertension. Hypertension (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pakistan (dpeaa)DE-He213 Review (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prevalence (dpeaa)DE-He213 Risk factors (dpeaa)DE-He213 Blood pressure (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ali, Arzina Aziz aut Khan, Aamir Hameed aut Samad, Zainab aut Shahab, Hunaina aut Aziz, Namra aut Almas, Aysha (orcid)0000-0001-7146-7183 aut Enthalten in Clinical Hypertension London : BioMed Central, 2014 29(2023), 1 vom: 15. Juni (DE-627)815913877 (DE-600)2806585-2 2056-5909 nnns volume:29 year:2023 number:1 day:15 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40885-023-00245-6 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 29 2023 1 15 06
allfieldsGer	10.1186/s40885-023-00245-6 doi (DE-627)SPR051902982 (SPR)s40885-023-00245-6-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Elahi, Adil verfasserin aut Challenges of managing hypertension in Pakistan - a review 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2023 Background This review aims to describe existing evidence on the state of hypertension in Pakistan, including the prevalence, associated risk factors, preventive strategies, and challenges in the management of hypertension. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted electronically using PubMed and Google Scholar. Using specific screening methodology, 55 articles were selected to be included. Results We found from this extensive review that several small studies report high prevalence of hypertension but there is a lack of population based prevalence of hypertension in Pakistan. Lifestyle risk factors such as obesity, unhealthy diet, decreased physical activity, low socioeconomic status, and lack of access to care were the main associated factors with hypertension. Lack of blood pressure monitoring practices and medication non-adherence were also linked to uncontrolled hypertension in Pakistan and were more evident in primary care setups. The evidence presented is essential for delineating the burden of the disease, hence allowing for better management of this underserved population. Conclusion There is a need for updated surveys to depict the true prevalence and management of hypertension in Pakistan. Cost-effective implementation strategies and policies at the national level are needed for both prevention and control of hypertension. Hypertension (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pakistan (dpeaa)DE-He213 Review (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prevalence (dpeaa)DE-He213 Risk factors (dpeaa)DE-He213 Blood pressure (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ali, Arzina Aziz aut Khan, Aamir Hameed aut Samad, Zainab aut Shahab, Hunaina aut Aziz, Namra aut Almas, Aysha (orcid)0000-0001-7146-7183 aut Enthalten in Clinical Hypertension London : BioMed Central, 2014 29(2023), 1 vom: 15. Juni (DE-627)815913877 (DE-600)2806585-2 2056-5909 nnns volume:29 year:2023 number:1 day:15 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40885-023-00245-6 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 29 2023 1 15 06
allfieldsSound	10.1186/s40885-023-00245-6 doi (DE-627)SPR051902982 (SPR)s40885-023-00245-6-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Elahi, Adil verfasserin aut Challenges of managing hypertension in Pakistan - a review 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2023 Background This review aims to describe existing evidence on the state of hypertension in Pakistan, including the prevalence, associated risk factors, preventive strategies, and challenges in the management of hypertension. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted electronically using PubMed and Google Scholar. Using specific screening methodology, 55 articles were selected to be included. Results We found from this extensive review that several small studies report high prevalence of hypertension but there is a lack of population based prevalence of hypertension in Pakistan. Lifestyle risk factors such as obesity, unhealthy diet, decreased physical activity, low socioeconomic status, and lack of access to care were the main associated factors with hypertension. Lack of blood pressure monitoring practices and medication non-adherence were also linked to uncontrolled hypertension in Pakistan and were more evident in primary care setups. The evidence presented is essential for delineating the burden of the disease, hence allowing for better management of this underserved population. Conclusion There is a need for updated surveys to depict the true prevalence and management of hypertension in Pakistan. Cost-effective implementation strategies and policies at the national level are needed for both prevention and control of hypertension. Hypertension (dpeaa)DE-He213 Pakistan (dpeaa)DE-He213 Review (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prevalence (dpeaa)DE-He213 Risk factors (dpeaa)DE-He213 Blood pressure (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ali, Arzina Aziz aut Khan, Aamir Hameed aut Samad, Zainab aut Shahab, Hunaina aut Aziz, Namra aut Almas, Aysha (orcid)0000-0001-7146-7183 aut Enthalten in Clinical Hypertension London : BioMed Central, 2014 29(2023), 1 vom: 15. Juni (DE-627)815913877 (DE-600)2806585-2 2056-5909 nnns volume:29 year:2023 number:1 day:15 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40885-023-00245-6 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 29 2023 1 15 06
language	English
source	Enthalten in Clinical Hypertension 29(2023), 1 vom: 15. Juni volume:29 year:2023 number:1 day:15 month:06
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authorswithroles_txt_mv	Elahi, Adil @@aut@@ Ali, Arzina Aziz @@aut@@ Khan, Aamir Hameed @@aut@@ Samad, Zainab @@aut@@ Shahab, Hunaina @@aut@@ Aziz, Namra @@aut@@ Almas, Aysha @@aut@@
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Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted electronically using PubMed and Google Scholar. Using specific screening methodology, 55 articles were selected to be included. Results We found from this extensive review that several small studies report high prevalence of hypertension but there is a lack of population based prevalence of hypertension in Pakistan. Lifestyle risk factors such as obesity, unhealthy diet, decreased physical activity, low socioeconomic status, and lack of access to care were the main associated factors with hypertension. Lack of blood pressure monitoring practices and medication non-adherence were also linked to uncontrolled hypertension in Pakistan and were more evident in primary care setups. The evidence presented is essential for delineating the burden of the disease, hence allowing for better management of this underserved population. Conclusion There is a need for updated surveys to depict the true prevalence and management of hypertension in Pakistan. 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abstract	Background This review aims to describe existing evidence on the state of hypertension in Pakistan, including the prevalence, associated risk factors, preventive strategies, and challenges in the management of hypertension. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted electronically using PubMed and Google Scholar. Using specific screening methodology, 55 articles were selected to be included. Results We found from this extensive review that several small studies report high prevalence of hypertension but there is a lack of population based prevalence of hypertension in Pakistan. Lifestyle risk factors such as obesity, unhealthy diet, decreased physical activity, low socioeconomic status, and lack of access to care were the main associated factors with hypertension. Lack of blood pressure monitoring practices and medication non-adherence were also linked to uncontrolled hypertension in Pakistan and were more evident in primary care setups. The evidence presented is essential for delineating the burden of the disease, hence allowing for better management of this underserved population. Conclusion There is a need for updated surveys to depict the true prevalence and management of hypertension in Pakistan. Cost-effective implementation strategies and policies at the national level are needed for both prevention and control of hypertension. © The Author(s) 2023
abstractGer	Background This review aims to describe existing evidence on the state of hypertension in Pakistan, including the prevalence, associated risk factors, preventive strategies, and challenges in the management of hypertension. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted electronically using PubMed and Google Scholar. Using specific screening methodology, 55 articles were selected to be included. Results We found from this extensive review that several small studies report high prevalence of hypertension but there is a lack of population based prevalence of hypertension in Pakistan. Lifestyle risk factors such as obesity, unhealthy diet, decreased physical activity, low socioeconomic status, and lack of access to care were the main associated factors with hypertension. Lack of blood pressure monitoring practices and medication non-adherence were also linked to uncontrolled hypertension in Pakistan and were more evident in primary care setups. The evidence presented is essential for delineating the burden of the disease, hence allowing for better management of this underserved population. Conclusion There is a need for updated surveys to depict the true prevalence and management of hypertension in Pakistan. Cost-effective implementation strategies and policies at the national level are needed for both prevention and control of hypertension. © The Author(s) 2023
abstract_unstemmed	Background This review aims to describe existing evidence on the state of hypertension in Pakistan, including the prevalence, associated risk factors, preventive strategies, and challenges in the management of hypertension. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted electronically using PubMed and Google Scholar. Using specific screening methodology, 55 articles were selected to be included. Results We found from this extensive review that several small studies report high prevalence of hypertension but there is a lack of population based prevalence of hypertension in Pakistan. Lifestyle risk factors such as obesity, unhealthy diet, decreased physical activity, low socioeconomic status, and lack of access to care were the main associated factors with hypertension. Lack of blood pressure monitoring practices and medication non-adherence were also linked to uncontrolled hypertension in Pakistan and were more evident in primary care setups. The evidence presented is essential for delineating the burden of the disease, hence allowing for better management of this underserved population. Conclusion There is a need for updated surveys to depict the true prevalence and management of hypertension in Pakistan. Cost-effective implementation strategies and policies at the national level are needed for both prevention and control of hypertension. © The Author(s) 2023
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title_short	Challenges of managing hypertension in Pakistan - a review
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