Characterisation of dry spells for agricultural applications in Malawi

Abstract Dry spells are one of the climate change hazards that continue to exert pressure on the agriculture sector, hence affecting food security. Understanding dry spell characteristics of an area helps in coming up with interventions and adaptive measures among other advantages. This study aimed...
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Autor*in:	Chimimba, Ellasy Gulule [verfasserIn] Ngongondo, Cosmo Li, Chengxiu Minoungou, Bernard Monjerezi, Maurice Eneya, Levis

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2023

Schlagwörter:	CHIRPS Dry spell Dry spell length Return period Spatial distribution Malawi

Anmerkung:	© The Author(s) 2023. corrected publication 2023

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: SN applied sciences - [Cham] : Springer International Publishing, 2019, 5(2023), 7 vom: 29. Juni
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:5 ; year:2023 ; number:7 ; day:29 ; month:06

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1007/s42452-023-05413-9

Katalog-ID:	SPR052101274

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520			\|a Abstract Dry spells are one of the climate change hazards that continue to exert pressure on the agriculture sector, hence affecting food security. Understanding dry spell characteristics of an area helps in coming up with interventions and adaptive measures among other advantages. This study aimed at understanding characteristics of dry spells for Malawi by using climate hazards group infrared precipitation with stations precipitation data from 1981 to 2019. The study focused on the spatial distribution, maximum number of dry days, trend of maximum dry days and time of occurrence of dry spells. Data was analysed using Mann–Kendal trend analysis in R software. The results indicate a high number of occurrences of dry spells in the southern region than the other two regions of Malawi. In addition, the southern region experienced the highest maximum number of dry days. However, there is an upward trend for maximum days of dry spells in central region than all other regions. Local scale topographic influences on dry spell occurrence were also apparent. The study further established that the number of dry spell occurrence in the rainfall season starts to increase towards end of March. In this regard, although rainfall season in the study area is considered to be from November to April, the study recommends that growing season should be considered to be November to March so that crops are not affected by end of season dry spells which are common. Farmers should ensure that they plant crops that will mature with this growing period.
520			\|a Article highlights Analysis of dry spells over Malawi from 1981 to 2019 using CHIRPS identified areas prone to dry spells.There is an increase in trend of dry spells in centre with high number of occurrence in the south and that the spatial distribution and trends are influenced by topography, rainfall onset and cessation.Characteristics of dry spells informs optimal crop growing periods.
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allfields	10.1007/s42452-023-05413-9 doi (DE-627)SPR052101274 (SPR)s42452-023-05413-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Chimimba, Ellasy Gulule verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-8420-7460 aut Characterisation of dry spells for agricultural applications in Malawi 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2023. corrected publication 2023 Abstract Dry spells are one of the climate change hazards that continue to exert pressure on the agriculture sector, hence affecting food security. Understanding dry spell characteristics of an area helps in coming up with interventions and adaptive measures among other advantages. This study aimed at understanding characteristics of dry spells for Malawi by using climate hazards group infrared precipitation with stations precipitation data from 1981 to 2019. The study focused on the spatial distribution, maximum number of dry days, trend of maximum dry days and time of occurrence of dry spells. Data was analysed using Mann–Kendal trend analysis in R software. The results indicate a high number of occurrences of dry spells in the southern region than the other two regions of Malawi. In addition, the southern region experienced the highest maximum number of dry days. However, there is an upward trend for maximum days of dry spells in central region than all other regions. Local scale topographic influences on dry spell occurrence were also apparent. The study further established that the number of dry spell occurrence in the rainfall season starts to increase towards end of March. In this regard, although rainfall season in the study area is considered to be from November to April, the study recommends that growing season should be considered to be November to March so that crops are not affected by end of season dry spells which are common. Farmers should ensure that they plant crops that will mature with this growing period. Article highlights Analysis of dry spells over Malawi from 1981 to 2019 using CHIRPS identified areas prone to dry spells.There is an increase in trend of dry spells in centre with high number of occurrence in the south and that the spatial distribution and trends are influenced by topography, rainfall onset and cessation.Characteristics of dry spells informs optimal crop growing periods. CHIRPS (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dry spell (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dry spell length (dpeaa)DE-He213 Return period (dpeaa)DE-He213 Spatial distribution (dpeaa)DE-He213 Malawi (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ngongondo, Cosmo aut Li, Chengxiu aut Minoungou, Bernard aut Monjerezi, Maurice aut Eneya, Levis aut Enthalten in SN applied sciences [Cham] : Springer International Publishing, 2019 5(2023), 7 vom: 29. Juni (DE-627)103761139X (DE-600)2947292-1 2523-3971 nnns volume:5 year:2023 number:7 day:29 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-023-05413-9 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2023 7 29 06
spelling	10.1007/s42452-023-05413-9 doi (DE-627)SPR052101274 (SPR)s42452-023-05413-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Chimimba, Ellasy Gulule verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-8420-7460 aut Characterisation of dry spells for agricultural applications in Malawi 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2023. corrected publication 2023 Abstract Dry spells are one of the climate change hazards that continue to exert pressure on the agriculture sector, hence affecting food security. Understanding dry spell characteristics of an area helps in coming up with interventions and adaptive measures among other advantages. This study aimed at understanding characteristics of dry spells for Malawi by using climate hazards group infrared precipitation with stations precipitation data from 1981 to 2019. The study focused on the spatial distribution, maximum number of dry days, trend of maximum dry days and time of occurrence of dry spells. Data was analysed using Mann–Kendal trend analysis in R software. The results indicate a high number of occurrences of dry spells in the southern region than the other two regions of Malawi. In addition, the southern region experienced the highest maximum number of dry days. However, there is an upward trend for maximum days of dry spells in central region than all other regions. Local scale topographic influences on dry spell occurrence were also apparent. The study further established that the number of dry spell occurrence in the rainfall season starts to increase towards end of March. In this regard, although rainfall season in the study area is considered to be from November to April, the study recommends that growing season should be considered to be November to March so that crops are not affected by end of season dry spells which are common. Farmers should ensure that they plant crops that will mature with this growing period. Article highlights Analysis of dry spells over Malawi from 1981 to 2019 using CHIRPS identified areas prone to dry spells.There is an increase in trend of dry spells in centre with high number of occurrence in the south and that the spatial distribution and trends are influenced by topography, rainfall onset and cessation.Characteristics of dry spells informs optimal crop growing periods. CHIRPS (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dry spell (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dry spell length (dpeaa)DE-He213 Return period (dpeaa)DE-He213 Spatial distribution (dpeaa)DE-He213 Malawi (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ngongondo, Cosmo aut Li, Chengxiu aut Minoungou, Bernard aut Monjerezi, Maurice aut Eneya, Levis aut Enthalten in SN applied sciences [Cham] : Springer International Publishing, 2019 5(2023), 7 vom: 29. Juni (DE-627)103761139X (DE-600)2947292-1 2523-3971 nnns volume:5 year:2023 number:7 day:29 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-023-05413-9 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2023 7 29 06
allfields_unstemmed	10.1007/s42452-023-05413-9 doi (DE-627)SPR052101274 (SPR)s42452-023-05413-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Chimimba, Ellasy Gulule verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-8420-7460 aut Characterisation of dry spells for agricultural applications in Malawi 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2023. corrected publication 2023 Abstract Dry spells are one of the climate change hazards that continue to exert pressure on the agriculture sector, hence affecting food security. Understanding dry spell characteristics of an area helps in coming up with interventions and adaptive measures among other advantages. This study aimed at understanding characteristics of dry spells for Malawi by using climate hazards group infrared precipitation with stations precipitation data from 1981 to 2019. The study focused on the spatial distribution, maximum number of dry days, trend of maximum dry days and time of occurrence of dry spells. Data was analysed using Mann–Kendal trend analysis in R software. The results indicate a high number of occurrences of dry spells in the southern region than the other two regions of Malawi. In addition, the southern region experienced the highest maximum number of dry days. However, there is an upward trend for maximum days of dry spells in central region than all other regions. Local scale topographic influences on dry spell occurrence were also apparent. The study further established that the number of dry spell occurrence in the rainfall season starts to increase towards end of March. In this regard, although rainfall season in the study area is considered to be from November to April, the study recommends that growing season should be considered to be November to March so that crops are not affected by end of season dry spells which are common. Farmers should ensure that they plant crops that will mature with this growing period. Article highlights Analysis of dry spells over Malawi from 1981 to 2019 using CHIRPS identified areas prone to dry spells.There is an increase in trend of dry spells in centre with high number of occurrence in the south and that the spatial distribution and trends are influenced by topography, rainfall onset and cessation.Characteristics of dry spells informs optimal crop growing periods. CHIRPS (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dry spell (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dry spell length (dpeaa)DE-He213 Return period (dpeaa)DE-He213 Spatial distribution (dpeaa)DE-He213 Malawi (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ngongondo, Cosmo aut Li, Chengxiu aut Minoungou, Bernard aut Monjerezi, Maurice aut Eneya, Levis aut Enthalten in SN applied sciences [Cham] : Springer International Publishing, 2019 5(2023), 7 vom: 29. Juni (DE-627)103761139X (DE-600)2947292-1 2523-3971 nnns volume:5 year:2023 number:7 day:29 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-023-05413-9 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2023 7 29 06
allfieldsGer	10.1007/s42452-023-05413-9 doi (DE-627)SPR052101274 (SPR)s42452-023-05413-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Chimimba, Ellasy Gulule verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-8420-7460 aut Characterisation of dry spells for agricultural applications in Malawi 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2023. corrected publication 2023 Abstract Dry spells are one of the climate change hazards that continue to exert pressure on the agriculture sector, hence affecting food security. Understanding dry spell characteristics of an area helps in coming up with interventions and adaptive measures among other advantages. This study aimed at understanding characteristics of dry spells for Malawi by using climate hazards group infrared precipitation with stations precipitation data from 1981 to 2019. The study focused on the spatial distribution, maximum number of dry days, trend of maximum dry days and time of occurrence of dry spells. Data was analysed using Mann–Kendal trend analysis in R software. The results indicate a high number of occurrences of dry spells in the southern region than the other two regions of Malawi. In addition, the southern region experienced the highest maximum number of dry days. However, there is an upward trend for maximum days of dry spells in central region than all other regions. Local scale topographic influences on dry spell occurrence were also apparent. The study further established that the number of dry spell occurrence in the rainfall season starts to increase towards end of March. In this regard, although rainfall season in the study area is considered to be from November to April, the study recommends that growing season should be considered to be November to March so that crops are not affected by end of season dry spells which are common. Farmers should ensure that they plant crops that will mature with this growing period. Article highlights Analysis of dry spells over Malawi from 1981 to 2019 using CHIRPS identified areas prone to dry spells.There is an increase in trend of dry spells in centre with high number of occurrence in the south and that the spatial distribution and trends are influenced by topography, rainfall onset and cessation.Characteristics of dry spells informs optimal crop growing periods. CHIRPS (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dry spell (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dry spell length (dpeaa)DE-He213 Return period (dpeaa)DE-He213 Spatial distribution (dpeaa)DE-He213 Malawi (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ngongondo, Cosmo aut Li, Chengxiu aut Minoungou, Bernard aut Monjerezi, Maurice aut Eneya, Levis aut Enthalten in SN applied sciences [Cham] : Springer International Publishing, 2019 5(2023), 7 vom: 29. Juni (DE-627)103761139X (DE-600)2947292-1 2523-3971 nnns volume:5 year:2023 number:7 day:29 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-023-05413-9 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2023 7 29 06
allfieldsSound	10.1007/s42452-023-05413-9 doi (DE-627)SPR052101274 (SPR)s42452-023-05413-9-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Chimimba, Ellasy Gulule verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-8420-7460 aut Characterisation of dry spells for agricultural applications in Malawi 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2023. corrected publication 2023 Abstract Dry spells are one of the climate change hazards that continue to exert pressure on the agriculture sector, hence affecting food security. Understanding dry spell characteristics of an area helps in coming up with interventions and adaptive measures among other advantages. This study aimed at understanding characteristics of dry spells for Malawi by using climate hazards group infrared precipitation with stations precipitation data from 1981 to 2019. The study focused on the spatial distribution, maximum number of dry days, trend of maximum dry days and time of occurrence of dry spells. Data was analysed using Mann–Kendal trend analysis in R software. The results indicate a high number of occurrences of dry spells in the southern region than the other two regions of Malawi. In addition, the southern region experienced the highest maximum number of dry days. However, there is an upward trend for maximum days of dry spells in central region than all other regions. Local scale topographic influences on dry spell occurrence were also apparent. The study further established that the number of dry spell occurrence in the rainfall season starts to increase towards end of March. In this regard, although rainfall season in the study area is considered to be from November to April, the study recommends that growing season should be considered to be November to March so that crops are not affected by end of season dry spells which are common. Farmers should ensure that they plant crops that will mature with this growing period. Article highlights Analysis of dry spells over Malawi from 1981 to 2019 using CHIRPS identified areas prone to dry spells.There is an increase in trend of dry spells in centre with high number of occurrence in the south and that the spatial distribution and trends are influenced by topography, rainfall onset and cessation.Characteristics of dry spells informs optimal crop growing periods. CHIRPS (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dry spell (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dry spell length (dpeaa)DE-He213 Return period (dpeaa)DE-He213 Spatial distribution (dpeaa)DE-He213 Malawi (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ngongondo, Cosmo aut Li, Chengxiu aut Minoungou, Bernard aut Monjerezi, Maurice aut Eneya, Levis aut Enthalten in SN applied sciences [Cham] : Springer International Publishing, 2019 5(2023), 7 vom: 29. Juni (DE-627)103761139X (DE-600)2947292-1 2523-3971 nnns volume:5 year:2023 number:7 day:29 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-023-05413-9 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 5 2023 7 29 06
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author	Chimimba, Ellasy Gulule
spellingShingle	Chimimba, Ellasy Gulule misc CHIRPS misc Dry spell misc Dry spell length misc Return period misc Spatial distribution misc Malawi Characterisation of dry spells for agricultural applications in Malawi
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topic_title	Characterisation of dry spells for agricultural applications in Malawi CHIRPS (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dry spell (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dry spell length (dpeaa)DE-He213 Return period (dpeaa)DE-He213 Spatial distribution (dpeaa)DE-He213 Malawi (dpeaa)DE-He213
topic	misc CHIRPS misc Dry spell misc Dry spell length misc Return period misc Spatial distribution misc Malawi
topic_unstemmed	misc CHIRPS misc Dry spell misc Dry spell length misc Return period misc Spatial distribution misc Malawi
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title	Characterisation of dry spells for agricultural applications in Malawi
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title_full	Characterisation of dry spells for agricultural applications in Malawi
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author_browse	Chimimba, Ellasy Gulule Ngongondo, Cosmo Li, Chengxiu Minoungou, Bernard Monjerezi, Maurice Eneya, Levis
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title_sort	characterisation of dry spells for agricultural applications in malawi
title_auth	Characterisation of dry spells for agricultural applications in Malawi
abstract	Abstract Dry spells are one of the climate change hazards that continue to exert pressure on the agriculture sector, hence affecting food security. Understanding dry spell characteristics of an area helps in coming up with interventions and adaptive measures among other advantages. This study aimed at understanding characteristics of dry spells for Malawi by using climate hazards group infrared precipitation with stations precipitation data from 1981 to 2019. The study focused on the spatial distribution, maximum number of dry days, trend of maximum dry days and time of occurrence of dry spells. Data was analysed using Mann–Kendal trend analysis in R software. The results indicate a high number of occurrences of dry spells in the southern region than the other two regions of Malawi. In addition, the southern region experienced the highest maximum number of dry days. However, there is an upward trend for maximum days of dry spells in central region than all other regions. Local scale topographic influences on dry spell occurrence were also apparent. The study further established that the number of dry spell occurrence in the rainfall season starts to increase towards end of March. In this regard, although rainfall season in the study area is considered to be from November to April, the study recommends that growing season should be considered to be November to March so that crops are not affected by end of season dry spells which are common. Farmers should ensure that they plant crops that will mature with this growing period. Article highlights Analysis of dry spells over Malawi from 1981 to 2019 using CHIRPS identified areas prone to dry spells.There is an increase in trend of dry spells in centre with high number of occurrence in the south and that the spatial distribution and trends are influenced by topography, rainfall onset and cessation.Characteristics of dry spells informs optimal crop growing periods. © The Author(s) 2023. corrected publication 2023
abstractGer	Abstract Dry spells are one of the climate change hazards that continue to exert pressure on the agriculture sector, hence affecting food security. Understanding dry spell characteristics of an area helps in coming up with interventions and adaptive measures among other advantages. This study aimed at understanding characteristics of dry spells for Malawi by using climate hazards group infrared precipitation with stations precipitation data from 1981 to 2019. The study focused on the spatial distribution, maximum number of dry days, trend of maximum dry days and time of occurrence of dry spells. Data was analysed using Mann–Kendal trend analysis in R software. The results indicate a high number of occurrences of dry spells in the southern region than the other two regions of Malawi. In addition, the southern region experienced the highest maximum number of dry days. However, there is an upward trend for maximum days of dry spells in central region than all other regions. Local scale topographic influences on dry spell occurrence were also apparent. The study further established that the number of dry spell occurrence in the rainfall season starts to increase towards end of March. In this regard, although rainfall season in the study area is considered to be from November to April, the study recommends that growing season should be considered to be November to March so that crops are not affected by end of season dry spells which are common. Farmers should ensure that they plant crops that will mature with this growing period. Article highlights Analysis of dry spells over Malawi from 1981 to 2019 using CHIRPS identified areas prone to dry spells.There is an increase in trend of dry spells in centre with high number of occurrence in the south and that the spatial distribution and trends are influenced by topography, rainfall onset and cessation.Characteristics of dry spells informs optimal crop growing periods. © The Author(s) 2023. corrected publication 2023
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract Dry spells are one of the climate change hazards that continue to exert pressure on the agriculture sector, hence affecting food security. Understanding dry spell characteristics of an area helps in coming up with interventions and adaptive measures among other advantages. This study aimed at understanding characteristics of dry spells for Malawi by using climate hazards group infrared precipitation with stations precipitation data from 1981 to 2019. The study focused on the spatial distribution, maximum number of dry days, trend of maximum dry days and time of occurrence of dry spells. Data was analysed using Mann–Kendal trend analysis in R software. The results indicate a high number of occurrences of dry spells in the southern region than the other two regions of Malawi. In addition, the southern region experienced the highest maximum number of dry days. However, there is an upward trend for maximum days of dry spells in central region than all other regions. Local scale topographic influences on dry spell occurrence were also apparent. The study further established that the number of dry spell occurrence in the rainfall season starts to increase towards end of March. In this regard, although rainfall season in the study area is considered to be from November to April, the study recommends that growing season should be considered to be November to March so that crops are not affected by end of season dry spells which are common. Farmers should ensure that they plant crops that will mature with this growing period. Article highlights Analysis of dry spells over Malawi from 1981 to 2019 using CHIRPS identified areas prone to dry spells.There is an increase in trend of dry spells in centre with high number of occurrence in the south and that the spatial distribution and trends are influenced by topography, rainfall onset and cessation.Characteristics of dry spells informs optimal crop growing periods. © The Author(s) 2023. corrected publication 2023
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title_short	Characterisation of dry spells for agricultural applications in Malawi
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up_date	2024-07-04T01:16:42.420Z
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Understanding dry spell characteristics of an area helps in coming up with interventions and adaptive measures among other advantages. This study aimed at understanding characteristics of dry spells for Malawi by using climate hazards group infrared precipitation with stations precipitation data from 1981 to 2019. The study focused on the spatial distribution, maximum number of dry days, trend of maximum dry days and time of occurrence of dry spells. Data was analysed using Mann–Kendal trend analysis in R software. The results indicate a high number of occurrences of dry spells in the southern region than the other two regions of Malawi. In addition, the southern region experienced the highest maximum number of dry days. However, there is an upward trend for maximum days of dry spells in central region than all other regions. Local scale topographic influences on dry spell occurrence were also apparent. The study further established that the number of dry spell occurrence in the rainfall season starts to increase towards end of March. In this regard, although rainfall season in the study area is considered to be from November to April, the study recommends that growing season should be considered to be November to March so that crops are not affected by end of season dry spells which are common. Farmers should ensure that they plant crops that will mature with this growing period.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Article highlights Analysis of dry spells over Malawi from 1981 to 2019 using CHIRPS identified areas prone to dry spells.There is an increase in trend of dry spells in centre with high number of occurrence in the south and that the spatial distribution and trends are influenced by topography, rainfall onset and cessation.Characteristics of dry spells informs optimal crop growing periods.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">CHIRPS</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Dry spell</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Dry spell length</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Return period</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Spatial distribution</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Malawi</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Ngongondo, Cosmo</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Li, Chengxiu</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Minoungou, Bernard</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Monjerezi, Maurice</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Eneya, Levis</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Enthalten in</subfield><subfield code="t">SN applied sciences</subfield><subfield code="d">[Cham] : Springer International Publishing, 2019</subfield><subfield code="g">5(2023), 7 vom: 29. 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Characterisation of dry spells for agricultural applications in Malawi

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