Host-instar selection, interspecific competition, and reproductive capacity of extant and novel parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on Egyptian cotton leafworm

Background Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) and Microplitis rufiventris Kok. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) are larval endoparasitoids of Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) and S. littoralis (Boisd.), respectively. Cotesia marginiventris was introduced in Egypt to control the recent invasive pest, S. frugiper...
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Autor*in:	Hegazi, Esmat [verfasserIn] Khafagi, Wedad

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2024

Schlagwörter:	Instar preference Interspecific interaction

Anmerkung:	© The Author(s) 2024

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Egyptian journal of biological pest control - Cairo : ESBCP, 2008, 34(2024), 1 vom: 05. Feb.
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:34 ; year:2024 ; number:1 ; day:05 ; month:02

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1186/s41938-024-00770-y

Katalog-ID:	SPR054660890

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520			\|a Background Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) and Microplitis rufiventris Kok. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) are larval endoparasitoids of Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) and S. littoralis (Boisd.), respectively. Cotesia marginiventris was introduced in Egypt to control the recent invasive pest, S. frugiperda and local one, S. littoralis. Therefore, competition between the two parasitoid species may occur. Results When single females of C. marginiventris (Exp. 1), single females of M. rufiventris (Exp. 2), and one female each of C. marginiventris and M. rufiventris (Exp. 3) were offered a choice of 60 1st, 60 2nd, and 60 3rd instars, of the tested host species, S. littoralis and different parasitization levels were obtained. In the non-competitive context (Exps. 1, 2), all instars were parasitized, but C. marginiventris and M. rufiventris parasitized primarily 2nd and 3rd instar host larvae, respectively. In the competitive context (Exp. 3), the same preference pattern emerged but the percentage of parasitism was lower than in each of the two non-competitive contexts. Conclusions M. rufiventris appears to be a superior competitor when simultaneously exploiting the host with the other parasitoid species. The knowledge of this work can be used to predict and/or understand possible outcomes of a biological control program using the two biocontrol agents against one or the two pests species, and to gain insight into possible biotic interference between species at the same trophic level exploiting the same host. Graphical abstract
520			\|a Highlights Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) and Microplitis rufiventris Kok. parasitize young instars but differ in their degree of host selection instar of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.).Brood sex ratio (proportion of females), realized lifetime fecundity, and clutch size were relative positively to instar preference, 2nd instar for C. marginiventris, and 3rd instar for M. rufiventris.Extrinsic competition occurs between the two species, and M. rufiventris is typically the superior of the two species. Some parasitized hosts resulted from parasitization by single wasp species, produced no parasites and showed intrinsic completion
650		4	\|a Instar preference \|7 (dpeaa)DE-He213
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700	1		\|a Khafagi, Wedad \|4 aut
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allfields	10.1186/s41938-024-00770-y doi (DE-627)SPR054660890 (SPR)s41938-024-00770-y-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Hegazi, Esmat verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-2976-4085 aut Host-instar selection, interspecific competition, and reproductive capacity of extant and novel parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on Egyptian cotton leafworm 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Background Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) and Microplitis rufiventris Kok. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) are larval endoparasitoids of Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) and S. littoralis (Boisd.), respectively. Cotesia marginiventris was introduced in Egypt to control the recent invasive pest, S. frugiperda and local one, S. littoralis. Therefore, competition between the two parasitoid species may occur. Results When single females of C. marginiventris (Exp. 1), single females of M. rufiventris (Exp. 2), and one female each of C. marginiventris and M. rufiventris (Exp. 3) were offered a choice of 60 1st, 60 2nd, and 60 3rd instars, of the tested host species, S. littoralis and different parasitization levels were obtained. In the non-competitive context (Exps. 1, 2), all instars were parasitized, but C. marginiventris and M. rufiventris parasitized primarily 2nd and 3rd instar host larvae, respectively. In the competitive context (Exp. 3), the same preference pattern emerged but the percentage of parasitism was lower than in each of the two non-competitive contexts. Conclusions M. rufiventris appears to be a superior competitor when simultaneously exploiting the host with the other parasitoid species. The knowledge of this work can be used to predict and/or understand possible outcomes of a biological control program using the two biocontrol agents against one or the two pests species, and to gain insight into possible biotic interference between species at the same trophic level exploiting the same host. Graphical abstract Highlights Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) and Microplitis rufiventris Kok. parasitize young instars but differ in their degree of host selection instar of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.).Brood sex ratio (proportion of females), realized lifetime fecundity, and clutch size were relative positively to instar preference, 2nd instar for C. marginiventris, and 3rd instar for M. rufiventris.Extrinsic competition occurs between the two species, and M. rufiventris is typically the superior of the two species. Some parasitized hosts resulted from parasitization by single wasp species, produced no parasites and showed intrinsic completion Instar preference (dpeaa)DE-He213 Interspecific interaction (dpeaa)DE-He213 Khafagi, Wedad aut Enthalten in Egyptian journal of biological pest control Cairo : ESBCP, 2008 34(2024), 1 vom: 05. Feb. (DE-627)633752584 (DE-600)2568848-0 2536-9342 nnns volume:34 year:2024 number:1 day:05 month:02 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41938-024-00770-y kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 34 2024 1 05 02
spelling	10.1186/s41938-024-00770-y doi (DE-627)SPR054660890 (SPR)s41938-024-00770-y-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Hegazi, Esmat verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-2976-4085 aut Host-instar selection, interspecific competition, and reproductive capacity of extant and novel parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on Egyptian cotton leafworm 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Background Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) and Microplitis rufiventris Kok. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) are larval endoparasitoids of Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) and S. littoralis (Boisd.), respectively. Cotesia marginiventris was introduced in Egypt to control the recent invasive pest, S. frugiperda and local one, S. littoralis. Therefore, competition between the two parasitoid species may occur. Results When single females of C. marginiventris (Exp. 1), single females of M. rufiventris (Exp. 2), and one female each of C. marginiventris and M. rufiventris (Exp. 3) were offered a choice of 60 1st, 60 2nd, and 60 3rd instars, of the tested host species, S. littoralis and different parasitization levels were obtained. In the non-competitive context (Exps. 1, 2), all instars were parasitized, but C. marginiventris and M. rufiventris parasitized primarily 2nd and 3rd instar host larvae, respectively. In the competitive context (Exp. 3), the same preference pattern emerged but the percentage of parasitism was lower than in each of the two non-competitive contexts. Conclusions M. rufiventris appears to be a superior competitor when simultaneously exploiting the host with the other parasitoid species. The knowledge of this work can be used to predict and/or understand possible outcomes of a biological control program using the two biocontrol agents against one or the two pests species, and to gain insight into possible biotic interference between species at the same trophic level exploiting the same host. Graphical abstract Highlights Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) and Microplitis rufiventris Kok. parasitize young instars but differ in their degree of host selection instar of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.).Brood sex ratio (proportion of females), realized lifetime fecundity, and clutch size were relative positively to instar preference, 2nd instar for C. marginiventris, and 3rd instar for M. rufiventris.Extrinsic competition occurs between the two species, and M. rufiventris is typically the superior of the two species. Some parasitized hosts resulted from parasitization by single wasp species, produced no parasites and showed intrinsic completion Instar preference (dpeaa)DE-He213 Interspecific interaction (dpeaa)DE-He213 Khafagi, Wedad aut Enthalten in Egyptian journal of biological pest control Cairo : ESBCP, 2008 34(2024), 1 vom: 05. Feb. (DE-627)633752584 (DE-600)2568848-0 2536-9342 nnns volume:34 year:2024 number:1 day:05 month:02 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41938-024-00770-y kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 34 2024 1 05 02
allfields_unstemmed	10.1186/s41938-024-00770-y doi (DE-627)SPR054660890 (SPR)s41938-024-00770-y-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Hegazi, Esmat verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-2976-4085 aut Host-instar selection, interspecific competition, and reproductive capacity of extant and novel parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on Egyptian cotton leafworm 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Background Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) and Microplitis rufiventris Kok. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) are larval endoparasitoids of Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) and S. littoralis (Boisd.), respectively. Cotesia marginiventris was introduced in Egypt to control the recent invasive pest, S. frugiperda and local one, S. littoralis. Therefore, competition between the two parasitoid species may occur. Results When single females of C. marginiventris (Exp. 1), single females of M. rufiventris (Exp. 2), and one female each of C. marginiventris and M. rufiventris (Exp. 3) were offered a choice of 60 1st, 60 2nd, and 60 3rd instars, of the tested host species, S. littoralis and different parasitization levels were obtained. In the non-competitive context (Exps. 1, 2), all instars were parasitized, but C. marginiventris and M. rufiventris parasitized primarily 2nd and 3rd instar host larvae, respectively. In the competitive context (Exp. 3), the same preference pattern emerged but the percentage of parasitism was lower than in each of the two non-competitive contexts. Conclusions M. rufiventris appears to be a superior competitor when simultaneously exploiting the host with the other parasitoid species. The knowledge of this work can be used to predict and/or understand possible outcomes of a biological control program using the two biocontrol agents against one or the two pests species, and to gain insight into possible biotic interference between species at the same trophic level exploiting the same host. Graphical abstract Highlights Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) and Microplitis rufiventris Kok. parasitize young instars but differ in their degree of host selection instar of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.).Brood sex ratio (proportion of females), realized lifetime fecundity, and clutch size were relative positively to instar preference, 2nd instar for C. marginiventris, and 3rd instar for M. rufiventris.Extrinsic competition occurs between the two species, and M. rufiventris is typically the superior of the two species. Some parasitized hosts resulted from parasitization by single wasp species, produced no parasites and showed intrinsic completion Instar preference (dpeaa)DE-He213 Interspecific interaction (dpeaa)DE-He213 Khafagi, Wedad aut Enthalten in Egyptian journal of biological pest control Cairo : ESBCP, 2008 34(2024), 1 vom: 05. Feb. (DE-627)633752584 (DE-600)2568848-0 2536-9342 nnns volume:34 year:2024 number:1 day:05 month:02 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41938-024-00770-y kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 34 2024 1 05 02
allfieldsGer	10.1186/s41938-024-00770-y doi (DE-627)SPR054660890 (SPR)s41938-024-00770-y-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Hegazi, Esmat verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-2976-4085 aut Host-instar selection, interspecific competition, and reproductive capacity of extant and novel parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on Egyptian cotton leafworm 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Background Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) and Microplitis rufiventris Kok. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) are larval endoparasitoids of Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) and S. littoralis (Boisd.), respectively. Cotesia marginiventris was introduced in Egypt to control the recent invasive pest, S. frugiperda and local one, S. littoralis. Therefore, competition between the two parasitoid species may occur. Results When single females of C. marginiventris (Exp. 1), single females of M. rufiventris (Exp. 2), and one female each of C. marginiventris and M. rufiventris (Exp. 3) were offered a choice of 60 1st, 60 2nd, and 60 3rd instars, of the tested host species, S. littoralis and different parasitization levels were obtained. In the non-competitive context (Exps. 1, 2), all instars were parasitized, but C. marginiventris and M. rufiventris parasitized primarily 2nd and 3rd instar host larvae, respectively. In the competitive context (Exp. 3), the same preference pattern emerged but the percentage of parasitism was lower than in each of the two non-competitive contexts. Conclusions M. rufiventris appears to be a superior competitor when simultaneously exploiting the host with the other parasitoid species. The knowledge of this work can be used to predict and/or understand possible outcomes of a biological control program using the two biocontrol agents against one or the two pests species, and to gain insight into possible biotic interference between species at the same trophic level exploiting the same host. Graphical abstract Highlights Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) and Microplitis rufiventris Kok. parasitize young instars but differ in their degree of host selection instar of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.).Brood sex ratio (proportion of females), realized lifetime fecundity, and clutch size were relative positively to instar preference, 2nd instar for C. marginiventris, and 3rd instar for M. rufiventris.Extrinsic competition occurs between the two species, and M. rufiventris is typically the superior of the two species. Some parasitized hosts resulted from parasitization by single wasp species, produced no parasites and showed intrinsic completion Instar preference (dpeaa)DE-He213 Interspecific interaction (dpeaa)DE-He213 Khafagi, Wedad aut Enthalten in Egyptian journal of biological pest control Cairo : ESBCP, 2008 34(2024), 1 vom: 05. Feb. (DE-627)633752584 (DE-600)2568848-0 2536-9342 nnns volume:34 year:2024 number:1 day:05 month:02 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41938-024-00770-y kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 34 2024 1 05 02
allfieldsSound	10.1186/s41938-024-00770-y doi (DE-627)SPR054660890 (SPR)s41938-024-00770-y-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Hegazi, Esmat verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-2976-4085 aut Host-instar selection, interspecific competition, and reproductive capacity of extant and novel parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on Egyptian cotton leafworm 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Background Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) and Microplitis rufiventris Kok. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) are larval endoparasitoids of Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) and S. littoralis (Boisd.), respectively. Cotesia marginiventris was introduced in Egypt to control the recent invasive pest, S. frugiperda and local one, S. littoralis. Therefore, competition between the two parasitoid species may occur. Results When single females of C. marginiventris (Exp. 1), single females of M. rufiventris (Exp. 2), and one female each of C. marginiventris and M. rufiventris (Exp. 3) were offered a choice of 60 1st, 60 2nd, and 60 3rd instars, of the tested host species, S. littoralis and different parasitization levels were obtained. In the non-competitive context (Exps. 1, 2), all instars were parasitized, but C. marginiventris and M. rufiventris parasitized primarily 2nd and 3rd instar host larvae, respectively. In the competitive context (Exp. 3), the same preference pattern emerged but the percentage of parasitism was lower than in each of the two non-competitive contexts. Conclusions M. rufiventris appears to be a superior competitor when simultaneously exploiting the host with the other parasitoid species. The knowledge of this work can be used to predict and/or understand possible outcomes of a biological control program using the two biocontrol agents against one or the two pests species, and to gain insight into possible biotic interference between species at the same trophic level exploiting the same host. Graphical abstract Highlights Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) and Microplitis rufiventris Kok. parasitize young instars but differ in their degree of host selection instar of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.).Brood sex ratio (proportion of females), realized lifetime fecundity, and clutch size were relative positively to instar preference, 2nd instar for C. marginiventris, and 3rd instar for M. rufiventris.Extrinsic competition occurs between the two species, and M. rufiventris is typically the superior of the two species. Some parasitized hosts resulted from parasitization by single wasp species, produced no parasites and showed intrinsic completion Instar preference (dpeaa)DE-He213 Interspecific interaction (dpeaa)DE-He213 Khafagi, Wedad aut Enthalten in Egyptian journal of biological pest control Cairo : ESBCP, 2008 34(2024), 1 vom: 05. Feb. (DE-627)633752584 (DE-600)2568848-0 2536-9342 nnns volume:34 year:2024 number:1 day:05 month:02 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41938-024-00770-y kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 34 2024 1 05 02
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author	Hegazi, Esmat
spellingShingle	Hegazi, Esmat misc Instar preference misc Interspecific interaction Host-instar selection, interspecific competition, and reproductive capacity of extant and novel parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on Egyptian cotton leafworm
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title_full	Host-instar selection, interspecific competition, and reproductive capacity of extant and novel parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on Egyptian cotton leafworm
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author_browse	Hegazi, Esmat Khafagi, Wedad
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format_se	Elektronische Aufsätze
author-letter	Hegazi, Esmat
doi_str_mv	10.1186/s41938-024-00770-y
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title_sort	host-instar selection, interspecific competition, and reproductive capacity of extant and novel parasitoids (hymenoptera: braconidae) on egyptian cotton leafworm
title_auth	Host-instar selection, interspecific competition, and reproductive capacity of extant and novel parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on Egyptian cotton leafworm
abstract	Background Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) and Microplitis rufiventris Kok. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) are larval endoparasitoids of Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) and S. littoralis (Boisd.), respectively. Cotesia marginiventris was introduced in Egypt to control the recent invasive pest, S. frugiperda and local one, S. littoralis. Therefore, competition between the two parasitoid species may occur. Results When single females of C. marginiventris (Exp. 1), single females of M. rufiventris (Exp. 2), and one female each of C. marginiventris and M. rufiventris (Exp. 3) were offered a choice of 60 1st, 60 2nd, and 60 3rd instars, of the tested host species, S. littoralis and different parasitization levels were obtained. In the non-competitive context (Exps. 1, 2), all instars were parasitized, but C. marginiventris and M. rufiventris parasitized primarily 2nd and 3rd instar host larvae, respectively. In the competitive context (Exp. 3), the same preference pattern emerged but the percentage of parasitism was lower than in each of the two non-competitive contexts. Conclusions M. rufiventris appears to be a superior competitor when simultaneously exploiting the host with the other parasitoid species. The knowledge of this work can be used to predict and/or understand possible outcomes of a biological control program using the two biocontrol agents against one or the two pests species, and to gain insight into possible biotic interference between species at the same trophic level exploiting the same host. Graphical abstract Highlights Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) and Microplitis rufiventris Kok. parasitize young instars but differ in their degree of host selection instar of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.).Brood sex ratio (proportion of females), realized lifetime fecundity, and clutch size were relative positively to instar preference, 2nd instar for C. marginiventris, and 3rd instar for M. rufiventris.Extrinsic competition occurs between the two species, and M. rufiventris is typically the superior of the two species. Some parasitized hosts resulted from parasitization by single wasp species, produced no parasites and showed intrinsic completion © The Author(s) 2024
abstractGer	Background Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) and Microplitis rufiventris Kok. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) are larval endoparasitoids of Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) and S. littoralis (Boisd.), respectively. Cotesia marginiventris was introduced in Egypt to control the recent invasive pest, S. frugiperda and local one, S. littoralis. Therefore, competition between the two parasitoid species may occur. Results When single females of C. marginiventris (Exp. 1), single females of M. rufiventris (Exp. 2), and one female each of C. marginiventris and M. rufiventris (Exp. 3) were offered a choice of 60 1st, 60 2nd, and 60 3rd instars, of the tested host species, S. littoralis and different parasitization levels were obtained. In the non-competitive context (Exps. 1, 2), all instars were parasitized, but C. marginiventris and M. rufiventris parasitized primarily 2nd and 3rd instar host larvae, respectively. In the competitive context (Exp. 3), the same preference pattern emerged but the percentage of parasitism was lower than in each of the two non-competitive contexts. Conclusions M. rufiventris appears to be a superior competitor when simultaneously exploiting the host with the other parasitoid species. The knowledge of this work can be used to predict and/or understand possible outcomes of a biological control program using the two biocontrol agents against one or the two pests species, and to gain insight into possible biotic interference between species at the same trophic level exploiting the same host. Graphical abstract Highlights Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) and Microplitis rufiventris Kok. parasitize young instars but differ in their degree of host selection instar of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.).Brood sex ratio (proportion of females), realized lifetime fecundity, and clutch size were relative positively to instar preference, 2nd instar for C. marginiventris, and 3rd instar for M. rufiventris.Extrinsic competition occurs between the two species, and M. rufiventris is typically the superior of the two species. Some parasitized hosts resulted from parasitization by single wasp species, produced no parasites and showed intrinsic completion © The Author(s) 2024
abstract_unstemmed	Background Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) and Microplitis rufiventris Kok. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) are larval endoparasitoids of Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) and S. littoralis (Boisd.), respectively. Cotesia marginiventris was introduced in Egypt to control the recent invasive pest, S. frugiperda and local one, S. littoralis. Therefore, competition between the two parasitoid species may occur. Results When single females of C. marginiventris (Exp. 1), single females of M. rufiventris (Exp. 2), and one female each of C. marginiventris and M. rufiventris (Exp. 3) were offered a choice of 60 1st, 60 2nd, and 60 3rd instars, of the tested host species, S. littoralis and different parasitization levels were obtained. In the non-competitive context (Exps. 1, 2), all instars were parasitized, but C. marginiventris and M. rufiventris parasitized primarily 2nd and 3rd instar host larvae, respectively. In the competitive context (Exp. 3), the same preference pattern emerged but the percentage of parasitism was lower than in each of the two non-competitive contexts. Conclusions M. rufiventris appears to be a superior competitor when simultaneously exploiting the host with the other parasitoid species. The knowledge of this work can be used to predict and/or understand possible outcomes of a biological control program using the two biocontrol agents against one or the two pests species, and to gain insight into possible biotic interference between species at the same trophic level exploiting the same host. Graphical abstract Highlights Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) and Microplitis rufiventris Kok. parasitize young instars but differ in their degree of host selection instar of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.).Brood sex ratio (proportion of females), realized lifetime fecundity, and clutch size were relative positively to instar preference, 2nd instar for C. marginiventris, and 3rd instar for M. rufiventris.Extrinsic competition occurs between the two species, and M. rufiventris is typically the superior of the two species. Some parasitized hosts resulted from parasitization by single wasp species, produced no parasites and showed intrinsic completion © The Author(s) 2024
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title_short	Host-instar selection, interspecific competition, and reproductive capacity of extant and novel parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on Egyptian cotton leafworm
url	https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41938-024-00770-y
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Host-instar selection, interspecific competition, and reproductive capacity of extant and novel parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on Egyptian cotton leafworm

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