Prefrontal cortex activation while walking did not change but gait speed improved after a randomized physical therapy intervention

Background Higher prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation while walking may indicate reduced gait automaticity. Aim We examine whether PFC activation during walking improves after training in older adults at risk for mobility disability. Methods Forty-two adults aged ≥ 65 participated in a randomized cli...
Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Rosso, Andrea L. [verfasserIn] Baillargeon, Emma M. Perera, Subashan VanSwearingen, Jessie Rosano, Caterina Huppert, Theodore J. Brach, Jennifer S.

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2024

Schlagwörter:	Gait Aging Dual-task Prefrontal cortex Functional near-infrared spectroscopy Physical therapy Clinical trial

Anmerkung:	© The Author(s) 2024

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Aging clinical and experimental research - Berlin : Heidelberg : Springer, 2002, 36(2024), 1 vom: 17. Feb.
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:36 ; year:2024 ; number:1 ; day:17 ; month:02

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1007/s40520-023-02666-7

Katalog-ID:	SPR054813425

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520			\|a Background Higher prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation while walking may indicate reduced gait automaticity. Aim We examine whether PFC activation during walking improves after training in older adults at risk for mobility disability. Methods Forty-two adults aged ≥ 65 participated in a randomized clinical trial (NCT026637780) of a 12-week timing and coordination physical therapy intervention to improve walking (n = 20 intervention, n = 22 active control). PFC activation was measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during four walking tasks over 15 m, each repeated 4 times: even surface walking, uneven surface walking, even dual-task, uneven dual-task; dual-task was reciting every other letter of the alphabet while walking. Gait speed and rate of correct letter generation were recorded. Linear mixed models tested between arm differences in change of fNIRS, gait speed, and letter generation from baseline to follow-up (12-week, 24-week, and 36-week). Results Intervention arms were similar in mean age (74.3 vs. 77.0) and baseline gait speed (0.96 vs. 0.93 m/s). Of 24 comparisons of between arm differences in the fNIRS signals, only two were significant which were not supported by differences at other follow-up times or on other tasks. Gait speed, particularly during dual-task conditions, and correct letter generation did improve post-intervention but improvements did not differ by arm. Discussion and Conclusions After training, PFC activation during walking generally did not improve and did not differ by intervention arm. Improvements in gait speed without increased PFC activation may point toward more efficient neural control of walking.
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allfields	10.1007/s40520-023-02666-7 doi (DE-627)SPR054813425 (SPR)s40520-023-02666-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Rosso, Andrea L. verfasserin aut Prefrontal cortex activation while walking did not change but gait speed improved after a randomized physical therapy intervention 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Background Higher prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation while walking may indicate reduced gait automaticity. Aim We examine whether PFC activation during walking improves after training in older adults at risk for mobility disability. Methods Forty-two adults aged ≥ 65 participated in a randomized clinical trial (NCT026637780) of a 12-week timing and coordination physical therapy intervention to improve walking (n = 20 intervention, n = 22 active control). PFC activation was measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during four walking tasks over 15 m, each repeated 4 times: even surface walking, uneven surface walking, even dual-task, uneven dual-task; dual-task was reciting every other letter of the alphabet while walking. Gait speed and rate of correct letter generation were recorded. Linear mixed models tested between arm differences in change of fNIRS, gait speed, and letter generation from baseline to follow-up (12-week, 24-week, and 36-week). Results Intervention arms were similar in mean age (74.3 vs. 77.0) and baseline gait speed (0.96 vs. 0.93 m/s). Of 24 comparisons of between arm differences in the fNIRS signals, only two were significant which were not supported by differences at other follow-up times or on other tasks. Gait speed, particularly during dual-task conditions, and correct letter generation did improve post-intervention but improvements did not differ by arm. Discussion and Conclusions After training, PFC activation during walking generally did not improve and did not differ by intervention arm. Improvements in gait speed without increased PFC activation may point toward more efficient neural control of walking. Gait (dpeaa)DE-He213 Aging (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dual-task (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prefrontal cortex (dpeaa)DE-He213 Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Physical therapy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Clinical trial (dpeaa)DE-He213 Baillargeon, Emma M. aut Perera, Subashan aut VanSwearingen, Jessie aut Rosano, Caterina aut Huppert, Theodore J. aut Brach, Jennifer S. aut Enthalten in Aging clinical and experimental research Berlin : Heidelberg : Springer, 2002 36(2024), 1 vom: 17. Feb. (DE-627)369554930 (DE-600)2119282-0 1720-8319 nnns volume:36 year:2024 number:1 day:17 month:02 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40520-023-02666-7 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 36 2024 1 17 02
spelling	10.1007/s40520-023-02666-7 doi (DE-627)SPR054813425 (SPR)s40520-023-02666-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Rosso, Andrea L. verfasserin aut Prefrontal cortex activation while walking did not change but gait speed improved after a randomized physical therapy intervention 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Background Higher prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation while walking may indicate reduced gait automaticity. Aim We examine whether PFC activation during walking improves after training in older adults at risk for mobility disability. Methods Forty-two adults aged ≥ 65 participated in a randomized clinical trial (NCT026637780) of a 12-week timing and coordination physical therapy intervention to improve walking (n = 20 intervention, n = 22 active control). PFC activation was measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during four walking tasks over 15 m, each repeated 4 times: even surface walking, uneven surface walking, even dual-task, uneven dual-task; dual-task was reciting every other letter of the alphabet while walking. Gait speed and rate of correct letter generation were recorded. Linear mixed models tested between arm differences in change of fNIRS, gait speed, and letter generation from baseline to follow-up (12-week, 24-week, and 36-week). Results Intervention arms were similar in mean age (74.3 vs. 77.0) and baseline gait speed (0.96 vs. 0.93 m/s). Of 24 comparisons of between arm differences in the fNIRS signals, only two were significant which were not supported by differences at other follow-up times or on other tasks. Gait speed, particularly during dual-task conditions, and correct letter generation did improve post-intervention but improvements did not differ by arm. Discussion and Conclusions After training, PFC activation during walking generally did not improve and did not differ by intervention arm. Improvements in gait speed without increased PFC activation may point toward more efficient neural control of walking. Gait (dpeaa)DE-He213 Aging (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dual-task (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prefrontal cortex (dpeaa)DE-He213 Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Physical therapy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Clinical trial (dpeaa)DE-He213 Baillargeon, Emma M. aut Perera, Subashan aut VanSwearingen, Jessie aut Rosano, Caterina aut Huppert, Theodore J. aut Brach, Jennifer S. aut Enthalten in Aging clinical and experimental research Berlin : Heidelberg : Springer, 2002 36(2024), 1 vom: 17. Feb. (DE-627)369554930 (DE-600)2119282-0 1720-8319 nnns volume:36 year:2024 number:1 day:17 month:02 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40520-023-02666-7 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 36 2024 1 17 02
allfields_unstemmed	10.1007/s40520-023-02666-7 doi (DE-627)SPR054813425 (SPR)s40520-023-02666-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Rosso, Andrea L. verfasserin aut Prefrontal cortex activation while walking did not change but gait speed improved after a randomized physical therapy intervention 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Background Higher prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation while walking may indicate reduced gait automaticity. Aim We examine whether PFC activation during walking improves after training in older adults at risk for mobility disability. Methods Forty-two adults aged ≥ 65 participated in a randomized clinical trial (NCT026637780) of a 12-week timing and coordination physical therapy intervention to improve walking (n = 20 intervention, n = 22 active control). PFC activation was measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during four walking tasks over 15 m, each repeated 4 times: even surface walking, uneven surface walking, even dual-task, uneven dual-task; dual-task was reciting every other letter of the alphabet while walking. Gait speed and rate of correct letter generation were recorded. Linear mixed models tested between arm differences in change of fNIRS, gait speed, and letter generation from baseline to follow-up (12-week, 24-week, and 36-week). Results Intervention arms were similar in mean age (74.3 vs. 77.0) and baseline gait speed (0.96 vs. 0.93 m/s). Of 24 comparisons of between arm differences in the fNIRS signals, only two were significant which were not supported by differences at other follow-up times or on other tasks. Gait speed, particularly during dual-task conditions, and correct letter generation did improve post-intervention but improvements did not differ by arm. Discussion and Conclusions After training, PFC activation during walking generally did not improve and did not differ by intervention arm. Improvements in gait speed without increased PFC activation may point toward more efficient neural control of walking. Gait (dpeaa)DE-He213 Aging (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dual-task (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prefrontal cortex (dpeaa)DE-He213 Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Physical therapy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Clinical trial (dpeaa)DE-He213 Baillargeon, Emma M. aut Perera, Subashan aut VanSwearingen, Jessie aut Rosano, Caterina aut Huppert, Theodore J. aut Brach, Jennifer S. aut Enthalten in Aging clinical and experimental research Berlin : Heidelberg : Springer, 2002 36(2024), 1 vom: 17. Feb. (DE-627)369554930 (DE-600)2119282-0 1720-8319 nnns volume:36 year:2024 number:1 day:17 month:02 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40520-023-02666-7 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 36 2024 1 17 02
allfieldsGer	10.1007/s40520-023-02666-7 doi (DE-627)SPR054813425 (SPR)s40520-023-02666-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Rosso, Andrea L. verfasserin aut Prefrontal cortex activation while walking did not change but gait speed improved after a randomized physical therapy intervention 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Background Higher prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation while walking may indicate reduced gait automaticity. Aim We examine whether PFC activation during walking improves after training in older adults at risk for mobility disability. Methods Forty-two adults aged ≥ 65 participated in a randomized clinical trial (NCT026637780) of a 12-week timing and coordination physical therapy intervention to improve walking (n = 20 intervention, n = 22 active control). PFC activation was measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during four walking tasks over 15 m, each repeated 4 times: even surface walking, uneven surface walking, even dual-task, uneven dual-task; dual-task was reciting every other letter of the alphabet while walking. Gait speed and rate of correct letter generation were recorded. Linear mixed models tested between arm differences in change of fNIRS, gait speed, and letter generation from baseline to follow-up (12-week, 24-week, and 36-week). Results Intervention arms were similar in mean age (74.3 vs. 77.0) and baseline gait speed (0.96 vs. 0.93 m/s). Of 24 comparisons of between arm differences in the fNIRS signals, only two were significant which were not supported by differences at other follow-up times or on other tasks. Gait speed, particularly during dual-task conditions, and correct letter generation did improve post-intervention but improvements did not differ by arm. Discussion and Conclusions After training, PFC activation during walking generally did not improve and did not differ by intervention arm. Improvements in gait speed without increased PFC activation may point toward more efficient neural control of walking. Gait (dpeaa)DE-He213 Aging (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dual-task (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prefrontal cortex (dpeaa)DE-He213 Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Physical therapy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Clinical trial (dpeaa)DE-He213 Baillargeon, Emma M. aut Perera, Subashan aut VanSwearingen, Jessie aut Rosano, Caterina aut Huppert, Theodore J. aut Brach, Jennifer S. aut Enthalten in Aging clinical and experimental research Berlin : Heidelberg : Springer, 2002 36(2024), 1 vom: 17. Feb. (DE-627)369554930 (DE-600)2119282-0 1720-8319 nnns volume:36 year:2024 number:1 day:17 month:02 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40520-023-02666-7 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 36 2024 1 17 02
allfieldsSound	10.1007/s40520-023-02666-7 doi (DE-627)SPR054813425 (SPR)s40520-023-02666-7-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Rosso, Andrea L. verfasserin aut Prefrontal cortex activation while walking did not change but gait speed improved after a randomized physical therapy intervention 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Background Higher prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation while walking may indicate reduced gait automaticity. Aim We examine whether PFC activation during walking improves after training in older adults at risk for mobility disability. Methods Forty-two adults aged ≥ 65 participated in a randomized clinical trial (NCT026637780) of a 12-week timing and coordination physical therapy intervention to improve walking (n = 20 intervention, n = 22 active control). PFC activation was measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during four walking tasks over 15 m, each repeated 4 times: even surface walking, uneven surface walking, even dual-task, uneven dual-task; dual-task was reciting every other letter of the alphabet while walking. Gait speed and rate of correct letter generation were recorded. Linear mixed models tested between arm differences in change of fNIRS, gait speed, and letter generation from baseline to follow-up (12-week, 24-week, and 36-week). Results Intervention arms were similar in mean age (74.3 vs. 77.0) and baseline gait speed (0.96 vs. 0.93 m/s). Of 24 comparisons of between arm differences in the fNIRS signals, only two were significant which were not supported by differences at other follow-up times or on other tasks. Gait speed, particularly during dual-task conditions, and correct letter generation did improve post-intervention but improvements did not differ by arm. Discussion and Conclusions After training, PFC activation during walking generally did not improve and did not differ by intervention arm. Improvements in gait speed without increased PFC activation may point toward more efficient neural control of walking. Gait (dpeaa)DE-He213 Aging (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dual-task (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prefrontal cortex (dpeaa)DE-He213 Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Physical therapy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Clinical trial (dpeaa)DE-He213 Baillargeon, Emma M. aut Perera, Subashan aut VanSwearingen, Jessie aut Rosano, Caterina aut Huppert, Theodore J. aut Brach, Jennifer S. aut Enthalten in Aging clinical and experimental research Berlin : Heidelberg : Springer, 2002 36(2024), 1 vom: 17. Feb. (DE-627)369554930 (DE-600)2119282-0 1720-8319 nnns volume:36 year:2024 number:1 day:17 month:02 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40520-023-02666-7 kostenfrei Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 36 2024 1 17 02
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author	Rosso, Andrea L.
spellingShingle	Rosso, Andrea L. misc Gait misc Aging misc Dual-task misc Prefrontal cortex misc Functional near-infrared spectroscopy misc Physical therapy misc Clinical trial Prefrontal cortex activation while walking did not change but gait speed improved after a randomized physical therapy intervention
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topic_title	Prefrontal cortex activation while walking did not change but gait speed improved after a randomized physical therapy intervention Gait (dpeaa)DE-He213 Aging (dpeaa)DE-He213 Dual-task (dpeaa)DE-He213 Prefrontal cortex (dpeaa)DE-He213 Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Physical therapy (dpeaa)DE-He213 Clinical trial (dpeaa)DE-He213
topic	misc Gait misc Aging misc Dual-task misc Prefrontal cortex misc Functional near-infrared spectroscopy misc Physical therapy misc Clinical trial
topic_unstemmed	misc Gait misc Aging misc Dual-task misc Prefrontal cortex misc Functional near-infrared spectroscopy misc Physical therapy misc Clinical trial
topic_browse	misc Gait misc Aging misc Dual-task misc Prefrontal cortex misc Functional near-infrared spectroscopy misc Physical therapy misc Clinical trial
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title	Prefrontal cortex activation while walking did not change but gait speed improved after a randomized physical therapy intervention
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title_full	Prefrontal cortex activation while walking did not change but gait speed improved after a randomized physical therapy intervention
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author_browse	Rosso, Andrea L. Baillargeon, Emma M. Perera, Subashan VanSwearingen, Jessie Rosano, Caterina Huppert, Theodore J. Brach, Jennifer S.
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title_sort	prefrontal cortex activation while walking did not change but gait speed improved after a randomized physical therapy intervention
title_auth	Prefrontal cortex activation while walking did not change but gait speed improved after a randomized physical therapy intervention
abstract	Background Higher prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation while walking may indicate reduced gait automaticity. Aim We examine whether PFC activation during walking improves after training in older adults at risk for mobility disability. Methods Forty-two adults aged ≥ 65 participated in a randomized clinical trial (NCT026637780) of a 12-week timing and coordination physical therapy intervention to improve walking (n = 20 intervention, n = 22 active control). PFC activation was measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during four walking tasks over 15 m, each repeated 4 times: even surface walking, uneven surface walking, even dual-task, uneven dual-task; dual-task was reciting every other letter of the alphabet while walking. Gait speed and rate of correct letter generation were recorded. Linear mixed models tested between arm differences in change of fNIRS, gait speed, and letter generation from baseline to follow-up (12-week, 24-week, and 36-week). Results Intervention arms were similar in mean age (74.3 vs. 77.0) and baseline gait speed (0.96 vs. 0.93 m/s). Of 24 comparisons of between arm differences in the fNIRS signals, only two were significant which were not supported by differences at other follow-up times or on other tasks. Gait speed, particularly during dual-task conditions, and correct letter generation did improve post-intervention but improvements did not differ by arm. Discussion and Conclusions After training, PFC activation during walking generally did not improve and did not differ by intervention arm. Improvements in gait speed without increased PFC activation may point toward more efficient neural control of walking. © The Author(s) 2024
abstractGer	Background Higher prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation while walking may indicate reduced gait automaticity. Aim We examine whether PFC activation during walking improves after training in older adults at risk for mobility disability. Methods Forty-two adults aged ≥ 65 participated in a randomized clinical trial (NCT026637780) of a 12-week timing and coordination physical therapy intervention to improve walking (n = 20 intervention, n = 22 active control). PFC activation was measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during four walking tasks over 15 m, each repeated 4 times: even surface walking, uneven surface walking, even dual-task, uneven dual-task; dual-task was reciting every other letter of the alphabet while walking. Gait speed and rate of correct letter generation were recorded. Linear mixed models tested between arm differences in change of fNIRS, gait speed, and letter generation from baseline to follow-up (12-week, 24-week, and 36-week). Results Intervention arms were similar in mean age (74.3 vs. 77.0) and baseline gait speed (0.96 vs. 0.93 m/s). Of 24 comparisons of between arm differences in the fNIRS signals, only two were significant which were not supported by differences at other follow-up times or on other tasks. Gait speed, particularly during dual-task conditions, and correct letter generation did improve post-intervention but improvements did not differ by arm. Discussion and Conclusions After training, PFC activation during walking generally did not improve and did not differ by intervention arm. Improvements in gait speed without increased PFC activation may point toward more efficient neural control of walking. © The Author(s) 2024
abstract_unstemmed	Background Higher prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation while walking may indicate reduced gait automaticity. Aim We examine whether PFC activation during walking improves after training in older adults at risk for mobility disability. Methods Forty-two adults aged ≥ 65 participated in a randomized clinical trial (NCT026637780) of a 12-week timing and coordination physical therapy intervention to improve walking (n = 20 intervention, n = 22 active control). PFC activation was measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during four walking tasks over 15 m, each repeated 4 times: even surface walking, uneven surface walking, even dual-task, uneven dual-task; dual-task was reciting every other letter of the alphabet while walking. Gait speed and rate of correct letter generation were recorded. Linear mixed models tested between arm differences in change of fNIRS, gait speed, and letter generation from baseline to follow-up (12-week, 24-week, and 36-week). Results Intervention arms were similar in mean age (74.3 vs. 77.0) and baseline gait speed (0.96 vs. 0.93 m/s). Of 24 comparisons of between arm differences in the fNIRS signals, only two were significant which were not supported by differences at other follow-up times or on other tasks. Gait speed, particularly during dual-task conditions, and correct letter generation did improve post-intervention but improvements did not differ by arm. Discussion and Conclusions After training, PFC activation during walking generally did not improve and did not differ by intervention arm. Improvements in gait speed without increased PFC activation may point toward more efficient neural control of walking. © The Author(s) 2024
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title_short	Prefrontal cortex activation while walking did not change but gait speed improved after a randomized physical therapy intervention
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author2	Baillargeon, Emma M. Perera, Subashan VanSwearingen, Jessie Rosano, Caterina Huppert, Theodore J. Brach, Jennifer S.
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up_date	2024-07-04T03:06:46.834Z
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Aim We examine whether PFC activation during walking improves after training in older adults at risk for mobility disability. Methods Forty-two adults aged ≥ 65 participated in a randomized clinical trial (NCT026637780) of a 12-week timing and coordination physical therapy intervention to improve walking (n = 20 intervention, n = 22 active control). PFC activation was measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during four walking tasks over 15 m, each repeated 4 times: even surface walking, uneven surface walking, even dual-task, uneven dual-task; dual-task was reciting every other letter of the alphabet while walking. Gait speed and rate of correct letter generation were recorded. Linear mixed models tested between arm differences in change of fNIRS, gait speed, and letter generation from baseline to follow-up (12-week, 24-week, and 36-week). Results Intervention arms were similar in mean age (74.3 vs. 77.0) and baseline gait speed (0.96 vs. 0.93 m/s). Of 24 comparisons of between arm differences in the fNIRS signals, only two were significant which were not supported by differences at other follow-up times or on other tasks. Gait speed, particularly during dual-task conditions, and correct letter generation did improve post-intervention but improvements did not differ by arm. Discussion and Conclusions After training, PFC activation during walking generally did not improve and did not differ by intervention arm. 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Prefrontal cortex activation while walking did not change but gait speed improved after a randomized physical therapy intervention

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