Mass movement susceptibility: the case study of Tongo-Gadima landslide, East Cameroon
Abstract The causes of mass movement, which occurred on the $ 5^{th} $ October 2021 at Tongo-Gadima and damage grouting drainage infrastructure of the national road, are examined in this paper, in order to set up the novel procedure for investigating landslide in an area with limited inventory geote...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Sylvain, Kouayep Lawou [verfasserIn] Philippe, Samba Assomo [verfasserIn] Kenmoe, Michel Rodrigue Oscar [verfasserIn] Quinta, Bombey [verfasserIn] Veronique, Kamgang Kabeyene Beyala [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2024 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Anmerkung: |
© Saudi Society for Geosciences and Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Arabian journal of geosciences - Springer International Publishing, 2008, 17(2024), 4 vom: 28. März |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:17 ; year:2024 ; number:4 ; day:28 ; month:03 |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1007/s12517-024-11938-z |
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SPR05532553X |
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| 520 | |a Abstract The causes of mass movement, which occurred on the $ 5^{th} $ October 2021 at Tongo-Gadima and damage grouting drainage infrastructure of the national road, are examined in this paper, in order to set up the novel procedure for investigating landslide in an area with limited inventory geotechnical data. They are evaluated by estimating the annual precipitation on 12-year period and analyzing the relevant geotechnical parameters: water content, degree of saturation, consistency limits, grain size distribution, linear shear strength, uniaxial compressive strength, compressibility test on samples collected on the field in order to understand the behavior of lateritic soil exposed under rainfall as well as zonation of slopes. This investigation will, in turn, enable the stakeholders to implement appropriate mitigation measures across the landslide-induce area. The main characteristics such as concave slope, shallow slid surface occurrence, and rotational trend of Tongo-Gadima landslide were influenced by high annual rainfall reaching the average of 1540 mm. The zonation analysis identified steeping slope (> 20°) called escarpment landscape. High values of water content and degree of saturation induced the swelling behavior of unsaturated soil. It has high plasticity in the lower and median set made up of more than 30% fine clay. The internal friction angle and material cohesion showed poor characteristic 35° and 0.11 bar respectively. The low uniaxial compressive strength ranging between 1.77 and 7.87 MPa suggests that the complete meteoric weathering of rock and the $ C_{c} $/(1 + $ e_{0} $) > 0.20 ratio confirms the very compressible property of soil. The evidence of thixotropic rheoliquefier pattern of the clay matric mixed with gravel and sand is detrimental when meteoric water infiltration transforms the material into landslide-prone mud under constraint. Poor drainage has considerably increased water saturation of clay particles in the prism of rupture and weak mechanical properties of soil have been at the origin of landslide in Tongo-Gadima. Instrumentation and monitoring of slope are the first action to be taken to mitigate landslide in the region. | ||
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10.1007/s12517-024-11938-z doi (DE-627)SPR05532553X (SPR)s12517-024-11938-z-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 VZ Sylvain, Kouayep Lawou verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-4729-4224 aut Mass movement susceptibility: the case study of Tongo-Gadima landslide, East Cameroon 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Saudi Society for Geosciences and Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Abstract The causes of mass movement, which occurred on the $ 5^{th} $ October 2021 at Tongo-Gadima and damage grouting drainage infrastructure of the national road, are examined in this paper, in order to set up the novel procedure for investigating landslide in an area with limited inventory geotechnical data. They are evaluated by estimating the annual precipitation on 12-year period and analyzing the relevant geotechnical parameters: water content, degree of saturation, consistency limits, grain size distribution, linear shear strength, uniaxial compressive strength, compressibility test on samples collected on the field in order to understand the behavior of lateritic soil exposed under rainfall as well as zonation of slopes. This investigation will, in turn, enable the stakeholders to implement appropriate mitigation measures across the landslide-induce area. The main characteristics such as concave slope, shallow slid surface occurrence, and rotational trend of Tongo-Gadima landslide were influenced by high annual rainfall reaching the average of 1540 mm. The zonation analysis identified steeping slope (> 20°) called escarpment landscape. High values of water content and degree of saturation induced the swelling behavior of unsaturated soil. It has high plasticity in the lower and median set made up of more than 30% fine clay. The internal friction angle and material cohesion showed poor characteristic 35° and 0.11 bar respectively. The low uniaxial compressive strength ranging between 1.77 and 7.87 MPa suggests that the complete meteoric weathering of rock and the $ C_{c} $/(1 + $ e_{0} $) > 0.20 ratio confirms the very compressible property of soil. The evidence of thixotropic rheoliquefier pattern of the clay matric mixed with gravel and sand is detrimental when meteoric water infiltration transforms the material into landslide-prone mud under constraint. Poor drainage has considerably increased water saturation of clay particles in the prism of rupture and weak mechanical properties of soil have been at the origin of landslide in Tongo-Gadima. Instrumentation and monitoring of slope are the first action to be taken to mitigate landslide in the region. Mass-movement (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tongo-Gadima (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lateritic-soil (dpeaa)DE-He213 Rainfall (dpeaa)DE-He213 Geotechnical-parameters (dpeaa)DE-He213 Philippe, Samba Assomo verfasserin aut Kenmoe, Michel Rodrigue Oscar verfasserin aut Quinta, Bombey verfasserin aut Veronique, Kamgang Kabeyene Beyala verfasserin aut Enthalten in Arabian journal of geosciences Springer International Publishing, 2008 17(2024), 4 vom: 28. März (DE-627)572421877 (DE-600)2438771-X 1866-7538 nnns volume:17 year:2024 number:4 day:28 month:03 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12517-024-11938-z X:VERLAG 0 lizenzpflichtig Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 17 2024 4 28 03 |
| spelling |
10.1007/s12517-024-11938-z doi (DE-627)SPR05532553X (SPR)s12517-024-11938-z-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 VZ Sylvain, Kouayep Lawou verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-4729-4224 aut Mass movement susceptibility: the case study of Tongo-Gadima landslide, East Cameroon 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Saudi Society for Geosciences and Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Abstract The causes of mass movement, which occurred on the $ 5^{th} $ October 2021 at Tongo-Gadima and damage grouting drainage infrastructure of the national road, are examined in this paper, in order to set up the novel procedure for investigating landslide in an area with limited inventory geotechnical data. They are evaluated by estimating the annual precipitation on 12-year period and analyzing the relevant geotechnical parameters: water content, degree of saturation, consistency limits, grain size distribution, linear shear strength, uniaxial compressive strength, compressibility test on samples collected on the field in order to understand the behavior of lateritic soil exposed under rainfall as well as zonation of slopes. This investigation will, in turn, enable the stakeholders to implement appropriate mitigation measures across the landslide-induce area. The main characteristics such as concave slope, shallow slid surface occurrence, and rotational trend of Tongo-Gadima landslide were influenced by high annual rainfall reaching the average of 1540 mm. The zonation analysis identified steeping slope (> 20°) called escarpment landscape. High values of water content and degree of saturation induced the swelling behavior of unsaturated soil. It has high plasticity in the lower and median set made up of more than 30% fine clay. The internal friction angle and material cohesion showed poor characteristic 35° and 0.11 bar respectively. The low uniaxial compressive strength ranging between 1.77 and 7.87 MPa suggests that the complete meteoric weathering of rock and the $ C_{c} $/(1 + $ e_{0} $) > 0.20 ratio confirms the very compressible property of soil. The evidence of thixotropic rheoliquefier pattern of the clay matric mixed with gravel and sand is detrimental when meteoric water infiltration transforms the material into landslide-prone mud under constraint. Poor drainage has considerably increased water saturation of clay particles in the prism of rupture and weak mechanical properties of soil have been at the origin of landslide in Tongo-Gadima. Instrumentation and monitoring of slope are the first action to be taken to mitigate landslide in the region. Mass-movement (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tongo-Gadima (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lateritic-soil (dpeaa)DE-He213 Rainfall (dpeaa)DE-He213 Geotechnical-parameters (dpeaa)DE-He213 Philippe, Samba Assomo verfasserin aut Kenmoe, Michel Rodrigue Oscar verfasserin aut Quinta, Bombey verfasserin aut Veronique, Kamgang Kabeyene Beyala verfasserin aut Enthalten in Arabian journal of geosciences Springer International Publishing, 2008 17(2024), 4 vom: 28. März (DE-627)572421877 (DE-600)2438771-X 1866-7538 nnns volume:17 year:2024 number:4 day:28 month:03 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12517-024-11938-z X:VERLAG 0 lizenzpflichtig Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 17 2024 4 28 03 |
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10.1007/s12517-024-11938-z doi (DE-627)SPR05532553X (SPR)s12517-024-11938-z-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 VZ Sylvain, Kouayep Lawou verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-4729-4224 aut Mass movement susceptibility: the case study of Tongo-Gadima landslide, East Cameroon 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Saudi Society for Geosciences and Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Abstract The causes of mass movement, which occurred on the $ 5^{th} $ October 2021 at Tongo-Gadima and damage grouting drainage infrastructure of the national road, are examined in this paper, in order to set up the novel procedure for investigating landslide in an area with limited inventory geotechnical data. They are evaluated by estimating the annual precipitation on 12-year period and analyzing the relevant geotechnical parameters: water content, degree of saturation, consistency limits, grain size distribution, linear shear strength, uniaxial compressive strength, compressibility test on samples collected on the field in order to understand the behavior of lateritic soil exposed under rainfall as well as zonation of slopes. This investigation will, in turn, enable the stakeholders to implement appropriate mitigation measures across the landslide-induce area. The main characteristics such as concave slope, shallow slid surface occurrence, and rotational trend of Tongo-Gadima landslide were influenced by high annual rainfall reaching the average of 1540 mm. The zonation analysis identified steeping slope (> 20°) called escarpment landscape. High values of water content and degree of saturation induced the swelling behavior of unsaturated soil. It has high plasticity in the lower and median set made up of more than 30% fine clay. The internal friction angle and material cohesion showed poor characteristic 35° and 0.11 bar respectively. The low uniaxial compressive strength ranging between 1.77 and 7.87 MPa suggests that the complete meteoric weathering of rock and the $ C_{c} $/(1 + $ e_{0} $) > 0.20 ratio confirms the very compressible property of soil. The evidence of thixotropic rheoliquefier pattern of the clay matric mixed with gravel and sand is detrimental when meteoric water infiltration transforms the material into landslide-prone mud under constraint. Poor drainage has considerably increased water saturation of clay particles in the prism of rupture and weak mechanical properties of soil have been at the origin of landslide in Tongo-Gadima. Instrumentation and monitoring of slope are the first action to be taken to mitigate landslide in the region. Mass-movement (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tongo-Gadima (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lateritic-soil (dpeaa)DE-He213 Rainfall (dpeaa)DE-He213 Geotechnical-parameters (dpeaa)DE-He213 Philippe, Samba Assomo verfasserin aut Kenmoe, Michel Rodrigue Oscar verfasserin aut Quinta, Bombey verfasserin aut Veronique, Kamgang Kabeyene Beyala verfasserin aut Enthalten in Arabian journal of geosciences Springer International Publishing, 2008 17(2024), 4 vom: 28. März (DE-627)572421877 (DE-600)2438771-X 1866-7538 nnns volume:17 year:2024 number:4 day:28 month:03 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12517-024-11938-z X:VERLAG 0 lizenzpflichtig Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 17 2024 4 28 03 |
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10.1007/s12517-024-11938-z doi (DE-627)SPR05532553X (SPR)s12517-024-11938-z-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 VZ Sylvain, Kouayep Lawou verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-4729-4224 aut Mass movement susceptibility: the case study of Tongo-Gadima landslide, East Cameroon 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Saudi Society for Geosciences and Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Abstract The causes of mass movement, which occurred on the $ 5^{th} $ October 2021 at Tongo-Gadima and damage grouting drainage infrastructure of the national road, are examined in this paper, in order to set up the novel procedure for investigating landslide in an area with limited inventory geotechnical data. They are evaluated by estimating the annual precipitation on 12-year period and analyzing the relevant geotechnical parameters: water content, degree of saturation, consistency limits, grain size distribution, linear shear strength, uniaxial compressive strength, compressibility test on samples collected on the field in order to understand the behavior of lateritic soil exposed under rainfall as well as zonation of slopes. This investigation will, in turn, enable the stakeholders to implement appropriate mitigation measures across the landslide-induce area. The main characteristics such as concave slope, shallow slid surface occurrence, and rotational trend of Tongo-Gadima landslide were influenced by high annual rainfall reaching the average of 1540 mm. The zonation analysis identified steeping slope (> 20°) called escarpment landscape. High values of water content and degree of saturation induced the swelling behavior of unsaturated soil. It has high plasticity in the lower and median set made up of more than 30% fine clay. The internal friction angle and material cohesion showed poor characteristic 35° and 0.11 bar respectively. The low uniaxial compressive strength ranging between 1.77 and 7.87 MPa suggests that the complete meteoric weathering of rock and the $ C_{c} $/(1 + $ e_{0} $) > 0.20 ratio confirms the very compressible property of soil. The evidence of thixotropic rheoliquefier pattern of the clay matric mixed with gravel and sand is detrimental when meteoric water infiltration transforms the material into landslide-prone mud under constraint. Poor drainage has considerably increased water saturation of clay particles in the prism of rupture and weak mechanical properties of soil have been at the origin of landslide in Tongo-Gadima. Instrumentation and monitoring of slope are the first action to be taken to mitigate landslide in the region. Mass-movement (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tongo-Gadima (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lateritic-soil (dpeaa)DE-He213 Rainfall (dpeaa)DE-He213 Geotechnical-parameters (dpeaa)DE-He213 Philippe, Samba Assomo verfasserin aut Kenmoe, Michel Rodrigue Oscar verfasserin aut Quinta, Bombey verfasserin aut Veronique, Kamgang Kabeyene Beyala verfasserin aut Enthalten in Arabian journal of geosciences Springer International Publishing, 2008 17(2024), 4 vom: 28. März (DE-627)572421877 (DE-600)2438771-X 1866-7538 nnns volume:17 year:2024 number:4 day:28 month:03 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12517-024-11938-z X:VERLAG 0 lizenzpflichtig Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 17 2024 4 28 03 |
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10.1007/s12517-024-11938-z doi (DE-627)SPR05532553X (SPR)s12517-024-11938-z-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 VZ Sylvain, Kouayep Lawou verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-4729-4224 aut Mass movement susceptibility: the case study of Tongo-Gadima landslide, East Cameroon 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © Saudi Society for Geosciences and Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Abstract The causes of mass movement, which occurred on the $ 5^{th} $ October 2021 at Tongo-Gadima and damage grouting drainage infrastructure of the national road, are examined in this paper, in order to set up the novel procedure for investigating landslide in an area with limited inventory geotechnical data. They are evaluated by estimating the annual precipitation on 12-year period and analyzing the relevant geotechnical parameters: water content, degree of saturation, consistency limits, grain size distribution, linear shear strength, uniaxial compressive strength, compressibility test on samples collected on the field in order to understand the behavior of lateritic soil exposed under rainfall as well as zonation of slopes. This investigation will, in turn, enable the stakeholders to implement appropriate mitigation measures across the landslide-induce area. The main characteristics such as concave slope, shallow slid surface occurrence, and rotational trend of Tongo-Gadima landslide were influenced by high annual rainfall reaching the average of 1540 mm. The zonation analysis identified steeping slope (> 20°) called escarpment landscape. High values of water content and degree of saturation induced the swelling behavior of unsaturated soil. It has high plasticity in the lower and median set made up of more than 30% fine clay. The internal friction angle and material cohesion showed poor characteristic 35° and 0.11 bar respectively. The low uniaxial compressive strength ranging between 1.77 and 7.87 MPa suggests that the complete meteoric weathering of rock and the $ C_{c} $/(1 + $ e_{0} $) > 0.20 ratio confirms the very compressible property of soil. The evidence of thixotropic rheoliquefier pattern of the clay matric mixed with gravel and sand is detrimental when meteoric water infiltration transforms the material into landslide-prone mud under constraint. Poor drainage has considerably increased water saturation of clay particles in the prism of rupture and weak mechanical properties of soil have been at the origin of landslide in Tongo-Gadima. Instrumentation and monitoring of slope are the first action to be taken to mitigate landslide in the region. Mass-movement (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tongo-Gadima (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lateritic-soil (dpeaa)DE-He213 Rainfall (dpeaa)DE-He213 Geotechnical-parameters (dpeaa)DE-He213 Philippe, Samba Assomo verfasserin aut Kenmoe, Michel Rodrigue Oscar verfasserin aut Quinta, Bombey verfasserin aut Veronique, Kamgang Kabeyene Beyala verfasserin aut Enthalten in Arabian journal of geosciences Springer International Publishing, 2008 17(2024), 4 vom: 28. März (DE-627)572421877 (DE-600)2438771-X 1866-7538 nnns volume:17 year:2024 number:4 day:28 month:03 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12517-024-11938-z X:VERLAG 0 lizenzpflichtig Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_381 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 17 2024 4 28 03 |
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Enthalten in Arabian journal of geosciences 17(2024), 4 vom: 28. März volume:17 year:2024 number:4 day:28 month:03 |
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Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Abstract The causes of mass movement, which occurred on the $ 5^{th} $ October 2021 at Tongo-Gadima and damage grouting drainage infrastructure of the national road, are examined in this paper, in order to set up the novel procedure for investigating landslide in an area with limited inventory geotechnical data. They are evaluated by estimating the annual precipitation on 12-year period and analyzing the relevant geotechnical parameters: water content, degree of saturation, consistency limits, grain size distribution, linear shear strength, uniaxial compressive strength, compressibility test on samples collected on the field in order to understand the behavior of lateritic soil exposed under rainfall as well as zonation of slopes. This investigation will, in turn, enable the stakeholders to implement appropriate mitigation measures across the landslide-induce area. The main characteristics such as concave slope, shallow slid surface occurrence, and rotational trend of Tongo-Gadima landslide were influenced by high annual rainfall reaching the average of 1540 mm. The zonation analysis identified steeping slope (> 20°) called escarpment landscape. High values of water content and degree of saturation induced the swelling behavior of unsaturated soil. It has high plasticity in the lower and median set made up of more than 30% fine clay. The internal friction angle and material cohesion showed poor characteristic 35° and 0.11 bar respectively. The low uniaxial compressive strength ranging between 1.77 and 7.87 MPa suggests that the complete meteoric weathering of rock and the $ C_{c} $/(1 + $ e_{0} $) > 0.20 ratio confirms the very compressible property of soil. The evidence of thixotropic rheoliquefier pattern of the clay matric mixed with gravel and sand is detrimental when meteoric water infiltration transforms the material into landslide-prone mud under constraint. Poor drainage has considerably increased water saturation of clay particles in the prism of rupture and weak mechanical properties of soil have been at the origin of landslide in Tongo-Gadima. 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Sylvain, Kouayep Lawou |
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mass movement susceptibility: the case study of tongo-gadima landslide, east cameroon |
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Mass movement susceptibility: the case study of Tongo-Gadima landslide, East Cameroon |
| abstract |
Abstract The causes of mass movement, which occurred on the $ 5^{th} $ October 2021 at Tongo-Gadima and damage grouting drainage infrastructure of the national road, are examined in this paper, in order to set up the novel procedure for investigating landslide in an area with limited inventory geotechnical data. They are evaluated by estimating the annual precipitation on 12-year period and analyzing the relevant geotechnical parameters: water content, degree of saturation, consistency limits, grain size distribution, linear shear strength, uniaxial compressive strength, compressibility test on samples collected on the field in order to understand the behavior of lateritic soil exposed under rainfall as well as zonation of slopes. This investigation will, in turn, enable the stakeholders to implement appropriate mitigation measures across the landslide-induce area. The main characteristics such as concave slope, shallow slid surface occurrence, and rotational trend of Tongo-Gadima landslide were influenced by high annual rainfall reaching the average of 1540 mm. The zonation analysis identified steeping slope (> 20°) called escarpment landscape. High values of water content and degree of saturation induced the swelling behavior of unsaturated soil. It has high plasticity in the lower and median set made up of more than 30% fine clay. The internal friction angle and material cohesion showed poor characteristic 35° and 0.11 bar respectively. The low uniaxial compressive strength ranging between 1.77 and 7.87 MPa suggests that the complete meteoric weathering of rock and the $ C_{c} $/(1 + $ e_{0} $) > 0.20 ratio confirms the very compressible property of soil. The evidence of thixotropic rheoliquefier pattern of the clay matric mixed with gravel and sand is detrimental when meteoric water infiltration transforms the material into landslide-prone mud under constraint. Poor drainage has considerably increased water saturation of clay particles in the prism of rupture and weak mechanical properties of soil have been at the origin of landslide in Tongo-Gadima. Instrumentation and monitoring of slope are the first action to be taken to mitigate landslide in the region. © Saudi Society for Geosciences and Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. |
| abstractGer |
Abstract The causes of mass movement, which occurred on the $ 5^{th} $ October 2021 at Tongo-Gadima and damage grouting drainage infrastructure of the national road, are examined in this paper, in order to set up the novel procedure for investigating landslide in an area with limited inventory geotechnical data. They are evaluated by estimating the annual precipitation on 12-year period and analyzing the relevant geotechnical parameters: water content, degree of saturation, consistency limits, grain size distribution, linear shear strength, uniaxial compressive strength, compressibility test on samples collected on the field in order to understand the behavior of lateritic soil exposed under rainfall as well as zonation of slopes. This investigation will, in turn, enable the stakeholders to implement appropriate mitigation measures across the landslide-induce area. The main characteristics such as concave slope, shallow slid surface occurrence, and rotational trend of Tongo-Gadima landslide were influenced by high annual rainfall reaching the average of 1540 mm. The zonation analysis identified steeping slope (> 20°) called escarpment landscape. High values of water content and degree of saturation induced the swelling behavior of unsaturated soil. It has high plasticity in the lower and median set made up of more than 30% fine clay. The internal friction angle and material cohesion showed poor characteristic 35° and 0.11 bar respectively. The low uniaxial compressive strength ranging between 1.77 and 7.87 MPa suggests that the complete meteoric weathering of rock and the $ C_{c} $/(1 + $ e_{0} $) > 0.20 ratio confirms the very compressible property of soil. The evidence of thixotropic rheoliquefier pattern of the clay matric mixed with gravel and sand is detrimental when meteoric water infiltration transforms the material into landslide-prone mud under constraint. Poor drainage has considerably increased water saturation of clay particles in the prism of rupture and weak mechanical properties of soil have been at the origin of landslide in Tongo-Gadima. Instrumentation and monitoring of slope are the first action to be taken to mitigate landslide in the region. © Saudi Society for Geosciences and Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Abstract The causes of mass movement, which occurred on the $ 5^{th} $ October 2021 at Tongo-Gadima and damage grouting drainage infrastructure of the national road, are examined in this paper, in order to set up the novel procedure for investigating landslide in an area with limited inventory geotechnical data. They are evaluated by estimating the annual precipitation on 12-year period and analyzing the relevant geotechnical parameters: water content, degree of saturation, consistency limits, grain size distribution, linear shear strength, uniaxial compressive strength, compressibility test on samples collected on the field in order to understand the behavior of lateritic soil exposed under rainfall as well as zonation of slopes. This investigation will, in turn, enable the stakeholders to implement appropriate mitigation measures across the landslide-induce area. The main characteristics such as concave slope, shallow slid surface occurrence, and rotational trend of Tongo-Gadima landslide were influenced by high annual rainfall reaching the average of 1540 mm. The zonation analysis identified steeping slope (> 20°) called escarpment landscape. High values of water content and degree of saturation induced the swelling behavior of unsaturated soil. It has high plasticity in the lower and median set made up of more than 30% fine clay. The internal friction angle and material cohesion showed poor characteristic 35° and 0.11 bar respectively. The low uniaxial compressive strength ranging between 1.77 and 7.87 MPa suggests that the complete meteoric weathering of rock and the $ C_{c} $/(1 + $ e_{0} $) > 0.20 ratio confirms the very compressible property of soil. The evidence of thixotropic rheoliquefier pattern of the clay matric mixed with gravel and sand is detrimental when meteoric water infiltration transforms the material into landslide-prone mud under constraint. Poor drainage has considerably increased water saturation of clay particles in the prism of rupture and weak mechanical properties of soil have been at the origin of landslide in Tongo-Gadima. Instrumentation and monitoring of slope are the first action to be taken to mitigate landslide in the region. © Saudi Society for Geosciences and Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. |
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| score |
7.4014387 |