Second-degree atrioventricular block induced by electrical stimulation of transcranial motor-evoked potential: a case report

Background Although several complications of transcranial motor-evoked potentials (Tc-MEPs) have been reported, reports of arrhythmias during Tc-MEP are very rare. Case presentation A 71-year-old woman underwent transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion under general anesthesia, with intraoperative Tc-...
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Autor*in:	Murakami, Toru [verfasserIn] Tanaka, Satoshi [verfasserIn] Tanaka, Ryusuke [verfasserIn] Ito, Mariko [verfasserIn] Ishida, Takashi [verfasserIn] Kawamata, Mikito [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2024

Schlagwörter:	Motor-evoked potential Arrhythmia Paroxysmal atrioventricular block Supine surgery General anesthesia

Anmerkung:	© The Author(s) 2024

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: JA clinical reports - Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015, 10(2024), 1 vom: 12. Juni
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:10 ; year:2024 ; number:1 ; day:12 ; month:06

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1186/s40981-024-00722-3

Katalog-ID:	SPR05621121X

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520			\|a Background Although several complications of transcranial motor-evoked potentials (Tc-MEPs) have been reported, reports of arrhythmias during Tc-MEP are very rare. Case presentation A 71-year-old woman underwent transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion under general anesthesia, with intraoperative Tc-MEP monitoring. Preoperative electrocardiography showed an incomplete right bundle branch block but no cardiovascular events in her life. After induction of anesthesia, Tc-MEP was recorded prior to the surgery. During the Tc-MEP monitoring, electrocardiography and arterial blood pressure showed a second-degree atrioventricular block, but it improved rapidly at the end of the stimulation, and the patient was hemodynamically stable. Tc-MEP was recorded seven times during surgery; the incidence of P waves without QRS complexes was significantly higher than before stimulation. The surgery was uneventful, and she was discharged eight days postoperatively without complications. Conclusions Our case suggests that electrical stimulation for Tc-MEP can cause arrhythmia. Electrocardiography and blood pressure must be closely monitored during Tc-MEP monitoring.
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allfields	10.1186/s40981-024-00722-3 doi (DE-627)SPR05621121X (SPR)s40981-024-00722-3-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 VZ 610 VZ Murakami, Toru verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-6267-3302 aut Second-degree atrioventricular block induced by electrical stimulation of transcranial motor-evoked potential: a case report 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Background Although several complications of transcranial motor-evoked potentials (Tc-MEPs) have been reported, reports of arrhythmias during Tc-MEP are very rare. Case presentation A 71-year-old woman underwent transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion under general anesthesia, with intraoperative Tc-MEP monitoring. Preoperative electrocardiography showed an incomplete right bundle branch block but no cardiovascular events in her life. After induction of anesthesia, Tc-MEP was recorded prior to the surgery. During the Tc-MEP monitoring, electrocardiography and arterial blood pressure showed a second-degree atrioventricular block, but it improved rapidly at the end of the stimulation, and the patient was hemodynamically stable. Tc-MEP was recorded seven times during surgery; the incidence of P waves without QRS complexes was significantly higher than before stimulation. The surgery was uneventful, and she was discharged eight days postoperatively without complications. Conclusions Our case suggests that electrical stimulation for Tc-MEP can cause arrhythmia. Electrocardiography and blood pressure must be closely monitored during Tc-MEP monitoring. Motor-evoked potential (dpeaa)DE-He213 Arrhythmia (dpeaa)DE-He213 Paroxysmal atrioventricular block (dpeaa)DE-He213 Supine surgery (dpeaa)DE-He213 General anesthesia (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tanaka, Satoshi verfasserin aut Tanaka, Ryusuke verfasserin aut Ito, Mariko verfasserin aut Ishida, Takashi verfasserin aut Kawamata, Mikito verfasserin aut Enthalten in JA clinical reports Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 10(2024), 1 vom: 12. Juni (DE-627)84410051X (DE-600)2842877-8 2363-9024 nnns volume:10 year:2024 number:1 day:12 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40981-024-00722-3 X:SPRINGER Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10 2024 1 12 06
spelling	10.1186/s40981-024-00722-3 doi (DE-627)SPR05621121X (SPR)s40981-024-00722-3-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 VZ 610 VZ Murakami, Toru verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-6267-3302 aut Second-degree atrioventricular block induced by electrical stimulation of transcranial motor-evoked potential: a case report 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Background Although several complications of transcranial motor-evoked potentials (Tc-MEPs) have been reported, reports of arrhythmias during Tc-MEP are very rare. Case presentation A 71-year-old woman underwent transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion under general anesthesia, with intraoperative Tc-MEP monitoring. Preoperative electrocardiography showed an incomplete right bundle branch block but no cardiovascular events in her life. After induction of anesthesia, Tc-MEP was recorded prior to the surgery. During the Tc-MEP monitoring, electrocardiography and arterial blood pressure showed a second-degree atrioventricular block, but it improved rapidly at the end of the stimulation, and the patient was hemodynamically stable. Tc-MEP was recorded seven times during surgery; the incidence of P waves without QRS complexes was significantly higher than before stimulation. The surgery was uneventful, and she was discharged eight days postoperatively without complications. Conclusions Our case suggests that electrical stimulation for Tc-MEP can cause arrhythmia. Electrocardiography and blood pressure must be closely monitored during Tc-MEP monitoring. Motor-evoked potential (dpeaa)DE-He213 Arrhythmia (dpeaa)DE-He213 Paroxysmal atrioventricular block (dpeaa)DE-He213 Supine surgery (dpeaa)DE-He213 General anesthesia (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tanaka, Satoshi verfasserin aut Tanaka, Ryusuke verfasserin aut Ito, Mariko verfasserin aut Ishida, Takashi verfasserin aut Kawamata, Mikito verfasserin aut Enthalten in JA clinical reports Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 10(2024), 1 vom: 12. Juni (DE-627)84410051X (DE-600)2842877-8 2363-9024 nnns volume:10 year:2024 number:1 day:12 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40981-024-00722-3 X:SPRINGER Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10 2024 1 12 06
allfields_unstemmed	10.1186/s40981-024-00722-3 doi (DE-627)SPR05621121X (SPR)s40981-024-00722-3-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 VZ 610 VZ Murakami, Toru verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-6267-3302 aut Second-degree atrioventricular block induced by electrical stimulation of transcranial motor-evoked potential: a case report 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Background Although several complications of transcranial motor-evoked potentials (Tc-MEPs) have been reported, reports of arrhythmias during Tc-MEP are very rare. Case presentation A 71-year-old woman underwent transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion under general anesthesia, with intraoperative Tc-MEP monitoring. Preoperative electrocardiography showed an incomplete right bundle branch block but no cardiovascular events in her life. After induction of anesthesia, Tc-MEP was recorded prior to the surgery. During the Tc-MEP monitoring, electrocardiography and arterial blood pressure showed a second-degree atrioventricular block, but it improved rapidly at the end of the stimulation, and the patient was hemodynamically stable. Tc-MEP was recorded seven times during surgery; the incidence of P waves without QRS complexes was significantly higher than before stimulation. The surgery was uneventful, and she was discharged eight days postoperatively without complications. Conclusions Our case suggests that electrical stimulation for Tc-MEP can cause arrhythmia. Electrocardiography and blood pressure must be closely monitored during Tc-MEP monitoring. Motor-evoked potential (dpeaa)DE-He213 Arrhythmia (dpeaa)DE-He213 Paroxysmal atrioventricular block (dpeaa)DE-He213 Supine surgery (dpeaa)DE-He213 General anesthesia (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tanaka, Satoshi verfasserin aut Tanaka, Ryusuke verfasserin aut Ito, Mariko verfasserin aut Ishida, Takashi verfasserin aut Kawamata, Mikito verfasserin aut Enthalten in JA clinical reports Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 10(2024), 1 vom: 12. Juni (DE-627)84410051X (DE-600)2842877-8 2363-9024 nnns volume:10 year:2024 number:1 day:12 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40981-024-00722-3 X:SPRINGER Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10 2024 1 12 06
allfieldsGer	10.1186/s40981-024-00722-3 doi (DE-627)SPR05621121X (SPR)s40981-024-00722-3-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 VZ 610 VZ Murakami, Toru verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-6267-3302 aut Second-degree atrioventricular block induced by electrical stimulation of transcranial motor-evoked potential: a case report 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Background Although several complications of transcranial motor-evoked potentials (Tc-MEPs) have been reported, reports of arrhythmias during Tc-MEP are very rare. Case presentation A 71-year-old woman underwent transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion under general anesthesia, with intraoperative Tc-MEP monitoring. Preoperative electrocardiography showed an incomplete right bundle branch block but no cardiovascular events in her life. After induction of anesthesia, Tc-MEP was recorded prior to the surgery. During the Tc-MEP monitoring, electrocardiography and arterial blood pressure showed a second-degree atrioventricular block, but it improved rapidly at the end of the stimulation, and the patient was hemodynamically stable. Tc-MEP was recorded seven times during surgery; the incidence of P waves without QRS complexes was significantly higher than before stimulation. The surgery was uneventful, and she was discharged eight days postoperatively without complications. Conclusions Our case suggests that electrical stimulation for Tc-MEP can cause arrhythmia. Electrocardiography and blood pressure must be closely monitored during Tc-MEP monitoring. Motor-evoked potential (dpeaa)DE-He213 Arrhythmia (dpeaa)DE-He213 Paroxysmal atrioventricular block (dpeaa)DE-He213 Supine surgery (dpeaa)DE-He213 General anesthesia (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tanaka, Satoshi verfasserin aut Tanaka, Ryusuke verfasserin aut Ito, Mariko verfasserin aut Ishida, Takashi verfasserin aut Kawamata, Mikito verfasserin aut Enthalten in JA clinical reports Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 10(2024), 1 vom: 12. Juni (DE-627)84410051X (DE-600)2842877-8 2363-9024 nnns volume:10 year:2024 number:1 day:12 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40981-024-00722-3 X:SPRINGER Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10 2024 1 12 06
allfieldsSound	10.1186/s40981-024-00722-3 doi (DE-627)SPR05621121X (SPR)s40981-024-00722-3-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 VZ 610 VZ Murakami, Toru verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-6267-3302 aut Second-degree atrioventricular block induced by electrical stimulation of transcranial motor-evoked potential: a case report 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Background Although several complications of transcranial motor-evoked potentials (Tc-MEPs) have been reported, reports of arrhythmias during Tc-MEP are very rare. Case presentation A 71-year-old woman underwent transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion under general anesthesia, with intraoperative Tc-MEP monitoring. Preoperative electrocardiography showed an incomplete right bundle branch block but no cardiovascular events in her life. After induction of anesthesia, Tc-MEP was recorded prior to the surgery. During the Tc-MEP monitoring, electrocardiography and arterial blood pressure showed a second-degree atrioventricular block, but it improved rapidly at the end of the stimulation, and the patient was hemodynamically stable. Tc-MEP was recorded seven times during surgery; the incidence of P waves without QRS complexes was significantly higher than before stimulation. The surgery was uneventful, and she was discharged eight days postoperatively without complications. Conclusions Our case suggests that electrical stimulation for Tc-MEP can cause arrhythmia. Electrocardiography and blood pressure must be closely monitored during Tc-MEP monitoring. Motor-evoked potential (dpeaa)DE-He213 Arrhythmia (dpeaa)DE-He213 Paroxysmal atrioventricular block (dpeaa)DE-He213 Supine surgery (dpeaa)DE-He213 General anesthesia (dpeaa)DE-He213 Tanaka, Satoshi verfasserin aut Tanaka, Ryusuke verfasserin aut Ito, Mariko verfasserin aut Ishida, Takashi verfasserin aut Kawamata, Mikito verfasserin aut Enthalten in JA clinical reports Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 10(2024), 1 vom: 12. Juni (DE-627)84410051X (DE-600)2842877-8 2363-9024 nnns volume:10 year:2024 number:1 day:12 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40981-024-00722-3 X:SPRINGER Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_206 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 10 2024 1 12 06
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Case presentation A 71-year-old woman underwent transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion under general anesthesia, with intraoperative Tc-MEP monitoring. Preoperative electrocardiography showed an incomplete right bundle branch block but no cardiovascular events in her life. After induction of anesthesia, Tc-MEP was recorded prior to the surgery. During the Tc-MEP monitoring, electrocardiography and arterial blood pressure showed a second-degree atrioventricular block, but it improved rapidly at the end of the stimulation, and the patient was hemodynamically stable. Tc-MEP was recorded seven times during surgery; the incidence of P waves without QRS complexes was significantly higher than before stimulation. The surgery was uneventful, and she was discharged eight days postoperatively without complications. Conclusions Our case suggests that electrical stimulation for Tc-MEP can cause arrhythmia. 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author	Murakami, Toru
spellingShingle	Murakami, Toru ddc 610 misc Motor-evoked potential misc Arrhythmia misc Paroxysmal atrioventricular block misc Supine surgery misc General anesthesia Second-degree atrioventricular block induced by electrical stimulation of transcranial motor-evoked potential: a case report
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topic_title	610 VZ Second-degree atrioventricular block induced by electrical stimulation of transcranial motor-evoked potential: a case report Motor-evoked potential (dpeaa)DE-He213 Arrhythmia (dpeaa)DE-He213 Paroxysmal atrioventricular block (dpeaa)DE-He213 Supine surgery (dpeaa)DE-He213 General anesthesia (dpeaa)DE-He213
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title	Second-degree atrioventricular block induced by electrical stimulation of transcranial motor-evoked potential: a case report
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title_full	Second-degree atrioventricular block induced by electrical stimulation of transcranial motor-evoked potential: a case report
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title_sort	second-degree atrioventricular block induced by electrical stimulation of transcranial motor-evoked potential: a case report
title_auth	Second-degree atrioventricular block induced by electrical stimulation of transcranial motor-evoked potential: a case report
abstract	Background Although several complications of transcranial motor-evoked potentials (Tc-MEPs) have been reported, reports of arrhythmias during Tc-MEP are very rare. Case presentation A 71-year-old woman underwent transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion under general anesthesia, with intraoperative Tc-MEP monitoring. Preoperative electrocardiography showed an incomplete right bundle branch block but no cardiovascular events in her life. After induction of anesthesia, Tc-MEP was recorded prior to the surgery. During the Tc-MEP monitoring, electrocardiography and arterial blood pressure showed a second-degree atrioventricular block, but it improved rapidly at the end of the stimulation, and the patient was hemodynamically stable. Tc-MEP was recorded seven times during surgery; the incidence of P waves without QRS complexes was significantly higher than before stimulation. The surgery was uneventful, and she was discharged eight days postoperatively without complications. Conclusions Our case suggests that electrical stimulation for Tc-MEP can cause arrhythmia. Electrocardiography and blood pressure must be closely monitored during Tc-MEP monitoring. © The Author(s) 2024
abstractGer	Background Although several complications of transcranial motor-evoked potentials (Tc-MEPs) have been reported, reports of arrhythmias during Tc-MEP are very rare. Case presentation A 71-year-old woman underwent transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion under general anesthesia, with intraoperative Tc-MEP monitoring. Preoperative electrocardiography showed an incomplete right bundle branch block but no cardiovascular events in her life. After induction of anesthesia, Tc-MEP was recorded prior to the surgery. During the Tc-MEP monitoring, electrocardiography and arterial blood pressure showed a second-degree atrioventricular block, but it improved rapidly at the end of the stimulation, and the patient was hemodynamically stable. Tc-MEP was recorded seven times during surgery; the incidence of P waves without QRS complexes was significantly higher than before stimulation. The surgery was uneventful, and she was discharged eight days postoperatively without complications. Conclusions Our case suggests that electrical stimulation for Tc-MEP can cause arrhythmia. Electrocardiography and blood pressure must be closely monitored during Tc-MEP monitoring. © The Author(s) 2024
abstract_unstemmed	Background Although several complications of transcranial motor-evoked potentials (Tc-MEPs) have been reported, reports of arrhythmias during Tc-MEP are very rare. Case presentation A 71-year-old woman underwent transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion under general anesthesia, with intraoperative Tc-MEP monitoring. Preoperative electrocardiography showed an incomplete right bundle branch block but no cardiovascular events in her life. After induction of anesthesia, Tc-MEP was recorded prior to the surgery. During the Tc-MEP monitoring, electrocardiography and arterial blood pressure showed a second-degree atrioventricular block, but it improved rapidly at the end of the stimulation, and the patient was hemodynamically stable. Tc-MEP was recorded seven times during surgery; the incidence of P waves without QRS complexes was significantly higher than before stimulation. The surgery was uneventful, and she was discharged eight days postoperatively without complications. Conclusions Our case suggests that electrical stimulation for Tc-MEP can cause arrhythmia. Electrocardiography and blood pressure must be closely monitored during Tc-MEP monitoring. © The Author(s) 2024
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title_short	Second-degree atrioventricular block induced by electrical stimulation of transcranial motor-evoked potential: a case report
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author2	Tanaka, Satoshi Tanaka, Ryusuke Ito, Mariko Ishida, Takashi Kawamata, Mikito
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Second-degree atrioventricular block induced by electrical stimulation of transcranial motor-evoked potential: a case report

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