Perceptions and Acceptance of a Prophylactic Vaccine for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): A Qualitative Study

Background Despite advances in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention methods, such as the advent of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), the number of people with newly acquired HIV remains high, particularly in at-risk groups. A prophylactic HIV vaccine could contribute to reduced disease preva...
Ausführliche Beschreibung

Background Despite advances in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention methods, such as the advent of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), the number of people with newly acquired HIV remains high, particularly in at-risk groups. A prophylactic HIV vaccine could contribute to reduced disease prevalence and future transmission and address limitations of existing options, such as suboptimal long-term adherence to PrEPs. Methods This qualitative study aimed to capture perceptions towards and acceptance of prophylactic HIV vaccination in three adult populations in the United States: the general population, ‘at-risk’ individuals (e.g. men who have sex with men, transgender individuals, gender-nonconforming individuals, and individuals in a sexual relationship with a person living with HIV), and parents/caregivers of children aged 9–17 years. Interviews were conducted with 55 participants to explore key drivers and barriers to HIV vaccine uptake, and a conceptual model was developed. Results The sample was diverse; participants were 51% female, aged 20–57 years (mean 37 years), 33% with high school diploma as highest education level, and identified as White (42%), Black or African American (35%), of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin (22%), or other races/ethnicities (8%) [groupings are not mutually exclusive]. Perceptions were influenced by individual, interpersonal, community, institutional, and structural factors. Overall, 98% of participants thought vaccination would be beneficial in preventing HIV. Key considerations/barriers included perceived susceptibility, i.e. whether participants felt there was a risk of contracting HIV (discussed by 90%); the clinical profile of the vaccine (e.g. the adverse effect profile [98%], and vaccine efficacy [85%], cost [73%] and administration schedule [88%]); and concerns around potential vaccine-induced seropositivity (VISP; 62%). Stigma was not found to be an important barrier, with a general view that vaccination status was personal. Participants in the ‘at-risk’ group were the most likely to accept an HIV vaccine (70%). Unique concerns in the subgroups included how a potential vaccine’s clinical profile compared with PrEP, voiced by those receiving/considering PrEP, and considerations of children’s views on the topic, voiced by parents/caregivers. Conclusions Understanding these factors could help develop HIV vaccine research strategies and contribute toward public health messaging to support future HIV vaccination programs. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Autor*in:	Aldhouse, Natalie V. J. [verfasserIn] Chan, Eric K. H. [verfasserIn] Al-zubeidi, Tamara [verfasserIn] McKee, Stephanie [verfasserIn] Oriol Mathieu, Valérie [verfasserIn] El khoury, Antoine C. [verfasserIn] Kitchen, Helen [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2024

Anmerkung:	© The Author(s) 2024

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: The Patient - Springer International Publishing, 2008, 17(2024), 4 vom: 06. Apr., Seite 457-469
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:17 ; year:2024 ; number:4 ; day:06 ; month:04 ; pages:457-469

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1007/s40271-024-00686-7

Katalog-ID:	SPR056310692