Spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels in an Olama–Ngomedzap road section in a humid tropical area (Cameroon)

Abstract Searching for borrow pits often used during civil engineering constructions is an important step that requires a lot of time and money. The nature of the parent rock, climate, topography, vegetation and time influence the formation of lateritic gravels with different geotechnical properties...
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Autor*in:	Mveng, Marie Diane Marquise Ngono [verfasserIn] Zame, Philémon Zo’o [verfasserIn] Bayamack, Joel Fabrice Nyemb [verfasserIn] Bisso, Dieudonné [verfasserIn] Atangana, Joseph Quentin Yene [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2024

Schlagwörter:	Geotechnical parameters Lateritic gravels Ferrallitic soils Statistical analysis Humid tropical area

Anmerkung:	© The Author(s) 2024

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Discover applied sciences - Springer International Publishing, 2024, 6(2024), 7 vom: 27. Juni
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:6 ; year:2024 ; number:7 ; day:27 ; month:06

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1007/s42452-024-06012-y

Katalog-ID:	SPR056394314

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520			\|a Abstract Searching for borrow pits often used during civil engineering constructions is an important step that requires a lot of time and money. The nature of the parent rock, climate, topography, vegetation and time influence the formation of lateritic gravels with different geotechnical properties within the same region. The present study aims at finding the spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels from two different deposits using a variogram and statistical analysis. Out of 122 lateritic gravel samples collected, 69 were from underdeveloped lithic ferrallitic soils (LFS) and 53 from under developed non-lithic ferrallitic soils (NLFS). The mean values of the coefficient of variation (CV) shows that the geotechnical parameters of LFS-derived lateritic gravels are more dispersed than those developed on NLFS. The fines content, plasticity index (PI) and Californian bearing ratio (CBR) variograms observed mainly in the North and NNE parts of the study area, suggest that, the lateritic gravels in this area have average to good geotechnical characteristics. The principal component analysis (PCA) indicates that the CBR and the maximum dry density (MDD) are inversely related to the optimum moisture content (OMC). The discriminant factor analysis (DFA) coupled to the ascending hierarchical classification (AHC) shows three families of lateritic gravels: (1) class 1/3, lateritic gravels characterized by MDD, CBR, consistency index (CI), gravels content, and plastic limit (PL); (2) class 2/3, lateritic gravels characterized by fines content, and maximum grain diameter ($ D_{max} $) and, (3) class 3/3, lateritic gravels characterized by OMC, liquid limit (LL), PI, PL, and fines content, that fit for road construction.
520			\|a Article highlights Lateritic gravels developed on lithic ferrallitic soils have the best geotechnical properties, the more they are dispersed than those derived to non-lithic ferrallitic soils.The lateritic gravels with average to good geotechnical properties were observed to the North and NNE parts of the study area.Lateritic gravels of classes 1/3, 2/3 and 3/3 were the three families of lateritic gravels founded in the study area
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allfields	10.1007/s42452-024-06012-y doi (DE-627)SPR056394314 (SPR)s42452-024-06012-y-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Mveng, Marie Diane Marquise Ngono verfasserin aut Spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels in an Olama–Ngomedzap road section in a humid tropical area (Cameroon) 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Abstract Searching for borrow pits often used during civil engineering constructions is an important step that requires a lot of time and money. The nature of the parent rock, climate, topography, vegetation and time influence the formation of lateritic gravels with different geotechnical properties within the same region. The present study aims at finding the spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels from two different deposits using a variogram and statistical analysis. Out of 122 lateritic gravel samples collected, 69 were from underdeveloped lithic ferrallitic soils (LFS) and 53 from under developed non-lithic ferrallitic soils (NLFS). The mean values of the coefficient of variation (CV) shows that the geotechnical parameters of LFS-derived lateritic gravels are more dispersed than those developed on NLFS. The fines content, plasticity index (PI) and Californian bearing ratio (CBR) variograms observed mainly in the North and NNE parts of the study area, suggest that, the lateritic gravels in this area have average to good geotechnical characteristics. The principal component analysis (PCA) indicates that the CBR and the maximum dry density (MDD) are inversely related to the optimum moisture content (OMC). The discriminant factor analysis (DFA) coupled to the ascending hierarchical classification (AHC) shows three families of lateritic gravels: (1) class 1/3, lateritic gravels characterized by MDD, CBR, consistency index (CI), gravels content, and plastic limit (PL); (2) class 2/3, lateritic gravels characterized by fines content, and maximum grain diameter ($ D_{max} $) and, (3) class 3/3, lateritic gravels characterized by OMC, liquid limit (LL), PI, PL, and fines content, that fit for road construction. Article highlights Lateritic gravels developed on lithic ferrallitic soils have the best geotechnical properties, the more they are dispersed than those derived to non-lithic ferrallitic soils.The lateritic gravels with average to good geotechnical properties were observed to the North and NNE parts of the study area.Lateritic gravels of classes 1/3, 2/3 and 3/3 were the three families of lateritic gravels founded in the study area Geotechnical parameters (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lateritic gravels (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ferrallitic soils (dpeaa)DE-He213 Statistical analysis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Humid tropical area (dpeaa)DE-He213 Zame, Philémon Zo’o verfasserin aut Bayamack, Joel Fabrice Nyemb verfasserin aut Bisso, Dieudonné verfasserin aut Atangana, Joseph Quentin Yene verfasserin aut Enthalten in Discover applied sciences Springer International Publishing, 2024 6(2024), 7 vom: 27. Juni Online-Ressource (DE-627)1882945751 (DE-600)3181295-8 3004-9261 nnns volume:6 year:2024 number:7 day:27 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-024-06012-y X:SPRINGER Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 6 2024 7 27 06
spelling	10.1007/s42452-024-06012-y doi (DE-627)SPR056394314 (SPR)s42452-024-06012-y-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Mveng, Marie Diane Marquise Ngono verfasserin aut Spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels in an Olama–Ngomedzap road section in a humid tropical area (Cameroon) 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Abstract Searching for borrow pits often used during civil engineering constructions is an important step that requires a lot of time and money. The nature of the parent rock, climate, topography, vegetation and time influence the formation of lateritic gravels with different geotechnical properties within the same region. The present study aims at finding the spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels from two different deposits using a variogram and statistical analysis. Out of 122 lateritic gravel samples collected, 69 were from underdeveloped lithic ferrallitic soils (LFS) and 53 from under developed non-lithic ferrallitic soils (NLFS). The mean values of the coefficient of variation (CV) shows that the geotechnical parameters of LFS-derived lateritic gravels are more dispersed than those developed on NLFS. The fines content, plasticity index (PI) and Californian bearing ratio (CBR) variograms observed mainly in the North and NNE parts of the study area, suggest that, the lateritic gravels in this area have average to good geotechnical characteristics. The principal component analysis (PCA) indicates that the CBR and the maximum dry density (MDD) are inversely related to the optimum moisture content (OMC). The discriminant factor analysis (DFA) coupled to the ascending hierarchical classification (AHC) shows three families of lateritic gravels: (1) class 1/3, lateritic gravels characterized by MDD, CBR, consistency index (CI), gravels content, and plastic limit (PL); (2) class 2/3, lateritic gravels characterized by fines content, and maximum grain diameter ($ D_{max} $) and, (3) class 3/3, lateritic gravels characterized by OMC, liquid limit (LL), PI, PL, and fines content, that fit for road construction. Article highlights Lateritic gravels developed on lithic ferrallitic soils have the best geotechnical properties, the more they are dispersed than those derived to non-lithic ferrallitic soils.The lateritic gravels with average to good geotechnical properties were observed to the North and NNE parts of the study area.Lateritic gravels of classes 1/3, 2/3 and 3/3 were the three families of lateritic gravels founded in the study area Geotechnical parameters (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lateritic gravels (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ferrallitic soils (dpeaa)DE-He213 Statistical analysis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Humid tropical area (dpeaa)DE-He213 Zame, Philémon Zo’o verfasserin aut Bayamack, Joel Fabrice Nyemb verfasserin aut Bisso, Dieudonné verfasserin aut Atangana, Joseph Quentin Yene verfasserin aut Enthalten in Discover applied sciences Springer International Publishing, 2024 6(2024), 7 vom: 27. Juni Online-Ressource (DE-627)1882945751 (DE-600)3181295-8 3004-9261 nnns volume:6 year:2024 number:7 day:27 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-024-06012-y X:SPRINGER Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 6 2024 7 27 06
allfields_unstemmed	10.1007/s42452-024-06012-y doi (DE-627)SPR056394314 (SPR)s42452-024-06012-y-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Mveng, Marie Diane Marquise Ngono verfasserin aut Spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels in an Olama–Ngomedzap road section in a humid tropical area (Cameroon) 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Abstract Searching for borrow pits often used during civil engineering constructions is an important step that requires a lot of time and money. The nature of the parent rock, climate, topography, vegetation and time influence the formation of lateritic gravels with different geotechnical properties within the same region. The present study aims at finding the spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels from two different deposits using a variogram and statistical analysis. Out of 122 lateritic gravel samples collected, 69 were from underdeveloped lithic ferrallitic soils (LFS) and 53 from under developed non-lithic ferrallitic soils (NLFS). The mean values of the coefficient of variation (CV) shows that the geotechnical parameters of LFS-derived lateritic gravels are more dispersed than those developed on NLFS. The fines content, plasticity index (PI) and Californian bearing ratio (CBR) variograms observed mainly in the North and NNE parts of the study area, suggest that, the lateritic gravels in this area have average to good geotechnical characteristics. The principal component analysis (PCA) indicates that the CBR and the maximum dry density (MDD) are inversely related to the optimum moisture content (OMC). The discriminant factor analysis (DFA) coupled to the ascending hierarchical classification (AHC) shows three families of lateritic gravels: (1) class 1/3, lateritic gravels characterized by MDD, CBR, consistency index (CI), gravels content, and plastic limit (PL); (2) class 2/3, lateritic gravels characterized by fines content, and maximum grain diameter ($ D_{max} $) and, (3) class 3/3, lateritic gravels characterized by OMC, liquid limit (LL), PI, PL, and fines content, that fit for road construction. Article highlights Lateritic gravels developed on lithic ferrallitic soils have the best geotechnical properties, the more they are dispersed than those derived to non-lithic ferrallitic soils.The lateritic gravels with average to good geotechnical properties were observed to the North and NNE parts of the study area.Lateritic gravels of classes 1/3, 2/3 and 3/3 were the three families of lateritic gravels founded in the study area Geotechnical parameters (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lateritic gravels (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ferrallitic soils (dpeaa)DE-He213 Statistical analysis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Humid tropical area (dpeaa)DE-He213 Zame, Philémon Zo’o verfasserin aut Bayamack, Joel Fabrice Nyemb verfasserin aut Bisso, Dieudonné verfasserin aut Atangana, Joseph Quentin Yene verfasserin aut Enthalten in Discover applied sciences Springer International Publishing, 2024 6(2024), 7 vom: 27. Juni Online-Ressource (DE-627)1882945751 (DE-600)3181295-8 3004-9261 nnns volume:6 year:2024 number:7 day:27 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-024-06012-y X:SPRINGER Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 6 2024 7 27 06
allfieldsGer	10.1007/s42452-024-06012-y doi (DE-627)SPR056394314 (SPR)s42452-024-06012-y-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Mveng, Marie Diane Marquise Ngono verfasserin aut Spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels in an Olama–Ngomedzap road section in a humid tropical area (Cameroon) 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Abstract Searching for borrow pits often used during civil engineering constructions is an important step that requires a lot of time and money. The nature of the parent rock, climate, topography, vegetation and time influence the formation of lateritic gravels with different geotechnical properties within the same region. The present study aims at finding the spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels from two different deposits using a variogram and statistical analysis. Out of 122 lateritic gravel samples collected, 69 were from underdeveloped lithic ferrallitic soils (LFS) and 53 from under developed non-lithic ferrallitic soils (NLFS). The mean values of the coefficient of variation (CV) shows that the geotechnical parameters of LFS-derived lateritic gravels are more dispersed than those developed on NLFS. The fines content, plasticity index (PI) and Californian bearing ratio (CBR) variograms observed mainly in the North and NNE parts of the study area, suggest that, the lateritic gravels in this area have average to good geotechnical characteristics. The principal component analysis (PCA) indicates that the CBR and the maximum dry density (MDD) are inversely related to the optimum moisture content (OMC). The discriminant factor analysis (DFA) coupled to the ascending hierarchical classification (AHC) shows three families of lateritic gravels: (1) class 1/3, lateritic gravels characterized by MDD, CBR, consistency index (CI), gravels content, and plastic limit (PL); (2) class 2/3, lateritic gravels characterized by fines content, and maximum grain diameter ($ D_{max} $) and, (3) class 3/3, lateritic gravels characterized by OMC, liquid limit (LL), PI, PL, and fines content, that fit for road construction. Article highlights Lateritic gravels developed on lithic ferrallitic soils have the best geotechnical properties, the more they are dispersed than those derived to non-lithic ferrallitic soils.The lateritic gravels with average to good geotechnical properties were observed to the North and NNE parts of the study area.Lateritic gravels of classes 1/3, 2/3 and 3/3 were the three families of lateritic gravels founded in the study area Geotechnical parameters (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lateritic gravels (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ferrallitic soils (dpeaa)DE-He213 Statistical analysis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Humid tropical area (dpeaa)DE-He213 Zame, Philémon Zo’o verfasserin aut Bayamack, Joel Fabrice Nyemb verfasserin aut Bisso, Dieudonné verfasserin aut Atangana, Joseph Quentin Yene verfasserin aut Enthalten in Discover applied sciences Springer International Publishing, 2024 6(2024), 7 vom: 27. Juni Online-Ressource (DE-627)1882945751 (DE-600)3181295-8 3004-9261 nnns volume:6 year:2024 number:7 day:27 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-024-06012-y X:SPRINGER Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 6 2024 7 27 06
allfieldsSound	10.1007/s42452-024-06012-y doi (DE-627)SPR056394314 (SPR)s42452-024-06012-y-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Mveng, Marie Diane Marquise Ngono verfasserin aut Spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels in an Olama–Ngomedzap road section in a humid tropical area (Cameroon) 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Abstract Searching for borrow pits often used during civil engineering constructions is an important step that requires a lot of time and money. The nature of the parent rock, climate, topography, vegetation and time influence the formation of lateritic gravels with different geotechnical properties within the same region. The present study aims at finding the spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels from two different deposits using a variogram and statistical analysis. Out of 122 lateritic gravel samples collected, 69 were from underdeveloped lithic ferrallitic soils (LFS) and 53 from under developed non-lithic ferrallitic soils (NLFS). The mean values of the coefficient of variation (CV) shows that the geotechnical parameters of LFS-derived lateritic gravels are more dispersed than those developed on NLFS. The fines content, plasticity index (PI) and Californian bearing ratio (CBR) variograms observed mainly in the North and NNE parts of the study area, suggest that, the lateritic gravels in this area have average to good geotechnical characteristics. The principal component analysis (PCA) indicates that the CBR and the maximum dry density (MDD) are inversely related to the optimum moisture content (OMC). The discriminant factor analysis (DFA) coupled to the ascending hierarchical classification (AHC) shows three families of lateritic gravels: (1) class 1/3, lateritic gravels characterized by MDD, CBR, consistency index (CI), gravels content, and plastic limit (PL); (2) class 2/3, lateritic gravels characterized by fines content, and maximum grain diameter ($ D_{max} $) and, (3) class 3/3, lateritic gravels characterized by OMC, liquid limit (LL), PI, PL, and fines content, that fit for road construction. Article highlights Lateritic gravels developed on lithic ferrallitic soils have the best geotechnical properties, the more they are dispersed than those derived to non-lithic ferrallitic soils.The lateritic gravels with average to good geotechnical properties were observed to the North and NNE parts of the study area.Lateritic gravels of classes 1/3, 2/3 and 3/3 were the three families of lateritic gravels founded in the study area Geotechnical parameters (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lateritic gravels (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ferrallitic soils (dpeaa)DE-He213 Statistical analysis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Humid tropical area (dpeaa)DE-He213 Zame, Philémon Zo’o verfasserin aut Bayamack, Joel Fabrice Nyemb verfasserin aut Bisso, Dieudonné verfasserin aut Atangana, Joseph Quentin Yene verfasserin aut Enthalten in Discover applied sciences Springer International Publishing, 2024 6(2024), 7 vom: 27. Juni Online-Ressource (DE-627)1882945751 (DE-600)3181295-8 3004-9261 nnns volume:6 year:2024 number:7 day:27 month:06 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-024-06012-y X:SPRINGER Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 6 2024 7 27 06
language	English
source	Enthalten in Discover applied sciences 6(2024), 7 vom: 27. Juni volume:6 year:2024 number:7 day:27 month:06
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author	Mveng, Marie Diane Marquise Ngono
spellingShingle	Mveng, Marie Diane Marquise Ngono misc Geotechnical parameters misc Lateritic gravels misc Ferrallitic soils misc Statistical analysis misc Humid tropical area Spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels in an Olama–Ngomedzap road section in a humid tropical area (Cameroon)
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topic_title	Spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels in an Olama–Ngomedzap road section in a humid tropical area (Cameroon) Geotechnical parameters (dpeaa)DE-He213 Lateritic gravels (dpeaa)DE-He213 Ferrallitic soils (dpeaa)DE-He213 Statistical analysis (dpeaa)DE-He213 Humid tropical area (dpeaa)DE-He213
topic	misc Geotechnical parameters misc Lateritic gravels misc Ferrallitic soils misc Statistical analysis misc Humid tropical area
topic_unstemmed	misc Geotechnical parameters misc Lateritic gravels misc Ferrallitic soils misc Statistical analysis misc Humid tropical area
topic_browse	misc Geotechnical parameters misc Lateritic gravels misc Ferrallitic soils misc Statistical analysis misc Humid tropical area
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title	Spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels in an Olama–Ngomedzap road section in a humid tropical area (Cameroon)
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title_full	Spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels in an Olama–Ngomedzap road section in a humid tropical area (Cameroon)
author_sort	Mveng, Marie Diane Marquise Ngono
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author_browse	Mveng, Marie Diane Marquise Ngono Zame, Philémon Zo’o Bayamack, Joel Fabrice Nyemb Bisso, Dieudonné Atangana, Joseph Quentin Yene
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author-letter	Mveng, Marie Diane Marquise Ngono
doi_str_mv	10.1007/s42452-024-06012-y
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title_sort	spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels in an olama–ngomedzap road section in a humid tropical area (cameroon)
title_auth	Spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels in an Olama–Ngomedzap road section in a humid tropical area (Cameroon)
abstract	Abstract Searching for borrow pits often used during civil engineering constructions is an important step that requires a lot of time and money. The nature of the parent rock, climate, topography, vegetation and time influence the formation of lateritic gravels with different geotechnical properties within the same region. The present study aims at finding the spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels from two different deposits using a variogram and statistical analysis. Out of 122 lateritic gravel samples collected, 69 were from underdeveloped lithic ferrallitic soils (LFS) and 53 from under developed non-lithic ferrallitic soils (NLFS). The mean values of the coefficient of variation (CV) shows that the geotechnical parameters of LFS-derived lateritic gravels are more dispersed than those developed on NLFS. The fines content, plasticity index (PI) and Californian bearing ratio (CBR) variograms observed mainly in the North and NNE parts of the study area, suggest that, the lateritic gravels in this area have average to good geotechnical characteristics. The principal component analysis (PCA) indicates that the CBR and the maximum dry density (MDD) are inversely related to the optimum moisture content (OMC). The discriminant factor analysis (DFA) coupled to the ascending hierarchical classification (AHC) shows three families of lateritic gravels: (1) class 1/3, lateritic gravels characterized by MDD, CBR, consistency index (CI), gravels content, and plastic limit (PL); (2) class 2/3, lateritic gravels characterized by fines content, and maximum grain diameter ($ D_{max} $) and, (3) class 3/3, lateritic gravels characterized by OMC, liquid limit (LL), PI, PL, and fines content, that fit for road construction. Article highlights Lateritic gravels developed on lithic ferrallitic soils have the best geotechnical properties, the more they are dispersed than those derived to non-lithic ferrallitic soils.The lateritic gravels with average to good geotechnical properties were observed to the North and NNE parts of the study area.Lateritic gravels of classes 1/3, 2/3 and 3/3 were the three families of lateritic gravels founded in the study area © The Author(s) 2024
abstractGer	Abstract Searching for borrow pits often used during civil engineering constructions is an important step that requires a lot of time and money. The nature of the parent rock, climate, topography, vegetation and time influence the formation of lateritic gravels with different geotechnical properties within the same region. The present study aims at finding the spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels from two different deposits using a variogram and statistical analysis. Out of 122 lateritic gravel samples collected, 69 were from underdeveloped lithic ferrallitic soils (LFS) and 53 from under developed non-lithic ferrallitic soils (NLFS). The mean values of the coefficient of variation (CV) shows that the geotechnical parameters of LFS-derived lateritic gravels are more dispersed than those developed on NLFS. The fines content, plasticity index (PI) and Californian bearing ratio (CBR) variograms observed mainly in the North and NNE parts of the study area, suggest that, the lateritic gravels in this area have average to good geotechnical characteristics. The principal component analysis (PCA) indicates that the CBR and the maximum dry density (MDD) are inversely related to the optimum moisture content (OMC). The discriminant factor analysis (DFA) coupled to the ascending hierarchical classification (AHC) shows three families of lateritic gravels: (1) class 1/3, lateritic gravels characterized by MDD, CBR, consistency index (CI), gravels content, and plastic limit (PL); (2) class 2/3, lateritic gravels characterized by fines content, and maximum grain diameter ($ D_{max} $) and, (3) class 3/3, lateritic gravels characterized by OMC, liquid limit (LL), PI, PL, and fines content, that fit for road construction. Article highlights Lateritic gravels developed on lithic ferrallitic soils have the best geotechnical properties, the more they are dispersed than those derived to non-lithic ferrallitic soils.The lateritic gravels with average to good geotechnical properties were observed to the North and NNE parts of the study area.Lateritic gravels of classes 1/3, 2/3 and 3/3 were the three families of lateritic gravels founded in the study area © The Author(s) 2024
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract Searching for borrow pits often used during civil engineering constructions is an important step that requires a lot of time and money. The nature of the parent rock, climate, topography, vegetation and time influence the formation of lateritic gravels with different geotechnical properties within the same region. The present study aims at finding the spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels from two different deposits using a variogram and statistical analysis. Out of 122 lateritic gravel samples collected, 69 were from underdeveloped lithic ferrallitic soils (LFS) and 53 from under developed non-lithic ferrallitic soils (NLFS). The mean values of the coefficient of variation (CV) shows that the geotechnical parameters of LFS-derived lateritic gravels are more dispersed than those developed on NLFS. The fines content, plasticity index (PI) and Californian bearing ratio (CBR) variograms observed mainly in the North and NNE parts of the study area, suggest that, the lateritic gravels in this area have average to good geotechnical characteristics. The principal component analysis (PCA) indicates that the CBR and the maximum dry density (MDD) are inversely related to the optimum moisture content (OMC). The discriminant factor analysis (DFA) coupled to the ascending hierarchical classification (AHC) shows three families of lateritic gravels: (1) class 1/3, lateritic gravels characterized by MDD, CBR, consistency index (CI), gravels content, and plastic limit (PL); (2) class 2/3, lateritic gravels characterized by fines content, and maximum grain diameter ($ D_{max} $) and, (3) class 3/3, lateritic gravels characterized by OMC, liquid limit (LL), PI, PL, and fines content, that fit for road construction. Article highlights Lateritic gravels developed on lithic ferrallitic soils have the best geotechnical properties, the more they are dispersed than those derived to non-lithic ferrallitic soils.The lateritic gravels with average to good geotechnical properties were observed to the North and NNE parts of the study area.Lateritic gravels of classes 1/3, 2/3 and 3/3 were the three families of lateritic gravels founded in the study area © The Author(s) 2024
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container_issue	7
title_short	Spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels in an Olama–Ngomedzap road section in a humid tropical area (Cameroon)
url	https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-024-06012-y
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author2	Zame, Philémon Zo’o Bayamack, Joel Fabrice Nyemb Bisso, Dieudonné Atangana, Joseph Quentin Yene
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up_date	2024-07-03T22:08:24.762Z
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Spatial variability of geotechnical parameters of lateritic gravels in an Olama–Ngomedzap road section in a humid tropical area (Cameroon)

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