Compost quality, earthworm activities and microbial communities in biochar-augmented vermicomposting of dewatered activated sludge: the role of biochar particle size
Vermicomposting utilizes the synergistic effect of earthworms with microorganisms to accelerate the stabilization of organic matter in biowastes. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism behind the maturity of vermicompost and the growth of earthworms exposed to biochar of varying particle sizes remains un...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Peng, Wei [verfasserIn] Wang, Yue [verfasserIn] Cui, Guangyu [verfasserIn] Xu, Qiyong [verfasserIn] Zhang, Hua [verfasserIn] He, Pinjing [verfasserIn] Lü, Fan [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2024 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Anmerkung: |
© The Author(s) 2024 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Biochar - Springer Nature Singapore, 2019, 6(2024), 1 vom: 14. Aug. |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:6 ; year:2024 ; number:1 ; day:14 ; month:08 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1007/s42773-024-00365-8 |
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SPR056961901 |
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| 520 | |a Vermicomposting utilizes the synergistic effect of earthworms with microorganisms to accelerate the stabilization of organic matter in biowastes. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism behind the maturity of vermicompost and the growth of earthworms exposed to biochar of varying particle sizes remains unclear. This study presents an investigation of the effect of biochar particle size on earthworm (Eisenia fetida) survival, microbial diversity, and the quality of vermicompost products. To address these issues, pelletized dewatered sludge samples from a municipal sewage treatment plant were amended with pine-based biochar with particle sizes of 1–2 mm, 25–75 μm, 200 nm, and 60 nm as the substrate for vermicomposting. This study revealed that the addition of millimeter-scale biochar and micron-scale biochar significantly promoted the degradation of organic matter since the organic matter in the treatment with 1–2 mm biochar at the end of the vermicomposting experiment decreased by 12.6%, which was equivalent to a 1.9-fold increase compared with that of the control. Excessive nanopowdering of nanobiochar significantly affected the survival of earthworms and led to 24.4–33.3% cumulative mortality, while millimeter-scale (mm) biochar and micron-scale (μm) biochar achieved zero mortality. The findings of this study could be used for evaluating the potential impact of nanoscale biochar to earthworms and guiding biochar-augmented vermicomposting. Graphical Abstract | ||
| 520 | |a Highlights The addition of 1–2 mm biochar resulted in a 1.9-fold greater reduction in organic matter compared to the control group.The introduction of 25–75 μm biochar led to a significant 94% increase in earthworm cocoons.The cumulative mortality rates of 200 nm and 60 nm biochar amendment reached peaks of 33.3% and 24.4% at first week, respectively.Earthworms excrete mucus that effectively removes attached nanobiochar. | ||
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| 700 | 1 | |a He, Pinjing |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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10.1007/s42773-024-00365-8 doi (DE-627)SPR056961901 (SPR)s42773-024-00365-8-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Peng, Wei verfasserin aut Compost quality, earthworm activities and microbial communities in biochar-augmented vermicomposting of dewatered activated sludge: the role of biochar particle size 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Vermicomposting utilizes the synergistic effect of earthworms with microorganisms to accelerate the stabilization of organic matter in biowastes. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism behind the maturity of vermicompost and the growth of earthworms exposed to biochar of varying particle sizes remains unclear. This study presents an investigation of the effect of biochar particle size on earthworm (Eisenia fetida) survival, microbial diversity, and the quality of vermicompost products. To address these issues, pelletized dewatered sludge samples from a municipal sewage treatment plant were amended with pine-based biochar with particle sizes of 1–2 mm, 25–75 μm, 200 nm, and 60 nm as the substrate for vermicomposting. This study revealed that the addition of millimeter-scale biochar and micron-scale biochar significantly promoted the degradation of organic matter since the organic matter in the treatment with 1–2 mm biochar at the end of the vermicomposting experiment decreased by 12.6%, which was equivalent to a 1.9-fold increase compared with that of the control. Excessive nanopowdering of nanobiochar significantly affected the survival of earthworms and led to 24.4–33.3% cumulative mortality, while millimeter-scale (mm) biochar and micron-scale (μm) biochar achieved zero mortality. The findings of this study could be used for evaluating the potential impact of nanoscale biochar to earthworms and guiding biochar-augmented vermicomposting. Graphical Abstract Highlights The addition of 1–2 mm biochar resulted in a 1.9-fold greater reduction in organic matter compared to the control group.The introduction of 25–75 μm biochar led to a significant 94% increase in earthworm cocoons.The cumulative mortality rates of 200 nm and 60 nm biochar amendment reached peaks of 33.3% and 24.4% at first week, respectively.Earthworms excrete mucus that effectively removes attached nanobiochar. Sewage sludge (dpeaa)DE-He213 Vermicomposting (dpeaa)DE-He213 Biochar (dpeaa)DE-He213 Particle sizes (dpeaa)DE-He213 Gut microbes (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wang, Yue verfasserin aut Cui, Guangyu verfasserin aut Xu, Qiyong verfasserin aut Zhang, Hua verfasserin aut He, Pinjing verfasserin aut Lü, Fan verfasserin aut Enthalten in Biochar Springer Nature Singapore, 2019 6(2024), 1 vom: 14. Aug. (DE-627)1041201680 (DE-600)2951502-6 2524-7867 nnns volume:6 year:2024 number:1 day:14 month:08 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42773-024-00365-8 X:SPRINGER Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 6 2024 1 14 08 |
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10.1007/s42773-024-00365-8 doi (DE-627)SPR056961901 (SPR)s42773-024-00365-8-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Peng, Wei verfasserin aut Compost quality, earthworm activities and microbial communities in biochar-augmented vermicomposting of dewatered activated sludge: the role of biochar particle size 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Vermicomposting utilizes the synergistic effect of earthworms with microorganisms to accelerate the stabilization of organic matter in biowastes. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism behind the maturity of vermicompost and the growth of earthworms exposed to biochar of varying particle sizes remains unclear. This study presents an investigation of the effect of biochar particle size on earthworm (Eisenia fetida) survival, microbial diversity, and the quality of vermicompost products. To address these issues, pelletized dewatered sludge samples from a municipal sewage treatment plant were amended with pine-based biochar with particle sizes of 1–2 mm, 25–75 μm, 200 nm, and 60 nm as the substrate for vermicomposting. This study revealed that the addition of millimeter-scale biochar and micron-scale biochar significantly promoted the degradation of organic matter since the organic matter in the treatment with 1–2 mm biochar at the end of the vermicomposting experiment decreased by 12.6%, which was equivalent to a 1.9-fold increase compared with that of the control. Excessive nanopowdering of nanobiochar significantly affected the survival of earthworms and led to 24.4–33.3% cumulative mortality, while millimeter-scale (mm) biochar and micron-scale (μm) biochar achieved zero mortality. The findings of this study could be used for evaluating the potential impact of nanoscale biochar to earthworms and guiding biochar-augmented vermicomposting. Graphical Abstract Highlights The addition of 1–2 mm biochar resulted in a 1.9-fold greater reduction in organic matter compared to the control group.The introduction of 25–75 μm biochar led to a significant 94% increase in earthworm cocoons.The cumulative mortality rates of 200 nm and 60 nm biochar amendment reached peaks of 33.3% and 24.4% at first week, respectively.Earthworms excrete mucus that effectively removes attached nanobiochar. Sewage sludge (dpeaa)DE-He213 Vermicomposting (dpeaa)DE-He213 Biochar (dpeaa)DE-He213 Particle sizes (dpeaa)DE-He213 Gut microbes (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wang, Yue verfasserin aut Cui, Guangyu verfasserin aut Xu, Qiyong verfasserin aut Zhang, Hua verfasserin aut He, Pinjing verfasserin aut Lü, Fan verfasserin aut Enthalten in Biochar Springer Nature Singapore, 2019 6(2024), 1 vom: 14. Aug. (DE-627)1041201680 (DE-600)2951502-6 2524-7867 nnns volume:6 year:2024 number:1 day:14 month:08 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42773-024-00365-8 X:SPRINGER Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 6 2024 1 14 08 |
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10.1007/s42773-024-00365-8 doi (DE-627)SPR056961901 (SPR)s42773-024-00365-8-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Peng, Wei verfasserin aut Compost quality, earthworm activities and microbial communities in biochar-augmented vermicomposting of dewatered activated sludge: the role of biochar particle size 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Vermicomposting utilizes the synergistic effect of earthworms with microorganisms to accelerate the stabilization of organic matter in biowastes. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism behind the maturity of vermicompost and the growth of earthworms exposed to biochar of varying particle sizes remains unclear. This study presents an investigation of the effect of biochar particle size on earthworm (Eisenia fetida) survival, microbial diversity, and the quality of vermicompost products. To address these issues, pelletized dewatered sludge samples from a municipal sewage treatment plant were amended with pine-based biochar with particle sizes of 1–2 mm, 25–75 μm, 200 nm, and 60 nm as the substrate for vermicomposting. This study revealed that the addition of millimeter-scale biochar and micron-scale biochar significantly promoted the degradation of organic matter since the organic matter in the treatment with 1–2 mm biochar at the end of the vermicomposting experiment decreased by 12.6%, which was equivalent to a 1.9-fold increase compared with that of the control. Excessive nanopowdering of nanobiochar significantly affected the survival of earthworms and led to 24.4–33.3% cumulative mortality, while millimeter-scale (mm) biochar and micron-scale (μm) biochar achieved zero mortality. The findings of this study could be used for evaluating the potential impact of nanoscale biochar to earthworms and guiding biochar-augmented vermicomposting. Graphical Abstract Highlights The addition of 1–2 mm biochar resulted in a 1.9-fold greater reduction in organic matter compared to the control group.The introduction of 25–75 μm biochar led to a significant 94% increase in earthworm cocoons.The cumulative mortality rates of 200 nm and 60 nm biochar amendment reached peaks of 33.3% and 24.4% at first week, respectively.Earthworms excrete mucus that effectively removes attached nanobiochar. Sewage sludge (dpeaa)DE-He213 Vermicomposting (dpeaa)DE-He213 Biochar (dpeaa)DE-He213 Particle sizes (dpeaa)DE-He213 Gut microbes (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wang, Yue verfasserin aut Cui, Guangyu verfasserin aut Xu, Qiyong verfasserin aut Zhang, Hua verfasserin aut He, Pinjing verfasserin aut Lü, Fan verfasserin aut Enthalten in Biochar Springer Nature Singapore, 2019 6(2024), 1 vom: 14. Aug. (DE-627)1041201680 (DE-600)2951502-6 2524-7867 nnns volume:6 year:2024 number:1 day:14 month:08 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42773-024-00365-8 X:SPRINGER Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 6 2024 1 14 08 |
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10.1007/s42773-024-00365-8 doi (DE-627)SPR056961901 (SPR)s42773-024-00365-8-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Peng, Wei verfasserin aut Compost quality, earthworm activities and microbial communities in biochar-augmented vermicomposting of dewatered activated sludge: the role of biochar particle size 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Vermicomposting utilizes the synergistic effect of earthworms with microorganisms to accelerate the stabilization of organic matter in biowastes. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism behind the maturity of vermicompost and the growth of earthworms exposed to biochar of varying particle sizes remains unclear. This study presents an investigation of the effect of biochar particle size on earthworm (Eisenia fetida) survival, microbial diversity, and the quality of vermicompost products. To address these issues, pelletized dewatered sludge samples from a municipal sewage treatment plant were amended with pine-based biochar with particle sizes of 1–2 mm, 25–75 μm, 200 nm, and 60 nm as the substrate for vermicomposting. This study revealed that the addition of millimeter-scale biochar and micron-scale biochar significantly promoted the degradation of organic matter since the organic matter in the treatment with 1–2 mm biochar at the end of the vermicomposting experiment decreased by 12.6%, which was equivalent to a 1.9-fold increase compared with that of the control. Excessive nanopowdering of nanobiochar significantly affected the survival of earthworms and led to 24.4–33.3% cumulative mortality, while millimeter-scale (mm) biochar and micron-scale (μm) biochar achieved zero mortality. The findings of this study could be used for evaluating the potential impact of nanoscale biochar to earthworms and guiding biochar-augmented vermicomposting. Graphical Abstract Highlights The addition of 1–2 mm biochar resulted in a 1.9-fold greater reduction in organic matter compared to the control group.The introduction of 25–75 μm biochar led to a significant 94% increase in earthworm cocoons.The cumulative mortality rates of 200 nm and 60 nm biochar amendment reached peaks of 33.3% and 24.4% at first week, respectively.Earthworms excrete mucus that effectively removes attached nanobiochar. Sewage sludge (dpeaa)DE-He213 Vermicomposting (dpeaa)DE-He213 Biochar (dpeaa)DE-He213 Particle sizes (dpeaa)DE-He213 Gut microbes (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wang, Yue verfasserin aut Cui, Guangyu verfasserin aut Xu, Qiyong verfasserin aut Zhang, Hua verfasserin aut He, Pinjing verfasserin aut Lü, Fan verfasserin aut Enthalten in Biochar Springer Nature Singapore, 2019 6(2024), 1 vom: 14. Aug. (DE-627)1041201680 (DE-600)2951502-6 2524-7867 nnns volume:6 year:2024 number:1 day:14 month:08 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42773-024-00365-8 X:SPRINGER Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 6 2024 1 14 08 |
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10.1007/s42773-024-00365-8 doi (DE-627)SPR056961901 (SPR)s42773-024-00365-8-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Peng, Wei verfasserin aut Compost quality, earthworm activities and microbial communities in biochar-augmented vermicomposting of dewatered activated sludge: the role of biochar particle size 2024 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s) 2024 Vermicomposting utilizes the synergistic effect of earthworms with microorganisms to accelerate the stabilization of organic matter in biowastes. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism behind the maturity of vermicompost and the growth of earthworms exposed to biochar of varying particle sizes remains unclear. This study presents an investigation of the effect of biochar particle size on earthworm (Eisenia fetida) survival, microbial diversity, and the quality of vermicompost products. To address these issues, pelletized dewatered sludge samples from a municipal sewage treatment plant were amended with pine-based biochar with particle sizes of 1–2 mm, 25–75 μm, 200 nm, and 60 nm as the substrate for vermicomposting. This study revealed that the addition of millimeter-scale biochar and micron-scale biochar significantly promoted the degradation of organic matter since the organic matter in the treatment with 1–2 mm biochar at the end of the vermicomposting experiment decreased by 12.6%, which was equivalent to a 1.9-fold increase compared with that of the control. Excessive nanopowdering of nanobiochar significantly affected the survival of earthworms and led to 24.4–33.3% cumulative mortality, while millimeter-scale (mm) biochar and micron-scale (μm) biochar achieved zero mortality. The findings of this study could be used for evaluating the potential impact of nanoscale biochar to earthworms and guiding biochar-augmented vermicomposting. Graphical Abstract Highlights The addition of 1–2 mm biochar resulted in a 1.9-fold greater reduction in organic matter compared to the control group.The introduction of 25–75 μm biochar led to a significant 94% increase in earthworm cocoons.The cumulative mortality rates of 200 nm and 60 nm biochar amendment reached peaks of 33.3% and 24.4% at first week, respectively.Earthworms excrete mucus that effectively removes attached nanobiochar. Sewage sludge (dpeaa)DE-He213 Vermicomposting (dpeaa)DE-He213 Biochar (dpeaa)DE-He213 Particle sizes (dpeaa)DE-He213 Gut microbes (dpeaa)DE-He213 Wang, Yue verfasserin aut Cui, Guangyu verfasserin aut Xu, Qiyong verfasserin aut Zhang, Hua verfasserin aut He, Pinjing verfasserin aut Lü, Fan verfasserin aut Enthalten in Biochar Springer Nature Singapore, 2019 6(2024), 1 vom: 14. Aug. (DE-627)1041201680 (DE-600)2951502-6 2524-7867 nnns volume:6 year:2024 number:1 day:14 month:08 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42773-024-00365-8 X:SPRINGER Resolving-System kostenfrei Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4367 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 6 2024 1 14 08 |
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Compost quality, earthworm activities and microbial communities in biochar-augmented vermicomposting of dewatered activated sludge: the role of biochar particle size |
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Vermicomposting utilizes the synergistic effect of earthworms with microorganisms to accelerate the stabilization of organic matter in biowastes. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism behind the maturity of vermicompost and the growth of earthworms exposed to biochar of varying particle sizes remains unclear. This study presents an investigation of the effect of biochar particle size on earthworm (Eisenia fetida) survival, microbial diversity, and the quality of vermicompost products. To address these issues, pelletized dewatered sludge samples from a municipal sewage treatment plant were amended with pine-based biochar with particle sizes of 1–2 mm, 25–75 μm, 200 nm, and 60 nm as the substrate for vermicomposting. This study revealed that the addition of millimeter-scale biochar and micron-scale biochar significantly promoted the degradation of organic matter since the organic matter in the treatment with 1–2 mm biochar at the end of the vermicomposting experiment decreased by 12.6%, which was equivalent to a 1.9-fold increase compared with that of the control. Excessive nanopowdering of nanobiochar significantly affected the survival of earthworms and led to 24.4–33.3% cumulative mortality, while millimeter-scale (mm) biochar and micron-scale (μm) biochar achieved zero mortality. The findings of this study could be used for evaluating the potential impact of nanoscale biochar to earthworms and guiding biochar-augmented vermicomposting. Graphical Abstract Highlights The addition of 1–2 mm biochar resulted in a 1.9-fold greater reduction in organic matter compared to the control group.The introduction of 25–75 μm biochar led to a significant 94% increase in earthworm cocoons.The cumulative mortality rates of 200 nm and 60 nm biochar amendment reached peaks of 33.3% and 24.4% at first week, respectively.Earthworms excrete mucus that effectively removes attached nanobiochar. © The Author(s) 2024 |
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Vermicomposting utilizes the synergistic effect of earthworms with microorganisms to accelerate the stabilization of organic matter in biowastes. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism behind the maturity of vermicompost and the growth of earthworms exposed to biochar of varying particle sizes remains unclear. This study presents an investigation of the effect of biochar particle size on earthworm (Eisenia fetida) survival, microbial diversity, and the quality of vermicompost products. To address these issues, pelletized dewatered sludge samples from a municipal sewage treatment plant were amended with pine-based biochar with particle sizes of 1–2 mm, 25–75 μm, 200 nm, and 60 nm as the substrate for vermicomposting. This study revealed that the addition of millimeter-scale biochar and micron-scale biochar significantly promoted the degradation of organic matter since the organic matter in the treatment with 1–2 mm biochar at the end of the vermicomposting experiment decreased by 12.6%, which was equivalent to a 1.9-fold increase compared with that of the control. Excessive nanopowdering of nanobiochar significantly affected the survival of earthworms and led to 24.4–33.3% cumulative mortality, while millimeter-scale (mm) biochar and micron-scale (μm) biochar achieved zero mortality. The findings of this study could be used for evaluating the potential impact of nanoscale biochar to earthworms and guiding biochar-augmented vermicomposting. Graphical Abstract Highlights The addition of 1–2 mm biochar resulted in a 1.9-fold greater reduction in organic matter compared to the control group.The introduction of 25–75 μm biochar led to a significant 94% increase in earthworm cocoons.The cumulative mortality rates of 200 nm and 60 nm biochar amendment reached peaks of 33.3% and 24.4% at first week, respectively.Earthworms excrete mucus that effectively removes attached nanobiochar. © The Author(s) 2024 |
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Vermicomposting utilizes the synergistic effect of earthworms with microorganisms to accelerate the stabilization of organic matter in biowastes. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism behind the maturity of vermicompost and the growth of earthworms exposed to biochar of varying particle sizes remains unclear. This study presents an investigation of the effect of biochar particle size on earthworm (Eisenia fetida) survival, microbial diversity, and the quality of vermicompost products. To address these issues, pelletized dewatered sludge samples from a municipal sewage treatment plant were amended with pine-based biochar with particle sizes of 1–2 mm, 25–75 μm, 200 nm, and 60 nm as the substrate for vermicomposting. This study revealed that the addition of millimeter-scale biochar and micron-scale biochar significantly promoted the degradation of organic matter since the organic matter in the treatment with 1–2 mm biochar at the end of the vermicomposting experiment decreased by 12.6%, which was equivalent to a 1.9-fold increase compared with that of the control. Excessive nanopowdering of nanobiochar significantly affected the survival of earthworms and led to 24.4–33.3% cumulative mortality, while millimeter-scale (mm) biochar and micron-scale (μm) biochar achieved zero mortality. The findings of this study could be used for evaluating the potential impact of nanoscale biochar to earthworms and guiding biochar-augmented vermicomposting. Graphical Abstract Highlights The addition of 1–2 mm biochar resulted in a 1.9-fold greater reduction in organic matter compared to the control group.The introduction of 25–75 μm biochar led to a significant 94% increase in earthworm cocoons.The cumulative mortality rates of 200 nm and 60 nm biochar amendment reached peaks of 33.3% and 24.4% at first week, respectively.Earthworms excrete mucus that effectively removes attached nanobiochar. © The Author(s) 2024 |
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Nevertheless, the exact mechanism behind the maturity of vermicompost and the growth of earthworms exposed to biochar of varying particle sizes remains unclear. This study presents an investigation of the effect of biochar particle size on earthworm (Eisenia fetida) survival, microbial diversity, and the quality of vermicompost products. To address these issues, pelletized dewatered sludge samples from a municipal sewage treatment plant were amended with pine-based biochar with particle sizes of 1–2 mm, 25–75 μm, 200 nm, and 60 nm as the substrate for vermicomposting. This study revealed that the addition of millimeter-scale biochar and micron-scale biochar significantly promoted the degradation of organic matter since the organic matter in the treatment with 1–2 mm biochar at the end of the vermicomposting experiment decreased by 12.6%, which was equivalent to a 1.9-fold increase compared with that of the control. Excessive nanopowdering of nanobiochar significantly affected the survival of earthworms and led to 24.4–33.3% cumulative mortality, while millimeter-scale (mm) biochar and micron-scale (μm) biochar achieved zero mortality. The findings of this study could be used for evaluating the potential impact of nanoscale biochar to earthworms and guiding biochar-augmented vermicomposting. Graphical Abstract</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Highlights The addition of 1–2 mm biochar resulted in a 1.9-fold greater reduction in organic matter compared to the control group.The introduction of 25–75 μm biochar led to a significant 94% increase in earthworm cocoons.The cumulative mortality rates of 200 nm and 60 nm biochar amendment reached peaks of 33.3% and 24.4% at first week, respectively.Earthworms excrete mucus that effectively removes attached nanobiochar.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Sewage sludge</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Vermicomposting</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Biochar</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Particle sizes</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Gut microbes</subfield><subfield code="7">(dpeaa)DE-He213</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Wang, Yue</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Cui, Guangyu</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Xu, Qiyong</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Zhang, Hua</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">He, Pinjing</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Lü, Fan</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Enthalten in</subfield><subfield code="t">Biochar</subfield><subfield code="d">Springer Nature Singapore, 2019</subfield><subfield code="g">6(2024), 1 vom: 14. 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