Long-term effect of organic fertilizer and biochar on soil carbon fractions and sequestration in maize-black gram system
Abstract In the process of carbon storage, fractionation, and mineralization in soil, biochar and organic manure are essential. Regarding the impact of these interconnected procedures that link to soil C-cycling, there are still some doubts. At the ICAR-Sikkim Centre in Gangtok, India, a ten-year fi...
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| Autor*in: |
Das, Shaon Kumar [verfasserIn] Choudhury, Burhan U. [verfasserIn] Hazarika, Samarendra [verfasserIn] Mishra, Vinay Kumar [verfasserIn] Laha, Ramgopal [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2023 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Anmerkung: |
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery - Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011, 14(2023), 19 vom: 03. Apr., Seite 23425-23438 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:14 ; year:2023 ; number:19 ; day:03 ; month:04 ; pages:23425-23438 |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1007/s13399-023-04165-1 |
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SPR057463212 |
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| 520 | |a Abstract In the process of carbon storage, fractionation, and mineralization in soil, biochar and organic manure are essential. Regarding the impact of these interconnected procedures that link to soil C-cycling, there are still some doubts. At the ICAR-Sikkim Centre in Gangtok, India, a ten-year field experiment was conducted during 2013–2022 to investigate the effects of maize stalk and cob biomass-derived biochar (pyrolyzed at 600 °C) and different organic manure (5.0 t $ ha^{−1} $ to 10.0 t $ ha^{−1} $) applications on soil carbon fractions and sequestration in maize-black gram system. The biochar was morpho-mineralogically characterized by SEM, TEM, EDS, TGA, FT-IR, and XRD. Types of organic manure and biochar significantly enhanced total carbon and oxidizable carbon. It also influenced water-soluble, hot water extractable, and particulate organic carbon than control. Combinations of biochar and organic manure both considerably lowered soil bulk density. The vermicompost influenced highest in particulate organic carbon and pig manure lowest compared to other manure and control. The treatment poultry manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 2.5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (48.93) decreased water-soluble carbon (µg $ g^{−1} $ soil) significantly, followed by pig manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 2.5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (52.33) as compared to control $ T_{1} $ (76.24) from initial value 71.39. An increase in organic manure and biochar application rate significantly increased carbon sequestration potential. Manures with biochar resulted in more influence on the annual rate of carbon sequestration than only manure without biochar. Among the manures with biochar, the treatment vermicompost 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (30.41) increased carbon retention efficiency (%) significantly, followed by goat manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (30.10), as compared to control $ T_{1} $ (3.53). Manures with biochar resulted in less influence in potentially mineralizable carbon than manure without biochar. FYM at 10 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (33.49) decreased potentially mineralizable nitrogen (mg $ NH_{4} $+-N $ kg^{−1} $) significantly, followed by pig manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (34.12) than manure without biochar. Our work unequivocally showed that applying biochar and organic manure to a maize-black gram system has great potential for C-sequestration and can play a vital role in C-fractionations. | ||
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10.1007/s13399-023-04165-1 doi (DE-627)SPR057463212 (SPR)s13399-023-04165-1-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 VZ Das, Shaon Kumar verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-0008-5238 aut Long-term effect of organic fertilizer and biochar on soil carbon fractions and sequestration in maize-black gram system 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Abstract In the process of carbon storage, fractionation, and mineralization in soil, biochar and organic manure are essential. Regarding the impact of these interconnected procedures that link to soil C-cycling, there are still some doubts. At the ICAR-Sikkim Centre in Gangtok, India, a ten-year field experiment was conducted during 2013–2022 to investigate the effects of maize stalk and cob biomass-derived biochar (pyrolyzed at 600 °C) and different organic manure (5.0 t $ ha^{−1} $ to 10.0 t $ ha^{−1} $) applications on soil carbon fractions and sequestration in maize-black gram system. The biochar was morpho-mineralogically characterized by SEM, TEM, EDS, TGA, FT-IR, and XRD. Types of organic manure and biochar significantly enhanced total carbon and oxidizable carbon. It also influenced water-soluble, hot water extractable, and particulate organic carbon than control. Combinations of biochar and organic manure both considerably lowered soil bulk density. The vermicompost influenced highest in particulate organic carbon and pig manure lowest compared to other manure and control. The treatment poultry manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 2.5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (48.93) decreased water-soluble carbon (µg $ g^{−1} $ soil) significantly, followed by pig manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 2.5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (52.33) as compared to control $ T_{1} $ (76.24) from initial value 71.39. An increase in organic manure and biochar application rate significantly increased carbon sequestration potential. Manures with biochar resulted in more influence on the annual rate of carbon sequestration than only manure without biochar. Among the manures with biochar, the treatment vermicompost 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (30.41) increased carbon retention efficiency (%) significantly, followed by goat manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (30.10), as compared to control $ T_{1} $ (3.53). Manures with biochar resulted in less influence in potentially mineralizable carbon than manure without biochar. FYM at 10 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (33.49) decreased potentially mineralizable nitrogen (mg $ NH_{4} $+-N $ kg^{−1} $) significantly, followed by pig manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (34.12) than manure without biochar. Our work unequivocally showed that applying biochar and organic manure to a maize-black gram system has great potential for C-sequestration and can play a vital role in C-fractionations. Biochar (dpeaa)DE-He213 Carbon fractions (dpeaa)DE-He213 Carbon retention efficiency (dpeaa)DE-He213 Carbon sequestration (dpeaa)DE-He213 Organic manure (dpeaa)DE-He213 Choudhury, Burhan U. verfasserin aut Hazarika, Samarendra verfasserin aut Mishra, Vinay Kumar verfasserin aut Laha, Ramgopal verfasserin aut Enthalten in Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011 14(2023), 19 vom: 03. Apr., Seite 23425-23438 (DE-627)645092843 (DE-600)2592298-1 2190-6823 nnns volume:14 year:2023 number:19 day:03 month:04 pages:23425-23438 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04165-1 X:SPRINGER Resolving-System lizenzpflichtig Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_2574 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2023 19 03 04 23425-23438 |
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10.1007/s13399-023-04165-1 doi (DE-627)SPR057463212 (SPR)s13399-023-04165-1-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 VZ Das, Shaon Kumar verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-0008-5238 aut Long-term effect of organic fertilizer and biochar on soil carbon fractions and sequestration in maize-black gram system 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Abstract In the process of carbon storage, fractionation, and mineralization in soil, biochar and organic manure are essential. Regarding the impact of these interconnected procedures that link to soil C-cycling, there are still some doubts. At the ICAR-Sikkim Centre in Gangtok, India, a ten-year field experiment was conducted during 2013–2022 to investigate the effects of maize stalk and cob biomass-derived biochar (pyrolyzed at 600 °C) and different organic manure (5.0 t $ ha^{−1} $ to 10.0 t $ ha^{−1} $) applications on soil carbon fractions and sequestration in maize-black gram system. The biochar was morpho-mineralogically characterized by SEM, TEM, EDS, TGA, FT-IR, and XRD. Types of organic manure and biochar significantly enhanced total carbon and oxidizable carbon. It also influenced water-soluble, hot water extractable, and particulate organic carbon than control. Combinations of biochar and organic manure both considerably lowered soil bulk density. The vermicompost influenced highest in particulate organic carbon and pig manure lowest compared to other manure and control. The treatment poultry manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 2.5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (48.93) decreased water-soluble carbon (µg $ g^{−1} $ soil) significantly, followed by pig manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 2.5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (52.33) as compared to control $ T_{1} $ (76.24) from initial value 71.39. An increase in organic manure and biochar application rate significantly increased carbon sequestration potential. Manures with biochar resulted in more influence on the annual rate of carbon sequestration than only manure without biochar. Among the manures with biochar, the treatment vermicompost 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (30.41) increased carbon retention efficiency (%) significantly, followed by goat manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (30.10), as compared to control $ T_{1} $ (3.53). Manures with biochar resulted in less influence in potentially mineralizable carbon than manure without biochar. FYM at 10 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (33.49) decreased potentially mineralizable nitrogen (mg $ NH_{4} $+-N $ kg^{−1} $) significantly, followed by pig manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (34.12) than manure without biochar. Our work unequivocally showed that applying biochar and organic manure to a maize-black gram system has great potential for C-sequestration and can play a vital role in C-fractionations. Biochar (dpeaa)DE-He213 Carbon fractions (dpeaa)DE-He213 Carbon retention efficiency (dpeaa)DE-He213 Carbon sequestration (dpeaa)DE-He213 Organic manure (dpeaa)DE-He213 Choudhury, Burhan U. verfasserin aut Hazarika, Samarendra verfasserin aut Mishra, Vinay Kumar verfasserin aut Laha, Ramgopal verfasserin aut Enthalten in Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011 14(2023), 19 vom: 03. Apr., Seite 23425-23438 (DE-627)645092843 (DE-600)2592298-1 2190-6823 nnns volume:14 year:2023 number:19 day:03 month:04 pages:23425-23438 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04165-1 X:SPRINGER Resolving-System lizenzpflichtig Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_2574 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2023 19 03 04 23425-23438 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.1007/s13399-023-04165-1 doi (DE-627)SPR057463212 (SPR)s13399-023-04165-1-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 VZ Das, Shaon Kumar verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-0008-5238 aut Long-term effect of organic fertilizer and biochar on soil carbon fractions and sequestration in maize-black gram system 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Abstract In the process of carbon storage, fractionation, and mineralization in soil, biochar and organic manure are essential. Regarding the impact of these interconnected procedures that link to soil C-cycling, there are still some doubts. At the ICAR-Sikkim Centre in Gangtok, India, a ten-year field experiment was conducted during 2013–2022 to investigate the effects of maize stalk and cob biomass-derived biochar (pyrolyzed at 600 °C) and different organic manure (5.0 t $ ha^{−1} $ to 10.0 t $ ha^{−1} $) applications on soil carbon fractions and sequestration in maize-black gram system. The biochar was morpho-mineralogically characterized by SEM, TEM, EDS, TGA, FT-IR, and XRD. Types of organic manure and biochar significantly enhanced total carbon and oxidizable carbon. It also influenced water-soluble, hot water extractable, and particulate organic carbon than control. Combinations of biochar and organic manure both considerably lowered soil bulk density. The vermicompost influenced highest in particulate organic carbon and pig manure lowest compared to other manure and control. The treatment poultry manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 2.5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (48.93) decreased water-soluble carbon (µg $ g^{−1} $ soil) significantly, followed by pig manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 2.5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (52.33) as compared to control $ T_{1} $ (76.24) from initial value 71.39. An increase in organic manure and biochar application rate significantly increased carbon sequestration potential. Manures with biochar resulted in more influence on the annual rate of carbon sequestration than only manure without biochar. Among the manures with biochar, the treatment vermicompost 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (30.41) increased carbon retention efficiency (%) significantly, followed by goat manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (30.10), as compared to control $ T_{1} $ (3.53). Manures with biochar resulted in less influence in potentially mineralizable carbon than manure without biochar. FYM at 10 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (33.49) decreased potentially mineralizable nitrogen (mg $ NH_{4} $+-N $ kg^{−1} $) significantly, followed by pig manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (34.12) than manure without biochar. Our work unequivocally showed that applying biochar and organic manure to a maize-black gram system has great potential for C-sequestration and can play a vital role in C-fractionations. Biochar (dpeaa)DE-He213 Carbon fractions (dpeaa)DE-He213 Carbon retention efficiency (dpeaa)DE-He213 Carbon sequestration (dpeaa)DE-He213 Organic manure (dpeaa)DE-He213 Choudhury, Burhan U. verfasserin aut Hazarika, Samarendra verfasserin aut Mishra, Vinay Kumar verfasserin aut Laha, Ramgopal verfasserin aut Enthalten in Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011 14(2023), 19 vom: 03. Apr., Seite 23425-23438 (DE-627)645092843 (DE-600)2592298-1 2190-6823 nnns volume:14 year:2023 number:19 day:03 month:04 pages:23425-23438 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04165-1 X:SPRINGER Resolving-System lizenzpflichtig Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_2574 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2023 19 03 04 23425-23438 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.1007/s13399-023-04165-1 doi (DE-627)SPR057463212 (SPR)s13399-023-04165-1-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 VZ Das, Shaon Kumar verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-0008-5238 aut Long-term effect of organic fertilizer and biochar on soil carbon fractions and sequestration in maize-black gram system 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Abstract In the process of carbon storage, fractionation, and mineralization in soil, biochar and organic manure are essential. Regarding the impact of these interconnected procedures that link to soil C-cycling, there are still some doubts. At the ICAR-Sikkim Centre in Gangtok, India, a ten-year field experiment was conducted during 2013–2022 to investigate the effects of maize stalk and cob biomass-derived biochar (pyrolyzed at 600 °C) and different organic manure (5.0 t $ ha^{−1} $ to 10.0 t $ ha^{−1} $) applications on soil carbon fractions and sequestration in maize-black gram system. The biochar was morpho-mineralogically characterized by SEM, TEM, EDS, TGA, FT-IR, and XRD. Types of organic manure and biochar significantly enhanced total carbon and oxidizable carbon. It also influenced water-soluble, hot water extractable, and particulate organic carbon than control. Combinations of biochar and organic manure both considerably lowered soil bulk density. The vermicompost influenced highest in particulate organic carbon and pig manure lowest compared to other manure and control. The treatment poultry manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 2.5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (48.93) decreased water-soluble carbon (µg $ g^{−1} $ soil) significantly, followed by pig manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 2.5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (52.33) as compared to control $ T_{1} $ (76.24) from initial value 71.39. An increase in organic manure and biochar application rate significantly increased carbon sequestration potential. Manures with biochar resulted in more influence on the annual rate of carbon sequestration than only manure without biochar. Among the manures with biochar, the treatment vermicompost 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (30.41) increased carbon retention efficiency (%) significantly, followed by goat manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (30.10), as compared to control $ T_{1} $ (3.53). Manures with biochar resulted in less influence in potentially mineralizable carbon than manure without biochar. FYM at 10 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (33.49) decreased potentially mineralizable nitrogen (mg $ NH_{4} $+-N $ kg^{−1} $) significantly, followed by pig manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (34.12) than manure without biochar. Our work unequivocally showed that applying biochar and organic manure to a maize-black gram system has great potential for C-sequestration and can play a vital role in C-fractionations. Biochar (dpeaa)DE-He213 Carbon fractions (dpeaa)DE-He213 Carbon retention efficiency (dpeaa)DE-He213 Carbon sequestration (dpeaa)DE-He213 Organic manure (dpeaa)DE-He213 Choudhury, Burhan U. verfasserin aut Hazarika, Samarendra verfasserin aut Mishra, Vinay Kumar verfasserin aut Laha, Ramgopal verfasserin aut Enthalten in Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011 14(2023), 19 vom: 03. Apr., Seite 23425-23438 (DE-627)645092843 (DE-600)2592298-1 2190-6823 nnns volume:14 year:2023 number:19 day:03 month:04 pages:23425-23438 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04165-1 X:SPRINGER Resolving-System lizenzpflichtig Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_2574 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2023 19 03 04 23425-23438 |
| allfieldsSound |
10.1007/s13399-023-04165-1 doi (DE-627)SPR057463212 (SPR)s13399-023-04165-1-e DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 VZ Das, Shaon Kumar verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-0008-5238 aut Long-term effect of organic fertilizer and biochar on soil carbon fractions and sequestration in maize-black gram system 2023 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Abstract In the process of carbon storage, fractionation, and mineralization in soil, biochar and organic manure are essential. Regarding the impact of these interconnected procedures that link to soil C-cycling, there are still some doubts. At the ICAR-Sikkim Centre in Gangtok, India, a ten-year field experiment was conducted during 2013–2022 to investigate the effects of maize stalk and cob biomass-derived biochar (pyrolyzed at 600 °C) and different organic manure (5.0 t $ ha^{−1} $ to 10.0 t $ ha^{−1} $) applications on soil carbon fractions and sequestration in maize-black gram system. The biochar was morpho-mineralogically characterized by SEM, TEM, EDS, TGA, FT-IR, and XRD. Types of organic manure and biochar significantly enhanced total carbon and oxidizable carbon. It also influenced water-soluble, hot water extractable, and particulate organic carbon than control. Combinations of biochar and organic manure both considerably lowered soil bulk density. The vermicompost influenced highest in particulate organic carbon and pig manure lowest compared to other manure and control. The treatment poultry manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 2.5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (48.93) decreased water-soluble carbon (µg $ g^{−1} $ soil) significantly, followed by pig manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 2.5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (52.33) as compared to control $ T_{1} $ (76.24) from initial value 71.39. An increase in organic manure and biochar application rate significantly increased carbon sequestration potential. Manures with biochar resulted in more influence on the annual rate of carbon sequestration than only manure without biochar. Among the manures with biochar, the treatment vermicompost 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (30.41) increased carbon retention efficiency (%) significantly, followed by goat manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (30.10), as compared to control $ T_{1} $ (3.53). Manures with biochar resulted in less influence in potentially mineralizable carbon than manure without biochar. FYM at 10 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (33.49) decreased potentially mineralizable nitrogen (mg $ NH_{4} $+-N $ kg^{−1} $) significantly, followed by pig manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (34.12) than manure without biochar. Our work unequivocally showed that applying biochar and organic manure to a maize-black gram system has great potential for C-sequestration and can play a vital role in C-fractionations. Biochar (dpeaa)DE-He213 Carbon fractions (dpeaa)DE-He213 Carbon retention efficiency (dpeaa)DE-He213 Carbon sequestration (dpeaa)DE-He213 Organic manure (dpeaa)DE-He213 Choudhury, Burhan U. verfasserin aut Hazarika, Samarendra verfasserin aut Mishra, Vinay Kumar verfasserin aut Laha, Ramgopal verfasserin aut Enthalten in Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011 14(2023), 19 vom: 03. Apr., Seite 23425-23438 (DE-627)645092843 (DE-600)2592298-1 2190-6823 nnns volume:14 year:2023 number:19 day:03 month:04 pages:23425-23438 https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04165-1 X:SPRINGER Resolving-System lizenzpflichtig Volltext SYSFLAG_0 GBV_SPRINGER SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_39 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_120 GBV_ILN_138 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_152 GBV_ILN_161 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_171 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_250 GBV_ILN_281 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_293 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_636 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2031 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2037 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2039 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2057 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2093 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2107 GBV_ILN_2108 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2144 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2188 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2446 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2472 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_2548 GBV_ILN_2574 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4246 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4328 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4336 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 14 2023 19 03 04 23425-23438 |
| language |
English |
| source |
Enthalten in Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery 14(2023), 19 vom: 03. Apr., Seite 23425-23438 volume:14 year:2023 number:19 day:03 month:04 pages:23425-23438 |
| sourceStr |
Enthalten in Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery 14(2023), 19 vom: 03. Apr., Seite 23425-23438 volume:14 year:2023 number:19 day:03 month:04 pages:23425-23438 |
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Biochar Carbon fractions Carbon retention efficiency Carbon sequestration Organic manure |
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Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery |
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Das, Shaon Kumar @@aut@@ Choudhury, Burhan U. @@aut@@ Hazarika, Samarendra @@aut@@ Mishra, Vinay Kumar @@aut@@ Laha, Ramgopal @@aut@@ |
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2023-04-03T00:00:00Z |
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Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Abstract In the process of carbon storage, fractionation, and mineralization in soil, biochar and organic manure are essential. Regarding the impact of these interconnected procedures that link to soil C-cycling, there are still some doubts. At the ICAR-Sikkim Centre in Gangtok, India, a ten-year field experiment was conducted during 2013–2022 to investigate the effects of maize stalk and cob biomass-derived biochar (pyrolyzed at 600 °C) and different organic manure (5.0 t $ ha^{−1} $ to 10.0 t $ ha^{−1} $) applications on soil carbon fractions and sequestration in maize-black gram system. The biochar was morpho-mineralogically characterized by SEM, TEM, EDS, TGA, FT-IR, and XRD. Types of organic manure and biochar significantly enhanced total carbon and oxidizable carbon. It also influenced water-soluble, hot water extractable, and particulate organic carbon than control. Combinations of biochar and organic manure both considerably lowered soil bulk density. The vermicompost influenced highest in particulate organic carbon and pig manure lowest compared to other manure and control. The treatment poultry manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 2.5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (48.93) decreased water-soluble carbon (µg $ g^{−1} $ soil) significantly, followed by pig manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 2.5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (52.33) as compared to control $ T_{1} $ (76.24) from initial value 71.39. An increase in organic manure and biochar application rate significantly increased carbon sequestration potential. Manures with biochar resulted in more influence on the annual rate of carbon sequestration than only manure without biochar. Among the manures with biochar, the treatment vermicompost 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (30.41) increased carbon retention efficiency (%) significantly, followed by goat manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (30.10), as compared to control $ T_{1} $ (3.53). Manures with biochar resulted in less influence in potentially mineralizable carbon than manure without biochar. FYM at 10 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (33.49) decreased potentially mineralizable nitrogen (mg $ NH_{4} $+-N $ kg^{−1} $) significantly, followed by pig manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (34.12) than manure without biochar. 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Das, Shaon Kumar |
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Das, Shaon Kumar ddc 570 misc Biochar misc Carbon fractions misc Carbon retention efficiency misc Carbon sequestration misc Organic manure Long-term effect of organic fertilizer and biochar on soil carbon fractions and sequestration in maize-black gram system |
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570 VZ Long-term effect of organic fertilizer and biochar on soil carbon fractions and sequestration in maize-black gram system Biochar (dpeaa)DE-He213 Carbon fractions (dpeaa)DE-He213 Carbon retention efficiency (dpeaa)DE-He213 Carbon sequestration (dpeaa)DE-He213 Organic manure (dpeaa)DE-He213 |
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ddc 570 misc Biochar misc Carbon fractions misc Carbon retention efficiency misc Carbon sequestration misc Organic manure |
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long-term effect of organic fertilizer and biochar on soil carbon fractions and sequestration in maize-black gram system |
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Long-term effect of organic fertilizer and biochar on soil carbon fractions and sequestration in maize-black gram system |
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Abstract In the process of carbon storage, fractionation, and mineralization in soil, biochar and organic manure are essential. Regarding the impact of these interconnected procedures that link to soil C-cycling, there are still some doubts. At the ICAR-Sikkim Centre in Gangtok, India, a ten-year field experiment was conducted during 2013–2022 to investigate the effects of maize stalk and cob biomass-derived biochar (pyrolyzed at 600 °C) and different organic manure (5.0 t $ ha^{−1} $ to 10.0 t $ ha^{−1} $) applications on soil carbon fractions and sequestration in maize-black gram system. The biochar was morpho-mineralogically characterized by SEM, TEM, EDS, TGA, FT-IR, and XRD. Types of organic manure and biochar significantly enhanced total carbon and oxidizable carbon. It also influenced water-soluble, hot water extractable, and particulate organic carbon than control. Combinations of biochar and organic manure both considerably lowered soil bulk density. The vermicompost influenced highest in particulate organic carbon and pig manure lowest compared to other manure and control. The treatment poultry manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 2.5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (48.93) decreased water-soluble carbon (µg $ g^{−1} $ soil) significantly, followed by pig manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 2.5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (52.33) as compared to control $ T_{1} $ (76.24) from initial value 71.39. An increase in organic manure and biochar application rate significantly increased carbon sequestration potential. Manures with biochar resulted in more influence on the annual rate of carbon sequestration than only manure without biochar. Among the manures with biochar, the treatment vermicompost 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (30.41) increased carbon retention efficiency (%) significantly, followed by goat manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (30.10), as compared to control $ T_{1} $ (3.53). Manures with biochar resulted in less influence in potentially mineralizable carbon than manure without biochar. FYM at 10 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (33.49) decreased potentially mineralizable nitrogen (mg $ NH_{4} $+-N $ kg^{−1} $) significantly, followed by pig manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (34.12) than manure without biochar. Our work unequivocally showed that applying biochar and organic manure to a maize-black gram system has great potential for C-sequestration and can play a vital role in C-fractionations. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. |
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Abstract In the process of carbon storage, fractionation, and mineralization in soil, biochar and organic manure are essential. Regarding the impact of these interconnected procedures that link to soil C-cycling, there are still some doubts. At the ICAR-Sikkim Centre in Gangtok, India, a ten-year field experiment was conducted during 2013–2022 to investigate the effects of maize stalk and cob biomass-derived biochar (pyrolyzed at 600 °C) and different organic manure (5.0 t $ ha^{−1} $ to 10.0 t $ ha^{−1} $) applications on soil carbon fractions and sequestration in maize-black gram system. The biochar was morpho-mineralogically characterized by SEM, TEM, EDS, TGA, FT-IR, and XRD. Types of organic manure and biochar significantly enhanced total carbon and oxidizable carbon. It also influenced water-soluble, hot water extractable, and particulate organic carbon than control. Combinations of biochar and organic manure both considerably lowered soil bulk density. The vermicompost influenced highest in particulate organic carbon and pig manure lowest compared to other manure and control. The treatment poultry manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 2.5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (48.93) decreased water-soluble carbon (µg $ g^{−1} $ soil) significantly, followed by pig manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 2.5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (52.33) as compared to control $ T_{1} $ (76.24) from initial value 71.39. An increase in organic manure and biochar application rate significantly increased carbon sequestration potential. Manures with biochar resulted in more influence on the annual rate of carbon sequestration than only manure without biochar. Among the manures with biochar, the treatment vermicompost 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (30.41) increased carbon retention efficiency (%) significantly, followed by goat manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (30.10), as compared to control $ T_{1} $ (3.53). Manures with biochar resulted in less influence in potentially mineralizable carbon than manure without biochar. FYM at 10 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (33.49) decreased potentially mineralizable nitrogen (mg $ NH_{4} $+-N $ kg^{−1} $) significantly, followed by pig manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (34.12) than manure without biochar. Our work unequivocally showed that applying biochar and organic manure to a maize-black gram system has great potential for C-sequestration and can play a vital role in C-fractionations. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. |
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Abstract In the process of carbon storage, fractionation, and mineralization in soil, biochar and organic manure are essential. Regarding the impact of these interconnected procedures that link to soil C-cycling, there are still some doubts. At the ICAR-Sikkim Centre in Gangtok, India, a ten-year field experiment was conducted during 2013–2022 to investigate the effects of maize stalk and cob biomass-derived biochar (pyrolyzed at 600 °C) and different organic manure (5.0 t $ ha^{−1} $ to 10.0 t $ ha^{−1} $) applications on soil carbon fractions and sequestration in maize-black gram system. The biochar was morpho-mineralogically characterized by SEM, TEM, EDS, TGA, FT-IR, and XRD. Types of organic manure and biochar significantly enhanced total carbon and oxidizable carbon. It also influenced water-soluble, hot water extractable, and particulate organic carbon than control. Combinations of biochar and organic manure both considerably lowered soil bulk density. The vermicompost influenced highest in particulate organic carbon and pig manure lowest compared to other manure and control. The treatment poultry manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 2.5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (48.93) decreased water-soluble carbon (µg $ g^{−1} $ soil) significantly, followed by pig manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 2.5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (52.33) as compared to control $ T_{1} $ (76.24) from initial value 71.39. An increase in organic manure and biochar application rate significantly increased carbon sequestration potential. Manures with biochar resulted in more influence on the annual rate of carbon sequestration than only manure without biochar. Among the manures with biochar, the treatment vermicompost 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (30.41) increased carbon retention efficiency (%) significantly, followed by goat manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (30.10), as compared to control $ T_{1} $ (3.53). Manures with biochar resulted in less influence in potentially mineralizable carbon than manure without biochar. FYM at 10 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (33.49) decreased potentially mineralizable nitrogen (mg $ NH_{4} $+-N $ kg^{−1} $) significantly, followed by pig manure 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ + biochar 5 t $ ha^{−1} $ (34.12) than manure without biochar. Our work unequivocally showed that applying biochar and organic manure to a maize-black gram system has great potential for C-sequestration and can play a vital role in C-fractionations. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. |
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| score |
7.401165 |